Wakambonzwa here kuti chikamu chimwe cheruoko rwako kana gumbo chinogara chisina simba, kana kuti chinongorwadza? Dzimwe nguva tinofunga kuti pane dambudziko neruoko kana gumbo iroro. Asi chikonzero chacho chingave chiri kure zvikuru, mutsinga inobva kumusana wako. Nhasi tichataura nezve 'mepu yetsinga' iyi inoshamisa yemuviri wedu. Mukurapa, tinodana izvi kuti dermatome. Iyi inyaya inonakidza kwazvo, ngationei kuti chii.
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, chii chinonzi dermatome?
Dermatome izita rinopiwa nzvimbo chaiyo yeganda pamuviri wedu. Asi harisi nzvimbo yeganda chete. Nzvimbo imwe neimwe iyi inodzorwa, zvichireva kuti manzwiro (manzwiro) enzvimbo iyoyo anotakurwa kuenda kuuropi netsinga chaiyo iri mumusana wedu (spinal cord).
Funga nezvazvo nenzira iyi. Musana wako wakaita semugwagwa mukuru. Ruzivo (zviratidzo zvetsinga) zvinofamba zvichikwira nekudzika mumugwagwa uyu, zvichienda kuuropi nedzimwe nhengo dzemuviri. Kune nzira diki dzinopinda nekubuda mumugwagwa uyu. Nzira idzodzo itsinga dzemusana dzinobuda mumusana wedu. Nzira imwe neimwe inotenderera yakabatana nechikamu chaicho chemuviri. Nzvimbo iyoyo chaiyo yeganda inonzi dermatome.
Ukama uhwu hunoshanda nenzira mbiri.
1. Kubva kuuropi kuenda kumuviri: Kana uchida kufambisa ruoko rwako, chiratidzo chinobva kuuropi hwako chinofamba nemusana wako uye chichipinda nemutsinga yakakodzera kuenda kune tsandanyama dziri muruoko rwako.
2. Kubva mumuviri kuenda kuuropi: Kana ukadonhedza mvura inopisa paruoko rwako, kunzwa kwacho kunofamba kubva paganda kuburikidza netsinga dzinoenderana kuenda kumusana uye kubva ipapo kuenda kuuropi, zvichiita kuti unzwe "ruoko rwako rwuri kupisa." Aya ndiwo manzwiro anoita zvese, kusanganisira kubata, kutonhora, kupisa, uye kurwadziwa.
Saka, iyi mepu yedermatome inokosha sei kuna chiremba?
Ichi ndicho chinhu chinonyanya kukosha. Kana uine chiveve, kurwadziwa, kana kurasikirwa nemanzwiro chero kupi zvako mumuviri wako, chiremba wako anogona kushandisa iyi dermatome map kuti aone kuti dambudziko riri kupi.
Fungidzira kuti chigunwe chako chinoramba chichishaya simba. Chiremba wako paanotarisa mepu yedermatome, anoziva kuti tsinga inopa kunzwa kuchigunwe chako itsinga yechitanhatu yemutsipa wechibereko (C6). Anogona kufungidzira kuti dambudziko harisi muruoko rwako, asi mumutsipa wako. Pamwe dhisiki iri pakati peimwe yetsinga dzemutsipa wechibereko chako yatsvedza uye iri kudzvanya tsinga.
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, dermatome yakafanana negwara rinobatsira vanachiremba kuwana matambudziko mutsinga dzako.
Madermatome aya ari sei mumuviri wedu?
Kunze kwechiso chedu, muviri wedu wese wakafukidzwa nedermatomes. (Tsinga dzechiso dzakabatana zvakananga neuropi, saka hadzipfuure nemusana.) Idzi dzakafanana nemabhandi akakomberedza miviri yedu.
Kuti tinzwisise izvi, ngatitangei tadzidza nezvezvikamu zvemusana wedu.
- Muzongoza wemutsipa: Uyu uri mumutsipa. Une mapfupa emusana manomwe uye tsinga dzemutsipa sere (C1 kusvika C8).
- Musana weChipfuva: Uyu uri pamusoro nepakati pemusana. Une mapfupa emusana gumi nemaviri uye tsinga gumi nembiri (T1 kusvika T12).
- Muzongoza weLumbar: Uyu uri mumusana wako wepazasi. Une mapfupa emusana mashanu uye tsinga mbiri (L1 kusvika L5).
