Waiziva here zvinhu izvi nezvetsinga dzeropa dzinokosha (Carotid Arteries) dziri mumutsipa wako?

Nhasi tichataura nezvechikamu chakakosha kwazvo chemuviri wedu chatisingafungi zvakanyanya. Ndiyo mitsipa mikuru yeropa iri kumativi ese emutsipa wedu, semigwagwa miviri inomhanya ichikwira. Musainzi yezvekurapa, iyi inonzi carotid arteries . Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, iyi ndiyo mitsipa mikuru inotakura ropa rakachena, rine oxygen kuenda kuuropi hwedu, kumeso, uye kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzakapfava dzemutsipa . Zvakafanana nemapombi anotakura mvura kubva kumota yemvura kuenda kubindu. Kunyangwe kuvharika kudiki kana kuvharika mune izvi dzimwe nguva kunogona kukonzera matambudziko makuru kupfuura zvaungafungidzira. Saka, kuziva zvakawanda nezveizvi zvakadzama kuchakubatsira iwe nemhuri yako.

Mitsipa iyi yeropa iri kupi chaizvo? Inoitei?

Fungidzira, idzi tsinga dzeropa dzinotangira pamusoro pechipfuva chako, pasi pepanotanga mutsipa wako. Kubva ipapo, dzinofamba dzichikwira mumutsipa wako dzichipinda mudehenya rako. Kumativi ese emutsipa wako, kuruboshwe nekurudyi, kune iyi tsinga yeropa inowanzo shandiswa.

Kumusoro zvishoma, pakati pemutsipa, imwe neimwe yetsinga idzi dzinonzi carotid artery dzinopatsanuka kuita mamwe matavi maviri. Sezvinoita mugwagwa unopatsanuka kuita maviri. Tinoti kupatsanuka uku ndiko kupatsanuka kwe carotid . Matavi maviri anopatsanuka kubva ipapo ndeaya:

1. Mutsinga weCarotid wemukati: Iri ndiro bazi guru rinopa ropa zvakananga kuuropi hwedu . Rinoita basa rakakosha zvikuru.

2. Tsinga yeCarotid yekunze: Bazi iri rinopa ropa kuzvikamu zvechiso chedu, zvikamu zvekunze zvemutsipa, uye zvimwe zvikamu zvedehenya .

Mitsipa iyi yemukati neyekunze ye carotid inopararira mumatavi madiki akawanda anopa nhengo dzese nematishu ari mumusoro nemutsipa zvinovaka muviri zvavanoda, kureva ropa rine oxygen yakawanda. Zvakafanana nerwizi rukuru runotangira senhevedzano yemigero midiki, ichipa chikafu kunzvimbo yese.

Tsinga yeropa inonzi carotid artery inokosha zvikuru mutsinga yedu yeropa . Uropi hwedu hunoda okisijeni nguva dzose kuti hushande zvakanaka. Ndizvo zvimwe chetewo kune nhengo dzakapfava dziri kumeso nemutsipa. Zviri nani kana ropa iri rakanyatsoyerera zvakanaka uye risina kuvharwa. Zvisinei, kana chimwe chinhu chikavharika kana ropa rikagwamba mukati metsinga iyi, zvinogona kukonzera matambudziko makuru ehutano.

Ngatitaurei zvishoma nezve External Carotid Artery.

Tsinga ye carotid yekunze inotanga pa carotid bifurcation yataurwa pamusoro apa, apo tsinga ye carotid yakajairika inopatsanuka kuita maviri. Painofamba ichikwira mumutsipa, pedyo nenzeve, inopatsanuka kuita mamwe matavi maviri makuru. Aya ndiwo tsinga huru uye tsinga yepamusoro yenguva .

Iyi tsinga yeropa yekunze inoburitsa matavi madiki masere. Matavi aya anopa ropa kunzvimbo dzakawanda dzemutsipa wedu nechiso. Semuenzaniso:

• Bazi rinopa ropa kugland redu re thyroid (`Superior thyroid artery`)
• Bazi rinopa ropa mukati mehuro (`Ascending pharyngeal artery`)
• Bazi rinopa ropa kururimi rwedu ('Lingual artery')
• Bazi rinopa ropa kutsandanyama neganda rechiso ('Facial artery')
• Bazi rinopa ropa kumashure kwemusoro (`Occipital artery`)
• Bazi rinopa ropa kunzvimbo iri kuseri kwenzeve (`Posterior auricular artery`)

Nzvimbo dzakawanda dzakadai dzinopihwa ropa nemapazi anobva mutsinga iyi yekunze ye carotid.

