Patinonzwa kuti mwana wenyu ane fivha uye pahuro panorwadza, tinofunga nezvechimwe chinhu chakaita sechikosoro kana tonsillitis, handiti? Asi dzimwe nguva, shure kwezviratidzo zviri nyore kudaro, panogona kunge paine chimwe chinhu chakakomba. Nhasi tichataura nezvechirwere chakadai, icho chisiri chakajairika izvozvi nekuda kwezvirongwa zvekubaiwa majekiseni munyika medu, asi zvakakosha kuziva nezvacho. Iri idiphtheria, kana diphtheria. Ungave wakambonzwa zita iri, asi tingasaziva kuti chirwere cherudzii uye nei tichifanira kuritya. Nhasi, tichataura nezvaro nemashoko akareruka.
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, chii chinonzi diphtheria?
Diphtheria chirwere chinotapukira. Chinokonzerwa nebhakitiriya rinonzi Corynebacterium diphtheriae . Kana bhakitiriya iri rikapinda mumuviri wedu, rinonyanya kukanganisa mhino dzedu nepahuro.
Fungidzira, bhakitiriya iyi inonamira pamadziro ehuro medu, inogara ipapo yoburitsa chepfu ine njodzi, chepfu . Chepfu iyi inoita kuti masero ari muhuro afe. Mushure mechinguva, masero aya akafa, mabhakitiriya, nezvimwe zvinhu zvinoungana zvoita ganda gobvu, grey mukati mehuro. Zvinoita sekuti mumwe munhu akabaya plaster gobvu mukati mehuro. Ichi ndicho chiratidzo chine njodzi zvikuru chechirwere ichi. Gwara iri grey rinoita kuti zviome kumedza, uye rinogona kutovhara kufema zvachose .
Chepfu iyi haingokanganisi pahuro chete, inogonawo kupinda muropa nekukuvadza dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri, kunyanya moyo, tsinga, neitsvo.
Nerombo rakanaka kwatiri muSri Lanka, chirwere ichi hachiwanzoitiki nekuda kwekubaiwa majekiseni anopiwa vana pakuzvarwa. Zvisinei, mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzepasi rose, kunyanya munyika dzisina kubaiwa majekiseni, chirwere ichi chichiri kupararira. Saka, zvakakosha kuti tizive izvi.
Ndedzipi mhando huru dzematombo ekugadzira matombo?
Dumbu rinogona kupatsanurwa kuita mhando mbiri huru. Dzinopatsanurwa zvichienderana nekuti dzinokanganisa sei muviri. Kuti unzwisise izvi zvakajeka, ona tafura iri pazasi.
| Rudzi rweganda rematombo | Nhengo dzemuviri dzakabatwa | Tsananguro pfupi |
|---|---|---|
| Diphtheria yekufema yekare | Mhuno, pahuro, matoni, muromo wegurokuro (bhokisi rezwi) | Rudzi urwu ndirwo rwakanyanya kuwanda. Rudzi urwu runokonzera kuputira kwegrey pahuro. Izvi zvinokonzera kufema kuomerwa. |
| Diphtheria yeganda | Ganda (chero kupi zvako pamuviri) | Apa ndipo panobuda maronda paganda, maronda, kana maronda. Rudzi urwu haruwanzoitiki, kunyanya munyika dzine mamiriro ekunze anodziya. |
Ndezvipi chaizvo zviratidzo zvechirwere ichi?
Kana nduru yabatwa nechirwere, zvinowanzotora mazuva maviri kusvika mashanu kuti zviratidzo zvionekwe. Asi dzimwe nguva zvinogona kutora zuva rimwe chete kana mazuva gumi. Vamwe vanhu vangasaratidza zviratidzo, asi vanogona kuparadzira chirwere ichi kune vamwe. Izvozvo zvine njodzi.
Ngationei zvakajeka kuti zviratidzo zvikuru ndezvipi.
| Rudzi rwechiratidzo | Zviratidzo zvinoratidza |
|---|---|
| Zviratidzo zvine chekuita nehurongwa hwekufema | |
| Hunhu hwakawanda |
|
| Zvinhu zvakakosha uye zvine njodzi |
|
| Zviratidzo zveganda (Cutaneous Diphtheria) | |
| Kuchinja kweganda |
|
Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti, kana iwe kana mumwe munhu mumhuri yako aine zviratidzo izvi, kunyanya kana ukaona chimwe chinhu chakaita seganda rakachenuruka pahuro pako kana kuti uchinetseka kufema, enda kuna chiremba nekukasika.
Chirwere ichi chinotapuriranwa sei kubva kumunhu kuenda kumunhu?
Utachiona hwemapundu hwakafanana nehutachiona hwekoronavirus hwatinoziva iye zvino, asi uhwu hunokonzerwa nebhakitiriya. Kune nzira nhatu huru dzinogona kutapuriranwa nahwo.
