Une allergy nezvinhu izvi here? Ngatidzidzei zvakawanda nezve allergy.

Dzimwe nguva unokwenya pasina chikonzero here? Unonzwa sekuti une dzihwa uye mhino yako yavharika here? Zvingave zvichikonzerwa nechimwe chinhu chausingatombofungi nezvacho. Isu tinoti izvi 'allergy'. Vanhu vazhinji havazivi zvakawanda nezvazvo. Saka ngatitaurei nezvazvo zvakadzama nhasi, nekuti zvinokanganisa vanhu vazhinji.

Chii chaizvo chinonzi allergy iyi?

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, allergy inyaya isingadiwe yeimmune system yemuviri wedu. Funga nezvazvo nenzira iyi: muviri wedu une dziviriro, tinoidaidza kuti immune system . Zvakafanana neuto rinodzivirira nyika. Iyi sisitimu inorwisa utachiona, mabhakitiriya, nemavhairasi anobva kunze uye inotidzivirira kuti tisarware. Asi dzimwe nguva, kana zvinhu zvisingatikuvadzi - semuenzaniso, mukume, guruva, nezvimwe zvekudya - zvikapinda mumuviri wedu, immune system yedu inofunga zvisirizvo kuti uyu muvengi mukuru. Zvadaro inotanga kurwa nayo zvisina kufanira. Ndosaka tichingoti allergy. Iyi ndiyo inoita kuti tive nezviratidzo zvakasiyana-siyana, zvakaita sekukwenya nekuhotsira.

Ndezvipi zvinhu zvinowanzokonzera allergies zvatinogona kuva nazvo?

Kune zvinhu zvakawanda zvinogona kutikanganisa, asi hezvino zvimwe zvacho zvinonyanya kukonzera allergies:

• Uturu hwenyuchi nezvimwe zvipembenene: Vamwe vanhu vanogona kuva neallergies zvakanyanya nekuda kwekurumwa nemhuka dzakadai semagonyeti.
• Zvipembenene zveguruva: Izvi zvisikwa zvidiki zvidiki zvekuti hazvionekwe nemaziso. Zvinogara muguruva mudzimba dzedu. Zvakajairika mumatiresi, mapiro, nemakapeti.
• Zvekudya: Vamwe vanhu vane allergies kune zvekudya zvakaita semukaka, mazai, nzungu, soya, hove, shrimp, uye crab.
• Mishonga: Mimwe mishonga, yakadai semishonga inoderedza marwadzo nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, inogonawo kukonzera allergies.
• Mafuru: Mafuru anokura munzvimbo dzine hunyoro, senge pamadziro ekare, anogona kukonzera allergies kana akafemerwa.
• Zvipfuyo: Vamwe vanhu vane allergy kumhuka dzakadai sembwa nekatsi dzine mvere, mate, uye ganda rakafa. Fungidzira, mushure mekubata katsi kumba kweshamwari yako, unotanga kuhotsira uye maziso ako anotsvuka. Izvi zvinoreva kuti unogona kunge uine allergy kuganda rekatsi.
• Kusangana nedermatitis: Mamwe makemikari, sipo, simbi (senge nickel), nezvimwe zvirimwa zvinogona kukonzera mapundu kana zvikabatana neganda .
• Mukume: Ichi ndicho chikonzero chikuru chedzihwa nemaziso anokwenya muvanhu vazhinji munguva yechirimo.

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvekurwara nepfungwa?

Zviratidzo izvi zvinogona kusiyana kubva pamunhu kuenda kune mumwe, uye zvinoenderanawo nekuti une allergy yei. Tarisa runyorwa urwu:

• Kutsamwiswa kweganda, mapundu, kana mapundu.
• Kukwenya.
• Kuhotsira, mhino yakazadzwa, mhino inoyerera.
• Kutadza kufema zvakanaka, sekukosora nekufemera.
• Maziso anokwenya, ane mvura.
• Kuzvimba kwechiso, miromo, rurimi, kana pahuro.
• Kutadza kufema zvakanaka, kuoma kumedza.
• Kurutsa kana manyoka.
• Kuderera kweropa.