Ngatidzidzeiwo nezveInternal Carotid Artery.

Uyu mumwe wevanhu vakakosha munyaya yedu. Mtsinga yemukati ye carotid inotangawo pa carotid bifurcation yofamba yakananga kumutsipa. Yobva yapinda mudehenya nepaburi riri pasi pedehenya. Buri iri rinonzi carotid canal . Uyu ndiwo muganho unoparadzanisa chikamu chekunze kwedehenya kubva kuchikamu chemukati medehenya.

Kana yapinda mudehenya, tsinga yemukati me carotid inotevera nzira inokombama, inokombama. Vanachiremba vanodana chikamu ichi chiri mukati medehenya kuti, chikamu che 'intracranial', nemamwe mazita. Semuenzaniso, kune zvikamu zvinomwe, zvakaita se 'C2: Petrous segment`, 'C3: Lacerum segment`, 'C4: Cavernous segment`. Vamwe vanachiremba vanoshandisawo mamwe maitiro ekupatsanura.

Asi, haufanirwe kuyeuka mazita ese aya nemusoro. Vanhu vazhinji havafanirwe kuziva mazita aya muhupenyu hwavo. Zvisinei, kana aneurysm ikaitika, vanachiremba vanoshandisa mazita aya kukuudza kuti iri kupi chaizvo. Ruzivo urwu runogona kukosha panguva dzakadai.

Tsinga yemukati me carotid inopa mamwe matavi akakosha mukati medehenya. Aya ndiwo anopa ropa kuuropi hwedu nemaziso . Makuru ndeaya:

• Tsinga yemaziso inopa ropa kuziso.
• Matavi akadai seAnterior Cerebral Artery neMiddle Cerebral Artery anopa ropa kunzvimbo dzakasiyana dzeuropi.

Ndezvipi zvirwere zvinogona kukonzerwa netsinga idzi dzeropa?

Kungofanana nepombi yemvura inogona kuvharika nengura nekufamba kwenguva, tsinga dzedu dzeropa dzinogonawo kuva nematambudziko akasiyana-siyana. Ngatitarisei kuti ndedzipi:

1. Chirwere cheCarotid Artery: Ichi chinonziwo Carotid Artery Stenosis . Stenosis zvinoreva "kutetepa". Izvi zvinonyanya kukonzerwa nemafuta akawanda necholesterol (atherosclerosis) zvinoumbwa pamadziro etsinga . Kuunganidzwa uku kunonzi plaque.Zvakafanana nekuvharika kwepombi yemvura. Ma plaque deposits aya anowanzo umbwa pedyo ne common carotid artery, uko inopatsanurwa kuita maviri ('Carotid Bifurcation'). Kana tsinga iyi yavharika, huwandu hweropa hunoenda kuuropi hunoderera. Uyewo, ma clots eropa anogona kuumbwa pamusoro pe plaque iyi, uye clot inogona kutyoka nekuvharira tsinga diki yeropa muuropi. Kana izvi zvikaitika, njodzi ye 'Transient Ischemic Attack' (TIA) , inova mamiriro akafanana ne mini-stroke, kana stroke yakakomba yakanyanya. Dzimwe nguva plaque inogona kuputika uye chidimbu chayo chinogona kutyoka nekuvharira tsinga yeropa muuropi.

2. Carotid Artery Aneurysm: Apa ndipo apo rusvingo rwe carotid artery runoshaya simba uye runobuda sebharumu. Kubuda uku (`Aneurysm`) kunogona kukura nekufamba kwenguva. Kugwamba kweropa kunogona kuumbwa mukati me aneurysm iyi, zvichivhara kuyerera kweropa kuenda kuuropi. Zvakare, kana rikanyanya kukura, rinogona kuputika (`Rupture`). Kana izvozvo zvikaitika, idambudziko.

