Dzimwe nguva unombova nekukosora kwakaoma kunogara kwenguva refu kusingaburitse madzihwa here? Unonzwa kushaya mweya kana waneta zvishoma, kana kuti paunokwira masitepisi here? Vanhu vazhinji vanofunga kuti izvi zvakajairika, zvichida zvichikonzerwa neguruva, asi dzimwe nguva zvinogona kuva chiratidzo chechirwere chemapapu chinoda kutariswa. Nhasi tiri kutaura nezvechimwe chezvirwere zvakadaro, NSIP.
Chii chinonzi NSIP (Nonspecific Interstitial Pneumonia)?
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, NSIP kuzvimba kwenyama iri pakati pemasagi madiki emhepo (alveoli) mumapapu ako netsinga dzeropa dzakaapoteredza. Funga nezvemapapu ako seboka remazambiringa ane mazambiringa madiki akawanda (alveoli). Mabayo atinowanzoziva anoitika mukati memazambiringa aya. Asi muNSIP, kuzvimba kunoitika munzvimbo dziri pakati pemazambiringa aya nenyama yakaapoteredza.
Ichi chirwere chiri muboka rezvirwere zvemapapu zvinonzi "interstitial lung disease". NSIP inowanzoonekwa muvanhu vane connective tissue disease (CTD). Zvakare, inogona kuva chirwere chenguva refu, chisingazoperi mumazuva mashoma sepneumonia yenguva dzose. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, inogona kutokonzera mavanga ekusingaperi mumapapu.
Kune mhando mbiri huru dzeNSIPs.
Vanachiremba vanopatsanura NSIP mumhando mbiri huru. Zvakakosha kunzwisisa musiyano uripo pakati pezviviri izvi, sezvo kurapwa uye kufambira mberi kwechirwere mune ramangwana kunogona kusiyana.
| Rudzi rweNSIP | Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, chii chinoitika? | Kukoshesa zvinhu zvakanyanya |
|---|---|---|
| NSIP yenharembozha | Murudzi urwu, masero ari pakati pemasagi emhepo anozvimba. Hapana mavanga. | Haina kunyanya kuoma. Inonyatsopindura zvakanaka kana yarapwa. Inogona kupora zvachose. |
| NSIP yeFibrotic | Izvi zvinoita kuti mapapu akobvuke uye ave nemavanga. Mukurapa, mavanga aya anonzi fibrosis . | Rudzi urwu ndirwo rwakanyanya kuipa uye rune njodzi. Kukuvadzwa kwemapapu kwakaoma kudzoreredzwa. |
Ndezvipi zviratidzo zveNSIP?
Zviratidzo zveNSIP zvingasaonekwa pakutanga. Zvisinei, zvinogona kuwedzera zvishoma nezvishoma nekufamba kwenguva, kwemwedzi kana makore. Zviratidzo zvikuru ndeizvi:
- Kukosora kwakaoma kunogara kwenguva refu: Izvi hazviburitse madzihwa. Zvinongonzwika sekukosora kunobvisa huro.
- Kushaya mweya (dyspnea): Kutadza kufema zvakanaka, kunyanya kana uchiita chimwe chinhu chinorema, sekufamba kana kukwira masitepisi. Sezvo chirwere ichi chichienderera mberi, kushaya mweya zvakanaka kunogona kuitika kunyangwe wakamira wakamira.
- Kufema zvine simba: Kunzwa sekunge unofanira kushanda nesimba kuti ufeme.
- Kuneta kwakanyanya mumuviri: Kunzwa kuneta zvakanyanya kunyangwe usina kuita basa.
- Zvigunwe zvine mavanga: Izvi hazviwanzoitiki. Zvisinei, kune vamwe vanhu, miromo yeminwe inogona kuzvimba semadhiramu uye nzara dzinogona kuita denderedzwa. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti muviri hausi kuwana oxygen yakakwana.
Chinhu chakakosha ndechekuti zviratidzo izvi hazvitange kamwe kamwe, asi zvinowedzera zvishoma nezvishoma nekufamba kwenguva. Saka vanhu vazhinji vanogona kusanyatsoteerera izvi.