Zvino, kana ukabata chimwe chinhu chausingade, unogona kungoerekana wava nemapundu paganda. Asi kana ukafema chimwe chinhu chakaita semupunga kana dander yemhuka, ungangonzwa mhino ichiyerera uye kuhotsira. Kurwara nezvikafu, mishonga, uturu hwemago, nezvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kuva zvakanyanya. Zvinogona kutokonzera kuti pahuro pako pazvimbe uye zviomere kufema. Tinozvidaidza kuti "Anaphylaxis." Izvi zvinodanwa kuti emergency uye zvinoda kurapwa nekukurumidza.

Kurwara uku kunogara kwenguva yakareba sei?

Zviratidzo izvi zvinowanzogara kwenguva yakareba kana wasangana neallergen. Zvimwe zvirwere zvinotanga mukati memaminitsi. Zvimwe zvinoonekwa maawa kana mazuva gare gare. Zviratidzo zvinowanzopera mukati memaawa mashoma mushure mekunge wasangana neallergen. Zvisinei, zvimwe zvirwere zveganda, zvakaita secontact dermatitis, zvinogona kugara kwemavhiki.

Sei tichiwana allergies idzi?

Masoja edu ekudzivirira muviri anokanganisa mapuroteni muzvinhu zvisina njodzi zvakaita semupunga, dander yemhuka, mimwe mishonga, uye chikafu zvichireva chimwe chinhu chine njodzi, senge hutachiona kana mabhakitiriya. Zvadaro, patinofema zvinhu izvi, kuzvidya, kana kuzvibata, muviri wedu unofunga kuti iri idambudziko guru uye unofanira kuzvibvisa. Ndipo panotanga kuoneka zviratidzo zvataurwa.

Chinhu chakakosha ndechekuti allergy haiwanzoitika mushure mekusangana nechimwe chinhu kamwe chete. Patinosangana kekutanga, muviri wedu unoiona sechinhu chisiri chemuno uye unogadzira mapuroteni akakosha, anonzi ma antibodies, anorwisa chirwere ichi. Tinodana maitiro aya kuti "sensitization." Zvadaro, kana chinhu chimwe chete chikapinda mumuviri zvakare, ma antibodies akagadzirwa anovhurwa uye anopa immune system chiratidzo chekuti, "Heuno muvengi auya, rwisa." Ndipo panotanga kuoneka zviratidzo zveallergy.

Ndiani ari panjodzi huru yekurwara nechirwere ichi?

Kunyangwe izvi zvichigona kuitika kune chero munhu, vamwe vanhu vari panjodzi huru:

• Kana mumwe wevabereki vako aine allergies: Pane mhedzisiro yemajini.
• Kune avo vane zvirwere zvakaita seasthma kana eczema: Zvirwere izvi zvine chekuita nazvo. Izvi zvinowanzonziwo atopy.

Vanachiremba vanoongorora sei allergies?

Kana uine zviratidzo zvekurwara nepfungwa (allergy), chiremba anogona kuzvisimbisa nekuita bvunzo.

• Kuedzwa kweganda:Zvaunoita neizvi ndezvekuti, unoisa chinhu chidiki chaunofunga kuti une allergy nacho paganda rako, wocheka kadiki, wobva wabaya jekiseni nepariri. Kana nzvimbo yacho ikatsvuka, yakazvimba, uye ichikwenya mukati memaminitsi gumi nemashanu kusvika makumi maviri, zvinoreva kuti une allergy nacho.
• Kuongororwa kweropa: Izvi zvinotarisa kana une ma antibodies chaiwo (IgE) muropa rako akagadzirwa kurwisa zvimwe zvinhu zvinokonzera allergies.

Chiremba achakubvunza nezvezviratidzo zvako nezvinhu zvaunosangana nazvo (semuenzaniso, basa rako, zvinhu zvaunofarira, nezvimwewo) kuti aone kuti ndeapi maedzo aunofanira kuongororwa.

Dzimwe nguva, zvichienderana neallergy yaunofunga kuti unayo, unogona kupihwa bvunzo dzekufema, bvunzo dzemishonga kana dzezvekudya, kana bvunzo ye patch. Kuongororwa kwe patch kunotsvaga mhinduro inononoka paganda inoitika mushure memazuva mashoma.

Ndeipi mishonga yekurapa allergies?

