Unoda kuziva zvakawanda nezvegomarara remapfupa here? Usatya, ngatitaurei!

Wakambofunga here kuti mapfupa edu, kureva mapfupa, anogonawo kuita kenza? Pamwe iwe kana mumwe munhu waunoziva akamborwadziwa nemapfupa kana bundu diki uye wakazvibvunza nezvazvo. Chii chaizvo chinonzi kenza yemapfupa, inokura sei, zviratidzo zvacho ndezvipi, uye pane mushonga here? Tichataura nezveizvi zvese nhasi, zviri nyore.

Chii chinonzi Kenza yeMapfupa?

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, "Bone Cancer" izwi rinowanzo shandiswa kureva mhando dzakasiyana dzegomarara dzinokura mumapfupa edu. Kana masero egomarara aya atanga kukura mukati mebhonzo, semuti wakaipa, anokuvadza mapfupa edu akanaka. Izvi zvinoreva kuti anokuvadza mapfupa ane hutano. Kunyangwe kenza idzi dzichigona kukura mubhonzo chero ripi zvaro, dzinowanzoonekwa mubhonzo remuhudyu, pfupa remuchiuno, kana pfupa repamusoro reruoko.

Zvino, kune mhando mbiri huru dzekenza yemapfupa. Imwe ndeye apo kenza inotanga mumapfupa . Tinoidaidza kuti 'kenza dzemapfupa ekutanga' kana kuti 'masarcomas emapfupa'. Imwe mhando ndeye apo kenza inotanga kune imwe nzvimbo mumuviri, senge zamu, mapapu, kana prostate, uye inopararira kumapfupa . Tinoidaidza kuti 'bony metastases'. Zvakafanana ne apo kenza inotanga kune imwe nzvimbo yozopararira kumapfupa. Kenza yemazamu, kenza yeprostate, uye kenza yemapapu ndidzo mhando dzinogona kupararira kumapfupa.

Gomarara remapfupa chirwere chakakomba, saka zvakakosha kurirapa nekukurumidza . Asi pane mashoko akanaka! Vanachiremba vedu vane nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekurapa gomarara iri remapfupa, uye dzimwe nguva rinogona kutorapwa zvachose.

Ndeapi marudzi ekenza yemapfupa aripo?

Kune mhando nhatu huru dzegomarara remapfupa rekutanga, iro rinova gomarara rinotanga mubhonzo pacharo. Idzi dzinopatsanurwa zvichienderana nerudzi rwesero nenyama inotangira gomarara:

1. Osteosarcoma : Iyi ndiyo mhando yegomarara remapfupa rinowanzoonekwa. Rinotanga mumasero anoumba tishu itsva yemapfupa. Rinonyanya kuwanikwa muvana vadiki (kunyanya pakati pemakore gumi nemakumi maviri) , asi rinogonawo kuitika kuvana nevakuru vechidiki.

2. Ewing sarcoma : Rudzi urwu rwegomarara runogona kukura mumapfupa pamwe chete nenyama dzakapfava dziri pedyo. Rinonyanya kuwanikwawo muvana nevechidiki .

3. Chondrosarcoma : Gomarara iri rinotanga mucartilage, iyo iri munyama yakapfava inobatsira majoini edu nemapfupa kufamba. Rinonyanya kuitika muvanhu vakuru .

Kuwedzera kune marudzi matatu makuru aya, kune mamwe marudzi asingawanzoitiki ekenza yemapfupa:

• Chordoma : Gomarara iri rinokura mumusana kana pasi pedehenya.
• Fibrosarcoma (`Fibrosarcoma`): Izvi zvinotangira munyama inobatana nemapfupa iri kumagumo emapfupa.
• Matumbu makuru emasero : Aya matumbu asiri ekenza (asina kuipa), asi haawanzoitiki kuva kenza.
• Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma : Idzi imhando yegomarara risinganyanyi kurwisa rinotanga munyama dzakapfava nemapfupa.

Kenza yemapfupa yakajairika zvakadii?

