Musha inzvimbo yakachengeteka uye ine rudo kupfuura dzose kwatiri tose. Asi dzimwe nguva, pane kusawirirana, kusawirirana, uye kugumbuka mumba muno, handiti? Ingava pakati paamai nemwana, pakati pehama, kana pakati pemurume nemukadzi, matambudziko aya anogona kumanikidza mhuri yese. Saka, panguva dzakadai, zvingave zvakanaka sei kana tikakwanisa kuwana rubatsiro rwekugadzirisa matambudziko aya uye kudzoreredza mufaro wemhuri? Ndizvo zvinoitirwa kurapa mhuri.
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, chii chinonzi Family Therapy?
Kurapa Kwemhuri rudzi rwekurapa kwepfungwa kunoitwa seboka. Muchidimbu, i'kurapa kwekutaura'. Chinangwa pano ndechekuvandudza hukama, maitiro, uye maitiro ekutaurirana mumhuri.
Kana uchifunga nezve 'mhuri', ungangofunga nezveamai, baba, nevana chete. Asi muFamily Therapy, 'mhuri' yakakura zvikuru. Inogona kusanganisira:
- Vabereki nevana
- Hama nehanzvadzi
- Vakuru vakaita savanasekuru navanasekuru
- Vanatete navanasekuru
- Dzimwe nguva kunyange shamwari dzepedyo dzemhuri.
Kurapa uku kunotungamirirwa nemupi wezano wehutano hwepfungwa ane rezinesi uyo akadzidza zvakanyanya panyaya iyi. Kureva kuti, mumwe munhu akaita semupi wezano wepfungwa kana mupi wezano. Vanotarisa matambudziko emhuri kubva kunze, vasina rusaruro uye vanopa mhuri nhungamiro, dzidzo, nerutsigiro rwavanoda kuti vanzwisisane, vataurirane zviri nani, uye vagadzirise matambudziko.
Mumamiriro ezvinhu api apo Family Therapy inobatsira?
Pane zvikonzero zvakawanda zvinoita kuti mhuri itsvage kurapwa. Funga nezvemamiriro ezvinhu akadai.
- Kujairana nekuchinja kutsva muhupenyu: Semuenzaniso, kutamira kune imwe imba, mwana anotanga chikoro, kana nhengo yemhuri iri kukura nechirwere chakakomba (semuenzaniso kenza) zvinogona kuda kuti mhuri yese ibatsire kugadzirisa dambudziko racho.
- Matambudziko anouya nekukwegura: Nyaya dzinomuka pakuchengeta vabereki vakwegura mumhuri, uye maitiro ekugadzirisa matambudziko avo ehutano.
- Kutsungirira kuchema kana nhengo yemhuri yafa: Kufirwa nemunhu waunoda kunokanganisa munhu wese. Izvi zvinogona kukubatsirai kupfuura nepakuchema nekutsigirana.
- Matambudziko ehukama: Kusawirirana kunowanzoitika pakati pevabereki nevana, hasha nekutsamwa pakati pehama nehanzvadzi, uye matambudziko pakati pemurume nemukadzi.
Pamusoro pezvo, kana mumwe wemhuri aine chirwere chepfungwa, zvakakoshawo kutsvaga rutsigiro kubva kune vamwe vese vemhuri pakurapa chirwere ichi. Semuenzaniso, kana mumwe wemhuri aine chirwere chinokanganisa kudya zvisina kujairika, senge anorexia, mhuri yese inobatanidzwa mukurapwa pamwe chete inogona kusimbisa zvikuru kupora kwemunhu iyeye.
Ndedzipi nzira dzakasiyana dzekurapa mhuri?
Hapana nzira imwe chete yekuita kurapa kwemhuri. Mupi wezano achasarudza nzira yakakodzera yekurapa zvichienderana nezvinodiwa nemhuri yako uye rudzi rwedambudziko racho. Dzimwe nguva, zvinhu zvenzira dzakasiyana-siyana zvinosanganiswa uye zvinoshandiswa. Heano mamwe enzira huru.