3. Kutsemuka kweCarotid Artery: Uku kubvaruka kuri mukati memadziro etsinga. Kubvaruka uku kunogona kunonotsa kana kuvharira kufamba kweropa zvachose. Izvi zvinogonawo kukonzera zvirwere zvakakomba zvakaita sestroke.

4. Fibromuscular Dysplasia (FMD): Ichi chirwere chisingawanzoitiki. Chinokonzerwa nekusagadzikana kwemagadzirirwo emadziro etsinga dzeropa. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera kuti tsinga dzeropa dziite shoma, zvichiita kuti pave neaneurysms, kana kuti kutsemuka kwetsinga.

Tingaziva sei kana paine dambudziko netsinga idzi? (Zviratidzo nemiedzo)

Kazhinji, zvirwere izvi zve carotid artery hazviratidzi zviratidzo pakutanga . Dambudziko iri rinongoonekwa chete kana paine emergency yekurapa, senge `TIA` kana `Stroke`. Ndosaka zvichikosha kuziva izvi.

Ngwarira zvikuru nezvezviratidzo izvi!

Kana iwe kana mumwe munhu waunoziva akangoerekana aona chimwe chezviratidzo zviri pazasi, fonera 1990 (amburenzi) nekukasika, kana kuenda kuchipatara chiri pedyo . Izvi zvinogona kuva zviratidzo zvestroke, uye kurapwa nekukurumidza kunogona kuponesa hupenyu nekuderedza kuremara kwenguva refu.

• Kudonha kana kurasikirwa nehupenyu kune rumwe rutivi rwechiso.
• Kunzwa sekunge mashoko ako ari kuvhiringika paunenge uchitaura, kana kuti kusakwanisa kubatanidza mazwi zvakanaka.
• Kurasikirwa kamwe kamwe kana kusaona zvakanaka muziso rimwe chete kana ese ari maviri. Zvingaita sekunge jira dema riri kudonha pamberi pemaziso.
• Kushaya simba, kushaya simba, kana kunzwa sekuti muviri hauna simba kune rumwe rutivi rwemuviri (ruoko, gumbo, kana zvese zviri zviviri).
• Kurasikirwa nekunzwa kune rumwe rutivi rwemuviri.

Dzimwe nguva ungasakwanisa kukumbira rubatsiro kana zviratidzo izvi zvikaitika. Saka, zivisa mhuri yako neshamwari nezvezviratidzo izvi. Ipapo vanogona kuzviona vokurumidza kuita chimwe chinhu kana uchida rubatsiro.

Vanachiremba vanoongorora sei tsinga dzeropa (carotid arteries)?

Paunoenda kunoona chiremba, vanogona kuisa stethoscope pamutsipa wako vonzwa ruzha rweropa richiyerera nemutsinga. Dzimwe nguva, kana tsinga yacho yakavharwa, unogona kunzwa ruzha rwekuti "whoosh" ('carotid bruit'). Izvi zvinoratidza kuti pane kuvharika kweropa, zvichida nekuda kwe plaque deposits.

Kana ukanzwa ruzha rwakadaro, kana kana chiremba wako aine zvimwe zvikonzero zvekufungira, unogona kukumbirwa kuti uite mimwe miedzo, yakaita se:

• Carotid Ultrasound: Kuongororwa uku kunoshandisa mafungu eruzha kugadzira mufananidzo wemukati metsinga. Kunogona kuratidza kana paine kuvharika uye kuti kwakakomba sei.
• CT Scan (`Computed Tomography - CT Scan`): Izvi zvinogonawo kuburitsa mifananidzo yakadzama yetsinga dzeropa.
• Carotid Angiogram: Kuongororwa uku kunosanganisira kubaya dhayi chaiyo mutsinga uye kutora X-ray kuti uone kuti ropa riri kufamba sei.
• MRA (Magnetic Resonance Angiogram - MRA): Kuedza uku kunoshandisa magineti nemasaisai eredhiyo kugadzira mifananidzo yetsinga dzeropa.

Ndezvipi zvinoitwa pakurapa kuvharika kwetsinga idzi dzeropa?

Kana tsinga yako yeropa yakavharika, kune mishonga, kuvhiyiwa, uye mamwe marapirwo aripo. Chiremba wako ndiye achasarudza marapirwo akanakira iwe zvichienderana nemamiriro ako ezvinhu.

