Gupima umutwe hakoreshejwe MRI? (Brain MRI) Ntutinye, reka tumenye byose kuri ibi!

Ese umaze igihe ujya kwa muganga kubera kubabara umutwe, isereri kenshi, cyangwa kwibagirwa bitunguranye? Muri icyo gihe, muganga ashobora kugusaba gukora 'MRI scan' kugira ngo amenye neza niba hari ikibazo mu mutwe wawe. Ushobora kumva ufite ubwoba kandi ukagira ubwoba iyo wumvise iri zina. Ni ibisanzwe ko ibibazo byinshi biza mu mutwe, nko "Bimeze bite? Bizababaza? Ese ngomba kujya mu mashini nini?" Ariko, nta mpamvu yo gutinya. Uyu munsi, tuzaganira kuri iyi MRI scan mu buryo bworoshye cyane, mu buryo ushobora gusobanukirwa.

Iyi MRI yo mu bwonko ni iki? Mu magambo make cyane...

MRI y'ubwonko (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) ni ikizamini cyihariye gishobora gufata amashusho asobanutse neza kandi arambuye y'imbere mu mutwe wacu, cyane cyane ubwonko. Nta bubabare uzumva muri iki gihe. Tekereza, ni nko gufata ifoto y'imbere mu mutwe wawe mu buryo bw'ibice bitatu (3D) ukoresheje kamera ikomeye cyane.

Iki kizamini gikoresha rukuruzi nini, imiraba ya radiyo, na mudasobwa. Ikintu cy'ingenzi kuri wewe hano ni uko kidakoresha imirasire iyo ari yo yose, nka X-rays cyangwa CT scans. Bityo rero, ni ikizamini cyizewe cyane. Dukurikije ikoranabuhanga ririho ubu, MRI scan ni cyo kizamini cyoroshye kandi gisobanutse neza cyo kumenya ibibazo biri mu bwonko.

Bisobanura iki rimwe na rimwe gukora MRI ifite 'contrast'?

Hari igihe, muganga wawe ashobora kukubwira "gukora MRI hamwe n'impinduka." Ntugatinye iyo ubyumvise. Ibi bivuze ko umuti muto uzaterwa mu mitsi iri mu kuboko kwawe mbere yo gupimwa. Ibi byitwa 'ibikoresho byo kunyuranya'. Akenshi, umuti urimo ikintu cyitwa `(gadolinium)` ukoreshwa kuri ibi.

None se kuki uyu muti utangwa? Mu magambo make, iyo uyu muti winjiye mu mubiri, ingirangingo zimwe na zimwe, imitsi y'amaraso, cyangwa ibibyimba birushaho kugaragara neza mu mashusho ya scan. Nk'uko kongera ibara ku ifoto y'umukara n'umweru bituma ibintu bimwe na bimwe birushaho kugaragara neza.

Zimwe mu nzira z'ingenzi zikoreshwa n'ubu buryo bwo gutandukanya ibintu ni izi:

• Suzuma niba hari ibibyimba.
• Reba niba hari kubyimba cyangwa ububyimbirwe ahantu hose ku mubiri.
• Reba uburyo amaraso atangwa mu ngingo zimwe na zimwe.
• Reba niba hari ikibazo kiri mu mitsi y'amaraso.

Iyi tandukaniro kandi ifasha mu gusuzuma indwara nka sclerosis nyinshi, stroke, dementia, n'indwara zandura.

Ushyiramo kanula nto (umurongo wa IV) mu kuboko kwawe kugira ngo utange uyu muti. Iyi ni imiti yizewe cyane. Nubwo hari abantu bashobora kugira ingaruka mbi, ingaruka zikomeye z'ubwivumbure ni gake cyane.

Ni iki mu by'ukuri gishobora gusuzumwa hakoreshejwe MRI yo mu bwonko?

MRI yo mu bwonko ishobora gutanga ishusho isobanutse y'ibintu byinshi biri mu bwonko. Muri byo harimo:

• Ubwonko bwawe
• Imitsi y'amaraso ihujwe n'ubwonko
• Agahanga kawe n'amagufwa yo mu maso
• Ibice byoroshye by'ugutwi imbere
• Ibice nk'amaso n'imitsi ifitanye isano n'amaso (imitsi y'amaso)
• Indi mitsi ikomeye mu mutwe (imitsi yo mu mutwe)
• Inyama zoroshye nk'ibinure n'imitsi ikikije umutwe

Uretse kugenzura niba ibi bintu ari ibisanzwe, bishobora no kumenya niba hari ikintu kidasanzwe mu bwonko cyangwa mu ngingo zibukikije. Reka tubisobanure neza mu mbonerahamwe iri hepfo.

Ni izihe mpamvu zituma muganga asaba ko umuntu akorerwa MRI?

Hari impamvu nyinshi zishobora gutuma inzobere mu ndwara z'imitsi cyangwa undi muganga ashobora gusaba ko ukorerwa MRI scan. Impamvu nyamukuru ni ukumenya neza icyateye ibimenyetso byawe. Ikoreshwa kandi mu kureba niba indwara yamaze gupimwa yaragenzuwe cyangwa yarushijeho kuba mbi.

