Unoziva nezvebhakitiriya iri rakaipa here? (Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriales - CREs) Ngatikurukurei!

Pamwe makambonzwa kuti mishonga inonyorerwa navanachiremba yezvirwere zvakasiyana, kureva kuti, `(mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya)` dzimwe nguva haishande. Ndiyo imwe yezvirwere zvine njodzi uye zvine chekuita nezvatichataura nezvazvo nhasi, `(Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriales)` kana `(CREs)` hutachiona hwebhakitiriya. Izvi zvingasapindure kune mamwe e`(mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya)` ane simba anowanzo kupihwa. Saka, kunyangwe iyi iri nyaya yakakomba, zvakakosha kuti isu tese tizive izvi. Ngatingonzwisisa zviri kuitika.

Chii chinonzi `(Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriales)` kana `(CREs)`?

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, `(Enterobacteriales)` iboka remabhakitiriya ane hukama, semhuri imwe chete. Mabhakitiriya aya anogona kukonzera hutachiona hwakasiyana-siyana mumiviri yedu. Zvino, aya mabhakitiriya e`(Enterobacteriales)` dzimwe nguva anoratidza kusawirirana ne`(antibiotic)` yakakosha, ine simba inonzi `(Carbapenems). Mabhakitiriya e`(Enterobacteriales)` anoramba kupesana ne`(Carbapenems)` ndiwo atinodaidza kuti `(Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriales)` kana `(CREs)`.

Funga nezvazvo, vanachiremba vanoshandisa `(antibiotics)` kurapa hutachiona hwemabhakitiriya. Asi, mabhakitiriya aya anonyengera zvikuru. Paanogara achisangana ne`(antibiotics)` (kunyanya muchipatara kana mudzimba dzevakwegura), vanowana nzira dzekurarama nekurarama ne`(antibiotics)` idzodzo. Izvi ndizvo zvatinodaidza kuti `(resistance) . Saka `(CREs)` mabhakitiriya ave kuramba kurwisa `(Carbapenem)` ye`(antibiotics)`.

Kune mimwe mishonga yakawanda iri muboka iri remishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inonzi "Carbapenems":

• `Ertapenem`
• `Imipenem`
• `Meropenem`

Aya maantibiotic ane simba anowanzo kupihwa pazvirwere zvakakomba. Saka kana mabhakitiriya akasabatwa nehutachiona uhwu, zvinoreva kuti hutachiona hwacho hunova hwakaoma kurapa.

Ndeapi marudzi emabhakitiriya (Enterobacteriales)?

Vamwe vanhu vanoshandisa chidimbu che `(CRE)` kureva `(Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae)`, vamwe vachishandisa `(Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae)`. `(Enterobacteriales)` iboka guru rine mhando dzakasiyana dzemabhakitiriya. Rine mhuri nhatu, kana kuti ma suborders. Rimwe rema suborders aya ndi `(Enterobacteriaceae). Iri boka re `(Enterobacteriaceae)` ndipo panowanikwa mabhakitiriya atinowanzo kunzwa nezvawo:

• `Escherichia` (inozivikanwa zvikuru nesu se`E. coli`)
• `Klebsiella`
• Salmonella
• `Shigella`

Mishonga yeKrebsiella pneumoniae neE. coli inonyanya kurwara nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya. Zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti kana uine hutachiona hweKlebsiella kana E. coli, hazvirevi kuti hairapi mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya.

Ndezvipi zvirwere zvinokonzerwa ne `(CREs)`?

Mabhakitiriya aya ekuti "(CREs)" anogona kukonzera hutachiona muzvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvemuviri wako. Utachiona uhwu hunonyanya kuonekwa mu:

• Muropa(Utachiona hweropa)
• Utachiona hwemunzira yeweti (UTI)
• Mumapapu (pneumonia)
• Dumbu (dumbu riri mukati medumbu)

Munzvimbo dzakadai ndimo mabhakitiriya aya anonyengera anogona kukonzera hutachiona zviri nyore.

Utachiona hwe `(CRE)` hwakajairika zvakadii?

