Paunotarisa vanhu vakatipoteredza munharaunda yedu, ungave wakaona kuti kune vanhu vakasiyana zvikuru. Mafungiro evamwe vanhu, kunzwisisa kwavo ruzivo, uye maitiro avo zvakasiyana zvishoma. Chikonzero cheizvi chingave kuremara kwepfungwa kana kukura (Intellectual or Developmental Disability – IDD). Asi unofanira kunge wakanzwawo kuti zvakaoma kutaura nevanhu vakadaro uye kuvanzwisisa, handiti? Nhasi tiri kutaura nezvekuti tinoremekedza sei vanhu vakadaro uye tinovabatanidza sei mubasa redu.
Chii chinonzi Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDDs)?
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, aya mamiriro ezvinhu anokanganisa kudzidza kwemunhu, hunyanzvi hwemutauro, uye maitiro ake. Anowanzo tanga achiri mudiki uye anogona kugara kweupenyu hwese. Asi ichi hachisi chirwere. Inyaya yehupenyu hwake.
Fungai, hazvisi zvigunwe zvedu zvese zvakafanana. Saizvozvowo, munhu wese ane IDD akasiyana. Kunyangwe vanhu vaviri vane chirwere chimwe chete vanogona kunge vaine matambudziko akasiyana, nzira dzakasiyana dzekutaurirana, uye rutsigiro rwakasiyana.
Tafura iri pazasi inoratidza mhando dzakasiyana dzezvirwere zvakadaro.
| Zita reKuremara | Sumo pfupi |
|---|---|
| Dambudziko reKushaya Kunyatsoteerera (ADHD) | Zviratidzo zvinosanganisira kuoma kwekutarisa uye kugara uchingotenderera-tenderera. |
| Matambudziko eAutism Spectrum | Kuchinja muhukama hwevanhu, kutaurirana, uye maitiro. |
| Cerebral Palsy | Chirwere chinokanganisa kudzora kufamba kwemuviri uye chimiro. |
| Kuremara Kwepfungwa | Kuomerwa nekudzidza uye kugona hunyanzvi hwezuva nezuva muhupenyu. |
| Matambudziko eMutauro | Kuomerwa nekutaura pfungwa kana kunzwisisa zviri kutaurwa nevamwe. |
| Chirwere cheTourette | Kurira kusingadzoreki kana kufamba-famba kwemuviri (kutamba). |
Saka, chinhu chakanakisa chekuita ndechekubvunza munhu akaremara kuti zvaanoda nezvaanoda ndezvipi.
Ngatidzidzei nezvekusarura kunonzi 'Ableism'
Izvi zvingaita seshoko idzva, asi zvinoreva chimwe chinhu chatinoziva tese. Kugona kubata mumwe munhu zvisina kunaka kana kumutarisira pasi nekuti ane hurema. Vanhu vanofunga nenzira iyi vanotenda kuti munhu akaremara haagone kuita zvinhu zvakafanana nevamwe uye kuti anofanira 'kunyengedzwa'. Izvi zvinogona kuitwa nekuziva kana kusaziva.
Zvakasiyana zvachose neizvi kubatanidzwa . Zvinoreva kugamuchira kusiyana kwevamwe sezvavari uye kuvakurudzira kuti vatore chikamu mune zvese zvavanofarira. Nenzira iyi, ivowo vanogona kufara, kuva neutano hwakanaka, uye kusvika padanho ravo rakazara.
Tinobatsira uye tinoremekedza sei vanhu ava?
Zvakanaka, ngatitarisei zvimwe zvinhu zviri nyore zvatingaita kuti tiremekedze vanhu ava uye tivabatanidze. Yeukai, munhu wese akasiyana, saka chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuvabvunza zvavanoda.
1. Zivawo kuremara kusingaonekwe.
Humwe hurema hahuonekwe nemaziso edu. Zvinhu zvakaita seADHD , autism , uye matambudziko ekudzidza hazvionekwe. Saka usabvunze mumwe munhu mibvunzo isina basa. Usataure zvinhu zvakaita sekuti, "Hauratidzike sekuti une hurema." Izvi zvinoratidza kuti hurema hwavo hausi hwechokwadi, kana kuti hazvina basa.
