Chii chaunoziva nezvenzvimbo iyi inoshamisa iri muchipfuva (mediastinum)? Ngatikurukurei zvakadzama!

Wakambozvibvunza here kuti mwoyo wako netsinga huru dzeropa zvinochengetwa sei zvakachengeteka uye zvakanaka mukati mechipfuva chako? Mediastinum inzvimbo inokosha inobatsira kuchengetedza chipfuva, seimba. Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, inzvimbo yakakosha zvikuru muchipfuva chedu, pakati pemapapu maviri. Ngatitaurei nezvazvo zvakadzama nhasi.

Chii chinonzi Mediastinum?

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, mediastinum yako inzvimbo iri mukati mechipfuva chako. Ine moyo wako nezvimwe zvinhu zvakakosha. Mhuno yechipfuva chako, kana kuti mhuno yechipfuva, inoumbwa nezvikamu zvitatu zvikuru. Zvimwe zvikamu zviviri imhano yekuruboshwe yepleural, ine mapapu ako ekuruboshwe, uye mhuno yerudyi yepleural, ine mapapu ako erudyi. Nzvimbo iri pakati pemhuno mbiri idzodzo dzepleural ndiyo yatinodaidza kuti mediastinum. Inzvimbo yakakosha zvikuru, handiti?

Ndezvipi zvimiro zviri mu mediastinum?

Kune maumbirwo akasiyana-siyana mukati me mediastinum yako, kusanganisira nhengo dzemuviri netsinga dzeropa. Ngationei kuti chii.

Nhengo dziri mu mediastinum:

• Gurokuro : Paunodya, chikafu chinofamba kubva pahuro kuenda mudumbu kuburikidza negurokuro, kana kuti pombi yechikafu sezvatinochidana. Chinofambawo kuburikidza neiyi mediastinum.
• Mwoyo : Mwoyo, unopomba ropa mumuviri wedu wese, uri pakati pe mediastinum iyi. Waizviziva here kuti kune chifukidziro chakaita sebhegi rekudzivirira rakakomberedza mwoyo, chinonzi pericardium ?
• Thymus: Iyi igland inobatsira masoja edu ekudzivirira muviri. Inonyanya kushanda patinenge tiri vadiki, kureva kuti, tisati tasvika pakukura. Iri panzvimbo yepamusoro, pamberi pe mediastinum.
• Trachea : Paipi yemhepo, kana kuti bronchi, inotibatsira kufema iri pamberi pegurokuro. Inomhanya kubva pasi pemutsipa ichienda muchipfuva, yobva yapatsanuka kuita maviri yoenda kurutivi rumwe nerumwe rwemapapu.

Mitsipa yeropa iri mu mediastinum:

• Tsinga yekuruboshwe yebrachiocephalic : Iyi tsinga inobatsira kudzosa ropa kubva kuruboshwe rwemuviri wedu wepamusoro kumoyo. Yakabatana zvakananga netsinga huru inonzi superior vena cava.
• Vena cava yepamusoro:Iyi itsinga huru inotakura ropa kubva kumuviri wepamusoro kuenda kumoyo. Yakabatana zvakananga neatrium yekurudyi, kamuri repamusoro rekurudyi remoyo.
• Mutsinga weropa: Mutsinga uyu weropa unobatanidza ne ventricle yekurudyi yemoyo panzvimbo inonzi pulmonary valve. Mushure mekubuda mumoyo, unopatsanuka kuita tsinga dzeropa dzekurudyi nedzekuruboshwe, uchitakura ropa kuenda kumapapu kuti rigamuchire okisijeni.
• Mhepo ine ropa rakakora : Mhepo huru mumuviri wedu iaorta . Ndiyo inotakura ropa rine mweya kuenda kunhengo dzese dzemuviri. Inobatanidza ne ventricle yekuruboshwe yemoyo pavharuvhu yeaorta. Kubva ipapo, inofamba nepachipfuva nepadumbu. Chikamu chinopinda nepachipfuva, thoracic aorta, chiri mu mediastinum. Inewo zvikamu, semuenzaniso, aorta inokwira, aorta yeaorta, uye aorta inodzika yechipfuva.

Zvimwe zvivako zviri mu mediastinum:

Kuwedzera kune zvinhu zvikuru izvi, kune zvimwe zvinhu munzvimbo iyi:

• Nyama dzine mafuta uye dzinobatana
• Manodhi elymph
• Tsinga
• Mugero wechipfuva
• Muzongoza wechipfuva (chikamu chemuzongoza chine chekuita nechipfuva)

Ndeapi mabasa e mediastinum?

Zvakanaka, saka chii chinoitika kune iyi mediastinum? Chii chinorehwa neizvi?