Kana ukatarisa nhamba dzenyika yakaita seUnited States, vanhu vanosvika zviuru gumi nezvitatu vanobatwa nechirwere ichi gore rega rega nekuda kwe "(CREs).`` Vanenge zviuru zana nemazana vanofa. Vanachiremba muSri Lanka vari kutarisisawo mamiriro ezvinhu aya. Nekuti mabhakitiriya akadaro anodzivirira chirwere ichi ari kuva dambudziko pasi rese.

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvehutachiona hwe `(CRE)`?

Zviratidzo zve `(Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriales)` zvinosiyana zvichienderana nekuti une hutachiona kupi. Zvimwe zviratidzo zvinowanzoonekwa zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Kupindwa nechando
• Kutonhora
• Kuoma kufema
• Kukosora
• Kurwadziwa kwedumbu
• Kurwadziwa pakuita weti
• Kutsvuka, kuzvimba, uye kuvaviwa panzvimbo yekuvhiyiwa kana ronda

Zvakakosha: Zviratidzo izvi hazvingogumiri pahutachiona hwe `(CRE)` chete. Humwe hutachiona hwebhakitiriya hunogonawo kukonzera zviratidzo izvi. Saka, kana ukasangana nechimwe chezviratidzo izvi, zvakanaka kuti uone chiremba.

Ndezvipi zvinokonzera hutachiona hwe `(CRE)`?

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, hutachiona hwe`(CRE)` hunokonzerwa nemabhakitiriya asingaurayi `(antibiotics)` anonzi `(Carbapenem)`. Pane zvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana zvinoita kuti mabhakitiriya arambe achirwisa `(antibiotic)`. Chimwe chacho inzira yaakashanduka nayo kuti agare pamwe chete nezvimwe zvipenyu zvakasikwa.

Muzvipatara nedzimwe nzvimbo dzehutano, mabhakitiriya anogara achisangana nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya. Kunyanya sezvo mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya ine simba senge carbapenems ichishandiswa kurapa hutachiona hwakakomba, mabhakitiriya ane mukana wekugadzira nzira dzekuadzivirira. Mabhakitiriya aya ane kugona kunoshamisa kwekupa majini avo ekudzivirira kune mamwe mabhakitiriya . Izvi zvinonzi kutapurirana kwemajini akatenderera. Kufanana nekuudza shamwari chakavanzika, mabhakitiriya aya anogovana kudzivirira kwawo nevamwe. Zvikasadaro, mabhakitiriya anopona mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya anogona kupa majini avo ekudzivirira, zvichigadzira mabhakitiriya akawanda anodzivirira.

Imwe yenzira huru dzinoita kuti mabhakitiriya asarambe mushonga we `(CRE)` ndeyekugadzira enzyme inonzi `(Carbapenemase)`. Iyi enzyme inopwanya nekuparadza `(Carbapenem antibiotics)`. Iyi enzyme inoita basa rakafanana nekucheka mushonga nechigero chidiki. Zvadaro mushonga haushande.

MaCRE anotapuriranwa sei?

Mabhakitiriya eEnterobacterial asingapindi muCarbapenem anogona kugara paganda rako kana mudumbu mako asingakurwadzise. Izvi zvinonzi colonization.MaCRE anogona kutapuriranwa kubva kumunhu ane chirwere cheCRE, kana kubva kumunhu ane utachiona husina zviratidzo.

Une njodzi huru yekuwana hutachiona hwe `(CRE)` muchipatara kana kune imwe nzvimbo yehutano. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti mabhakitiriya anogara paganda redu nemumiviri yedu anogona kuramba kubatwa nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya nekuasangana nawo. Unogona kuwana hutachiona hwe `(CRE)` nenzira dzinotevera:

• Nekubata munhu ane utachiona paganda rake (semuenzaniso, kana munhu iyeye asina kugeza maoko ake zvakanaka).
• Kubva panzvimbo dzakasviba , kunyanya masinki nezvimbuzi.
• Kubva pamidziyo yekurapa yakasviba nezvishandiso zvekurapa zvakaiswa mumuviri wako (semuenzaniso, mutsetse wepakati wetsinga, chubhu yekufema).

Ndiani ari panjodzi huru yekubatwa nehutachiona hwe `(CRE)`?

