Wakamboerekana wava nefivha yakakura uye wava nemapundu madiki anorwadza pamuviri wako here? Pamwe wakabva waenda kunofamba-famba musango, kushanda papurazi, kana kubata mhuka? Saka ichi chirwere chaungangodaro usina kumbonzwa nezvacho, asi unofanira kuziva nezvacho zvechokwadi. Chinonzi tularemia mukurapa. Kunyangwe chiri chirwere chisingawanzoitiki, chinogona kuva chakakomba, saka zvakakosha kuti uzive nezvacho.
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, chii chinonzi Tularemia?
Tularemia chirwere chinokonzerwa nebhakitiriya rinonzi Francisella tularensis . Ichi chirwere chinogona kutapurirwa kubva kumhuka kuenda kuvanhu, icho chinonzi chirwere che zoonotic. Chirwere ichi chinowanzogara mumiviri yemhuka dzakadai setsuro, tsindi, nemakonzo. Chinogonawo kutapurirwa nezvipembenene zvakaita sezvikwekwe nenhata zvinogara pamiviri yemhuka idzi.
Chirwere ichi chinogona kukanganisa nhengo dzakasiyana dzemuviri zvichienderana nekuti chinotapuriranwa sei. Utachiona uhwu hunogona kukonzera zviratidzo zvakasiyana-siyana, kunyanya kuzvimba kunorwadza kwema lymph nodes, uye zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana zvemapapu, maziso, pahuro, uye mudumbu. Mune dzimwe nyika, hunonziwo "rabbit fever".
Ndiani ari panjodzi huru yekubatwa nechirwere ichi?
Kunyangwe munhu wese achigona kubatwa ne tularemia, njodzi yako yekubatwa nehutachiona hunokonzera chirwere ichi inogona kunge yakakura zvichienderana nebasa rako, zvaunofarira, kana mararamiro ako. Vanhu vanotevera vari panjodzi yakakura zvishoma:
- Vanhu vanovhima kana kubata nyama mbishi: Utachiona uhwu hunogona kutapuriranwa kuburikidza nekubata nyama kana mvura yemuviri yemhuka dzinovhimwa.
- Vanachiremba vemhuka nevanochengeta mhuka: Vari panjodziwo nekuti vanoshanda nemhuka nguva dzese.
- Vanhu vanoshanda munzvimbo dzinoruma zvipembenene: Varimi neavo vanoshanda mumasango vari panjodzi huru yekurumwa nezvipembenene zvakaita sezvikwekwe.
- Vanhu vane masoja emuviri asina simba: Vanhu vane HIV , varwere vegomarara, kana avo vanotora mishonga inoderedza simba remuviri vanogona kukuvara nezvirwere zvakadai.
- Vashandi vemapurazi nevaveuri vemakwai: Vashandi ava vari panjodzi huru nekuti vanoshanda pamwe chete nemhuka nenzvimbo dzavanogara.
- Vashandi vemurabhoritari: Avo vanoita tsvakurudzo pamusoro pehutachiona uhu vari panjodzi yekubatwa nehutachiona uhu.
Chii chinoitika kana utachiona uhwu hukapinda mumuviri?
Fungidzira kuti bhakitiriya iri rinonzi `F. tularensis` rinopinda mumuviri wako. Dziviriro yemuviri wedu, masero edziviriro yemuviri, anoedza kubata ne "kubvisa" bhakitiriya iri rekunze. Kazhinji, bhakitiriya rinoparadzwa mukati memasero iwayo.
Asi mabhakitiriya aya ane hunyengeri. Pane kuvanda mukati memasero ekudzivirira muviri, anotanga kupatsanuka nekuwanda nekukurumidza. Pakupedzisira, masero ekudzivirira muviri anoparadzwa, uye boka remabhakitiriya anobuda rinopinda mune mamwe masero mumuviri. Kuparadzwa uku kwemasero uye kushanda kwesimba rekudzivirira muviri nekuda kweizvi ndizvo zvinokonzera zviratidzo zvedu.