• Semusha wemwoyo netsinga huru dzeropa: Inoshanda senzvimbo yakachengeteka, yakagadzikana yetsinga huru dzeropa dzakabatana zvakananga nemoyo uye dzinotakura ropa richipinda nekubuda, pamwe nemwoyo.
• Dziviriro: Thymus inodzivirira nhengo dzinokosha dzakadai semwoyo. Nyama ine mafuta nenyama inobatanidzwa mu mediastinum zvinoshanda sechitsigiro chakakomberedza nhengo idzi. Pamusoro pezvo, sternum, kana kuti 'pfupa repakati pechipfuva ', riri pamberi pechipfuva chedu, rinopa dziviriro yakawanda kunzvimbo iyi inokosha.
• Inoshanda senzira yekupinda: Funga nezvayo sechiteshi chechitima chakakosha . Mediastinum inoshanda senzira yezvinhu (zvakaita sechikafu nekufema) kuti zvifambe zvichidzokera shure pakati pemutsipa nechipfuva, uye pakati pechipfuva nedumbu. Semuenzaniso, gumbo rinotakura chikafu nechinwiwa kubva pahuro kuenda mudumbu kuburikidza ne mediastinum iyi.

Mediastinum iri kupi?

Iye zvino wava kuziva chaizvo kuti mediastinum iri kupi. Iri pakati pechipfuva, pakati pemapapu maviri.Izwi rechiLatini rekuti "mediastinum" rinoreva "pakati". Miganhu yaro ndeiyi inotevera:

• Muganhu wepamusoro: Panotanga mutsipa, ndiko kuti, pasi pemutsipa.
• Muganho wakaderera: Diaphragm. Iyi ndiyo tsandanyama huru inoparadzanisa chipfuva nedumbu.
• Muganho wepamberi: Chipfupa chepakati chechipfuva, kana kuti sternum.
• Muganhu wekumashure: musana.
• Miganhu yemativi: Masaga epleural akakomberedza mapapu ekuruboshwe nerudyi.

Ndezvipi zvikamu zve mediastinum?

Iye zvino ngatitarisei kuti zvikamu zve mediastinum iyi chii. Yakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana. Vanachiremba vanoti izvi 'zvikamu'. Kune nzira dzakawanda dzekuisa izvi muzvikamu. Chinhu chikuru chaunofanira kuyeuka ndechekuti mediastinum inogona kukamurwa kuita zvikamu zvitatu kana zvina. Uye mazita iwayo anoreva kuti zvikamu izvozvo zvechipfuva zviri kupi.

Kurongwa kwezvikamu zvina zvechinyakare

Zvichienderana nehurongwa hwekare, hwechinyakare, mediastinum yakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zvina:

• Mediastinum yepamusoro: Chikamu chepamusoro. Pamusoro pemoyo.
• Anterior mediastinum: Nzvimbo iri pamberi pemoyo. Pakati pemoyo nesternum.
• Pakati pe mediastinum: Chikamu chine moyo.
• Posterior mediastinum: Chikamu chiri shure kwemoyo.

Kupatsanurwa uku kwakavakirwa pamifananidzo yeX-ray. Saka, inotarisa moyo muzvikamu zviviri (2D).

Kurongwa kwezvikamu zvitatu zveITMIG

Sangano reInternational Thymic Malignancy Interest Group (ITMIG) rakaunza hurongwa hutsva uhwu hune zvikamu zvitatu. Hwakavakirwa pamifananidzo yezvikamu zvakasiyana (CT scans) uye ipfungwa yemoyo ine zvikamu zvitatu (3D). Sekureva kwehurongwa uhwu, mediastinum yakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zvitatu: 1. Chikamu chePrevascular: Ichi chiri pamberi pemoyo, pakati pemoyo nepfupa rechipfuva. Chine:

• Mafuta
• Tsinga ye brachiocephalic yekuruboshwe
• Manodhi elymph
• Thymus

2. Chikamu chemukati memoyo: Ichi chikamu chepakati, pane moyo. Chii chiri mukati mawo:

• Gurokuro (chikamu charo)
• Mwoyo
• Manodhi elymph
• Hunde yemapapu
• Superior vena cava
• Mwoyo wechipfuva
• Mugero wechipfuva
• Trachea (chikamu chayo)

3. Chikamu che paravertebral:Iri riri seri kwemoyo, pakati pemoyo nemusana. Rine:

• Matavi akapfava eparavertebral
• Muzongoza wechipfuva

Yeukai, mediastinum haisi nzvimbo yakati sandara, inzvimbo ine mativi matatu (3D). Yakafanana nediorama yaunovaka mukati mebhokisi diki. Zvinhu zviri mukati zvakarongwa nenzira yakarongeka kuti zvibatsire miviri yedu kushanda zvakanaka. Zvisinei, zvimwe zvirwere zvinogona kukanganisa nhengo nenyama dziri mumediastinum, uye kuenzana uku kunogona kukanganiswa.

Ndezvipi zvirwere zvinowanzoitika zvinokanganisa mediastinum?

