Iyo umuganga agupimye amaraso, ubusanzwe ujya muri laboratoire. Hari umuntu wicaye ku ntebe agafata amaraso make mu kuboko kwawe witonze, sibyo? Hari igihe tumwita "abaforomo bo muri laboratoire," ariko mu by'ukuri ni abahanga mu by'ubuvuzi bahawe amahugurwa yihariye kuri aka kazi. Ibyo ni byo abaganga bita umuganga w'indwara z'imitsi . Uyu munsi, reka tuvuge ku muganga w'indwara z'imitsi uwo ari we, icyo akora, n'icyo wakwitega iyo ugiye gutanga amaraso.
Ni nde muganga w’indwara zo mu mutwe (Phlebotomist)?
Mu magambo make, umuganga w’indwara z’uruhu ni inzobere mu by’ubuvuzi wahuguwe by’umwihariko kugufatira amaraso. Ashobora gufata ayo maraso kugira ngo apimwe muri laboratwari, kugira ngo atange amaraso, cyangwa se mu rwego rwo kuvura indwara zimwe na zimwe.
Ijambo "Phlebotomy" rikomoka mu rurimi rw'Ikigereki. "Phleps" bivuga "imitsi" na "tomia" bivuga "gukata." Mu bihe byashize, ibi byari bitandukanye. Ariko muri iki gihe, ni uburyo bugezweho cyane, bwizewe kandi bw'ingenzi cyane mu buvuzi.
Umuganga w'ingendo witwa Phlebotomist
Bamwe mu baganga b'indwara z'imitsi ntibakora ahantu hamwe. Bakora ingendo ahantu hatandukanye kugira ngo bafate amaraso. Urugero:
- Bajya mu ngo z'abarwayi bo mu midugudu ya kure gufata amaraso.
- Ibigo bimwe na bimwe by’abaganga biza gufata amaraso mu gihe gisabwa.
- Gukora mu nkambi zitanga amaraso zigendanwa.
- Hari serivisi zijya mu ngo z'abageze mu za bukuru, abafite ubumuga, n'abarwayi badashobora kuva mu ngo kugira ngo bafate ingero.
Ni izihe nshingano z'ingenzi z'umuganga w'indwara z'imitsi (Phlebotomist)?
Akazi k'umuganga w'indwara z'amenyo karenze kure ibyo gukurura amaraso gusa. Ni akazi gafite inshingano zikomeye. Izi nshingano zishobora gutandukana gato bitewe n'aho akorera, ariko ibi ni ibintu bisanzwe akora.
| Inshingano / Inshingano | Bisobanuwe mu buryo bworoshye |
|---|---|
| Ibimenyetso by'umurwayi | Mbere yo gufata amaraso, bagusaba izina ryawe n'itariki y'amavuko kugira ngo bemeze ko ari wowe. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane ku mutekano. |
| Gusobanura inzira | Niba ufite ubwoba, bazagutuza, bagusobanurire uburyo bwo gukururwa amaraso, kandi bagusubize ibibazo byawe. |
| Guhitamo ahantu heza | Hitamo umutsi mwiza kandi woroshye kubona wo gukuramo amaraso, haba mu kuboko kwawe cyangwa ahandi. |
| Gutera imitsi mu mutsi | Hakoreshejwe inshinge n'ibikoresho byasizwe umuti, amaraso akenewe aturuka mu mutsi. Hari igihe, hafatwa agatonyanga gato k'amaraso (icyitegererezo cy'imitsi) mu rutoki. |
| Icyitegererezo cyo gushyiramo ibimenyetso | Umuyoboro urimo amaraso wanditseho amakuru yawe neza. Iyo ibi bikozwe nabi, bishobora kuba ikibazo gikomeye. |
| Umutekano n'isuku | Fata ingamba zose zikenewe kugira ngo wirinde ikwirakwira rya mikorobe (kurwanya ubwandu). Ibintu nko kwambara uturindantoki no gusukura uruhu ni ngombwa. |
Igikuru ni uko umuganga w’indwara z’ibisebe atari umuntu utera urushinge mu mitsi gusa, ahubwo ni umuntu w’ingenzi cyane mu itsinda ry’abaganga. Kuko ari bo batera intambwe ya mbere iganisha ku gusuzuma neza indwara, ari byo kubona icyitegererezo gikwiye.
Ni iki kibaho mbere na nyuma yo kujya gutanga amaraso?
Gutanga amaraso bishobora gutera ubwoba kuri bamwe, ariko iyo umuntu abyiteguye gato, bishobora kuba ibintu byoroshye cyane.
Mbere yo kujya gutanga amaraso...
- Nywa amazi menshi: Nywa ibirahuri bibiri kugeza kuri bitatu by'amazi amasaha make mbere yo kujya gutanga amaraso. Ibi bizafasha imitsi yawe kuzuza no kugaragara neza. Bizorohereza kandi umuganga w'indwara z'imitsi kubona imitsi yawe.
