Tose tinofema zuva nezuva. Asi hatizivi kuti zvinhu zvingani zviri mumhepo zvatinofema zvatisingaoni. Waizviziva here kuti kune mhando yefungus inonzi `Aspergillus`, ine spores dzinoyangarara kwese kwese mumhepo iyi? Kazhinji, izvi hazvikonzeri matambudziko kumunhu ane hutano, nekuti dziviriro yemuviri wedu haibvumiri kuti ipinde. Asi kune vamwe vanhu, kunyanya avo vane zvirwere zvemapapu kana avo vane masoja ekudzivirira muviri asina simba, izvi zvinogona kuva dambudziko guru. Ndiyo mamiriro atiri kutaura nezvawo nhasi, anonzi `Aspergillosis`.
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, chii chinonzi Aspergillosis?
'Aspergillosis' chirwere chiri mumuviri wedu chinokonzerwa nerudzi rwechikonye chinonzi 'Aspergillus'. Ichi chirwere chefungus. Rudzi urwu rwechikonye runowanikwa munzvimbo dzatinogara, kunyanya munzvimbo dzakadai sevhu, mashizha akaoma, uye mumirwi yemanyowa. Dzimwe nguva, rudzi urwu rwechikonye runogona kukura munzvimbo dzine hunyoro mukati medzimba, kunyangwe mumafirita ema air conditioner (AC) asina kucheneswa zvakanaka.
Patinofema, tupukanana twemukuyu uyu tunopinda mumapapu edu nemhino dzedu. Masoja emuviri emunhu ane hutano anoziva uye anoparadza zvinhu izvi zvinopinda. Asi vamwe vanhu havakwanisi kuita izvi. Apa ndipo panoitika chirwere chinonzi `Aspergillosis`. Kune mhando dzakawanda dzeizvi. Dzimwe dzacho dzinoita seallergy, nepo dzimwe dzichingogumira mumapapu. Asi rudzi rune njodzi zvikuru ndi`Aspergillosis` inopararira mumuviri wese.
Vanhu vazhinji vanoshamisika kana iri "mold nhema." Kwete, imhando yakasiyana yemold (Stachybotrys chartarum). Asi ese ari maviri imhando yemold inowanikwa munharaunda uye inogona kurwarisa vamwe vanhu.
Ndiani ane mukana mukuru wekuwana chirwere ichi? Ndiani ari panjodzi?
Havasi vese vanobatwa neAspergillosis. Kune mamwe mapoka ane njodzi yekubatwa nayo. Kureva kuti, vanhu vanogona kurwara zvakanyanya kana vakasangana nechirwere ichi. Kana uri mumwe wemapoka aya, zvakakosha kuti unyatsochenjerera izvi.
| Boka renjodzi | Tsananguro iri nyore |
|---|---|
| Vanhu vane asthma kana zvimwe zvirwere | Mapapu avo nemafambiro emhepo zvinonzwa zviri nyore. Kana zvipembenene zveAspergillus zvikapinda, muviri unotanga kupindura zvakanyanya. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera chirwere chinonzi Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis (ABPA) . |
| Vanhu vane chirwere chemapapu chisingaperi | Vanhu vakambova nechirwere cheTB (TB) uye vane maburi mumapapu avo, kana avo vane zvirwere zvakaita seCOPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease), kana kuti Sarcoidosis, vane nzvimbo dzakakuvara mumapapu avo. Aspergillus chamhu inogona kugara nyore nyore mumapapu aya yoita fungus. Izvi zvinonzi Aspergilloma . |
| Vanhu vane masoja emuviri asina simba | Iri ndiro boka rine njodzi huru uye riri panjodzi. Nekuti dziviriro yemuviri (masoja) haina simba, chakuvhuvhu chinogona kupinda mumuviri zviri nyore, kupinda muropa kubva mumapapu, uye kupararira kune dzimwe nhengo dzakadai seuropi, itsvo, nemoyo. Izvi zvinonzi Invasive Aspergillosis . Mienzaniso yeizvi inosanganisira:
|
Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvechirwere ichi?
Zviratidzo zveaspergillosis zvinosiyana zvichienderana nerudzi rwehutachiona uye nhengo yemuviri yakakanganiswa. Kazhinji zvakafanana nezviratidzo zvechirwere chekufema chinowanzoonekwa, zvichiita kuti zviome kuona.
| Rudzi rweaspergillosis | Zviratidzo zvakajairika |
|---|---|
| Rudzi rweAllergy (ABPA) |
|
| Chakuvhuvhu (Aspergilloma) | |
| Aspergillosis Inopinda Mumuviri |
Ichi chirwere chinotapukira here?
Kwete. `Aspergillosis` hachisi chirwere chinogona kutapuriranwa kubva kune mumwe munhu kuenda kune mumwe. Chinokonzerwa nekufema zvipembenene zvechikonye zviri munharaunda. Saka, haugone kubata chirwere ichi nekungova pedyo nemunhu anorwara.
Chiremba anoongorora sei chirwere ichi?
Chiremba wako achafungidzira izvi zvichienderana nezviratidzo zvako uye nhoroondo yehutano hwako (semuenzaniso, une asthma here kana kuti uri kurapwa kenza?). Vachaita bvunzo dzakawanda kuti vasimbise chirwere chacho.
- X-ray yechipfuva kana CT scan: Izvi zvinogona kutsvaga mavanga asina kujairika, maburi, kana bundu rinonzi ``Aspergilloma'' mumapapu.
- Kukura kweSputum: Sampuro yesputum yako inotorwa yoedzwa murabhoritari kuti ione kana chiumbwa cheAspergillus chichikura mairi. Inoongororwawo nemaikorosikopu kuti ione kana paine zvidimbu zvesputum zvine filamentous.
