Ungave wakanzwa nezveEbola munhau. Ungave wakanzwa kuti iri kupararira munyika dzemuAfrica uye kuti chirwere chine njodzi zvikuru. Zvakajairika kuti unzwe kutya uye kunetseka zvishoma paunonzwa zita iri. Zvisinei, chinhu chakanakisa chekuita kuziva chaizvo uye zvakajeka nezvayo pane kutya chero chirwere chipi zvacho. Saka nhasi tichataura nezvechirwere ichi cheEbola Virus nenzira iri nyore, nenzira yaunogona kunzwisisa.
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, chii chinonzi Ebola?
Ebola chirwere chakakomba, chinouraya chinokonzerwa nehutachiona. Rimwe zita rayo ivhairasi inobuda ropa. Zita iri rinoreva kuti hutachiona hunokuvadza mitsipa yeropa mumuviri wedu. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera kubuda ropa mukati nekunze kwemuviri.
Zviratidzo zvekutanga zvechirwere ichi zvakafanana nedzihwa kana furuwenza. Saka zvinogona kuoma kuona pakutanga. Asi sezvo chirwere ichi chichienderera mberi, mamiriro acho ezvinhu anochinja zvachose. Ndizvo:
- Kubuda ropa zvakanyanya (kubuda ropa zvakanyanya)
- Kurutsa
- Matambudziko etsinga anokanganisa uropi nehurongwa hwetsinga
Ebola chirwere chisingawanzoitiki. Izvi zvinoreva kuti hachionekwi kwese kwese pasi rose. Utachiona uhwu hwakatanga kuwanikwa muCongo, Africa, muna 1976. Kubva ipapo, kubuda kwechirwere ichi kwave kuchitaurwa nguva nenguva. Denda guru reEbola munhoroondo rakataurwa kubva muna 2013-2016. Ikoko, vanhu vanopfuura 28,000 vakaonekwa munyika gumi, uye vanhu vanopfuura 11,000 vakafa.
Kana uine zviratidzo zveEbola uye kana uine kakufungira kuti wakasangana nemunhu ane chirwere ichi, enda kuchipatara cheEmergency Department (ETU) kana kuti ona chiremba wako nekukasika .
Kune marudzi eEbola here?
Ehe, kune marudzi mana makuru ehutachiona hweEbola anokanganisa vanhu. Anotumidzwa mazita kubva munzvimbo dzaakatanga kuwanikwa. Mhando imwe neimwe inosiyana zvishoma pakukwanisa kwayo kukonzera zviratidzo uye kuoma kwayo.
| Zita remhando yevirusi | Chirwere chinokonzera | Zvaunofanira kuziva |
|---|---|---|
| Ebola virus (Zaire Ebola virus) | Chirwere cheEbola virus (EVD) | Urwu ndirwo rudzi rwakajairika uye ndirwo runokonzera rufu rwakawanda. |
| Sudan ebolavirus (Sudan virus) | Chirwere chehutachiona hweSudan (SVD) | Izvi zvine mukana mukuru wekuti zviuraye. |
| Bundibugyo ebolavirus (Bundibugyo virus) | Chirwere cheBundibugyo virus (BDBV) | Huwandu hwerufu hwakaderera zvishoma kana tichienzanisa nedzimwe mhando. |
| Taï Forest ebolavirus (Taï Forest virus) | Chirwere cheTaï Forest virus (TAFV) | Iyi ndiyo mhando isingawanzoonekwi. Ishoma kwazvo dzakanyorwa. |
Chii chinoitika kana wabatwa neEbola? Ndezvipi zviratidzo?
Kana Ebola yatanga, zviratidzo zvinogona kuuya muzvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana. Ngatizviparadzanisei muzvikamu zvekutanga uye zvimwe zviratidzo zvakakomba.
Zviratidzo zvekutanga zvinoonekwa, senge fivha
Zviratidzo izvi zvinogona kuonekwa chero nguva pakati pemazuva maviri nemavhiki matatu mushure mekunge hutachiona hwapinda mumuviri.
- Kupisa zvikuru.