Ndezvipi zviratidzo zve tularemia?
Tularemia inogona kukamurwa kuita mhando dzakasiyana-siyana, zvichienderana nekuti mabhakitiriya anopinda sei mumuviri uye kuti zviratidzo zvacho zvinoitika kupi. Kuti tinzwisise izvi zvakajeka, ngatitarisei tafura iyi.
| Rudzi rwechirwere | Kupararira kwaro uye kuti rinokanganisa sei | Zviratidzo zvikuru |
|---|---|---|
| Ulceroglandular | Nekurumwa nechikwekwe kana mhuka ine chirwere. Zvinokanganisa ganda nema lymph nodes. (Uyu ndiwo rudzi rwakajairika) | - Kupindwa nechando - Maronda paganda - Manodhi elymph anokura uye anorwadza |
| Glandular | Zvakafanana nerudzi rwataurwa pamusoro apa, asi hazvikonzeri maronda paganda. Zvinongokanganisa ma lymph nodes chete. | - Kupindwa nechando - Kuzvimba uye kurwadziwa muma lymph nodes pasina maronda eganda |
| Oculoglandular | Mvura kana mvura yemuviri ine utachiona inopinda muziso. Inokanganisa ziso nemasero elymph akapoteredza. | - Marwadzo emaziso, maziso ane mvura - Kuva nehanya nekunze - Ma lymph nodes akazvimba akakomberedza nzeve nemutsipa |
| Oropharyngeal | Nekunwa chikafu chine utachiona kana mvura. Zvinokanganisa pahuro nemudumbu. | - Huro inorwadza zvakanyanya - Kutsvuka uye mavanga machena pahuro - Kurutsa, kurwadziwa mudumbu, manyoka |
| Pneumonic | Nekufema utachiona uhwu kana kuuparadzira kumapapu kubva kune imwe nzvimbo mumuviri. (Uyu ndiwo rudzi rwakanyanya kuipa) | - Fivha, kukosora - Kuomerwa nekufema - Marwadzo echipfuva, kurwadziwa kwemuviri |
| Typhoid | Inogona kutapuriranwa nenzira ipi zvayo. Inogona kukanganisa nhengo dzakawanda dzemuviri. | - Kunzwa fivha yakanyanya, kutonhora uye kudedera - Musoro, kurwadziwa kwemuviri - Kurwadziwa nemudumbu, kurutsa, manyoka, kuvhiringidzika |
Chinhu chakakosha ndechekuti zviratidzo zvinowanzoonekwa mukati memazuva matatu kusvika mashanu mushure mekusangana nehutachiona, asi vamwe vanhu vanogona kusaratidza zviratidzo kwemavhiki maviri.
Chirwere ichi chinotapuriranwa sei? Chinotapuriranwa kubva kumunhu kuenda kumunhu here?
Kune nzira dzakawanda dzinoshandiswa kutapurirana tularemia:
- Kurumwa nezvipembenene: Kubva pakurumwa nezvikwekwe zvine utachiona, umhutu, nedzimwe nhunzi.
- Kusangana nemhuka dzine chirwere: Nekurumwa kana kukwenywa nemhuka ine chirwere. Zvakare, matishu kana mvura yemuviri yemhuka ine chirwere inogona kupinda mumuviri kuburikidza nekucheka kana ronda riri paganda redu.
- Chikafu kana mvura ine utachiona: Nekunwa mvura ine utachiona kana kudya nyama isina kubikwa zvakanaka (kunyanya mhuka dzesango).
- Kufema mabhakitiriya: Izvi zvinoshamisa kunzwa. Fungidzira kana ukashandisa muchina wekucheka uswa kana mumwe muchina pane mhuka yakafa ine mabhakitiriya aya, mabhakitiriya anogona kupinda mumhepo pamwe chete netuguruva tudiki tunokandwa mudenga, uye kunyangwe kuufema kunogona kukonzera chirwere.