- Sacral Spine: Apa ndipo panosangana musana nepfupa rehudyu. Une mapfupa mashanu emusana (anobatana pakukura) uye tsinga mbiri (S1 kusvika S5).
- Musana weCoccygeal: Uyu ndiwo muswe wedu. Wakaumbwa nemapfupa emusana anosvika mana akabatana. Une tsinga imwe chete.
Iye zvino ngationei kuti ndedzipi nhengo dzemuviri dzinobatanidzwa netsinga idzi.
Dermatomes dzine chekuita netsinga dzemumuromo wechibereko (Cervical Nerves - C1-C8)
Tsinga dzinobva mumutsipa dzakabatana zvakanyanya nemusoro, mutsipa, mapendekete, maoko, neminwe.
| Tsinga | Nzvimbo yeganda yakabatana |
|---|---|
| C2 | Kumashure kwemusoro nenzvimbo yechirebvu pasi perevedzo. |
| C3 | Mativi nekumashure kwemutsipa. |
| C4 | Chikamu chepazasi chemutsipa, pamusoro pemafudzi. |
| C5 | Mafudzi nekumashure kweruoko. |
| C6 | Rutivi rwechigunwe cheruoko, rutivi irworwo rweruoko nechigunwe chikuru. |
| C7 | Pakati pekumashure kweruoko, munwe wekunongedza nemunwe wepakati. |
| C8 | Rutivi rudiki rweruoko neruoko, munwe werin'i nemunwe mudiki. |
Dermatomes dzine chekuita neTerves dzeChipfuva (T1-T12)
Tsinga idzi dzakabatana zvakanyanya nechipfuva, dumbu, nemusana. Dzakaita semabhandi akakomberedza muviri.
| Tsinga | Nzvimbo yeganda yakabatana |
|---|---|
| T1 | Rutivi rwemukati rweruoko (rutivi rwehapwa). |
| T2 | Hapwa nepachipfuva chepamusoro. |
| T4 | Mwero wemunyatso. |
| T6 | Chikamu chakaderera chepfupa repakati pechipfuva (sternum). |
| T10 | Nhanho yechiuno. |
| T12 | Pamusoro penzvimbo yegokora. |
Dermatomes dzine chekuita neLumbar Nerves (L1-L5)
Tsinga idzi, dzinobva kumusana wepazasi, dzakabatana nehudyu, makumbo, netsoka.
| Tsinga | Nzvimbo yeganda yakabatana |
|---|---|
| L1 | Nzvimbo yemuhudyu nechikamu chepamusoro chehudyu. |
| L2 | Pamberi pechidya. |
| L3 | Chidya chepazasi nebvi. |
| L4 | Mukati megumbo negumbo. |
| L5 | Kumashure kwetsoka, pamusoro petsoka, nezvigunwe zvakawanda, kusanganisira chigunwe chikuru. |
Tsinga dzeSacral & Coccygeal (S1-S5)
Tsinga idzi dzakabatana nemagaro, kumashure kwemakumbo, uye nzvimbo yepabonde.
| Tsinga | Nzvimbo yeganda yakabatana |
|---|---|
| S1 | Kumashure kwechidya nemagaro, pasi petsoka nechigunwe chidiki. |
| S2 | Pakati pemusana pechidya. |
| S3-S5 | Nzvimbo yakatenderedza pakati pemagaro, huro, uye nhengo dzesikarudzi. |
Ndezvipi zvirwere zvinokanganisa dermatomes?
Chiratidzo chedermatome chinokonzerwa nedambudziko retsinga kana musana rakabatana naro. Pane zvikonzero zvakawanda zvinoita kuti matambudziko akadaro aitike:
- Njodzi: Kukuvadzwa kwemidzi yemusana kana tsinga nekuda kwetsaona dzemotokari, kudonha, kubaiwa nebanga, nezvimwewo.
- Mabundu emusana kana kenza: Mabundu anokura mumusana anogona kukonzera kumanikidzwa kwetsinga.
- Utachiona: Utachiona hwemabhakitiriya kana hwemavhairasi hunokanganisa musana kana tsinga hunogona kukonzera kuzvimba nekudzvanya tsinga.
- Kuderera kweropa (Ischemia): Kuvharika kwetsinga dzeropa dzinopa musana netsinga.
- Zvirwere zvekuzvarwa nazvo: Kuremara kwemusana kunoitika pakuzvarwa, senge spina bifida.