Asi heino nyaya, kenza yemapfupa haina kuwanda zvakanyanya . Kutaura zvazviri, kana ichienzaniswa nedzimwe mhando dzekenza, haiwanzoitiki. Semuenzaniso, munyika yakaita seAmerica, kenza yemapfupa inokonzera kenza isingasviki 1% yekenza dzese. Kunyangwe ichigona kuitika kune chero munhu wezera ripi zvaro, inowanikwa zvakanyanya kuvana nevechidiki kupfuura vakuru.

Chinhu chakakosha ndechekuti kana uine bundu mupfupa rako, hazvirevi kuti ikenza. Mabundu mazhinji emapfupa haana kenza (asina njodzi). Mabundu aya asina kenza haapararire mumuviri wese sezvinoita kenza.

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvegomarara remapfupa?

Vamwe vanhu vane kenza yemapfupa vangasaratidza zviratidzo, vangangova nebundu risingarwadzi. Asi vamwe vangava nezviratidzo zvakasiyana-siyana. Fungidzira mwana wako kana mumwe munhu waunoziva achigara achinyunyuta nezvekurwadziwa kwegumbo rimwe kana ruoko, zvakanyanya usiku, kana dzimwe nguva kurwadziwa kwakapinza, kubaya . Ungafunga kuti, "Aa, izvi zvinofanira kunge zvakakonzerwa nekudonha uchitamba," kana kuti "Kungori marwadzo ekukura." Dzimwe nguva zviratidzo izvi zvinogona kukanganiswa nezvimwe zvirwere, zvakaita searthritis. Izvi zvinogona kunonotsa kuongororwa kwechirwere.

Izvi ndizvo zviratidzo zvinonyanya kuzivikanwa zvegomarara remapfupa:

• Kurwadziwa kwemapfupa kunowedzera zvishoma nezvishoma uye kunoramba kuripo (kazhinji kunowedzera husiku. Kunogona kunge kusina kunaka, kurwadza, kana kubaya).
• Bundu kana kuzvimba munzvimbo yakakanganiswa (zvinogona kunzwa zvakaoma kana kupfava kana zvikabatwa).
• Kuzvimba kusingatsananguriki kwakakomberedza pfupa rakakanganiswa.
• Kuoma kwekufamba (kunyanya kana kuzvimba kuri pedyo nejoini).
• Kuneta .
• Kupindwa nechando .

Ndezvipi zvinokonzera kenza yemapfupa?

Nyanzvi hadzisati dzaziva kuti chii chinokonzera kenza yemapfupa. Asi kufanana nedzimwe kenza, bundu remapfupa rinokura kana masero atanga kukura zvisina kudzoreka nekuda kwezvikanganiso muDNA yawo. Nekufamba kwenguva, masero aya anogona kukura pamwe chete kuti aumbe hunde, zvichikuvadza nyama yakakomberedza ine hutano. Kana ikasarapwa, kenza yemapfupa inogona kupararira kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri.

Zvinhu zvine njodzi

Vatsvagurudzi vakawana hukama huripo pakati pegomarara remapfupa nezvimwe zvinhu zvinokonzera njodzi. Izvi ndeizvi:

• Kana wakamborapwa kenza kare : Kana wakamborapwa nemwaranzi kana mimwe mishonga yechemotherapy senzira yekurapa mamwe magomarara, njodzi yako yekubatwa negomarara remapfupa mune ramangwana inogona kuwedzera zvishoma.
• Zvinhu zvinokonzerwa nemajini : Zvimwe zvirwere zvisingawanzoitiki, zvakaita seLi-Fraumeni syndrome, zvinogona kuwedzera njodzi yekenza yemapfupa. Uyewo, kugara nhaka yekuchinja kwemajini kunokonzera chirwere chinonzi retinoblastoma kunowedzerawo njodzi.
• Zvirwere zvemapfupa zvisina kenza : Kashoma kuti zvirwere zvemapfupa zvisina kenza zviite kenza. Semuenzaniso, kana uine zvirwere zvinonzi `Paget disease of the bone` kana `multiple enchondromas`, njodzi yacho inogona kuwedzera zvishoma.

