Tose takambonzwa nezvestroke, handiti? Tinoziva kuti zvine njodzi yakadii. Asi ungashamisika kuziva kuti chikonzero chikuru cheizvi chiri mumutsipa wedu. Ehe, mitsipa miviri mikuru yeropa iri kumativi ese emutsipa wedu inotakura ropa kuenda kuuropi yakavharika, izvo zvinogona kukonzera chirwere ichi chine njodzi. Nhasi tiri kutaura nezvechirwere chinonzi `Carotid Artery Stenosis`, kutetepa kwemitsipa yeropa mumutsipa.
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, chii chinonzi chirwere chetsinga dzeropa (carotid artery disease)?
Funga nezvetsinga dzeropa dziri mumuviri wedu sepombi yemvura yakachena. Ropa rinoyerera nepariri pasina kana chipingamupinyi. Kumativi ese emutsipa wedu kune tsinga mbiri dzeropa dzinokosha dzinonzi Carotid Arteries . Idzi ndidzo dzinopa ropa rakawanda muuropi hwedu, kumeso, nemusoro.
Zvino, muchirwere chinonzi `Carotid Artery Stenosis`, mafuta anotanga kuungana mukati metsinga idzi dzeropa. `Mapepa` aya aunganidzwa nezvinhu zvine mafuta zvakaita secholesterol. Kungofanana nengura inoungana mukati mepombi yemvura, aya ma 'plaque' anoderedza zvishoma nezvishoma nzvimbo iri mukati metsinga yeropa. Kudzikira kwetsinga dzeropa uku ndiko kwatinodaidza kuti atherosclerosis .
Kana tsinga yeropa ikavharika nenzira iyi, huwandu hweropa rinoyerera kuenda kuuropi hunoderera. Zvakare, dzimwe nguva zvidimbu zvidiki zvechikamu ichocho chemafuta zvinogona kutyoka zvovhara zvachose tsinga yeropa yakapfava muuropi. Ndipo panoitika chirwere chine njodzi chinonzi sitiroko . Izvi zvinogona kuitika mutsinga imwe chete kana dzese dziri kudivi rimwe remutsipa. Kana dzikasarapwa, chirwere ichi chinogona kuipa nekufamba kwenguva uye kutoisa upenyu panjodzi.
Ndezvipi zvinhu zvinokonzera njodzi zvinokanganisa izvi?
Dambudziko iri harisi chinhu chinongoerekana chaitika nezuro. Rinokonzerwa netsika nematambudziko mumararamiro edu nehutano hwedu nekufamba kwenguva. Zvimwe zvezvinhu izvi tinogona kuzvichinja. Ona kana zvinhu izvi zvichishandawo kwauri.
| Chinhu Chinokonzera Njodzi | Mabatiro azvinoita zviri nyore. |
|---|---|
| Kusvuta nekushandisa fodya | Izvi zvinokuvadza madziro emukati metsinga dzeropa uye zvinokurumidzisa kuunganidzwa kwemafuta (plaque). |
| Kufuta | Kufuta kunowedzerawo zvimwe zvinhu zvinokonzera njodzi dzakadai seBP, cholesterol, uye chirwere cheshuga. |
| Kusaita maekisesaizi (Mararamiro Okugara Pamwe Chete) | Kana muviri usingashande, kufamba kweropa kunogona kupera simba uye huwandu hwecholesterol hunogona kukwira. |
| Kukwira kweropa (BP) | Kana BP ikawedzera, mitsipa yeropa inokuvara uye maitiro ekuisa mafuta mumuviri anokurumidza. |
| Kolesteroli yakakwira | Cholesterol yakaipa iyi ndiyo chinhu chikuru chinoita kuti mafuta arambe achiunganidzwa mumuviri (plaque). |
| Chirwere cheshuga | Kana huwandu hweshuga muropa hukawedzera, mitsipa yeropa inokuvara uye atherosclerosis inowedzera kuipa. |
| Kukwegura | Sezvo mitsipa yeropa isingachinji sezvatinokura, njodzi yekubatwa nechirwere ichi inowedzera zviri nyore. |
Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvechirwere ichi?
Dambudziko guru pano nderekuti kuvharika kwetsinga dzeropa uku kunogona kusakonzera zviratidzo kusvika kwakonzera sitiroko kana kurwiswa kweischemic kwenguva pfupi (TIA) .
TIA kukanganiswa kwenguva pfupi kweropa kuenda kuuropi, uko kunozodzorerwa mushure menguva pfupi. Izvi zvinofanirwa kuonekwa sechiratidzo chekunyevera chakakomba usati waita sitiroko huru.
Kana uine TIA kana sitiroko, masero europi anotanga kufa, saka kuwana kurapwa nekukurumidza kunogona kuva mutsauko pakati pehupenyu nerufu.
Zviratidzo zvestroke kana TIA
Kana iwe kana mumwe munhu akaona chimwe chezviratidzo izvi,Enda kuchipatara kuEmergency Department (ETU) nekukasika. Nguva ndiyo inokosha.
- Kurereka kwechiso kune divi rimwe chete: Rutivi rumwe rwemuromo runoita serwakarereka. Kana ukakumbirwa kunyemwerera, divi rimwe chete ndiro rinoita serinonyemwerera.
- Kuoma kutaura: Kusataura mashoko zvakanaka, kusakwanisa kutaura zvaunoda kutaura, kana kuoma kunzwisisa zviri kutaurwa nemumwe munhu.
- Kurasikirwa nekuona ziso rimwe chete: Zvingaita sekunge keteni dema riri kuwira pamberi peziso rimwe chete.