Matambudziko akasiyana-siyana anogona kukanganisa nhengo nematishu ari mu mediastinum. Mamwe acho anotangira mu mediastinum pachayo, akadai semapundu ekutanga kana ma cysts azere nemvura. Dzimwe nguva, chirwere, chakadai sekenza, chinogona kupararira kuenda ku mediastinum kubva kune imwe nzvimbo mumuviri. Utachiona hwesystemic hunokanganisa muviri wese hunogonawo kukanganisa mediastinum. Mamwe ematambudziko anogona kukanganisa mediastinum anosanganisira:

• Kutsemuka kwetsinga yeropa
• Tamponade yemwoyo
• Kenza yemudumbu
• Goiter
• Chirwere chemwoyo
• Lymphoma ( kenza ye lymphatic system)
• Matumbu epakati pemukati me ...
• Mediastinitis ( kuzvimba kana hutachiona hwe mediastinum)
• Myasthenia gravis (chirwere chekushaya simba kwetsandanyama)
• Aneurysm yechipfuva (kubuda kwechikamu chechipfuva cheaorta)

Zvirwere izvi zvine zviratidzo zvakasiyana uye marapirwo akasiyana. Kana usina chokwadi nezvechirwere, zvakanaka kutaura nachiremba wako kuti uzive zvakawanda nezvacho.

Chii chinonzi Widened Mediastinum?

Ungave wakambonzwa vanachiremba dzimwe nguva vachiti mediastinum "inowedzerwa" mushure mekuongororwa kweX-ray. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kana ukaiona kubva kumashure kuenda kumberi (anteroposterior view) paX-ray, inokura kupfuura zvakajairika, kazhinji neanopfuura masendimita masere. Ichi chiratidzo chekiriniki chinoonekwa nachiremba, kwete chirwere . Mediastinum yakafara inogona kuratidza zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana. Semuenzaniso:

• Kutsemuka kwetsinga yeropa
• Kutyoka kwembabvu kana mutsipa (musana)
• Tamponade yemwoyo
• Bundu repakati pestinal
• Mediastinitis
• Aneurysm yechipfuva cheaorta

Ndedzipi bvunzo dzinoitwa kuti paonekwe hutano hwe mediastinum?

Chiremba wako anogona kushandisa bvunzo dzakadai kuti aongorore mediastinum:

• X-ray yechipfuva
• Kuongororwa kweCT (CT scan)
• Kuongororwa kweMRI (Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan)
• Mediastinoscopy ( kuiswa kwekamera diki)
• Kuongororwa kweUltrasound

Chiremba wako anogona kukukurudzira kuti uedze bvunzo idzi kuti dzikubatsire kuwana chikonzero chezviratidzo zvako kana kuti dziongorore chirwere chatoonekwa kare. Iva nechokwadi chekutaura nachiremba wako nezve bvunzo dzaunoda, chikonzero chaunoda, uye kuti ungadzigadzirira sei.

Ndingachengetedza sei mediastinum yangu iine hutano?

Nekutevera mararamiro ane hutano, unogona kuzvidzivirira kubva kuzvirwere zvakawanda zvinokanganisa mediastinum. Heano mamwe matipi ari nyore ekukubatsira:

• Dzivisa kusvuta nezvimwe zvigadzirwa zvefodya. Tsvaga mazano nerutsigiro kubva kuna chiremba wako kuti akubatsire kurega kusvuta.
• Idya chikafu chine hutano pamoyo. Idya miriwo yakawanda, michero, nyemba, uye zviyo zvakakwana. Deredza mafuta, munyu, uye shuga.
• Rovedza muviri nguva dzose. Zvakanaka kutaura nachiremba wako usati watanga chirongwa chitsva chekurovedza muviri.
• Deredza kana kurega zvachose kushandisa doro .
• Tora mishonga yawakanyorerwa panguva chaiyo uye nemazvo.
• Enda kunoongororwa nachiremba gore rega rega . Nenzira iyi, kana paine dambudziko, rinogona kuonekwa nekukurumidza.

Pakupedzisira, zvekurangarira (Mharidzo Yekuenda Kumba)

Saka, ndinovimba kuti ikozvino wava nepfungwa yakanaka yekuti mediastinum chii, ine chii, uye kukosha kwayo.

Mediastinum inzvimbo inokosha zvikuru muchipfuva chedu, pakati pemapapu, inochengetedza nekuchengetedza moyo nezvimwe zvinhu zvakawanda zvakakosha. Kazhinji, tinofunga nezvenhengo huru dziri mukati mayo, dzakadai semoyo, asi tinogona kukanganwa nezvenzvimbo iyi inonzi mediastinum.

Zvisinei, zvinogona kukosha kuziva maumbirwo e mediastinum uye mazwi anoshandiswa navanachiremba, kunyanya kana iwe kana mumwe munhu ari pedyo newe akaonekwa aine chirwere ichi. Kana uine mimwe mibvunzo nezve mediastinum kana kuti inokanganisa sei hutano hwako, usazeza kutaura nachiremba wako. Vachafara kukutsanangurira zvese zvaunoda kuziva.