- Kuongororwa kweropa: Kana paine fungidziro yekuti pane rudzi rwechirwere chinopararira, ropa rinoongororwa kuti rionekwe serine ma antibodies kana ma antigen chaiwo eAspergillus mold. Izvi zvinogona kubatsira kuona chirwere ichi nekukurumidza.
- Kuongororwa kwemuviri: Kanyama kadiki kanotorwa kubva mumapapu kana munzvimbo inofungidzirwa kuti ine utachiona uye kanoongororwa nemaikorosikopu kuti zvionekwe kana paine hurwa hweganda.
- Kuongororwa kweAllergy: Kuongororwa kweganda kana ropa kunogona kuona kana muviri wako une allergy kuAspergillus.
Mishonga yacho ndeipi? Izvi zvinogona kurapwa here?
Kurapwa kweaspergillosis kunoenderana nerudzi rwechirwere chaunacho, kuoma kwacho, uye hutano hwako hwese.
1. Mishonga yekurwisa fungus
Uku ndiko kurapwa kukuru. Mishonga iyi inoshanda nekuparadza howa huri mumuviri. Mishonga yakaita se'Voriconazole', 'Isavuconazole', 'Amphotericin B' ndiyo inowanzo shandiswa pakurapa uku. Mimwe yacho inopihwa semapiritsi ekunwa, uye mimwe inopihwa sejekiseni mutsinga ine saline. Nguva yekurapwa inogona kubva pamavhiki mashoma kusvika kumwedzi yakati wandei, kana kutoti hupenyu hwese.
2. Mishonga yeSteroid (Corticosteroids)
Mishonga iyi inoshandiswa kurapa allergic rhinitis (ABPA) . Pane kuuraya chakuvhuvhu, mishonga iyi inodzora kuzvimba kwakanyanya uye allergy inokonzerwa nechavhuvhu mumuviri. Mapiritsi akaita se 'Prednisolone' anopiwa nekuda kweizvi.
3. Kuvhiyiwa
Kana paine bundu rimwe chete refungus (`Aspergilloma`) mumapapu uye richikonzera matambudziko akadai sekubuda ropa nguva dzose, kuvhiyiwa kunoitwa kubvisa mapapu ese ane bundu. Izvi zvinogona kurapa chirwere chose.
Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechekutora mushonga wawakanyorerwa nachiremba wako panguva yakatarwa. Kana ukarega kutora mushonga wacho pakati, chirwere chinogona kudzoka.
Ungazvidzivirira sei kubva kuchirwere ichi?
Chinomera cheAspergillus chinowanikwa kwose kwose munharaunda, saka hazvigoneke kuidzivirira zvachose. Asi kana uri muboka rine njodzi huru, pane zvinhu zvaunogona kuita kuti uderedze njodzi yacho:
- Dzivisa nzvimbo dzine guruva: Dzivisa nzvimbo dzekuvaka, nzvimbo dzekuputsa dzimba, uye migwagwa ine guruva zvakanyanya sezvinobvira.
- Chenjererai nekurima: Mabasa akadai sekuchera ivhu, kugadzira mirwi yemanyowa, uye kucheka huswa zvinogona kuburitsa spores dzemafungu mumhepo. Kana muchiita mabasa akadai, iva nechokwadi chekupfeka mask yemhando yepamusoro yeN95 .
- Dzora hunyoro mumba mako: Kana paine nzvimbo dzine hunyoro mumba mako kana nzvimbo dzine chakuvhuvhu chiri kukura pamadziro, gadzirisa nekukurumidza. Iva nechokwadi chekuti nzvimbo dzakadai seimba yekugezera nekicheni dzine mhepo inofefetera zvakanaka.
- Chengeta ma air conditioner (AC) nema air filters zvakachena: Ma air filters aya anowanzo kurumwa nemota, saka gezai nguva dzose zvichienderana nemirayiridzo yemugadziri.
Ndinofanira kuona chiremba riini? Ndinofanira kuenda kuETU riini?
Kana uri mumwe wemapoka ane njodzi ataurwa pamusoro apa uye ukava nezviratidzo zvine chekuita nemapapu (kukosora, kunetseka kufema, fivha),Ona chiremba wako nekukasika.
Kana uine chimwe chezviratidzo zvinotevera, enda kuchipatara chiri pedyo neEmergency Department (ETU) nekukurumidza.
- Fivha yakanyanya (inopfuura 103 Fahrenheit/40 Celsius)
- Kufema zvishoma
- Kubuda ropa rakawanda kana uchikosora
- Kuvhiringidzika, kuvhiringidzika , kana kuchinja maitiro
- Kubatwa nepfari
- Kuchinja ruvara rwebhuruu rwemiromo kana ganda (ichi chiratidzo chekushaikwa kweokisijeni muropa - `Cyanosis`)
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- 'Aspergillus' rudzi rwechikonye chinowanikwa munzvimbo yedu. Kazhinji hachikuvadzi vanhu vane hutano hwakanaka.
- Njodzi yacho yakakura kune avo vane zvirwere zvemapapu (asthma, COPD) uye avo vane masoja ekudzivirira muviri asina simba (varwere vegomarara, vanoisirwa nhengo dzemuviri).
- Zviratidzo zvinogona kufanana nezvirwere zvekufema, saka kana uri muboka rine njodzi, ziva zviratidzo zvacho.
- Chirwere ichi hachitapurirwi kubva kumunhu mumwe kuenda kune mumwe.
- Kune mishonga inoshanda. Kuongororwa nekukurumidza uye kurapwa kwakakodzera zvichienderana nemirairo yachiremba kunogona kubatsira kudzora nekurapa chirwere.
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