Chinhu chekutanga uye chakanakisa ndechekugara kure nezvinhu zvaunorwara nazvo sezvinobvira. Izvi zvinonyanya kukosha kana allergy yako yakakura zvekukonzera anaphylaxis.

Zvisinei, zvakaoma kudzivirira zvachose zvinhu zvakaita seguruva nemhute zviri kwese kwese. Muzviitiko zvakadaro, chiremba wako anogona kukukurudzira kuti utore mimwe mishonga zuva nezuva kana kuti ugare uchirapwa. Izvi zvinogona kubatsira kuderedza zviratidzo zvako kana kuderedza njodzi yekukuvara zvakanyanya.

Zvichienderana neallergies yako, zvinotevera zvinogona kukurudzirwa:

• Mishonga inorwisa histamine: Mienzaniso inosanganisira mishonga yakaita seFexofenadine (Allegra®), Loratadine (Claritin®), uye Cetirizine (Zyrtec®). Iyi inoshanda nekuvharira kemikari inonzi histamine, iyo inoburitswa panguva yekurwara.
• Mishonga yeSteroid mumhino: Mienzaniso inosanganisira Flonase® neNasacort®. Izvi zvinoderedza kuzvimba, kuvharika, uye mhino dzinoyerera.
• Mishonga inogadzirisa leukotriene: Mishonga yakaita seMontelukast inogonawo kubatsira kudzora zviratidzo zvekurwara, kunyanya kuvanhu vane asthma.
• Majekiseni eOmalizumab (Xolair®): Aya anoshandiswa kune mamwe ma allergies echikafu uye mikoko inogara kwenguva refu.
• Kurapa neAllergy immunotherapy: Izvi zvinosanganisira kuisa zvishoma nezvishoma huwandu hushoma hweallergen mumuviri wako nekufamba kwenguva, zvichibvumira muviri wako kuti uzvigamuchire. Izvi zvinogona kuitwa nejekiseni (Allergy shots), sepiritsi rinoiswa pasi perurimi (Sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT)), kana sekurapa nemuromo (Oral immunotherapy (OIT)). Uku kurapa kwenguva refu kunoitwa pasi pekutarisirwa kwenyanzvi.

Kana uine chirwere chinogona kukonzera allergy yakanyanya, chiremba wako achakuudza kuti ugare uine epinephrine auto-injector (yakadai seEpiPen® kana Auvi-Q®). Unofanira kuishandisa pakutanga kwechiratidzo chekurwara kwakanyanya.

Ndinofanira kuona chiremba rini kana kuenda kuchipatara che emergency?

Kana uine zviratidzo zvekurwara nepfungwa uye uchida kuziva chikonzero chaicho, enda kuna chiremba. Chiremba wako anogona kukutumira kuna chiremba, akadai senyanzvi yezvirwere zvepfungwa kana dermatologist, kuti vakuongorore zvakare.

Asi kana ukaona chimwe chezviratidzo izvi, unofanira kuenda kuchipatara nekukurumidza, kana kufonera 1990:

• Kuzvimba nekukurumidza kwechiso, miromo, rurimi, kana pahuro.
• Kutadza kufema zvakanaka, kushaya mweya, kusimba kwechipfuva.
• Mapundu anopararira nekukurumidza mumuviri wese.
• Kushaya simba kwemaoko, tsoka, miromo.
• Kunzwa kushaya simba, dzungu, kupera simba.
• Kunzwa kutya kukuru, kunzwa kwekuparadzwa kuri kuuya.

Chii chandingatarisira kana ndiine allergies?

Rudzi rweallergy yauinayo ndiyo ichasarudza zvauchafanira kugadzirisa. Allergies dzemwaka, dzakadai seallergies yemupollen uye allergies dzezvipfuyo, dzinowanzo shungurudza asi hadzisi pangozi yehupenyu. Zvisinei, allergies yezvinhu zvakaita sechikafu, mishonga, uye chepfu yewasp inogona kunge yakanyanya kuipa. Kana uine imwe yeallergies idzi, unofanira kugara uine epinephrine injector.

Ndingaitei kuti ndiwane zororo kana ndine zviratidzo zvekusawirirana nemuviri?

