Pamwe wakambonzwa nezve ' testosterone ' `( testosterone )`. Izwi rinowanzo batanidzwa nehupenyu hwemurume, simba, uye chitarisiko chemuviri. Zvisinei, iyi hormone inokosha haisi yevarume chete. Ngatitarisei kuti testosterone chii chaizvo, kuti inoshanda sei, uye kuti inobata sei muviri wako.
Chii Chinonzi Testosterone Chaizvo?
Kuti tinzwisise basa rayo, ngatitangei nepfungwa huru. Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, testosterone ihormone . Inonyanya kugadzirwa nemasero ako epabonde, anozivikanwawo se "gonads" dzako. Kunyanya, inogadzirwa muma " testicles " muvarume, uye muma "ovari " muvakadzi.
Pamusoro pezvo, ma "adrenal glands" ako anogadzira hormone inonzi dehydroepiandrosterone (Dehydroepiandrosterone - DHEA) ( kana kuti ...
Testosterone ndiyo androgen huru `(androgen)` . Androgen ihormone inokurudzira kukura kwehunhu hwevarume. Nekuda kweizvi, varume vane testosterone yakawanda kwazvo mumiviri yavo.
Testosterone iSteroid here?
Ungashamisika kuti, "Testosterone isteroid here?" Ehe, testosterone yechisikigo isteroid chaiyo - inonyanya kurongwa seanabolic-androgenic steroid '(anabolic-androgenic steroid)'. "Anabolic" '(Anabolic)' zvinoreva kuvaka tsandanyama, nepo "androgenic" '(androgenic)' zvichireva kukura kwehunhu hwechirume.
Zvisinei, kana vanhu vachiwanzotaura nezve "anabolic steroids" `(anabolic steroids)`, vanowanzotaura nezve testosterone yakagadzirwa (yakagadzirwa nevanhu) inogadzirwa murabhoritari. Izvi ndizvo zvinhu dzimwe nguva zvinobayiwa kana kutorwa zvisina kunaka.
Kubva pamaonero ekurapa, nyanzvi dzezvehutano dzinopa testosterone yakagadzirwa kuti irape uye igadzirise zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana. Semuenzaniso, ndiyo chinhu chikuru chinoshandiswa mukurapa mahormone `(Masculinizing Hormone therapy)`.
Zvinosuwisa kuti vamwe vatambi nevanovaka muviri vanoshandisa testosterone yakagadzirwa (anabolic steroids) zvakanyanya kuti vawedzere kushanda zvakanaka kana kuchinja chitarisiko chavo. Kushandiswa zvisina kunaka kwemhando iyi kunogona kukonzera migumisiro yakaipa. Nekufamba kwenguva, zvinogona kukonzera matambudziko ehutano ane njodzi akadai sekugwamba kweropa (blood clots)`, stroke` (stroke)`, uye zvinogona kuwedzera njodzi yekenza yeprostate`( prostate cancer)`. Kushandisa zvinhu izvi pasina kutarisirwa nachiremba kune njodzi huru uye hazvikurudzirwi.
Chii Chinoita Testosterone Mumuviri Wako?
Saka, chii chaizvo chinoita kuti testosterone `(Testosterone)` mumuviri wako? Mabasa ayo anochinja uye anochinjika pamatanho akasiyana ehupenyu hwako. Ngatitarisei kuti inoshanda sei panguva idzi dzakakosha:
- Kukura kwemwana asati aberekwa `(Kukura kwemwana asati aberekwa)`
- Kuyaruka kwevarume `(Kuyaruka kwevana vechirume)`
- Kukura `(Kukura)`
Basa reTestosterone mukukura kwemwana asati aberekwa
Sezvo mwana ari mudumbu achikura, jini rinotarisa bonde riri paY chromosome rinotanga kukura kwematestes '(matestis)' mumwana wechirume pamavhiki manomwe ekuzvitakura. Matestes aya anobva atanga kugadzira testosterone.
Munguva iyi yemwana ari mudumbu, testosterone ndiyo inonyanya kukonzera chirwere ichi.yekutungamira kukura kwenhengo dzekubereka dzemukati nedzekunze dzevarume.
Testosterone Munguva Yokuyaruka Kwevarume
Kana mukomana apinda muzera rekuyaruka, testosterone ndiyo inotungamira shanduko huru dzinoitika mumuviri. Izvi zvinosanganisira:
- Kukura nekukurumidza mukukwirira.