Dore zimwe mu ndwara zishobora gupimwa cyangwa gukurikiranwa hakoreshejwe MRI:

• Amaraso apfundika mu bwonko
• Aneurysm yo mu bwonko
• Kuva amaraso mu bwonko
• Ubwandu bw'ubwonko (urugero: Encephalitis)
• Kwangirika k'ubwonko guterwa n'igicuri
• Ibibyimba byo mu bwonko n'ibisebe byo mu bwonko
• Indwara z'imitsi nka sclerosis nyinshi (MS)
• Indwara yo mu mutwe (Dementia)
• Hydrocephalus (amazi ku bwonko)
• Ibibazo by'imyanya y'ubwonko
• Igisebe cy'imitsi
• Ibibazo bijyanye n'iterambere ry'ubwonko cyangwa imiterere yabwo
• Ibikomere byo mu bwonko bikomeretsa (TBI)

Nanone, niba ukomeje kugira kimwe cyangwa byinshi muri ibi bikurikira, muganga wawe ashobora gusaba ko ukorerwa MRI:

• Migraine cyangwa umutwe udakira
• Indwara zo mu mutwe
• Kuzungera kenshi (Vertigo)
• Kubura amatwi nta mpamvu izwi
• Ubumuga bwo kutabona budashobora gusobanurwa no gupimwa amaso
• Kudahuza kw'imisemburo
• Impinduka zikomeye mu mitekerereze n'imyitwarire
• Gucika intege cyane n'umunaniro ukabije mu buryo butunguranye

Byongeye kandi, MRI scan zikoreshwa mu gutegura mbere y'igihe uburyo bwo kubagwa umutwe no gukurikirana gukira nyuma yo kubagwa.

Ni gute nakwitegura mbere yo gupimwa na MRI?

Iki ni igice cy'ingenzi cyane. Reka turebe imyiteguro ugomba gukora mugihe ugiye gupimwa na MRI.

Kenshi na kenshi, ushobora kurya, kunywa, no gufata imiti yawe bisanzwe mbere yo gupimwa. Ariko, niba muganga wawe cyangwa ibitaro biguhaye andi mabwiriza, ugomba kuyakurikiza nta kabuza.

Kubwibyo, ugomba kumenyesha abakozi ibi bikurikira mbere yo kujya gupimwa.

Byongeye kandi,

• Niba utwite ,
• Niba bikugora kwicara uhagaze, amaboko yawe agororotse mu gihe cy'iminota 30-60,
• Niba ufite ubwoba bw'ahantu hato kandi hafungiye (claustrophobia),

Menya neza ko wabibwiye umuganga n'umuhanga mu by'ubuvuzi mbere yo gupimwa. Ntugahangayike, hari ibisubizo. Urugero, umuntu ufite ikibazo cyo gutinya indwara yo mu mutwe ashobora guhabwa umuti muto wo kumufasha kuruhuka.

Ni iki kibaho mu gihe cyo gupima?

Noneho reka turebe intambwe ku yindi uko bigenda iyo ugiye gupimwa.

1. Ubwa mbere, uzasabwa kwambara umwenda wihariye wahawe n'ibitaro.

2. Hanyuma uzaryama ku buriri bufatanye na scanner.

3. Mu gihe uryamye, umutekinisiye azashyira igikoresho cyihariye (umutwe w'icyuma) ku mutwe wawe, nk'ingofero. Ntugahangayike, ntabwo kizaba gikomeye ku mutwe wawe. Bimwe muri ibi bikoresho bifite indorerwamo kugira ngo ubashe kubona urumuri ruturutse kuri mashini. Ibi bizafasha kugabanya kumva ufashwe.

4. Umutekinisiye azagushyira mu mashini ya MRI, akujyane ku buriri urimo. Akenshi, iyo ukora MRI yo mu mutwe, umubiri wawe wose ntujya muri mashini.

5. Iyo scan itangiye, uzumva amajwi menshi atandukanye yo gukanda no gukanda muri mashini. Ntugahangayikishwe n'iri jwi, ni uburyo mashini ikora. Bazaguha utumashini two gupfuka amatwi cyangwa utumashini two kurinda amatwi yawe. Hari igihe ushobora no kumva umuziki unyuze muri izo headphone.

6. Ni ingenzi cyane kuguma utuje kandi tudakora uko ushoboye kose mu gihe cyose cyo gupima. Nk'uko kugenda ufata ifoto bishobora gutuma ishusho idakora neza, kugenda nabyo bishobora gutuma amashusho ya MRI adakora neza.

7. Ni ibisanzwe kumva ubushyuhe gato ku mutwe wawe mu gihe cyo gupimwa. Ariko, niba utanyuzwe n'ibi, nyamuneka bwira abakozi.

8. Uhora ugenzurwa n'umukozi ushinzwe tekiniki. Arashobora kukubona no kuvugana nawe. Nanone, ufite akabuto ko guhamagara ku ntoki ushobora gukanda mu gihe cy'impanuka. Niba wumva hari ikibazo, kanda.

Iyi scan bifata igihe kingana iki? Ni ryari ibisubizo bizaboneka?

Gusuzuma MRI mu bwonko bisanzwe bifata hagati y'iminota 30 na 60. Bishobora gufata igihe kirekire kurushaho niba hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kugereranya. Muganga wawe azagusobanurira igihe nyacyo uzakorerwaho ubushakashatsi bwawe.

Nyuma yo gupima, umuganga w’indwara z’imirasire asesengura amashusho maze agakora raporo. Raporo yoherezwa kwa muganga ukuvura. Iyi raporo ikunze kuboneka mu munsi umwe cyangwa ibiri. Hanyuma umuganga azagusobanurira raporo mu buryo bworoshye.