Wakambozvibvunza here kuti basa rakawanda sei rinoitwa mumuviri wako, usingatombozvizivi? Funga nezvazvo, moyo wako uchirova, kufema kwako, kurangarira kwako chiso chawakaona, kufambisa maoko ako nemakumbo ako... Zvese izvi hazviitiki pasina. Kuseri kwezvose izvi kune tumakemikoro tudiki. Nhasi, tichataura nezveimwe yetumakemikari tunokosha kwazvo mumiviri yedu. Zita rayo ndiacetylcholine, kana kuti (ACh) muchidimbu.
Saka acetylcholine (ACh) iyi ndiani?
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, acetylcholine (ACh) imhando yekemikari inonzi neurotransmitter. Funga nezvayo sekubatana kwefoni pakati pehuropi hwedu nemuviri wedu wese. Saka izvi (neurotransmitters) zvakaita se'nhume' dzinotakura mameseji dzichidzokera nekudzoka kuburikidza nekubatana ikoko.
Acetylcholine ineurotransmitter inokonzera kufemera. Izvi zvinoreva kuti mutumwa uyu anoenda kune imwe tsinga yeropa obva "aimutsa," "ainoikurudzira zvakanaka," achiti, "Zvakanaka, ikozvino yava nguva yako, endesa meseji iyi mberi."
Zita rayo rinobva pazvinhu zviviri zvayakagadzirwa nazvo. Iboka reacetyl uye chinhu chinovaka muviri chinonzi choline. Tinogona kuwana choline iyi kubva muchikafu. Inowanikwa muzvinhu zvakaita semazai, soya, uye miriwo nenzungu. Inogadzirwawo nechiropa chedu.
Acetylcholine inoita mabasa akawanda akakosha mumuviri wedu. Inonyanya kukosha pakufamba kwetsandanyama nekuzvidira . Inoitawo basa guru mumabasa ehuropi akadai sekurangarira, kufunga, uye kudzidza zvinhu zvitsva .
Izvi zvinoumbwa sei mukati memiviri yedu?
Tine enzyme mumiviri yedu inonzi 'choline acetyltransferase'. Funga nezvazvo semubiki. Iyi enzyme ndiyo inosanganisa choline yambotaurwa nezvayo neboka reacetyl kugadzira acetylcholine inonaka (ACh). Maitiro aya anoitika kumagumo emasero edu etsinga.
Zvakanaka, ngationei kuti meseji iyi inofamba sei.
Mushure mekunge acetylcholine (ACh) yagadzirwa, inochengetwa pamucheto wesero retsinga, semurwi wematsamba mupositi office. Iyi ACh yakachengetwa inoburitswa kana meseji yasvika kubva kuuropi.
Zvadaro ACh iyi inosvetukira mumukana mudiki uri pakati pemasero maviri etsinga. Mukana uyu unonzi synaptic cleft. Funga nezvawo semashoko ari kusvetukira pamusoro perwizi.
Sero retsinga riri pedyo naro rine nzvimbo dzakakosha dzekubata iyi ACh iri kuuya. Kutaura chokwadi, yakaita sekiyi inokodzera kiyi. Tinodaidza kuti mareceptor aya. Kune mhando mbiri huru dzemareceptor eacetylcholine:
1. Zvigamuchidzo zveNicotinic
2. Zvigamuchidzo zveMuscarinic
Kana kiyi yeACh yakabatana kune imwe yemakiyi maviri aya eIbi, meseji yacho inopfuudzwa kune imwe sero. Nenzira iyi, meseji inopfuura kubva kune imwe sero kuenda kune imwe uye inosvika panzvimbo yakakodzera (semuenzaniso, tsandanyama).
Kana meseji yatumirwa, pane mumwe munhu anobvisa ACh yasara mugomba iroro. Iyoyo ienzyme inonzi 'acetylcholinesterase.' Izvi zvinoitwa nekuputsa ACh yasara woidzosera kuita zvikamu zvitsva zvachose . Zvadaro zvikamu izvozvo zvinogona kushandiswa zvakare kugadzira ACh itsva. Zvakafanana nekuchenesa mugwagwa mushure mekunge meseji yatumirwa wobvumira meseji inotevera kuti ipinde.
Ndezvipi zvinhu zvikuru zvinoitwa neacetylcholine (ACh) kumiviri yedu?
Acetylcholine (ACh) ine mabasa akasiyana-siyana. Basa rayo rinosiyana zvichienderana nereceptor yainobata nayo. Ngatitarisei mabasa ayo makuru.
| Rudzi rweReceptor | Basa Guru |
|---|---|
| Kana zvakabatana ne muscarinic receptors |
|
| Kana yakabatana ne nicotinic receptors |
|
Mhando dzese dziri mbiri dzemareceptor dzinobatanidzwa mune zvese kubva pakuchengetedza ndangariro dzedu, kusvika pakuumba ndangariro itsva, kudzichengeta, uye kudziyeuka . Dzinokoshawo zvikuru muuropi, kuti titeerere, tide kudzidza, uye kuti tirarame kusvika pakurara kweREM (Rapid Eye Movement).
Ndezvipi zvirwere zvinogona kuitika kana izvi zvikaderedzwa?