Mhando dzemishonga:

• Mishonga inorwisa maplatelet: Mienzaniso yeiyi mishonga yakaita seaspirin.
• Mishonga yeBP.
• Mishonga inoderedza cholesterol: Semishonga yestatin.

Kuvhiya nedzimwe nzira:

• Kuvhiyiwa kweCarotid Endarterectomy: Uku kuvhiyiwa kunovhura tsinga, kubvisa plaque yakaungana mukati, uye kunosona tsinga pamwe chete. Izvi zvinodzorera kuyerera kweropa.
• Carotid Angioplasty uye Stenting: Izvi zvinosanganisira kuisa chubhu diki mutsinga yakavharika, kuwedzera tsinga yacho nechinhu chakaita sebharumu, uye kuisa chinhu chidiki chakaita semesh (stent) kudzivirira kuti isavhare zvakare. Iyi inzira isinganyanyi kupindira pane kuvhiyiwa.

Tingachengetedza sei tsinga dzedu dzeropa dzakasimba?

Kuti tsinga idzi dzirambe dziine hutano hwakanaka, zvakakosha kutanga wadzora huwandu hwecholesterol mumuviri wako . Kana zvichidikanwa, chiremba achakunyorera mishonga.

Pamusoro pezvo, kuita shanduko idzi dziri nyore mumararamiro ako kunogona kubatsira kuchengetedza hurongwa hwako hwese hweropa, kusanganisira moyo wako, hune hutano:

• Kana uchisvuta, rega ipapo ipapo. Rega kusvuta fodya uye kushandisa zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvefodya. Bvunza rubatsiro kuna chiremba.
• Idya chikafu chine hutano pamoyo. Semuenzaniso , kudya kweMediterranean kwakanaka kwazvo. Idya miriwo yakawanda, michero, nyemba, chikafu chine fiber yakawanda, uye hove. Deredza mafuta, shuga, nemunyu.
• Edza kurovedza muviri kwemaminitsi makumi matatu pazuva. Zvisinei, zvakanaka kubvunza chiremba usati watanga kurovedza muviri.
• Ramba uine huremu hwakanaka hunoenderana nehurefu hwako.

Chii chandinofanira kubvunza chiremba wangu?

Paunoona chiremba, unogona kubvunzwa mibvunzo nezve carotid arteries yakaita seyiyi:

• Ndezvipi zvinhu zvinondiisa panjodzi yekurwara nechirwere chetsinga dzeropa (carotid artery disease)?
• Ndezvipi zvandingashandura mararamiro angu kuti ndichengetedze tsinga dzangu dzeropa dzakasimba?
• Ndinofanira here kuongororwa mifananidzo (senge scans) kuti ndione mamiriro etsinga dzeropa dzangu?
• Kana ndine dambudziko retsinga yeropa mutsinga yangu yeropa, ndinofanira kufunga nezvenzira dzipi dzekurapa?

Mharidzo Yekupedzisira Yekuenda Kumba

Saka, ikozvino wava kunzwisisa kukosha kwetsinga idzi dzeropa kumuviri wedu. Zvakakosha kuchengetedza tsinga idzi dzeropa dzakagwinya, dzinotakura ropa rine oxygen yakawanda kuenda kuuropi nedzimwe nzvimbo dzemusoro.

Yeuka kuti matambudziko mazhinji etsinga dzeropa haaonekwe pakutanga. Saka, kana uine zvinhu zvinogona kukonzera njodzi (senge cholesterol yakakwira, BP yakakwira, chirwere cheshuga, kusvuta, kana nhoroondo yemhuri yezvirwere izvi), zvakakosha kuti ugare uchiongororwa nachiremba.

Kuramba uine mararamiro ane hutano kunogona kubatsira kuchengetedza tsinga dzako, kwete tsinga dzako chete, dziine hutano. Kana uchida kuziva zvakawanda nezveizvi, usazeza kutaura nachiremba wemhuri yako. Iye anogona kukupa rumwe ruzivo.

Tsinga yeropa iri mumutsipa, ropa rinoenda kuuropi, sitiroko, atherosclerosis, TIA, aneurysm, chirwere checarotid, mararamiro ane hutano