- Herniated Disk: Tose tinoziva chirwere chinonzi 'herniated diski.' Muchiitiko ichi, diski iri pakati pemapfupa emusana inobuda yodzvanya tsinga.
Zviratidzo zvinogona kuitika mudambudziko rine chekuita nedermatome
Zviratidzo izvi zvinogona kukamurwa kuita zvikamu zvikuru zvitatu.
| Rudzi rweChiratidzo | Mienzaniso |
|---|---|
| Mota | - Kushaya simba kwetsandanyama kana kuoma mitezo (Kuoma mitezo) - Kusunga tsandanyama kusingadzoreki - Kupera Kwetsandanyama |
| Zvinonzwa | - Kushaya simba - Kushaya simba - Marwadzo (kupisa, kubaya nebanga) |
| Zvinozvitonga | - Kudikitira zvakanyanya kana kushaya ziya munzvimbo yakakanganiswa - Kuomerwa nekudzora weti kana tsvina - Unzenza hwepabonde |
Ndezvipi bvunzo dzinoitwa kuti pave nedambudziko rakadai?
Mushure mekunge chiremba wako ateerera zviratidzo zvako uye akuongorora, anogona kukutumira kuti unoongororwa seizvi kuti aone chikonzero chaicho.
- CT Scan (Computed Tomography): Izvi zvinogona kubatsira kuongorora zviri nani mamiriro emapfupa emusana.
- Kuongororwa kweMRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Izvi zvinogona kutora mufananidzo wakajeka kwete mapfupa emusana chete, asiwo musana, tsinga, uye cartilage discs.
- Kuongororwa kweEMG (Electromyogram): Izvi zvinoedza mashandiro etsinga netsandanyama, kureva kuti, masaini emagetsi anofamba sei. Izvi zvinobatsira kuona kana tsinga yakakuvara.
Chii chatinofanira kuita kuti tidzivirire musana wedu netsinga dzedu?
Dermatome inyaya ine chekuita nehutano hwemusana wedu. Saka, kuchengetedza musana wako wakasimba ndicho chinhu chakakosha.
- Shandisa matanho ekuchengetedza: Pfeka bhandi rekuchengetedza zvakanaka paunenge uri mumotokari. Pfeka bhandi rekuchengetedza kana uchishanda pakakwirira.
- Chenjerera pakusimudza zvinorema: Pakusimudza zvinorema , kotamisa mabvi ako, kwete musana wako . Chengeta musana wako wakatwasuka. Dzivisa kusimudza zvinorema kana uine matambudziko emusana.
- Zvidzivirire kubva pakudonha: Chengeta magonhi, kunyanya muimba yekugezera uye pamasitepisi, asingatsvedzeri. Isa mahandrails kana zvichidikanwa.
- Chengetedza mapfupa ako akasimba: Idya chikafu chine calcium yakawanda nevhitamini D. Zvirwere zvinoonda mapfupa zvakaita se osteoporosis zvinogona kukonzera kuti mapfupa emusana atyoke zviri nyore.
- Ramba wakamira zvakanaka: Chengeta musana wako wakatwasuka paunenge wakagara uye wakamira. Usagare panzvimbo imwe chete kwenguva yakareba. Simuka ufambe-fambe kanenge kamwe chete pahafu yeawa.
Pfungwa iyi yemadermatomes muenzaniso wakanaka wekuti miviri yedu yakaoma uye yakagadzirwa zvinoshamisa sei. Kana uri kunzwa kusanzwa kana kurwadziwa seizvi, usazviregeredza, uye taura nachiremba wako kuti akupe mazano.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Dermatome inzvimbo yeganda inodzorwa netsinga chaiyo mumusana wedu.
- Kunzwa kusanzwa zvakanaka, kurwadziwa, kana kurasikirwa nemanzwiro mune imwe nzvimbo yemuviri zvinogona kukonzerwa nedambudziko retsinga yemusana.
- Mepu iyi yedermatome yakakosha zvikuru kuti vanachiremba vaongorore zvirwere zvetsinga.
- Matambudziko mazhinji aya anogona kudzivirirwa nekuchengetedza hutano hwemusana wako uye kuzvidzivirira kubva mutsaona.
- Kana uine kunzwa kusingawanzoitiki (chiveve, kurwadziwa) chero kupi zvako mumuviri wako, usazviregeredza uye enda kuna chiremba wako nekukasika.
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