Kudzikira kwehuwandu hweacetylcholine (ACh) mumuviri wedu kunogona kukonzera zvirwere zvakawanda zvakakomba. Zvikuru ndeizvi:
- Chirwere cheAlzheimer: Ichi chirwere chinonyanya kukanganisa ndangariro. Zvakaonekwa kuti vanhu vane chirwere cheAlzheimer vane acetylcholine yakaderera muuropi.
- Myasthenia gravis: Ichi chirwere chinokonzerwa ne autoimmune. Izvi zvinoreva kuti masoja emuviri wedu anoshanda nesimba kutirwisa. Chinoitika pano ndechekuti masoja edu ekudzivirira muviri anoenda kunokuvadza acetylcholine receptors (ACh) mutsandanyama. Ipapo ACh haigone kutumira meseji, saka tsandanyama dzinopera simba zvishoma nezvishoma.
- Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome: Izvi zvinokonzerawo kushaya simba kwetsandanyama. Asi chikonzero chacho chakasiyana. Chinoitika pano ndechekuti masero etsinga haaburitse ACh yakakwana.
Zvimwe zvinhu zvinokanganisa acetylcholine (ACh)
Zvinosuwisa kuti vamwe vakashandisa ruzivo rwekuti acetylcholine inoshanda sei kukuvadza vanhu.
Semuenzaniso, magasi etsinga akaita sesarin nezvimwe zvinouraya zvipembenene zvinoshanda nekumisa enzyme inobvisa tsvina inonzi acetylcholinesterase yatakambotaura nezvayo. Izvi zvinobvumira ACh kuungana, zvichiita kuti tsandanyama dziome uye kutokonzera rufu.
Uyewo, kana ikadyiwa, chepfu yeblack widow spider inokonzera kuti huwandu hweACh hukwire zvakanyanya. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera kusungwa kwetsandanyama zvakanyanya, kugwinha, uye kuoma mitezo, uye kutofa.
Kana paine dambudziko rakadai sekunge munhu abatwa nemuchetura, chinhu chakanakisa chekuita ndechekuenda nekukurumidza kuchipatara chiri pedyo cheEmergency Treatment Unit (ETU) . Kana zvichidikanwa, vanachiremba vachabata National Poisons Information Centre paColombo National Hospital kuti vapihwe mazano.
Pane mishonga here inotarisa izvi?
Ehe. Mishonga inoshandiswa kurwisa acetylcholine inoshandiswa kurapa mamwe matambudziko ehutano.
Rudzi rukuru rwemishonga inonzi 'cholinesterase inhibitors'. Mishonga iyi inoshanda nekuvharira enzyme inoputsa ACh. Izvi zvinobvumira ACh kuti igare munzvimbo iri pakati pemasero etsinga kwenguva yakareba, zvichiwedzera kushanda kwayo. Mishonga iyi (semuenzaniso donepezil, rivastigmine) inoshandiswa kurapa zvirwere zvine huwandu hwakaderera hweACh, zvakaita sechirwere cheAlzheimer ne myasthenia gravis .
Mumwe muenzaniso iBotulinum toxin , kana kuti sezvatinozviziva tese, 'Botox'. Inoshanda nekudzivirira kuburitswa kweACh kubva mutsinga. Izvi zvinoita kuti tsandanyama dzisununguke pane kudzika. Inoshandiswa pakugadzira ganda (kuderedza makwinya) uye kurapa zvirwere zvakaita semigraine.
Tinogona kunwa mushonga uyu uri muchimiro chemapiritsi here? Tinogona kuuwana kubva muchikafu here?
Acetylcholine (ACh) pachayo haigone kutorwa sepiritsi. Zvisinei, chinhu chinovaka muviri chinobatsira pakugadzira, choline, chinogona kutorwa sekuwedzera. Zvimwe zvekudya zvinovaka muviri, zvakaita seGinkgo biloba, zvinotendwawo kuti zvinokanganisa huwandu hweACh.
Asi hechino chimwe chinhu chaunofanira kuyeuka . Usamboshandisa mishonga yekuwedzera usati watanga wabvunza chiremba wako kana wemishonga . Inogona kukanganisa mimwe mishonga yauri kutora, kana kuti inogona kukukuvadza.
Asi tinogona kuwana choline kubva muchikafu. Zvimwe zvezvikafu zvikuru zvirimo ndeizvi:
- Chiropa chemombe
- Mazai
- Nyama yemombe
- Soya, nyemba
- Huku
- Hove dzemugungwa
- Quinoa
- Howa, broccoli
- Mukaka
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Acetylcholine (ACh) chinhu chakakosha chinopa simba remakemikari chinodzora mabasa akakosha akadai sekuyeuka kwedu, kufamba kwetsandanyama, uye kurova kwemoyo.
- Kuderera kweizvi kunogona kukonzera zvirwere zvakakomba zvakaita sechirwere cheAlzheimer uye myasthenia gravis.
- Kudya chikafu chakakwana, kunyanya chikafu chine choline, kunogona kukubatsira kuwana zvinovaka muviri zvinodiwa nemuviri wako.
- Usambofa watora mishonga yekuwedzera ndangariro kana chimwe chikonzero usina kupiwa mazano nachiremba. Gara uchitaura nachiremba wako.
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