- Kukura kwebvudzi remuviri, rechiso, uye repanhengo dzepanhengo dzepamuviri.
- Kukura kwenhengo yemurume `(penis)`, machende `(testes)`, uye prostate gland `(prostate gland)`.
- Kuwedzera kwesimba rekuda bonde (libido) uye kuziva zvepabonde.
Testosterone muVarume Vakuru
Kana varume vakura, vanoda testosterone kuti vagadzire mbeu yemurume . Uyezve, inobatsira:
- Ratidza muviri wako kuti ugadzire masero matsvuku matsva eropa.
- Chengetedza mapfupa akasimba uye tsandanyama.
- Gadzirisa chido chebonde `(libido)` uye tsigira mamiriro ezvinhu akadzikama.
Testosterone muVakadzi Vakuru
Ungashamisika kuti, "Vakadzi vanodawo testosterone here?" Zvechokwadi. Muvakadzi, testosterone inoita basa rakakosha mukuchengetedza chido chebonde '(libido)'. Zvisinei, ruzhinji rwe testosterone inogadzirwa nemaovari '(maovari)' inoshandurwa kuita estradiol '(estradiol)' , inova ndiyo homoni huru yebonde yevakadzi.
Testosterone Level Yako Inodzorwa Sei?
Muviri wako unoita sei kuti mazinga e testosterone `(Testosterone)` muropa rako arambe achidzikamiswa? Inoenderana nehurongwa hwemukati hwemhinduro hwakaoma zvikuru. Kazhinji, mazinga e testosterone yako anonyanya kukwira mangwanani uye anodzikira zvishoma nezvishoma sezvo zuva richifambira mberi.
Huwandu hwe testosterone hunogadzirwa uye hunoburitswa ne gonads dzako `(gonads)`—machende ako `(machende)` kana maovari `(maovari)`—hunodzorwa nenzvimbo mbiri dzakakosha muuropi hwako: hypothalamus `(Hypothalamus)` uye pituitary gland `(Pituitary gland)`.
Heino nhanho nhanho yekutarisa mashandiro anoita maitiro aya:
1. Hypothalamus yako `(Hypothalamus)` inoburitsa gonadotropin-releasing hormone `(Gonadotropin-releasing hormone - GnRH)`.
2. Iyi `(GnRH)` inoratidza kuti pituitary gland yako `(Pituitary gland)` ibudise luteinizing hormone `(Luteinizing hormone - LH)`.
3. `(LH)` inofamba nemuropa rako ichienda kumagonads ako`(gonads)`, ichiakurudzira kugadzira nekuburitsa testosterone. (Mumazai evakadzi,`(LH)` inonyanya kukurudzira kugadzirwa kweestrogen`(estrogen)` uye progesterone`(progesterone)`.)
Sezvo huwandu hwe testosterone muropa rako huchikwira, hunopa chiratidzo ku hypothalamus kuti ideredze kuburitswa kwe `(GnRH)`. Iyi negative feedback loop inobatsira kuchengetedza testosterone yako iri mukati mehuwandu hwakanaka, ichishanda se thermostat inongoerekana yaitika .
Kana chimwe chikamu che loop iyi—hypothalamus `(Hypothalamus)`, pituitary gland `(Pituitary gland)`, kana gonads `(gonads)`—chisiri kushanda nemazvo, zvinogona kutungamira kumazinga asina kujairika e testosterone.
Miedzo ipi inoyera mazinga eTestosterone?
Kana chiremba wako achifungidzira kuti mazinga e testosterone yako (Testosterone)` ari kunze kwehuwandu hwakajairika, anogona kukurudzira kuongororwa ropa kamwe chete kana kupfuura, kusanganisira:
- Kuongororwa kweropa rose re testosterone `(Kuongororwa kweropa rose re testosterone)`: Izvi zvinowanzoitwa mangwanani kana mazinga e testosterone yako asvika padanho rayo repamusoro.
- Kuongororwa kweropa kwehomoni inokurudzira follicle `(homoni inokurudzira follicle - FSH)`.
- Kuongororwa kweropa kwehomoni yeLuteinizing `(homoni yeLuteinizing - LH)`.
Ndeapi Mazinga E testosterone Akajairika Nezera?