| Rudzi rwekurapa | Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, chii chinoitika neizvi? |
|---|---|
| Kurapa Kwemhuri Kunoshanda (FFT) | Izvi zvinonyanya kubatsira mhuri dzine vana vane matambudziko ehunhu (sekunge kusada kuteerera mitemo, kusateerera mitemo). Zvinobatsira kunzwisisa maitiro emhuri anokanganisa maitiro asina kunaka emwana uye kuvandudza kutaurirana kwemhuri uye nzira dzekurera vana. |
| Mazano ewanano/Kurapa kweVakaroorana | Inoshandiswa pamatambudziko ari pakati pevakaroorana kana vanodanana. Inopa gwara mukugadzirisa nyaya dzakadai sematambudziko ekutaurirana, matambudziko emari, uye kusawirirana pamusoro penzira yekurera vana. |
| Kurapa Kwemhuri Kwakarongeka | Iyi inzira yekurapa kwenguva pfupi. Chinangwa chikuru pano ndechekugadzira shanduko dzakanaka mumhuri. Mupi wezano anopa mazano ekugadzirisa dambudziko remhuri. |
| Kurapa Kwemhuri Kwechimiro | Nzira iyi inotarisa 'maumbirwo' emhuri. Kureva, hukama pakati penhengo dzemhuri, kuti simba rinogoverwa sei, uye kuti mitemo nemiganhu zvinoiswa sei. Nzira iyi inoratidza kuti matambudziko emhuri anogona kugadziriswa nekuziva nekushandura matambudziko ari muumbirwo uyu. |
| Kurapa Kwemhuri Kwakarongeka | Pano, nyaya dzemhuri hadzitariswe dzoga. Dzakabatana nenzvimbo yakakura yemagariro evanhu, tsika, uye chitendero umo mhuri inogara. Izvi zvinoedza kunzwisisa kuti maitiro emumwe wemhuri anokanganisa sei vamwe uye kuti zvese izvi chikamu chehurongwa hukuru. |
Kana nhengo yemhuri iri kurapwa chirwere chepfungwa, 'psychoeducation' chikamu chakakosha chekurapa uku. Izvi zvinoreva kuti mupi wezano anotsanangura zvakajeka kumhuri nezvechirwere chepfungwa, zvikonzero zvacho, kurapwa kwacho, uye maonero azvo.
Ndezvipi zvimwe zvinetso zvinogadziriswa neizvi?
Matambudziko anogona kubatsirwa nawo kuburikidza neFamily Therapy akasiyana-siyana.
Matambudziko muhupenyu hwemhuri hwemazuva ose
- Hukama huri kure pakati penhengo dzemhuri.
- Kushushikana nguva dzose.
- Hasha dzisingadzoreki.
- Kusakwanisa kutaurirana (kusanzwisisana zviri kutaurwa nemumwe, kurwa kakawanda).
- Zviitiko zvinoshungurudza zvakasangana nemhuri.
- Kana nhengo yemhuri ichirwara kwenguva refu (semuenzaniso, `Multiple Sclerosis`, `Cancer`, `Stroke`), chinja mamiriro acho ezvinhu.
- Kurambana kana kuparara kwehukama.
- Kutarisana nekuchinja kamwe kamwe (kurasikirwa nebasa, kutamira kune imwe nzvimbo).
Kana nhengo yemhuri ine dambudziko repfungwa
- Matambudziko ekuzvidya mwoyo - semuenzaniso, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD).
- Matambudziko ekudya - semuenzaniso Anorexia.
- Matambudziko epfungwa - semuenzaniso Bipolar disorder, Depression.
- Matambudziko ehunhu - semuenzaniso Borderline Personality Disorder. Schizophrenia ipfungwa .
- Kupindwa muropa nezvinodhaka kana doro ('Dambudziko rekushandisa zvinodhaka').
Matambudziko ekuzvibata muvana
- Kusazvibata zvakanaka (maitiro anokuvadza vamwe uye anotyora mitemo).
- Dambudziko rekusada kutevedzera mitemo (ODD) (maitiro anowanzo ratidza kusada kutevedzera mitemo uye kutsamwira vakuru).
Pamusoro pezvo, mhuri dzine vana vane zvirwere zvakaita seAutism Spectrum Disorder kana kuti Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) dzinogonawo kubatsirwa zvikuru nekurapwa nemhuri.
Ungawana sei nyanzvi yemhuri yakanaka?
Kuwana mupi wezano akanaka uye ane ruzivo kunogona kuva dambudziko, asi usaora mwoyo.
- Bvunza chiremba wemhuri yako: Kana ukabvunza chiremba wako wenguva dzose nezveizvi, anogona kukupa zano rekuti ungamubatsira sei.
- Bvunza vanhu vaunovimba navo: Bvunza shamwari kana hama yaunovimba nayo nezvenyaya iyi.
- Shandisa Indaneti:Ruzivo runogona kuwanikwawo kuburikidza nemawebhusaiti emasangano akadai seSri Lankan Psychological Association.
Iva nechokwadi chekuti munhu waunosarudza inyanzvi inotenderwa nehurumende uye ine rezinesi. Uyewo, tsvaga mumwe munhu ane ruzivo nezvematambudziko emhuri yako (semuenzaniso, kurambana, maitiro evana). Usati wasarudza mupi wezano, zvakanaka kubvunza mibvunzo yakaita seiyi:
- Wave nenguva yakareba sei uchirapa chirwere ichi?
- Munofunga kuti ndeipi nzira yakakodzera mhuri yedu yekurapa?
- Inguva yakareba sei yatinofanira kushandisa pakurapa kwese?
Maitiro aya ekurapa anoitika sei?
Kurapa Kwemhuri inzvimbo yakachengeteka uko mhuri dzinogona kutaura pachena pasina kutonga. Nekuti mupi wezano anotarisa matambudziko emhuri nemaonero asina rusaruro, anogona kubatsira mhuri kunzwisisa zvinhu zvisiri pachena kwavari.