Zvisinei, vanhu vazhinji vanorwara negomarara remapfupa havana kana chimwe chezvinhu izvi zvinokonzera njodzi . Kazhinji, zvinoitika pasina chikonzero chakajeka.

Ndezvipi zvinetso zvechirwere ichi?

Kenza yemapfupa inopedza simba mapfupa ayo anokura. Dzimwe nguva, kenza iyi inogona kukonzera kutyoka kwemapfupa. Tinoidaidza kuti 'kutyoka kwemapfupa kunokonzerwa nezvirwere'. Dzimwe nguva vanachiremba vanowana kenza yemapfupa pavanoongorora kutyoka kwemapfupa seizvi.

Kenza yemapfupa inoonekwa sei? (Kuongororwa)

Kuti vaongorore kenza yemapfupa, chiremba wenyu anotanga atora X-ray kuti aone mapfupa enyu. Zvadaro, vanowanzoita Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) uye Computed Tomography (CT) scans kuti vawane mifananidzo yakajeka yenzvimbo dzakatenderedza mapfupa. Izvi zvakakosha vasati vatanga kurapwa.

Kuti asimbise chirwere ichi, chiremba wako achaita biopsy . Izvi zvinoreva kutora chidimbu chidiki chenyama kubva papfupa rako wochiongorora uchishandisa maikorosikopu nachiremba wezvirwere. Biopsy inopa ruzivo rwakananga nezverudzi rwegomarara. Neruzivo urwu, chiremba wako anogona kusarudza kuti ndeipi nzira chaiyo yekurapa yakakunakira.

Kuongororwa kweKenza yeMapfupa

Nekuona danho rekenza (`Cancer staging`), vanachiremba vanogona kuona kana kenza iri panzvimbo yayo kana kuti yapararira mumuviri wese (metastasized). Vanotarisawo kuti ingangopararira sei, kana isati yapararira. Kuti masero ekenza anoita sei zvisina kunaka (`tumor grade`) zvinoratidza kuti kenza inogona kupararira sei. Pane nzira mbiri dzinoshandiswa navanachiremba kuona danho rekenza yemapfupa:

1.Sangano reMusculoskeletal Tumor (`Musculoskeletal Tumor Society` kana `Enneking system`):

• Danho rekutanga : Gomarara iri harina kupararira uye harina kupararira.
• Danho rechipiri : Gomarara iri rakanaka kwazvo, asi harina kupararira.
• Danho rechitatu : Kenza yapararira.

2. Sisitimu yeAmerican Joint Committee on Cancer (`American Joint Committee on Cancer - AJCC`):

• Danho rekutanga : Bundu iri harina kukura zvakanaka uye kenza haisati yapararira.
• Danho rechipiri : Gomarara harina kupararira, asi bundu iri rakwira zvakanyanya.
• Danho rechitatu : Bundu iri rakakwirira, uye kenza yapararira kune dzimwe nzvimbo dziri mukati mepfupa rimwe chete.
• Danho rechina : Gomarara rapararira kubva mumapfupa kuenda kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri, semuenzaniso, mapapu kana chiropa.

Gomarara remapfupa rinorapwa sei?

Kurapa kukuru kwegomarara remapfupa kuvhiyiwa kubvisa gomarara . Rudzi rwakajairika rwekuvhiyiwa ndirwo "kuvhiya kunochengetedza makumbo." Mukuvhiyiwa uku, chiremba anobvisa gomarara chete nenyama shoma ine hutano yakakomberedza, asi anosiya ruoko rwako kana gumbo zvisina kukuvadzwa. Pfupa rakakuvara rinogona kuvakwazve ne "real bone grafts" kana "artificial bone grafts."

Dzimwe nguva, chiremba wekurapa angafanira kubvisa ruoko rwese kana gumbo ('amputation') kuti arape kenza. Kana izvozvo zvikaitika, uchaiswa ruoko rwekugadzira kana gumbo mushure mekuvhiyiwa. Midziyo iyi yava yepamusoro-soro, uye inogona kukubatsira kuita mabasa ako ezuva nezuva sezvayaiita usati wavhiyiwa.