Ndeapi marudzi akajairika e testosterone `(Testosterone)`? Aya manhamba anoyerwa mu nanograms pa deciliter `(ng/dL)`.
Ndapota yeukaikuti zvinoonekwa se "zvakajairika" zvinogona kusiyana zvishoma zvichienderana nekuongororwa kweropa kwakaitwa uye laboratory `(laboratory)` inoongorora sampuro yako. Chiremba wako anogara achitsanangura zvawakawana zvichibva pane zvakatarwa nelaboratory yekuyedza. Kana uine zvinokunetsa nezvenhamba dzako, zvakanaka kuti uzvikurukure zvakananga nemupi wehutano hwako.
Heano mamwe mazano ekushandisa testosterone levels:
Mazinga eTestosterone akajairika evarume `(ng/dL)`:
- Mwedzi 0 kusvika ku5: 75 - 400
- Mwedzi 6 kusvika kumakore mapfumbamwe: Asingasviki makore manomwe
- Makore gumi kusvika gumi nerimwe: 7 - 130
- Makore 12 kusvika ku13: 7 - 800
- Makore gumi nemana: 7 - 1,200
- Makore 15 kusvika ku16: 100 - 1,200
- Makore 17 kusvika ku18: 300 - 1,200
- Makore gumi nemapfumbamwe zvichikwira: 240 – 950
Mazinga eTestosterone akajairika evakadzi `(ng/dL)`:
- Mwedzi 0 kusvika ku5: 20 - 80
- Mwedzi 6 kusvika kumakore mapfumbamwe: Asingasviki makore manomwe
- Makore gumi kusvika gumi nerimwe: 7 - 44
- Makore 12 kusvika ku16: 7 - 75
- Makore 17 kusvika ku18: 20 - 75
- Makore gumi nemapfumbamwe zvichikwira: 8 – 60
Ndapota cherechedzai: Nhamba idzi dzinongoreva zvakawanda. Kutaura nemupi wehutano hwako ndiyo nzira yakanakisisa yekunzwisisa zvinorehwa nemhinduro idzi kune yako yega nhoroondo yehutano.
Chii Chinokonzera Kuwanda Kwemazinga eTestosterone?
Zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana zvinogona kukonzera kuti muviri wako ugadzire testosterone yakawandisa (Testosterone)`. Heano mamwe ematambudziko anowanzoitika:
- Polycystic Ovary Syndrome `(Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome – PCOS)`: Uku kusarongeka kwemahormone kunowanzoitika kune vanhu vane maova. Maova acho anogadzira androgens yakawandisa `(androgens)`, kunyanya testosterone. Kusarongeka uku kunogona kukonzera zviratidzo zvakaita sekukura kwebvudzi risingadiwe, mapundu, uye kuenda kumwedzi kusingajairiki.
- Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia `(Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia – CAH)`: `(CAH)` iboka rezvirwere zvemajini `(genetic mutations)` zvinokonzeresa kushomeka kwemaenzymes akakosha `(maenzymes)` mumagland eadrenal. Maenzyme aya anodiwa kugadzira cortisol `(cortisol)`—hormone inobatsira muviri wako kupindura kushushikana. Pasina iwo, magland eadrenal anoburitsa mamwe mahormone akawandisa, kusanganisira testosterone.
- Matumbu emumazai kana machende `(Matumbu emumazai kana machende)`: Mamwe mabumbu emazai kana machende anogona kuburitsa huwandu hwakawanda hwe androgens `(androgen)`.
- Matumbu eAdrenal '(Adrenal bundu)': Kunyangwe zvisingawanzoitiki, mamwe matumbu ari muadrenal glands anogona kugadzira mahormone epabonde akawandisa, anosanganisira androgens (testosterone), estrogen '(estrogen)', kana zvese zviri zviviri.
Mhedzisiro ye testosterone yakakwira `(Testosterone)` pamuviri wako inosiyana zvakanyanya zvichienderana nebonde rawakapihwa pakuzvarwa kwako uye zera rako.
Testosterone Yakakwira muVarume
Muvarume vakuru, huwandu hwe testosterone hwakakwira hunowanzoitika muropa hahuwanzoitiki uye kazhinji hahuratidzi zviratidzo zvinoonekwa hwega.