- Nemadonhwe ekufema: Mabhakitiriya aya anogona kuwanikwa mumadonhwe madiki emate anobuda mumuromo nemumhino kana munhu ane hutachiona akakosora, kuhotsira, kana kutaura. Kana munhu ane hutano akafema mweya iwoyo, anogona kutapukirwa.
- Nekubata zvinhu zvakasviba: Mabhakitiriya anogona kuwanikwa pazvinhu zvakaita sendiro, makapu, matoyi, uye magonhi akamboshandiswa nemunhu ane hutachiona. Kana munhu ane hutano akabata zvinhu izvozvo obva abata mhino, muromo, kana maziso neruoko rumwe chete, chirwere ichi chinogona kutapuriranwa.
- Nekubata maronda ane utachiona: Kana munhu ane hutano akabata ronda rakavhurika pamunhu ane ganda, mabhakitiriya anogonawo kupinda mumuviri.
Chinhu chimwe chakakosha chekucherechedza ndechekuti kana mushonga wekudzivirira chirwere usina kunwiwa nemazvo, munhu anogona kubatwa nechirwere cheshingles kanopfuura kamwe chete . Izvi zvinoreva kuti kupora kubva kuchirwere cheshingles kamwe chete hakupe dziviriro yehupenyu hwese.
Ndiani ari panjodzi huru yekubatwa nematombo emunduru?
Kune mapoka akati wandei ari panjodzi huru yekubatwa nematombo emunduru uye matambudziko akakomba aanogona kukonzera.
- Vanhu vasina kugamuchira mushonga we tetanus kana mushonga unosimudzira chirwere: Ichi ndicho chinhu chikuru uye chinonyanya kukonzera njodzi. Sezvo dziviriro inopihwa nemushonga we tetanus isipo, mabhakitiriya anogona kukuvadza muviri zviri nyore.
- Vanhu vane masoja ekudzivirira muviri asina simba: Chirwere ichi chinogona kunyanya kuipa kune vanhu vane masoja ekudzivirira muviri asina simba, vakaita seavo vane HIV, varwere vegomarara, uye vanoisirwa nhengo dzemuviri.
- Vana vari pasi pemakore mashanu uye vakuru vane makore anopfuura makumi mana.
- Vanhu vanogara kana kushanda munzvimbo dzine vanhu vakawanda:Semuenzaniso, vanhu vanogara munzvimbo dzakadai semisasa yevapoteri nenzvimbo dzekurara vanogona kutapukirwa nechirwere ichi zviri nyore.
- Vanhu vanofamba vachienda kunyika dzine katarakita dzichiri kuwanda.
Chinhu chine njodzi zvikuru - ndeapi matambudziko angangoitika?
Kana murwere akasarapwa nekukurumidza uye nemazvo, strep throat inogona kukonzera matambudziko akakomba, anotyisidzira hupenyu. Izvi zvinoitika nekuti chepfu inogadzirwa nemabhakitiriya inofamba nemuropa ichikuvadza nhengo dzinokosha mumuviri.
- Kuvharika kwemusana wemudumbu: Kamupendero kegrey kanoumbwa pahuro kanogona kuvharira nzira yekufema zvachose, uye kutokonzera rufu nekuda kwekushaya mweya.
- Kukuvadzwa kwetsandanyama yemwoyo (Myocarditis): Chepfu iyi inogona kukanganisa moyo, ichikanganisa kurova kwemoyo, ichideredza simba retsandanyama yemoyo, uye ichitokonzera kutadza kushanda kwemoyo.
- Neuropathy: Chepfu iyi inogona kukuvadza tsinga, zvichikonzera matambudziko akadai sekuoma kumedza uye kuoma mitezo.
- Kutadza kushanda kweitsvo: Itsvo dzinogona kukuvara dzorega kusefa tsvina kubva mumuviri.
Matambudziko aya anoita kuti gwirikwiti rive chirwere chinogona kuuraya , zvimwe zvidzidzo zvichiratidza kuti vanhu vanosvika 30% vasina kubaiwa majekiseni uye vasina kurapwa vanofa nechirwere ichi. Njodzi iyi yakanyanya kuwanda muvana vadiki.
Chiremba anoongorora sei chirwere ichi?
Chiremba anoongorora chirwere chenduru zvichibva pazviratidzo zvako uye bvunzo dzemurabhoritari.
1. Kuongorora zviratidzo: Chiremba achatanga aongorora pahuro pako nokungwarira. Kunyanya, achaongorora kana paine jira gobvu, rakaita segrey . Achaongororawo kana paine maronda akazvimba uye fivha.
2. Kuongororwa kwemurabhoritari: Kuti vasimbise chirwere ichi, chiremba wenyu achashandisa swab kuti atore mvura shoma kubva kumashure kwehuro kana kubva paronda riri paganda renyu. Muenzaniso wacho uchatumirwa kurabhoritari kuti aongororwe kuti aone kana paine mabhakitiriya e streptococcal.
Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti kana paine fungidziro yekuti kune matombo emunduru, vanachiremba havamiriri mushumo wekurabhoritari. Vanotanga kurapwa ipapo ipapo zvichibva pane fungidziro yacho. Nekuti muchirwere ichi, sekondi yega yega inoverengwa.
Inorapwa sei?
Kurapwa kwechirwere cheshingles kunoitirwa muchipatara. Murwere anochengetwa mukamuri rakasiyana (kuparadzaniswa) kudzivirira chirwere ichi kuti chisapararire kune vamwe. Kune nzira mbiri huru dzekurapa.
1. Mushonga weDiphtheria:Uku ndiko kurapa kwakakosha zvikuru. Kunoshanda nekuderedza chepfu dzinogadzirwa nebhakitiriya dzozoungana muropa. Nemamwe mashoko, mushonga uyu unomisa chepfu dzakatopararira mumuviri wese kuti dzisakuvadze dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri.
2. Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya: Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inopiwa kuti iuraye mabhakitiriya. Izvi zvinodzivirira chirwere kuti chisapararire zvakanyanya uye kuti chisapfuurire kubva kumurwere kuenda kune vamwe.
Kazhinji, murwere anorega kutapurira chirwere ichi kune vamwe mukati memaawa makumi mana nemasere mushure mekutanga mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya. Zvisinei, kurapwa kwacho kwese kunotora mavhiki maviri kusvika matatu. Zvinogona kutora mwedzi kuti maronda eganda apore. Pakupera kwekurapwa, bvunzo dzinoitwa zvakare kuti hutachiona hwabviswa zvachose mumuviri.
Kudzivirira ndiwo mushonga wakanakisisa - kukosha kwekubaiwa nhomba
Nzira yakanakisisa, iri nyore, uye inoshanda zvikuru yekuzvidzivirira kubva kuchirwere ichi chine njodzi ndeyekubaiwa nhomba . Nhomba yegwirikwiti inoshanda zvikuru. Kana mishonga yese mitatu ikashandiswa nemazvo, inogona kudzivirira vanhu vanopfuura 87% kuti vasabatwe nechirwere ichi.
Pasi peNational Immunization Program muSri Lanka, vana vanopiwa majekiseni anodzivirira zvirwere zvitatu: diphtheria, tetanus, uye pertussis. Kana ukatarisa rekodhi yekukura kwehutano hwemwana wako (CHDR), makore akapihwa majekiseni aya anocherechedzwa.
Zvakakosha kuti vakuru varambe vachichengetedza dziviriro iyi. Kudzivirirwa kwemuviri kunopiwa nejekiseni kunogona kudzikira nekufamba kwenguva. Saka, zvinokurudzirwa kuti vakuru vawane mushonga wekuwedzera kanenge makore gumi ega ega . Kana usina chokwadi nezvenyaya dzejekiseni rako, taura nachiremba wemhuri yako kuti akupe mazano.
Kana muine mibvunzo kana zvinokunetsai nezve majekiseni, musatya kutaura nachiremba wenyu nezvazvo. Vachakutsanangurirai zvese. Zviri nani kuva akachengeteka pane kuzvidemba.
Nguva ipi zvayo yekuona chiremba
Pane mamiriro akati wandei aunofanira kuona chiremba nekukasika:
- Kana muine mibvunzo nezve mushonga we tetanus.
- Kana wakambosangana nemunhu ane shingles.
- Kana uine chimwe chezviratidzo zvataurwa pamusoro apa.
- Kana ukatanga zviratidzo zvitsva kana zvisingatsananguriki.
Usakanganwa: Kana uine chimwe chezviratidzo izvi, kunyanya kana uchinetseka kufema , usapedza nguva uye enda kuchipatara chiri pedyo neEmergency Department (ETU). Kurapwa nekukurumidza kunogona kuponesa hupenyu.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Diphtheria chirwere chakakomba, chinotapukira chinokonzerwa nebhakitiriya.
- Chiratidzo chikuru uye chine njodzi zvikuru kuumbwa kweganda gobvu regrey muhuro, zvichiita kuti zviome kufema.
- Chirwere ichi chinogona kupararira kuburikidza nekuhotsira, kukosora, uye kubata zvinhu zvine utachiona.
- Nzira yakanakisisa uye inoshanda zvikuru yekuzvidzivirira kubva kugwirikwiti ndeyekubaiwa nhomba nenguva. Iva nechokwadi chekuti iwe nevana vako muri kushandisa majekiseni ekudzivirira chirwere ichi.
- Kana zviratidzo zvakakomba zvakaita sekuoma kwekufema zvikaitika, usanonoka uye enda kuEmergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yechipatara nekukasika.
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