- Kurya ifunguro ryiza: Ntukarye mu nda ufite ubusa (keretse muganga wawe abikubwiye). Kurya ifunguro ryiza ririmo poroteyine na karubohidrati. Ibi bizafasha kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara isereri nyuma yo gutanga amaraso.
- Tekereza ku myambarire yawe: Ambara ishati y'amaboko magufi cyangwa ikindi kintu kigufasha kuzingira amaboko yawe byoroshye.
Bigenda bite iyo umuganga w’indwara z’ibisebe akuye amaraso?
1. Indangamuntu: Ubwa mbere, uzasabwa izina ryawe, imyaka yawe, n'ibindi bisobanuro kugira ngo wemeze umwirondoro wawe.
2. Kwitegura: Umutsi mwiza wo ku kuboko kwawe uzatoranywa, uzashyirwaho tourniquet hanyuma uruhu ruzasukurwa neza n'ikintu nk'inzoga.
3. Gushyiramo urushinge: Hanyuma, urushinge rushyirwa mu mitsi witonze cyane. Uzumva urimo gutobora gato, ariko bizamara amasegonda make gusa. Guhumeka cyane bizafasha kugabanya ububabare.
4. Gukusanya amaraso: Nyuma yo gukusanya amaraso akenewe mu miyoboro, fungura umugozi wari uhambiriye ku kuboko hanyuma ukuremo urushinge.
5. Kwita ku barwayi nyuma yo kuvura: Uzasabwa gufata urushinge mu mwanya warwo ukoresheje ipamba. Hanyuma, uzasigwa igitambaro kuri icyo gice. Nyuma yo kugenzura neza ko nta kibazo ufite ni bwo uzemererwa kugenda.
Nyuma yo gutanga amaraso ...
- Shyira igitambaro cyo kwambaraho nibura isaha imwe . Hari igihe ushobora gusabwa kugipfuka kugeza ku masaha ane.
- Irinde guterura ibintu biremereye cyangwa gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri igoye mu bindi bihe by'umunsi.
- Niba aho warumwe hatangiye kuva amaraso, kanda hasi aho hantu, shyira ukuboko hejuru, hanyuma utegereze iminota 5-10.
- Niba wumva umeze nk'ufite isereri cyangwa ufite umutwe urembye, hagarika ibyo ukora wicare cyangwa uryame kugeza igihe wumvise umeze neza.
Ni ibihe bizamini by'ingenzi umuhanga mu by'imitsi akora?
Umuganga w’indwara z’uruhu akura amaraso mu gihe cyo gupima amaraso muganga wawe yagutegetse. Bimwe mu bipimo bikunze kugaragara birimo:
- Umubare w'amaraso yuzuye (FBC/CBC): Ikizamini cy'ibanze gipima umubare w'uturemangingo tw'amaraso dutukura, uturemangingo tw'amaraso twera, n'udupira tw'amaraso, kandi gishobora gutanga igitekerezo cy'indwara nyinshi.
- Imiterere y'ibinure: Ikizamini cyo kugenzura urugero rwa cholesterol na triglyceride.
- Ibizamini by'isukari mu maraso (Glucose): Ibi bikorwa kugira ngo harebwe niba diyabete ihari kandi ko iri mu nzira yo kuyigenzura.
- Ibizamini bya Enzyme mu maraso: Bifasha kureba niba hari ikintu nk'indwara y'umutima cyabayeho.
- Ibizamini byo Kubumba Amaraso: Reba uburyo amaraso abumba.
Si ibi gusa, serivisi z'abaganga b'indwara z'imitsi na zo ni ingenzi mu gihe cyo gutanga amaraso cyangwa gukura amaraso mu mubiri nk'uburyo bwo kuvura indwara zimwe na zimwe (urugero: indwara zitera ubutare bwinshi mu mubiri) (phlebotomy ivura).
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Umuganga w’indwara z’uruhu ni umuntu ukomeye mu itsinda ry’abaganga watojwe by’umwihariko gufata amaraso.
- Ntugatinye iyo ugiye gutanga amaraso. Bazagutuza kandi bagusobanurire uko bigenda mbere yo gufata amaraso. Baza ikibazo icyo ari cyo cyose ufite.
- Nywa amazi menshi kandi urye ifunguro ryiza mbere yo kujya gutanga amaraso. Ibi bishobora kugabanya ububabare bwawe.
- Nyuma yo gutanga amaraso, kurikiza amabwiriza yatanzwe n'umuganga w'indwara z'imitsi neza (nk'uko wambara igitambaro n'utundi dukoresho two guterura ibyuma).
- Aba bantu ni imwe mu ntambwe z'ingenzi cyane muganga wawe akeneye kugira ngo amenye neza indwara. Rero wubaha serivisi batanga.
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Ishyirireho intego ya calorie hanyuma ubare itariki yo kugabanya ibiro.