Kwete, tularemia haipfuuri zvakananga kubva kumunhu mumwe kuenda kune mumwe. Izvi zvinoreva kuti chirwere ichi hachigone kutapuriranwa nekubata kana kutaura nemunhu ane chirwere ichi. Zvisinei, chirwere chinotapuriranwa zvakanyanya . Izvi zvinoreva kuti kunyangwe huwandu hushoma hwebhakitiriya hunopinda mumuviri hwakakwana kukonzera chirwere ichi.
Chiremba anoongorora sei chirwere ichi?
Paunoenda kunoona chiremba wako, anotanga akubvunza nezvezviratidzo zvako. Achakubvunzawo nezvemabasa ako achangobva kuitika. Semuenzaniso:
- Wakambofamba-famba musango nguva pfupi yadarika here?
- Wakadya mhuka yakaita sechikwekwe here?
- Mhuka (kunyanya tsuro nemakonzo) dzinobatwa here?
- Wakanwa mvura isina kuchena here?
Zvadaro, muviri unoongororwa, uchitsvaga kana paine ma lymph nodes akazvimba, maronda eganda, shanduko pahuro kana mumaziso, uye bvunzo dzinoverengeka dzinogona kuitwa kuti pave nechokwadi chekuti chirwere chacho chabuda.
- Kuongororwa kweropa: Kuongororwa kweropa kunotorwa kuti kuonekwe kana paine masoja ekudzivirira chirwere akagadzirwa nemuviri anopesana nebhakitiriya. Dzimwe nguva aya anogona kusaonekwa pakutanga, saka ungangoda kuongororwazve mushure memavhiki mashoma.
- Kuongororwa kwemuviri: Kutora chidimbu chidiki chenyama kubva paganda rakakuvara kana lymph node yakazvimba kuti chiongororwe.
- Mimwe mienzaniso: Zvinobuda pahuro kana mumhino, uye mvura yakakomberedza mapapu kana paine mvura yakaungana.
Mishonga yeizvi ndeipi? Inogona kurapwa here?
Ehe, ichi chirwere chinogona kurapwa zvachose nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya. Chinhu chakakosha kutanga kurapwa nekukurumidza. Dzimwe nguva, zvichibva pazviratidzo neruzivo rwamunopa, chiremba anogona kusarudza kutanga kurapwa mhedzisiro yebvunzo isati yawanikwa. Izvi zvinoitirwa kudzivirira chirwere kuti chisave chakakomba.
Kurapa kunowanzo sanganisira kutora mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya kwemazuva gumi kusvika makumi maviri nerimwe. Mishonga inonyanya kushandiswa ndeiyi:
- Streptomycin
- Gentamicin
- Doxycycline ( Doxycycline )
- Ciprofloxacin
Zvakakosha: Zvakakosha kutora mishonga yese inorwisa mabhakitiriya yakanyorerwa nachiremba wako. Usarega kutora mushonga pakati pechirwere nekuti zviratidzo zvako zvadzikira. Kuita izvi kunogona kukonzera kuti mabhakitiriya asara mumuviri wako awedzere kusimba uye hutachiona hudzoke zvakare.
Izvi hazvingazoperi here pasina kurapwa? Ndezvipi zvinetso zviri kuitika?
Kunyange hazvo vamwe vanhu vangapora kubva muchirwere ichi vasina kurapwa, zvine njodzi zvikuru . Kana chikasarapwa, kunyanya kana uine hutachiona hwerudzi rweA, huwandu hwerufu hunogona kusvika pa30%. Izvi zvinogonawo kukonzera matambudziko akakomba.