Kunyangwe panguva yekurapwa, kana zviratidzo zvekurwara zvichikunetsa dzimwe nguva, unogona kuwana zororo nezvinhu izvi:

• Mishonga inobvisa mhino dzakavharika (sezvakataurwa nachiremba) kana mishonga yekugeza ine saline inogona kushandiswa kuderedza mhino dzakavharika uye mhino dzinoyerera.
• Kuti uderedze kuvaviwa uye kutsvuka kwemaziso, pukuta nejira rakachena rakanyikwa mumvura ine chando kana kushandisa madonhwe emaziso (sezvakataurwa nachiremba) kana uine allergies.
• Geza muviri wako wopfeka mbatya itsva (kunyanya kana wabva kunze) kuti ubvise zvinhu zvinokonzera allergies mumuviri wako.
• Shandisa mafuta asingakanganisi ganda kana asina hwema kuderedza kuvaviwa uye mapundu eganda.

Kurwara nepfungwa kunogona kudzivirirwa here?

Hapana nzira yekudzivirira allergy kuti isatange. Asi kana uine allergy kare, hezvino zvimwe zvaunogona kuita kudzivirira allergy:

• Rega kubata kana kunanzva mhuka dzaune allergy nadzo. Chinja mbatya mushure mekubata mhuka dzakadaro. (Usadzibvumire kupinda muimba yako yekurara, pamubhedha wako, kana pazvigaro zvako. Usabata matoyi adzo.)
• Pukuta makapeti nemakapeti nguva nenguva kuti ubvise zvinhu zvinokonzera allergy zvakaita seguruva, dander yemhuka dzinovaraidza, uye mukume. Pukuta guruva nejira rakanyorova.
• Zvingava zvakanaka kana ukakwanisa kushandisa ma "High-efficiency particulate air filters (HEPA) air filters" kubvisa zvinhu zvinokonzera allergy mumhepo.
• Mahwindo emba yako ngaavharwe panguva yemwaka wemaruva.
• Chinja mafirita ari muHVAC system yemba yako nguva nenguva.

Kana uine allergy yechikafu, verenga zvakanyorwa pazvinyorwa zvekudya nokungwarira. Chengeta chikafu chausingakanganisi nacho mumba mako chete. Idya chete munzvimbo dzaune chokwadi chekuti unogona kudya pasina matambudziko. Iva nechokwadi chekuzivisa chiremba wako nezve allergy yako paunenge uchidya kunze.

Kurwara nepfungwa kunochinja here nekukura?

Ehe, allergies dzinogona kuchinja nekukura. Zvinoenderana nekuti unosangana neallergen yakawanda sei, shanduko muimmune system yako, nezvimwe zvinhu.

Dzimwe nguva, allergies dziripo dzinogona kuwedzera. Kana kuti, allergies dzakapera dzinogona kudzoka. Dzimwe nguva, allergies dziripo dzinogona kupera nekufamba kwenguva - semuenzaniso, kana uine allergies kukati, allergies dzako dzinogona kudzikira kana ukapedza nguva yakawanda uri pedyo nadzo (izvi zvinonzi "kushivirira", asi izvi hazviitiki kune wese munhu). Uyewo, vamwe vanhu vanogona kutanga allergies itsva pavanenge vachikura.

Pakupedzisira, ndinofanira kukuudza izvi...

Kurwara nepfungwa (allergies) chinhu chinowanikwa mazuva ese kumamiriyoni evanhu pasi rose. Kune vamwe, zvakajairika kuti mhino yavo ibude mvura uye kuhotsira nguva dzese dzechirimo. Kune vamwe, zvinonetsa kuchengetedza ganda ravo kure nembwa iri pedyo navo. Kurwara nepfungwa dzechikafu nezvinodhaka kwakanyanya kuipa - zvichireva kuti unofanira kuverenga zvinyorwa zvekudya nokungwarira uye kungwarira nemishonga mitsva.

Asi yeuka, pane zvakawanda zvaunogona kuita kudzora allergies dzako. Kana uine mibvunzo kana zvinokunetsa nezveizvi, usazeza kutaura nachiremba wako. Nenzira iyi, unogona kuziva chaizvo zvakakunakira.

Ndinovimba ruzivo urwu ruchakubatsira. Ramba uine hutano hwakanaka!

Kurwara , zviratidzo, kurapwa, zvirwere zveganda, kufema, masoja ekudzivirira muviri, (Anaphylaxis)