Zvisinei, kana vakomana vadiki vaine testosterone yakakwira zvakanyanya, zvinogona kukonzera kuyaruka kwepakutanga (kusvika pakukura) `(kusvika pakukura)` , zvichireva kuti kuyaruka kunotanga vasati vasvitsa makore mapfumbamwe.
Testosterone Yakakwira muVakadzi
Muvana vechikadzi, huwandu hwakanyanya hwe testosterone hunogona kukonzera nhengo dzepabonde dzisinganyatsooneki, senge clitoris yakakura. Muvasikana vadiki, zvinogonawo kutungamira pakuyaruka (kutanga) `(kutanga)`, nekuyaruka kunotanga vasati vasvitsa makore masere.
Muvakadzi vakuru, testosterone yakakwira inowanzova chiratidzo chikuru chePolycystic Ovary Syndrome `(PCOS)` . Ichi chirwere chakajairika, chinobata kusvika ku15% yevakadzi vari pazera rekubereka.
`(PCOS)` inogona kutungamira kuzviratidzo zvakaita se:
- Mapundu akanyanya `(mapundu)`.
- Kukura kwebvudzi zvakanyanya pachiso nemuviri (chirwere chinozivikanwa se hirsutism `(hirsutism)`).
- Kuenda kumwedzi kusingawanzoitiki kana kunonoka kuenda kumwedzi `(Kuenda kumwedzi kusingawanzoitiki)`.
- Vhudzi rinoita serevarume kana kuti rinoita mhanza.
- Kudzika kwezwi.
Chii Chinoitika Kana Mazinga E testosterone Akaderera?
Ngatikurukurei zvinoitika kana huwandu hwe testosterone `(Testosterone)` hwadzikira pasi penguva yakatarwa . Kazhinji, testosterone yakaderera inokonzera zviratidzo zvinoonekwa kunyanya kuvarume, chirwere chinozivikanwa se hypogonadism yevarume `(hypogonadism yevarume)`.
Kune mapoka maviri makuru e hypogonadism yevarume (hypogonadism yevarume): yekare (inogona kuzvarwa nayo kana kuwanikwa) uye inotanga kunonoka.
Kusagonadism kwevarume vekare `(Classical male hypogonadism)` kunoitika kana chirwere chiripo, kukuvara, kana chirwere chikakanganisa machende`(machende)`, pituitary gland`(pituitary gland)`, kana hypothalamus`(hypothalamus)`. Izvi zvinogona kuva zvekuzvarwa nazvo (zviripo kubva pakuzvarwa, zvakaita seKlinefelter syndrome`(Klinefelter syndrome)` kana Kallmann syndrome`(Kallmann syndrome)`) kana kuwanikwa gare gare muhupenyu nekuda kwekukuvara, hutachiona, kana zvimwe zvirwere (zvakawanikwa).
Kunonoka kwevarume kunokonzera hypogonadism `(kunonoka kwevarume kunokonzera hypogonadism)` kunoitika nekuda kwekukwegura uye matambudziko ehutano ane chekuita nekukwegura, kunyanya kufuta `(kufuta)` uye chirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwechipiri `(chirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwechipiri)`. Chirwere ichi chinokanganisa varume vanosvika 2% vane makore anopfuura 40.
Zviratidzo zve testosterone yakaderera zvinoenderana nekuti kushomeka kwacho kunotanga riini.
Testosterone Yakaderera Munguva Yekukura Kwemwana Ari Mudumbu
Kushaikwa kwe testosterone `(Testosterone kushomeka)` panguva yekukura kwemwana asati aberekwa kunogona kudzivirira hunhu hwechirume kuti husaumbe zvakanaka. Muenzaniso mukuru weizvi iAndrogen Insensitivity Syndrome `(Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome - AIS)`, iyo inoitika kana mwana ari mudumbu remurume asingakwanise kupindura kune androgens `(androgens)` (mahormone echirume).
`(AIS)` inorongwa sechirwere chekukura kwepabonde `(kusagadzikana kwekusiyana kwepabonde)`. Inokanganisa kukura kwepabonde mudumbu uye panguva yekuyaruka. Nekuda kweizvozvo, nhengo dzechirume dzekubereka dzinogona kusakura zvizere, uye vanhu vanowanzo kanganiswa nekusabereka `(kusabereka)` muhukuru.