Mupi wezano anogona kuita zvinhu zvakaita se:
- Nhengo yemhuri yega yega inobvunzwa nezvematambudziko ayo, matambudziko, uye zvinotarisirwa kubva mukurapwa uku.
- Inokurudzira munhu wese kuti ataure uye anyatsoteerera zvinotaurwa nevamwe.
- Kutsanangurana mazwi nemanzwiro emumwe nemumwe kunobatsira munhu wese kunzwisisa mumwe munhu.
- Zvinokubatsira kunzwisisa kuti mashoko ako nezviito zvako zvinokanganisa sei vamwe.
- Inokurukura kuti tingashanda sei pamwe chete kuti tigadzire shanduko yakanaka.
- Inoratidza nzira dzekuchinja maitiro nematambudziko.
Kuti kurapwa uku kubudirire, zvakakosha kuti munhu wese anobatanidzwa ave akatendeseka, akasununguka, uye anoda kuchinja zvinhu zvakanaka. Kuvimbana pakati pemupi wezano nemhuri ndicho chinhu chakakosha parwendo urwu.
Huwandu uye nguva yekurapwa zvinosiyana kubva kumhuri kuenda kumhuri. Dzimwe nguva matambudziko anogona kugadziriswa muzvikamu zvishomanana chete. Muzviitiko zvakaoma, zvinogona kutora mwedzi kana kupfuura.
Ndezvipi zvakanakira zveFamily Therapy?
Tsvagiridzo yakatoona kuti Family Therapy mushonga unoshanda zvikuru pamatambudziko mazhinji epfungwa nemanzwiro.
- Vanhu vanosvika 90% vakapihwa kurapwa vakataura kuti hutano hwavo hwepfungwa hwakavandudzika.
- Vanhu vanosvika 66% vakatotaura kuti hutano hwavo hwese huri nani.
- Munyaya dzevabereki nevana, vabereki vanosvika 73% vakataura kuti maitiro emwana wavo akanga ava nani.
Nekufambira mberi uku, zvinokwanisika kuita zviri nani kubasa kana kuchikoro.
Pane zvazvakaipira here kana kuti njodzi dziripo panyaya iyi?
Kurapa kwemhuri hakusi kwemunhu wese. Kana mumwe wemhuri asingade kutora chikamu, zvinogona kukonzera kusawirirana mumhuri. Zvakajairikawo kunzwa kusagadzikana uye kusuruvara paunenge uchitaura nezvezvinhu zvinorwadza kubva munguva yako yekare, zvakaita sekutya. Mupi wezano akanaka anogona kukubatsira kuti ugadzirise manzwiro iwayo.
Kuti kurapwa kubudirire, zvakakosha kuti vatori vechikamu vaite zvinotevera:
- Kuva akatendeseka uye pachena kune anopa mazano.
- Kuzvipira kugadzira shanduko yakanaka.
- Kutevera hurongwa hwekurapa hwakabvumiranwa.
- Kuita zvinhu zvakaita semabasa epamba anopiwa nemudzidzisi chaizvo.
Unofanira kuona chiremba kana mupi wezano rini?
Kana uchinzwa kuti kusagadzikana kwako, kuzvidya mwoyo, kana zviratidzo zvekuora mwoyo zviri kuwedzera panguva yekurapwa, zivisa mupi wezano wako kana chiremba wako nekukasika.
Chinonyanya kukosha: Kana iwe kana mumwe munhu mumhuri yako ari kufunga zvekuzvikuvadza, ndapota musazvichengetere wega. Endai kuna chiremba nekukasika kana kuenda kuchipatara chiri pedyo nekukurumidzira (ETU). Kuwana rubatsiro ndicho chinhu chakakosha.
Kunyangwe kufunga nezvekutaura nemumwe munhu nezvematambudziko emhuri kunogona kukuomera, asi kutora danho iroro kunogona kuva sarudzo yakanakisisa yaunogona kuita kuti mhuri yako ifare uye igare zvakanaka.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Kurapa Kwemhuri inzira yekurapa nehurukuro inosanganisira kushanda pamwe chete semhuri uye kushanda nenyanzvi yakadzidziswa kuvandudza hukama hwemhuri nekutaurirana.
- Izvi zvinogona kubatsira kuwana mhinduro dzematambudziko akawanda, akadai sekukakavadzana nguva nenguva, kusawirirana, kushushikana kwepfungwa, uye hutano hwepfungwa hwemumwe wemhuri.
- Kuti kurapwa uku kubudirire, kutora chikamu kwechokwadi uye kuzvipira kwemunhu wese mumhuri kwakakosha.
- Kana uri kutambura nematambudziko emhuri, usatya kukumbira rubatsiro. Nyanzvi inokwanisa inogona kukuratidza nzira yekuwana mufaro zvakare.
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