- Kushaya simba kune rumwe rutivi rwemuviri: Kurasikirwa nemanzwiro kune rumwe rutivi rweruoko, gumbo, kana kumeso.
- Kushaya simba kune rumwe rutivi rwemuviri: kutadza kusimudza ruoko kana gumbo kune rumwe rutivi, kurasikirwa nepfungwa.
Chiremba anowana sei izvi?
Dambudziko iri rinowanzoonekwa mushure mekunge mava nezviratidzo zvekuoma mitezo. Kana, kana chiremba wenyu akakuongororai uye akaisa stethoscope pamutsipa wenyu, vanogona kunzwa ruzha rusina kujairika rwekuti "whooshing" (ruzha) runonzwika seropa richiyerera richibva mutsinga yeropa yakavharika.
Kuongororwa kwakawanda kunoitwa kuti kusimbiswe chirwere ichi uye kuona kuti tsinga yeropa yakavharwa sei uye kuti yakavharwa kupi.
- Ultrasound: Iyi bvunzo isingarwadzi inoshandisa mafungu eruzha kutora mifananidzo yemukati memuviri. Inokwanisa kuona zvakajeka kuti ropa rinoyerera sei mutsinga dzeropa uye kuti pane dziviriro.
- Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA): Iyi iCT scan chaiyo inoshandisa X-rays. Inotora mifananidzo yakajeka yetsinga dzeropa rako nekuisa dhayi chaiyo mairi.
- Cerebral Angiography: Izvi zvinosanganisira kupinza chubhu yakatetepa (catheter) nepatsinga yeropa kuti vaone kana yavharika. Dhayi inopinzwawo kuti itore mifananidzo yakadzama yetsinga yeropa.
- Kuongororwa kweMRA (Magnetic Resonance Angiography - MRA): Izvi zvakafanana nekuongororwa kweCTA, asi zvinoshandisa simba remagineti rakasimba panzvimbo peX-rays kuti zviwane mifananidzo yakadzama yetsinga dzeropa.
Mushure mekuongororwa uku, chiremba wako achaona kuti tsinga yako yeropa yakavharika zvakadii. Inowanzo tsanangurwa seyakapfava (iri pasi pe50%), iri pakati nepakati (iri pakati pe50% ne79%), uye yakanyanya (iri pamusoro pe80%) .
Inorapwa sei?
Chinangwa chikuru chekurapa ndechekumisa chirwere ichi kuti chisanyanya kuipa uye kuderedza njodzi yekuoma mitezo.
1. Kuchinja mararamiro nemishonga
Iri ndiro danho rekutanga uye rinokosha zvikuru.
- Kudya zvine hutano: Kujaira kudya kusina mafuta, munyu, uye shuga yakawanda.
- Kurovedza muviri: Kuita maekisesaizi zuva nezuva.
- Kurega kusvuta: Ichi chinhu chaunofanira kuita.
- Mishonga:Chiremba wako anogona kukupa mushonga wakaita seaspirin yekuderedza kugwinha kweropa, pamwe nemishonga inoderedza cholesterol uye mishonga yeBP .
2. Kuvhiya nedzimwe nzira
Kana chirwere chacho chakakomba, kana kuti wakambobatwa neTIA kana sitiroko, chiremba wako anogona kukurudzira kuvhiyiwa.
- Kubviswa kweropa mudumbu: Mukuita uku, chiremba anochekwa mutsipa, ovhura tsinga yeropa, uye okwenya mafuta akavharika (plaque).
- Kusvina: Mukuita uku, mudziyo mukuru wakaita setsono unopinzwa mutsinga yeropa uye chubhu diki yakaita semesh (stent) inoiswa munzvimbo yakavharika kuti tsinga yeropa ikure. Izvi zvinobvisa kuvharika kweropa.
Chinhu chakakosha ndechekuti havasi vese vanoda kuvhiyiwa. Kuti unoda kuvhiyiwa here kana kuti kwete, uye kana zvakadaro, rudzii rwekuvhiyiwa rwakakodzera, zvinosarudzwa nachiremba wako, uyo achayera njodzi dzechirwere chako nenjodzi dzekuvhiyiwa.
Izvi zvinogona kuva nengozi zvikuru kana zvikasarapwa. Zvisinei, kana chirwere chikaonekwa nekukurumidza uye chikarapwa zvakakodzera, mhedzisiro yacho yakanaka kwazvo. Vanhu vazhinji vanopora nekukurumidza mushure mekuvhiyiwa, vachigara muchipatara kwezuva rimwe kana maviri.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Carotid Artery Stenosis chirwere chakakomba apo tsinga huru yeropa iri mumutsipa inovharika nemafuta akaunganidzwa.
- Njodzi huru yeizvi ndeyekuti zvinogona kukonzera sitiroko isingatarisirwi pasina zviratidzo.
- Kana ukaona zviratidzo zvekuoma nhengo dzemuviri, zvakaita sekurembera kwechiso, kutaura kusina kunyatsojeka, kana kurasikirwa nemanzwiro kune rumwe rutivi rwemuviri , enda kuEmergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yechipatara nekukasika.
- Chirwere ichi chinogona kudzivirirwa nekudzorwa kuburikidza nekuchinja mararamiro akaita sekurega kusvuta, kudya chikafu chine hutano, uye kurovedza muviri.
- Kana uine zvirwere zvakaita seBP, chirwere cheshuga, kana cholesterol, enda kuna chiremba wako nguva dzose wotevedzera marapirwo akanyorwa nemazvo.
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