Mamwe marapirwo ndeaya:

• Kurapa nemwaranzi : Izvi zvinoshandiswa kuderedza bundu risati ravhiyiwa kana kuparadza chero masero ekenza asara mushure mekuvhiyiwa. Kurapa nemwaranzi kunogona kushandiswawo panzvimbo pekuvhiyiwa kwemamwe kenza yemapfupa.
• Kurapa nemakemikari : Izvi zvinopihwa kurapa kenza yekutanga, kenza yakapararira (metastases), uye masero ekenza ari kutenderera mumuviri. Kurapa nemakemikari kunowanzoitwa vasati vavhiyiwa kudzora kupararira kwekenza uye pamwe kuderedza bundu. Kurapa nemakemikari (chemotherapy) kunoitwa mushure mekuvhiyiwa kunobatsira "kuchenesa" chero masero ekenza asara mumuviri uye kudzivirira kenza yemapfupa kuti isadzoke.

Ndichakurumidza sei kunzwa zviri nani mushure mekurapwa?

Marwadzo anokonzerwa nekenza yemapfupa anowanzotanga kudzikira kana kurapwa kwatanga. Zvisinei, kurapwa kunogona kukonzerawo mimwe migumisiro, uye kupora kunotora nguva.

Zvinogona kutora kusvika mwedzi mitanhatu yekurapwa uye kurapwa kwemuviri kuti ujairire kugadzira nhengo dzemuviri. Kana wakavhiyiwa makumbo nemaoko, zvinogona kutora kusvika gore kuti unzwe wakasununguka nekuchinja kwemapfupa ako.

Pakupedzisira, nguva yako yekupora inoenderana nerudzi rwegomarara, danho raro, uye musanganiswa wemishonga yaunoda. Chiremba wako achakuudza zvekutarisira, saka unogona kusarudza kuti ndeipi mishonga yakakunakira.

Ko kenza yemapfupa inogona kudzivirirwa here?

Sezvo nyanzvi dzisati dzaziva kuti chii chinokonzera kenza yemapfupa, pari zvino hapana nzira yekudzivirira . Kune rumwe rutivi, kurapwa nemwaranzi, iyo iri imwe chikonzero chinozivikanwa chekenza yemapfupa, kwakakosha pakurapa mamwe kenza, saka haigone kudzivirirwa zvachose.

Zvisinei, unofanira kuona chiremba kana ukaona shanduko dzisiri dzenguva dzose mumapfupa ako, dzakadai sebundu kana kurwadziwa kuri kuwedzera kwemapfupa. Zviratidzo izvi hazvirevi kenza nguva dzose. Zvisinei, chiremba chete ndiye anogona kuona chikonzero chaicho chedambudziko racho.

Chii chandingatarisira kana ndine kenza yemapfupa?

Kurapa kenza yemapfupa kunowanzobudirira . Kazhinji, kenza haidzokeri. Zvinogona kutora kuvhiyiwa kunopfuura kumwe chete kuti zvibudirire.

Vanhu vane mhando dzekenza yemapfupa dzakanyanya kukura vangangoda kuramba vachirapwa, zvakaita sekurapa nemwaranzi uye chemotherapy, kudzivirira kenza kuti isapararire. Mishonga iyi inogona kupiwa kwenguva yakareba kudzora kenza.

Chekupedzisira, mamiriro emunhu wese akasiyana, saka havasi vese vane kenza yemapfupa vachawana mhedzisiro yakafanana. Chiremba wako achakutsanangurira fungidziro yako zvichienderana nerudzi, danho, nzvimbo yekenza yako, uye maitiro ako ekurapwa.

Ko chirwere chegomarara remapfupa chinorapwa zvakadii?

Kunyange hazvo kenza yemapfupa ichigona kuuraya, vanhu vazhinji vanopora zvizere . Huwandu hwevanhu vane kenza yemapfupa vanorarama kwemakore mashanu i68.2%. Izvi zvinoreva kuti 68.2% yevanhu vane kenza yemapfupa vachiri vapenyu makore mashanu mushure mekuonekwa kuti vane chirwere ichi. Vanhu vane kenza yemapfupa iri padanho rekutanga vane mukana uri nani wekupora zvizere. Vanhu vane kenza yemapfupa iri padanho repamusoro, zvichireva kuti kenza yacho yatopararira, vari panjodzi huru yekuti kenza idzoke zvakare.