Ndezvipi zvinokonzera NSIP? Ndiani ari panjodzi huru?
Kutaura zvazviri, vanachiremba havasati vaziva chikonzero chaicho cheNSIP. Zvisinei, kana vanhu vane chirwere ichi vakatariswa, vanowanzova nezvimwe zvirwere. Saka zvinofungidzirwa kuti pane hukama pakati pezvirwere izvi neNSIP.
Mamiriro ezvinhu akakosha ane chekuita neNSIP:
- Matambudziko ekubatana kwenyama: Izvi zvirwere zvinorwisa muviri apo masoja emuviri anorwisa nhengo dzawo. Semuenzaniso:
- Rheumatoid arthritis - chirwere chinokonzera kuzvimba nekurwadziwa mumajoini
- Lupus
- Scleroderma
- Utachiona hwemavhairasi: Humwe utachiona hwemavhairasi, hwakadai seHIV nehepatitis, hunogonawo kusanganiswa neNSIP.
- Kukanganiswa nemishonga: Dambudziko iri rinogonawo kukonzerwa ne chemotherapy yekenza, radiation therapy, uye mimwe mishonga yechirwere chemwoyo.
Kazhinji chirwere cheNSIPInonyanya kuitika kuvakadzi vari pakati pemakore makumi mana nemakumi mashanu.
Chiremba anonyatsoongorora sei chirwere ichi?
Kana uine chimwe chezviratidzo zvataurwa pamusoro apa, chinhu chekutanga chichaita chiremba wako ndechekukubvunza nezvenhoroondo yako yezvekurapa. Zvakakosha kuudza chiremba wako zvese zvaunazvo nezvemamwe matambudziko ehutano kana mishonga yauri kutora.
Mushure meizvozvo, bvunzo dzinoverengeka dzicharairwa kuti dzisimbise chirwere chacho.
- Kuongororwa kwebasa remapapu: Izvi zvinosanganisira kufema nekubuda nepachubhu yakabatana nemuchina. Izvi zvinobatsira kuwana pfungwa yekuti mapapu ako ari kushanda zvakanaka sei nekuyera kuti mweya wakawanda sei waunogona kutora uye kuti unogona kufema nekukurumidza sei.
- X-ray yechipfuva neCT scan: Kunyange zvazvo X-ray ichigona kupa pfungwa huru, CT scan (Computed Tomography scan) inogona kuona zvakajeka shanduko dzisinganzwisisike uye mavanga mumapapu. CT scan inokosha zvikuru pakuongorora NSIP.
- Bronchoscopy: Muizvi, kamera inonamirwa kumagumo kwechubhu yakatetepa, inochinjika uye inopfuudzwa nemumhino kana muromo mumapapu ako.
- Kuongororwa kwemuviri: Iyi ndiyo nzira yakanakisisa yekusimbisa chirwere ichi 100%. Kanyama kadiki kanotorwa kubva mumapapu kuburikidza nekuvhiyiwa uye kanoongororwa nemaikorosikopu. Izvi zvinozogona kuona kana kari kemasero here kana kuti kefibrotic.
Ndeapi marapirwo eNSIP?
Zvinangwa zvikuru zvekurapa NSIP kuderedza kuzvimba mumapapu, kudzora chirwere ichi kuti chisanyanya kuipa, uye kubatsira kuchengetedza hupenyu hwako hwakanaka.