- Kuneta, kuneta zvakanyanya
- Marwadzo emuviri, marwadzo emhasuru
- Musoro wakakomba
- Huro inorwadza
- Kuda kudya
- Kudedera nekuda kwechando
Zviratidzo zvakakomba zvinogona kuonekwa mukati memazuva mashoma
Mamiriro acho anochinja zvachose kana chirwere chacho chanyanya kuipa.
- Manyoka (pamwe neropa)
- Kurutsa (kunogona kuperekedzwa neropa. Zvinoita sekunge kunwa kofi yakakuyiwa)
- Kutsvuka kwemaziso
- Mavanga kana madonhwe madiki eropa pasi peganda (petechiae)
- Kukuvara kana kubuda ropa chero kupi zvako mumuviri (semuenzaniso kubva mumatadza)
- Nhema, tsvina yemazuva ano (melena) - Izvi zvinokonzerwa neropa riri mudumbu.
- Dementia
Danho rekupedzisira rakakomba rechirwere
Kana chirwere ichi chikasvika panguva ino, chine njodzi huru.
- Kukundikana kwenhengo
- Kubatwa nepfari
- Kuzvimba kwehuropi (encephalitis)
- Kuderera kweropa mumuviri zvichiita kuti munhu avhunduke
Ebola inotapuriranwa sei?
Ichi ndicho chikamu chakakosha. Virusi reEbola harisi munharaunda medu chete. Rinogara mumiviri yemhuka dzakati. Zvikuru sei:
- Zviremwaremwa zvemichero
- Mhuka dzakadai setsoko nemachimpanzi
- Mhuka dzesango dzakadai semhara
Chinhu chekutanga chinoitika ndechekuti chirwere ichi chinotapuriranwa kubva kumhuka imwe kuenda kune imwe. Zvadaro chinotanga kupararira kubva kune mumwe munhu kuenda kune mumwe.
Ebola inopararira kana mvura inobva mumuviri wemunhu ane chirwere ichi ikapinda mumuviri wemunhu ane hutano. Mvura iyi inosanganisira:
- Ropa
- Kurutsa
- Chitsiko
- Weti
- Ziya
- Zvakaitwa here?
- Mukaka wezamu
- Urume
- Kana amai vane pamuviri, mvura iri mudumbu (`Amniotic fluid`)
Chirwere ichi chinogona kupararira kana mvura idzi dzemuviri dzikapinda mumuviri wako nepaburi remavanga, paburi reziso, pamuromo, pamhino, kana pamuromo. Chinogonawo kupararira kuburikidza nembatya, pamubhedha, kana patsono dzakasvibiswa nemvura dzemuviri wemurwere.
Inogona kutapuriranwa pabonde here?
Ehe. Chirwere ichi chinogona kutapuriranwa kuburikidza nekuita zvepabonde nembeu yemurume ane Ebola. Hutachiona uhwu hunogona kuramba huri mumbeu kwemwedzi yakati wandei mushure mekupora. Saka, zvakakosha kuti avo vakapora vatevedzere matanho ekudzivirira sezvavakarayirwa nachiremba wavo.
Ebola inotapuriranwa nemhepo here?
Kwete. Iyi inyaya yakakosha zvikuru. Virusi reEbola haritapurirwi nemhepo sedzihwa kana kukosora. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kungova muimba imwe chete nemunhu ane hutachiona, kutaura naye, kana kuva pedyo naye paanokosora hazvizoparadzire chirwere. Kuti chirwere ichi chipararire, panofanira kunge paine kusangana zvakananga nemvura yemuviri yataurwa pamusoro apa .
Ndiani ari panjodzi huru?
Avo vari pedyo nemurwere ane Ebola ndivo vari panjodzi huru yekubatwa nechirwere ichi.
- Nhengo dzemhuri dzichitarisira murwere.
- Vashandi vechipatara, kusanganisira vanachiremba nevanamukoti.
- Avo vanoita mariro emunhu akafa neEbola (hutachiona hunowanikwawo mumvura yemufi).