Asi yeuka, huwandu uhwu hwekupona hunongova fungidziro yakavakirwa pavanhu vakambova nekenza yemapfupa kare. Havakuudzi kuti uchararama kwenguva yakareba sei kana kuti chii chaunotarisira mumamiriro ako chaiwo. Taura nachiremba wako kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo nezvehuwandu hwekupona kwekenza yemapfupa.

Ndinofanira kuona chiremba rini?

Kana uine kurwadziwa kwemapfupa kana kuzvimba kusingatsanangurikiGadzirira nguva yekuona chiremba nekukasika. Kana mwana wako aine bundu kana kuzvimba kusingapere, ona chiremba wemwana wako. Kana uri kutorapwa kenza yemapfupa, zivisa chiremba wako kana paine zviratidzo zvitsva.

Mushure mekurapwa, iva nechokwadi chekuti waenda kumisangano yese yekutevera . Mumakore maviri ekutanga, ungangoda kuona chiremba wako mwedzi mitatu kusvika mitanhatu yega yega, uye kuongororwa kunenge kushoma. Nekuongororwa kwakadai nguva dzose, unogona kubata kenza nekukurumidza kana ikadzoka, uye kurapwa kwako kuchave kwakabudirira zvakanyanya.

Mibvunzo ipi yandinofanira kubvunza chiremba wangu?

Kunzwisisa chirwere chako zvizere kuchakubatsira kuita sarudzo dzakanakisisa nezveutano hwako. Heano mimwe mibvunzo yaunogona kubvunza chiremba wako:

• Ndine kenza yemapfupa yerudzii?
• Zvakapararira here?
• Ndedzipi bvunzo dzandinofanira kuita?
• Ndezvipi zvandinogona kuita pakurapwa?
• Chii chandinofungidzira kuti ndicharwara?

Kana ukaona kuti une kenza yemapfupa, unganzwa kutya, kusuruvara, uye kusaziva. Ehe, pane zvakawanda zvisingazivikanwe zvine chekuita nekuongororwa kwekenza. Zvaunosangana nazvo zvinoenderana nezvinhu zvakawanda, kusanganisira rudzi rwekenza yemapfupa yaunayo uye kuti unoonekwa riini. Asi kenza yemapfupa haisi nguva dzose inouraya kana kuti isingarapiki. Vanhu vazhinji vanoonekwa vaine chirwere ichi vanowana kurapwa kunopedza kenza .

Taura nachiremba wako nezvesarudzo dzekurapa kwaunogona kuita. Uyewo, funga nezvekujoinha boka rekutsigirana. Kutaura nevanhu vari kusangana nematambudziko akafanana neako kunogona kukubatsira pahutano hwako hwepfungwa, hwemanzwiro, uye hwemweya.

Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba

Gomarara remapfupa chinhu chaunofanira kutya, asi chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuziva zvakawanda nezvaro uye kutsvaga mazano echiremba panguva yakakodzera .

Yeuka kuti, haasi marwadzo ese emapfupa kana mapundu ari kenza. Zvisinei, kana uine zvinokunetsa, kuchenjera kutaura nachiremba nezvazvo.

Nekufambira mberi kwemishonga yemazuva ano, kune nzira dzakawanda dzinoshanda dzekurapa kenza yemapfupa. Mune dzimwe nguva, inogona kutorapwa zvachose. Saka, zvakakosha kuti urambe wakasimba uye uteedzere mazano evanachiremba vako. Hausi wega, uye une mhuri, shamwari, uye vanachiremba vanokubatsira parwendo urwu.

` Kenza yeMapfupa, Kenza yeMapfupa, Zviratidzo zveKenza, Marwadzo eMapfupa, Kurapwa kweKenza, Mhando dzeKenza, Kenza yeVana