Nzira dzekurapa dzinosiyana kubva kumurwere mumwe kuenda kune mumwe uye zvichienderana nerudzi rwechirwere.
| Nzira yekurapa | Tsananguro |
|---|---|
| Mishonga yeCorticosteroid `(Corticosteroids)` | Semuenzaniso, mishonga yakaita se `(Prednisone)`. Iyi inoshanda nekuderedza kuzvimba mumuviri nemumapapu. |
| Mishonga inodzvinyirira immune system | Mishonga yakaita se `azathioprine`, `cyclophosphamide`, `mycophenolate`. Iyi inoshanda nekudzora mashandiro asingadiwe emasoja emuviri. Iyi inonyanya kukosha kune vanhu vane zvirwere zve `(autoimmune)`. |
| Mishonga inorwisa fibrosis | Mishonga yakaita se `pirfenidone` ne `nintedanib`. Iyi inopiwa kuvanhu vane Fibrotic NSIP. Inobatsira kuderedza mwero wemavanga mumapapu. |
| Kugadziriswa kwemapapu | Izvi zvakakosha sekupa mishonga. Zvinosanganisira maekisesaizi akakosha ekusimbisa mapapu, nzira dzekufema, uye dzidzo nezvechirwere ichi. |
| Kurapa neokisijeni | Kupa okisijeni kune avo vane oxygen shoma muropa, kunyanya kana vakaneta. |
| Kuisirwa mapapu | Nzira yekupedzisira kana mimwe mishonga yese ikakundikana uye chirwere chikakura. |
Hupenyu huchava hwakaita sei neNSIP? (Kufungidzira)
Uyu mubvunzo unobvunzwa nevanhu vazhinji. Mhinduro yacho inoenderana nekuti une rudzii rweNSIP.
- Kune Cellular NSIP: Tariro yevanhu ava yakanaka kwazvo . Nekurapwa kwakakodzera, mukana wekurarama makore mashanu mushure mekuonekwa kwechirwere ichi uri pedyo ne100%. Kazhinji, kurapwa kwakakwana kunogoneka.
- Kune Fibrotic NSIP: Kukuvadzwa kwemapapu hakugone kugadziriswa pano. Saka mamiriro acho akakomba zvishoma. Zvisinei, marapirwo ataurwa kare anogona kudzora nekunonotsa kufambira mberi kwechirwere. Mishumo yezvekurapa inoratidza kuti vanhu vanowanzo rarama pakati pemakore matanhatu negumi nemana mushure mekuonekwa vaine chirwere ichi.
Saka, kuongororwa kwechirwere ichi pakutanga uye kutanga kurapwa kwakakodzera kwakakosha kuti munhu ararame kwenguva refu.
Unofanira kuitei?
Kana chiremba wako akakuudza kuti une NSIP, usatye. Pane zvinhu zvishoma zvaunogona kuita.
- Tevedzera mirairo yachiremba wako uye hurongwa hwekurapa nemazvo. Inwa mushonga wako panguva yakakodzera uye nemuyero wakakodzera.
- Kana uine chimwe chirwere, chakadai searthritis, dzora chirwere ichocho zvakanaka.
- Kana ukaona shanduko muzviratidzo zvako, zvakaita sekuneta kwakanyanya, zivisa chiremba wako nekukasika.
- Kana ukasvuta, rega ipapo ipapo. Kusvuta kunokuvadza mapapu ako zvakanyanya.
Kana uine kukosora kwakaoma kana kufema kwave kuchiitika kwemavhiki, ndapota enda kuna chiremba wonoongororwa, pane kufunga kuti zvakajairika. NSIP inogona kuwedzera kuipa kana ikasarapwa.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- NSIP haisi pneumonia yatinowanzoziva. Muizvi, kuzvimba kunoitika munyama dziri pakati pemabhegi emhepo emapapu.
- Kukosora kwakaoma kwenguva refu uye kufemera kana waneta ndizvo zviratidzo zvikuru zvechirwere ichi. Usazviregeredza.
- Kune mhando mbiri huru dzeNSIP. Rudzi rwe'Cellular' runogona kurapwa zvachose nekurapwa. Rudzi rwe'Fibrotic', kunyangwe rwakakomba, runogona kudzorwa nekurapwa.
- Kuonekwa nekukurumidza uye kutevedzera mirairo yachiremba wako kwakakosha zvikuru kudzivirira kukuvara kwemapapu zvachose.
- Kana uine chirwere che connective tissue chakadai se rheumatoid arthritis, nyatso cherechedza zviratidzo izvi zvine chekuita nemapapu.
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