Ndosaka vashandi vehutano vachishandisa zvipfeko zvekudzivirira (Personal Protective Equipment - PPE) zvinovafukidza kubva kumusoro kusvika kutsoka pavanenge vachirapa varwere veEbola.
Chirwere ichi chinoonekwa sei? Pane mushonga here?
Nekuti zviratidzo zveEbola zvakafanana nezvimwe zvirwere zvakaita sedengue, malaria, uye typhoid fever, vanachiremba vanotanga vakubvunza nezvenhoroondo yekufamba kwako uye kana wakambosangana nevarwere.
Kuti chirwere chisimbiswe, kuongororwa kweropa kwakakosha kunoitwa. Kunonzi bvunzo yePCR .
Kurapa
Nerombo rakanaka, kune mishonga yakawanda yekurapa Ebola kupfuura kare. Mhando mbiri huru dzemishonga dzinoshandiswa dzinonzi ``Monoclonal antibodies``. Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, aya mapuroteni akakosha akagadzirwa murabhoritari anobatsira masoja emuviri wedu kurwisa hutachiona.
- Inmazeb®
- Ebanga®
Pamusoro pemishonga iyi, mamwe marapirwo anoshandiswawo kuti murwere anzwe akasununguka uye kuderedza matambudziko.
- Kupa mvura ine munyu ('IV fluids') kudzivirira kuchengetwa kwemvura mumuviri
- Okisijeni yezvinetso zvekufema
- Kupa mishonga inoderedza marwadzo
- Kupa mishonga yekudzora BP
Mikana yekupora kubva muchirwere ichi inongowedzera chete kana chirwere chikaonekwa nekukurumidza, chikapinzwa muchipatara, uye kurapwa kwacho kukatanga.
Ungazvidzivirira sei kubva kuEbola?
Kana uri kuenda kunzvimbo ine chirwere cheEbola kana kuti uri panjodzi yekubatwa nacho, nyatsongwarira zvinhu izvi.
- Dzivisa kusangana nemvura yemuviri yemunhu ane zviratidzo zveEbola kana kuti akaonekwa kuti ane chirwere ichi.
- Dzivisa kudya nyama yemhuka dzesango (kunyanya tsoko nemapopoma).
- Geza maoko ako zvakanaka nesipo nemvura nguva dzose. Zviri nani kana ukashandisa sanitizer yemaoko.
- Dzivisa kubata mutumbi wemunhu akafa neEbola.
- Kana uri murume akapora kubva kuEbola, dzivisa kuita zvepabonde kana kushandisa kondomu nguva dzose kusvika vanachiremba vasimbisa kuti hutachiona hahusi mumbeu yako.
- Dzivisa kufamba zvisina kufanira kunzvimbo dziri kupararira Ebola.
Parizvino, majekiseni (`Ervebo®` na`Zabdeno®/Mvabea®`) akagadzirwa kudzivirira hutachiona hweEbola. Aya anonyanya kupihwa kuvashandi vehutano vanoshanda nevarwere veEbola uye kuvanhu vari munzvimbo dzine chirwere ichi.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Ebola chirwere chakakomba chinotapuriranwa nehutachiona, asi chinongotapuriranwa chete kuburikidza nekubata zvakananga nemvura yemuviri (yakadai seropa, kurutsa, ziya) yemunhu ane hutachiona.
- Chirwere ichi hachitapurirwi nemhepo zvachose. Hachitapurirwi nekuva pedyo nemunhu anorwara.
- Sezvo zviratidzo zvekutanga zvakafanana nedzihwa, kana wakamboenda kunzvimbo ine Ebola iri kupararira kana kuti wakasangana nemurwere, taura nachiremba kana wangotanga fivha.
- Kana ukapinda muchipatara worapwa nekukurumidza, mikana yekupora chirwere ichi yakakura zvikuru.
- Nzira yakanakisisa yekuzvidzivirira kubva kuchirwere ichi ndeyekuita zvinhu zvine hutsanana uye kudzivisa maitiro ane njodzi.
💬 Comments (0)
Hapana zvakataurwa parizvino. Isa mhinduro yako pano kekutanga.
Wedzera zvaunofunga