- Kukuvara kwakanyanya kwemapapu (Acute respiratory distress syndrome - ARDS)
- Kutapukirwa kweuropi kana hutachiona hwepfungwa (Meningitis)
- Utachiona hwemwoyo (pericarditis)
- Utachiona hwemapfupa (Osteomyelitis)
- Kukundikana kwechiropa neitsvo
Saka, kana uine zviratidzo, kutsvaga rubatsiro rwechiremba nekukasika kunogona kuponesa hupenyu.
Tingazvidzivirira sei kubva kuchirwere ichi chine njodzi?
Chinhu chakanakisa chekuita kudzivirira chirwere ichi. Pane matanho mashoma ari nyore atinogona kutevera kuti tiite izvozvo.
- Dziviriro kuzvipembenene: Kana uchienda musango kana kunzvimbo ine uswa, pfeka mbatya dzinofukidza muviri wako zvachose. Shandisa mushonga wezvipembenene. Mushure mekudzoka kubva panze, tarisa muviri wako kana usina zvikwekwe, kunyanya musoro wako nehapwa.
- Kutarisira Zvipfuyo: Bvunza chiremba wemhuka yako nezvemishonga inofanirwa kutorwa nemhuka dzako kuti dzizvidzivirire kubva kuzvikwekwe.
- Bata mhuka nokungwarira: Usabata mhuka dzesango (dziri mhenyu kana dzakafa) nemaoko asina kupfeka. Pfeka magirovhosi. Geza maoko ako nesipo zvakanaka mushure mekubata mhuka.
- Kuchengetedzeka kwechikafu nemvura: Bika nyama, senge mhuka yemusango, zvakanaka usati wadya. Usanwe mvura zvakananga kubva munzizi kana hova dzisina mushonga.
- Kuchengetedza nharaunda: Dzivisa kucheka kana kucheka pedyo nemhuka dzakafa. Kana uchifanira kudaro, kuchenjera kupfeka chifukidziro chemaziso kudzivirira kufema guruva.
Unofanira kuona chiremba rini?
Nguva yekuona chiremba:
- Kana uine zviratidzo zve tularemia (fivha, kuzvimba, maronda eganda).
- Kana uchifungidzira kuti wakambosangana nehutachiona uhwu, chiremba wako anogona kukupa mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya kudzivirira chirwere ichi kuti chisatange.
- Kana zviratidzo zvikadzoka panguva yekurapwa kana mushure mekurapwa.
Nguva yekuenda kuEmergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yechipatara nekukasika:
Kana uine chimwe chezviratidzo zvikuru zvinotevera, usapedza nguva uende kuETU yechipatara chiri pedyo.
- Kana fivha iri pamusoro pe39.4 Celsius (103 Fahrenheit).
- Kushaya pfungwa kana kuvhiringidzika mupfungwa.
- Kubuda ropa nekurutsa kana tsvina.
- Kukosora ropa.
- Kunetseka zvakanyanya kufema.
- Kuchinja ruvara rwebhuruu rweganda, miromo, kana nzara.
- Kurwadziwa kwakanyanya mudumbu.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Tularemia chirwere chakakomba, asi chinorapika, chinokonzerwa nemabhakitiriya anotapuriranwa kubva kumhuka.
- Hazviparadzirwi kubva kumunhu kuenda kune mumwe, asi zvinogona kupararira kuburikidza nekurumwa nezvikwekwe, kusangana nemhuka dzine utachiona, uye chikafu/mvura ine utachiona.
- Zviratidzo zvikuru ifivha inongoerekana yaitika, kuzvimba kwema lymph nodes, uye maronda eganda.
- Kudzivirira ndiko kwakanakisisa. Zvidzivirire kubva kuzvipembenene uye bata mhuka zvakanaka.
- Kana ukava nezviratidzo zvakaita sefuruu mushure mekurumwa kana kurumwa nemhuka, enda kuna chiremba nekukasika. Kutanga mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya nekukurumidza kunogona kudzivirira matambudziko akakomba.
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