Ungave uri panjodzi huru yekuwana hutachiona hwe `(CRE)` kana:

• Kana uine tsinga yepakati (chubhu inopinzwa mutsinga huru), chubhu yekufema, chubhu yekudyisa, kana imwe chubhu kana mudziyo unopinzwa mumuviri wako, maCRE anogona kupinda mumuviri wako achibva kunze kuburikidza neizvi.
• Kana wagara uchitora mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya kwenguva yakareba kana kuti ukagara uchiitora, zvinokwanisika kuti mabhakitiriya acharamba achirwisa mishonga iyi nekufamba kwenguva. Izvi zvinogona kuuraya mabhakitiriya "akanaka" (asina njodzi) ari mudumbu medu, zvichiita kuti mamwe mabhakitiriya akure asingadzoreki uye akonzere hutachiona.
• Kana uine chirwere chehutano chinokanganisa simba remuviri wako rekudzivirira muviri . Semuenzaniso, kana uine HIV, kenza yeropa, chirwere cheshuga, kana kuti wakamboisirwa nhengo yemuviri kana kuisirwa stem cell, uri panjodzi huru. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti zvinoomera muviri kurwisa hutachiona pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu aya.
• Kana uchida rubatsiro pamabasa ezuva nezuva, akadai sekugeza nekushandisa chimbuzi , unogona kunge uri panjodzi huru yekusangana netsvina (nebhakitiriya rinobva mudumbu), izvo zvinogona kuparadzira CREs.
• Kana wagara muchipatara kwenguva yakareba , kunyanya kana wagara muchipatara chiri kunze kweUnited States mukati memwedzi mitanhatu yapfuura. Kunyange zvazvo CRE dziri kuwedzera muUnited States, dzakajairika kunze kwenyika.

Ndezvipi zvinetso zvinogona kuitika nekuda kwe `(CREs)`?

Kana vanachiremba vakasakwanisa kudzora hutachiona hwebhakitiriya vachishandisa mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, hunogona kupararira mumuviri wese uye hunokonzera matambudziko anouraya akadai sekutadza kushanda kwenhengo dzemuviri. Iyi ndiyo njodzi huru yehutachiona hweCRE.

Nzira yekuziva sei hutachiona hwe `(CRE)`?

Kana uine zviratidzo zvehutachiona hwebhakitiriya uye husingapere nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, chiremba wako angafunga kuti une hutachiona hweCRE. Vachatora sampuli kubva mumuviri wako kuti vaongorore hutachiona hwacho. Mienzaniso iyi inogona kusanganisira:

• Ropa
• Weti
• Chitsiko
• Mvura kana kuti tishu kubva paronda

Rabhoritari inogona kuona kana mabhakitiriya ari mumienzaniso iyi ari ``CREs''. Usakanganwa kuudza chiremba wako nezvechero michina yekurapa yawakaisa mumuviri wako kana kana wachangobva kuchipatara.

MaCRE anorapwa sei?

Kurapa maCRE kunogona kuoma nekuti mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya yaunowanzo shandisa haishande. Saka, chiremba wako anogona kukupa imwe mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya yakasiyana. Kana kuti, vanogona kukupa mushonga unorwisa mabhakitiriya wecarbapenem pamwe chete nemumwe mushonga unodzivisa enzyme yecarbapenemase yebhakitiriya. Marabhoritari anogona kuyedza mishonga yakasiyana kuti aone kuti ndeipi inoshanda paCRE.

Mhando dze `(Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya)` dzinoshandiswa kurapa `(CREs)`

Heano mamwe marudzi emishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inoshandiswa navanachiremba - kungava yega kana kuti yakasanganiswa - kurapa CREs:

• `Polymyxin/Colistin`
• `Tigecycline`
• `Fosfomycin`
• Aminoglycosides (semuenzaniso gentamicin kana tobramycin)
• Rifampin
• `Carbapenem` (ine mushonga unodzivirira)

Mishonga iyi inosarudzwa zvichienderana nemamiriro emurwere, rudzi rwehutachiona, uye maitiro ekudzivirira kwebhakitiriya.

Utachiona hwe `(CRE)` hwakakomba zvakadii?

MaCRE anogona kukonzera zvirwere zvakakomba uye zvakaoma kurapa. Vamwe vanhu vanowana hutachiona hunogona kutyisidzira hupenyu. Kana ukawana hutachiona hweCRE, ucharapwa muchipatara uko vashandi vezvehutano vanogona kukutarisa zvakanyanya.