Testosterone Yakaderera Munguva Yekuyaruka
Kana mukomana akashaya testosterone `(Testosterone deficiency)` panguva yekuyaruka, zvinogona kunonoka kana kukanganisa kukura kwemwana, zvichikonzera:
- Kukura zvishoma nezvishoma, kunyange hazvo maoko nemakumbo zvingareba zvisina kuenzana kana tichienzanisa nehunde.
- Vhudzi repanhengo yemurume neremuviri diki kana kuti risipo.
- Kukura kushoma kwenhengo yemurume `(penis)` uye machende `(machende)`.
- Kukundikana kwenzwi kudzika.
- Simba remuviri rakaderera uye simba remuviri zvichienzaniswa nevezera rako.
Testosterone Yakaderera muVarume Vakuru
Kunyange zvazvo kudzikira zvishoma nezvishoma kwe testosterone `(Testosterone)` kuri chinhu chepanyama chekukwegura, kudzikira kukuru kwekukura kunogona kukonzera zviratidzo zvinoonekwa, zvinosanganisira:
- Kurasikirwa kwetsandanyama kusingatsananguriki uye kuwedzera kwemafuta mumuviri.
- Kurasikirwa nebvudzi remuviri nerechiso.
- Kushungurudzika `(Kushungurudzika)` kana kushatirwa.
- Kusashanda zvakanaka kwenhengo dzesikarudzi `(Kusashanda zvakanaka kwenhengo dzesikarudzi)`.
- Chido chebonde chidiki `(Chido chebonde chidiki)`.
- Mapfupa akatetepa kana kuti akapfava, anozivikanwa se "osteoporosis" (Osteoporosis).
- Kuomerwa nekutarisa kana kuchinja ndangariro.
Ndirini Paunofanira Kubvunza Chiremba NezveMazinga Ako eTestosterone?
Kana ukaona chero zviratidzo zve testosterone yakakwira kana yakaderera (Testosterone) mauri, zvinokurudzirwa kuti utaure nachiremba wako . Vanogona kukuitira bvunzo dzakakodzera dzekuongorora kana kukutumira kuna nyanzvi (nyanzvi) (nyanzvi), senge endocrinologist, kuti akubatsire kuwana mhinduro.
Testosterone inokosha pakugara zvakanaka kwako uye hutano hwekubereka. Kunyange zvazvo zviri zvechisikigo kuti huwandu hwemahormone ako huchinje nekukura, kusagadzikana kunogara kuripo kunogona kukonzera zviratidzo zvisingafadzi uye kukanganisa hupenyu hwako. Mashoko akanaka ndeekuti kune mishonga inoshanda zvikuru inobatsira kudzoreredza kuenzana.
Zvinhu Zvikuru: Zvaunofanira Kuyeuka
Ngatipfupisei pfungwa dzakakosha nezve testosterone dzaunofanira kurangarira:
- Testosterone (Testosterone) ihormone inokosha kuvarume nevakadzi. Zvisinei, inowanikwa mumazinga akakwirira kwazvo kuvarume uye inokosha pahunhu hwemuviri hwevarume.
- Isteroid `(steroid)` inowanikwa mumuviri wako. Zvisinei, kushandisa zvisirizvo maanabolic steroid ekugadzira kuvandudza mashandiro kune njodzi uye kune njodzi huru kuhutano.
- Kuwanda kwe testosterone uye kuderera kwe testosterone kunogona kukonzera matambudziko ehutano. Kuziva chikonzero chacho nerubatsiro rwachiremba ndicho chinhu chakakosha pakuwana kurapwa kwakakodzera.
- Kana uchifungidzira kuti une kusarongeka kwemahormone kana kuti uri kuona zviratidzo zvisingawanzoitiki, usazeza kana kunyara kutaura nenyanzvi yehutano. Chiremba wako aripo kuti akubatsire, uye kutsvaga rubatsiro rwechiremba ndiyo danho rakanakisisa raunogona kutora.
Yeuka, kuisa hutano hwako pakutanga chiratidzo chekusimba. Usambozeza kutaura nachiremba wehutano pese paunenge uine mibvunzo kana zvinokunetsa nezvemuviri wako.
Matagi: Testosterone, Mahormone, Hutano hweVarume, Hutano hweVakadzi, Kuyaruka, Mahormone eBonde, Hypogonadism
