Paunonzwa zita rekuti 'anthrax', pamwe unonzwa kutya zvishoma, handiti? Takazviona mumafirimu nemunhau sechinhu chine njodzi, chombo chebhayoloji, saka zvakajairika kuva nekutya ikoko. Asi chii chaizvo chinonzi anthrax? Inogona kutikanganisa zvakadini? Chinhu chekutya here? Zvakanaka, ngatitaurei nezveizvi zvese nhasi, tisingavanzi chero chinhu, nenzira yaunogona kunzwisisa, zviri nyore.
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, chii chinonzi Anthrax?
Chigwadara chirwere chakakomba chinokonzerwa nebhakitiriya rinonzi Bacillus anthracis . Bakiteri iyi yakakosha zvikuru. Inogona kuramba yakarara muvhu kwemakore semaspores, sembeu diki. Kufanana nembeu yemuti yaoma panguva yekusanaya kwemvura, maspores aya anomirira muvhu neguruva kusvika nzvimbo yakakodzera yawanikwa.
Chirwere ichi chinonyanya kubata mhuka dzinodya huswa. Kana mhuka dzakadai semombe, mbudzi, nemakwai dzichidya huswa, mabhakitiriya aya ari muvhu anopinda mumiviri yemhuka. Zvadaro, mukati memuviri wemhuka, mabhakitiriya asina kurara "anomuka" otanga kushanda, achipatsanuka nekukurumidza zvichikonzera chirwere ichi.
Chirwere ichi hachiwanzoitiki muvanhu, asi kune nzira dzakawanda dzachinogona kutapuriranwa nadzo.
- Nekufema zvipembenene zvebhakitiriya.
- Nekudya nyama isina kubikwa zvakanaka kubva kumhuka ine chirwere ichi.
- Mabhakitiriya anopinda mumuviri neparonda riri paganda.
Asi chinhu chakanakisa ndechekuti inogona kurapwa zvinobudirira nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya . Kunewo mushonga wekudzivirira chirwere ichi.
Kune mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzechirwere cheanthrax, zvichienderana nekuti chinotapuriranwa sei.
Chigwadara chinogona kukamurwa kuita mhando dzakasiyana-siyana, zvichienderana nekuti mabhakitiriya anopinda sei mumuviri wako. Rudzi rumwe nerumwe rune zviratidzo zvakasiyana uye kuoma kwaro.
| Rudzi rwechigwadara | Kuumbwa uye tsananguro |
|---|---|
| Anthrax yeganda | Iyi ndiyo mhando yeanthrax inonyanya kuwanikwa uye isina njodzi zvakanyanya . Inoitika kana tupukanana twebhakitiriya tuchipinda mumuviri kuburikidza nekuputika kweganda, senge kuchekwa kana kukwenywa. Vanhu vanoshanda nezvipfuwo, vasukuti vematehwe, uye vanachiremba vemhuka ndivo vari panjodzi huru. |
| Anthrax yemudumbu | Rudzi urwu rwechigwadara runoitika kana ukadya nyama isina kubikwa zvakanaka (mbishi kana kuti isina kubikwa zvakanaka) yemhuka ine chirwere chechigwadara. Utachiona uhwu hunokanganisa pahuro, pagurokuro, mudumbu, uye muura. Munyika dzakawanda, rudzi urwu rwechigwadara haruwanzoonekwa nekuti mhuka dzinobayiwa majekiseni uye nyama inoongororwa. |
| Kufema Anthrax | Iyi ndiyo mhando yeanthrax ine njodzi uye inouraya zvikuru . Inoitika kana spores dzeanthrax dziri mumhepo dzikafemerwa. Inogona kukonzera kufema kwakanyanya uye kunyange rufu. Yave ichizivikanwa kuti inobata vanhu vaishanda mumichina yemvere kare. Ndosaka ichinziwo 'chirwere chewoolsorter'. |
| Jekiseni reAnthrax | Rudzi urwu haruwanzoitiki. Rwakataurwa kuti rwunowanikwa pakati pevanhu vanobaya mishonga yakaita seheroin. Kana mishonga kana tsono dzakasvibiswa nebhakitiriya dzikashandiswa, bhakitiriya iri rinogona kupinda zvakananga pasi peganda kana mutsandanyama rokonzera hutachiona. |
Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvechigwadara?
Zviratidzo zvechigwadara zvinoenderana nerudzi rwechigwadara chaunacho. Zviratidzo zvinowanzotanga kuoneka mukati mevhiki mushure mekusangana nebhakitiriya. Zvisinei, mune dzimwe nguva, kunyanya kana munhu achifema chigwadara, zviratidzo zvinogona kutora kusvika mwedzi miviri kuti zvioneke.
Heano mamwe ezviratidzo zvakajairika:
- Zviratidzo zveganda:
- Mapundu madiki kana mapundu anokwenya.
- Mumazuva mashoma, ganda rinobuda richiita chironda cheganda chisingarwadzi chine donda dema pakati. Ichi ndicho chiratidzo chikuru chechirwere cheganda chinonzi anthrax.
- Hunhu hwemugero wekudya:
- Kusvotwa nekurutsa (zvichida neropa).
- Kurwadziwa kwakanyanya mudumbu.
- Manyoka ane ropa.
- Hunhu hwehurongwa hwekufema:
- Pakutanga, zviratidzo zvechikosoro chakajairika zvakaita sefivha, kurwadziwa kwemuviri, uye kuneta.
- Mumazuva mashoma, mamiriro acho akawedzera kuipa, zvichikonzera kurwadziwa muchipfuva uye kuoma kufema.