Chiyero chekupora kubva ku `(CRE)` chii?

Zvidzidzo zvinoratidza kuti huwandu hwerufu rwevanhu vane chirwere cheCRE hunosiyana zvichienderana nekwakaitikira hutachiona. Semuenzaniso, huwandu hwerufu rwevanhu vane chirwere cheUTI (UTIs) chinokonzerwa neCRE hunenge 13%, nepo huwandu hwerufu rwevanhu vane chirwere cheropa chinokonzerwa neCRE hunogona kuva 50% kana kupfuura. Uchitarisa nhamba idzi, unogona kuona kuti izvi zvingave zvakakomba sei, handiti?

Ko CRE dzinogona kudzivirirwa here?

Vanopa hutano, vakaita savanachiremba nevanamukoti, vanotevedzera mitemo yakakosha yekuchengetedza uye yekubvisa utachiona kuti vadzivirire "hutachiona hunowanikwa muhutano" hwakadai se "CREs." Izvi zvinosanganisira:

• Geza maoko ako nguva nenguva.
• Kuuraya utachiona pamusoro.
• Iva nechokwadi chekuti mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inongopihwa vanhu vane hutachiona hwemabhakitiriya chete. (Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya haibatsiri pahutachiona hwemavhairasi.)
• Kuchenesa michina yekurapa.

Unogonawo kubatsira kudzivirira hutachiona hweCRE nekuita zvinotevera:

• Geza maoko ako nguva nenguva uye zvakakwana. Izvi zvinonyanya kukosha kana uchitarisira munhu ane masoja emuviri asina simba kana munhu anoda rubatsiro rwekugeza kana kushandisa chimbuzi.
• Kana wakashandisa michina yekurapa inoiswa mumuviri wako, yakaita semacatheter , bvunza chiremba wako kuti inofanira kugara kwenguva yakareba sei uye zvaunofanira kuita kudzivirira hutachiona mudziyo wacho uchiripo.

Ndinofanira kuona chiremba wangu rini?

Kana uine mudziyo wekurapa wakaisirwa kana kuti masoja emuviri wako asina simba, bvunza chiremba wako kuti zviratidzo zvehutachiona zvaunofanira kutarisa. Kana uine zviratidzo zvinofungira, ona chiremba.

Kunyangwe kana uri muchipatara, zvakakosha kuti urambe uchitaurirana zvakanaka nechikwata chako chekurapa. Kana ukaona zviratidzo zvehutachiona, zvakaita sekurwadziwa, kurova kwemoyo nekukurumidza, kushaya simba, kana fivha, vaudze nekukurumidza.

Ndinofanira kuenda kuchipatara panguva ipi (ER)?

Kana uine zviratidzo zvekurwara zvakanyanya, enda kuchipatara che emergency. Zviratidzo zvinosanganisira:

• Fivha inodarika 103 degrees Fahrenheit (40 degrees Celsius).
• Kurwadziwa kwakanyanya.
• Kubatwa nepfari.
• Kuvhiringidzika kana kuvhiringidzika.
• Kudonha kamwe kamwe kweBP (zviratidzo: kushaya simba, dzungu, kufenda).

Mibvunzo ipi yandinofanira kubvunza chiremba wangu?

Zvingabatsira kubvunza chiremba wako mibvunzo yakaita seiyi:

• Ndedzipi nzira dzekurapa dzandinadzo?
• Ndingatarisira kuti ndichapora rini?
• Ndakawana sei chirwere ichi?
• Ndingaitei kuti ndidzivirire rudzi urwu rwehutachiona mune ramangwana?

Pakupedzisira, zvinhu zvekurangarira (Mharidzo Yekuenda Kumba)

MaEnterobacteriale asingapindi muCarbapenem (CREs) rudzi rwebhakitiriya rinogona kukonzera hutachiona hwakakomba hunonetsa kurapa. Ndosaka vanachiremba vari kushanda nesimba kuti zvipatara nenzvimbo dzekuchengetedza varwere dzakachena uye dzakachengeteka kwenguva refu. Vanachiremba nevakuru vezvehutano muSri Lanka vakagadzirirawo mamiriro ezvinhu aya.