- Zvimwe zvinhu zvakajairika:
- Kunzwa fivha uye kudikitira zvakanyanya.
- Musoro nekurwadziwa kwetsandanyama.
- Manodhi elymph akazvimba.
Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti kana uine fungidziro diki yekuti ungangove wakambobatwa nechirwere cheanthrax uye ukava nechimwe chezviratidzo izvi, zvakakosha kutsvaga rubatsiro rwechiremba nekukasika .
Chigwadara chinogona kutapuriranwa kubva kumunhu kuenda kune mumwe here?
Uyu mubvunzo unobvunzwa nevanhu vazhinji. Mhinduro iri nyore ndeyekuti, kwete . Chirwere cheAnthrax hachisi chirwere chinotapuriranwa sechikosoro kana chikosoro. Haugoni kuchibata nekuva pedyo nemunhu ane chikwekwe, kutaura naye, kana kubata chimwe chinhu chaakashandisa.
Zvisinei, kashoma, pave nemishumo yekuti munhu ane chironda cheanthrax paganda rake anogona kutapukirwa kana akasangana nechironda ichocho zvakananga. Zvisinei, mikana yekuti izvi zviitike yakaderera zvikuru.
Ndiani ari panjodzi huru?
Njodzi yekubatwa nechirwere cheanthrax kune veruzhinji yakaderera zvikuru, asi njodzi iyi yakakura kune vanhu vanoita mamwe mabasa nemabasa.
- Varimi nevaya vanoshanda nezvipfuwo .
- Vanachiremba vemhuka neavo vanoshanda mubasa iroro.
- Vanhu vanoshanda nemvere dzemhuka nematehwe (semuenzaniso, mafekitori emvere, nzvimbo dzekusukuta matehwe, vagadziri vemadhiramu).
- Vanhu vanoshanda munzvimbo dzekuurayira zvipfuwo .
- Vashandi vemurabhoritari vari kuferefeta mabhakitiriya echigwadara.
- Vafambi kana vashandi vemauto vanoenda kunyika dzine chirwere cheanthrax.
Kuongororwa uye kurapwa kwechirwere ichi
Kana chiremba wako achifungidzira kuti une chirwere cheanthrax, anogona kuita bvunzo dzinoverengeka kuti asimbise.
- Kuongororwa kweropa
- Kana paine gomarara paganda, chidimbu chidiki charo chinotorwa choongororwa (Biopsy)
- X-ray yechipfuva kana CT scan
- Kuyedza masputum kana masquito sampuro
- Kuboorwa kwemusana (kupomba kwemusana)
Nzira dzekurapa
Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha pakurapa anthrax kutanga kurapwa nekukurumidza . Kana kurapwa kukatanga nekukurumidza, kunogona kurapwa zvachose.
Nzira huru dzekurapa ndeidzi:
1. Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya: Uku ndiko kurapwa kukuru. Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inopihwa semapiritsi, jekiseni, kana netsinga kuti iuraye hutachiona. Kurapa uku kungada kutorwa kwenguva yakareba, dzimwe nguva kusvika mazuva makumi matanhatu. `Ciprofloxacin` ne`doxycycline` ndiwo maviri emishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inonyanya kushandiswa.
2. Mishonga Inorwisa Chepfu:Ma antibodies akagadzirwa zvakanaka anopiwa sejekiseni rekudzivirira chepfu inogadzirwa nebhakitiriya mumuviri. Kurapa uku kunowanzoitwa pamwe chete nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya.
3. Jekiseni: Jekiseni rechigwadara rinoshandiswa kudzivirira chirwere ichi uye sekurapa munhu akambobatwa nechirwere ichi. Mishonga yakawanda yejekiseni, pamwe chete nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, inowedzera simba remuviri rekudzivirira chirwere.
Yeuka kuti chigwadara, kunyanya chinenge chichifema, chinogona kuuraya kana chikasarapwa. Saka kana uine zvinokunetsa, usazviregeredza. Enda kuna chiremba wako nekukasika.
Ungazvidzivirira sei kubva kuchirwere cheanthrax?
Mushonga weanthrax unoshanda ne90% mukudzivirira chirwere ichi. Zvisinei, mushonga uyu haupiwi kune veruzhinji. Unongopihwa kune avo vari mumapoka ane njodzi atakurukura kare.
Kana uri kuenda kunyika ine chirwere cheanthrax, ziva zvinhu zvinotevera:
- Usadya nyama mbishi kana kuti isina kubikwa zvakakwana.
- Dzivisa kubata kana kutenga zviyeuchidzo zvakagadzirwa nematehwe emhuka, mvere, kana mapfupa.
- Musabata kana kupfuya mhuka dzamusingazive kuti dzine hutano.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Chigwadara chirwere chakakomba chinokonzerwa nemabhakitiriya anogara muvhu, anowanzo pararira kuburikidza nemhuka.
- Ichi hachisi chirwere chinotapuriranwa nyore nyore kubva kumunhu kuenda kune mumwe munhu sedzihwa.
- Zviratidzo zvinoenderana nenzira yekupinda (ganda, kufemereka, kumedzwa), uye chironda chitema chiri pakati peganda ndicho chinonyanya kukonzera.
- Kana uchishanda pabasa rine njodzi huru kana kuti uchifungidzira kuti wakambosangana nechirwere ichi, enda kuna chiremba nekukurumidza.
- Chigwadara chinogona kurapwa zvinobudirira kana kurapwa nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya kukatanga nekukurumidza.
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