2. Remekedza maitiro avo
Vanhu vazhinji vane chirwere cheIDD vanoda kushanda nguva dzose uye zvakarongeka. Zvinoderedza kutya kwavo nekuzvidya mwoyo . Saka kana ukaronga chimwe chinhu navo, ukavataurira pachine nguva, uye ukachinja, vachanzwa vakasununguka kushanda newe.
3. Gadzira nharaunda yakanyarara
Vanhu vane zvirwere zvakaita se autism vanogona kuona zvichivaomera kushamwaridzana nevamwe. Vangasakwanisa kupindura ruzha rukuru munzvimbo dzine vanhu vakawanda. Saka, kana zvichibvira, sarudza nzvimbo yakanyarara, isina ruzha rwakanyanya paunenge uchitaura navo kana kushanda. Vanoona zviri nyore kutaura vega vega pane kuva nevanhu vakawanda vachitaura panguva imwe chete.
4. Vabatanidze muhurukuro.
Vanhu vakaremara vanowanzo shorwa munharaunda vachionekwa sevasingaonekwe. Usadaro. Paunenge uchitaura navo , vatarise mumaziso, tendeukira kwavari wotaura. Paunenge uchivabvunza mubvunzo, rega vapindure. Kana vaine mubatsiri wavo, taura zvakananga nemunhu ari kutaurwa naye, kwete kumubatsiri chete.
5. Yeuka zvinhu izvi paunenge uchitaurirana
- Taura nemutauro uri nyore uye wakajeka. Usavadzikisire. Taura nenzwi rakajairika, uchishandisa mitsara iri nyore. Usashandise mashoko asina kunaka akadai sekuti "Kuri kunaya katsi nembwa," nekuti vanowanzo tora zvinhu sezvazviri chaizvo .
- Taura chinhu chimwe panguva. Kana uchibvunza mibvunzo kana kupa mazano, ipa chimwe panguva. Pane kuti, “Usamhanye,” taura zvaunoda kuita zvakajeka, zvakaita sekuti “famba nekukurumidza.”
- Teerera nemwoyo murefu. Vamwe vanhu vanotaura zvishoma nezvishoma. Vape nguva yekufunga uye kuumba mazwi avo. Zvinogonawo kuvatorera nguva kuti vanzwisise zvauri kutaura. Saka usavakurumidzise.
- Kana usinganzwisise, iva akatendeseka. Kana usinganzwisise zvaakataura, mukumbire kuti azvidzokorore. Kana kuti mubvunze kana achigona kuzvitaura neimwe nzira. Kana usingazvinzwisisi mushure mekumboedza kakawanda, usanyepedzera kunzwisisa. Taura chimwe chinhu chakavimbika chakadai sekuti, "Ndine urombo , ndinoziva kuti zvauri kutaura zvakakosha, asi handina kukwanisa kuzvinzwisisa."
6. Remekedza maitiro netsika dzakasiyana
Vanhu vazhinji vane autism vanonetseka nekutarisa vamwe mumaziso. Kana mumwe munhu akadaro, usazvitora semunhu chaiye. Kana mumwe munhu ane Tourette Syndrome akangoerekana aita ruzha paunenge uchitaura naye, mirira kusvika apedza kutaura wobva waenderera mberi. Havagoni kudzora zvinhu izvozvo. Havasi kuedza kukusaremekedza.
7. Usafunge nezvazvo sechinhu chinoda 'kugadziriswa' kana 'kurapwa'.
Yeukai kuti kuremara hakusi kushaya simba. Kunogona kuva chikamu chehunhu hwavo.
Vanhu vazhinji vanofara nehupenyu hwavo. Havaoni kuremara kwavo sedambudziko rinofanira kugadziriswa. Saka usavaite kuti vanzwe "vasina kunaka" kana kuvaita kuti vanzwe vasina kugadzikana nekutaura zvinhu zvakaita sekuti, "Uri muenzaniso wakanaka."
8. Shandisa mazwi akakodzera
Pane kuti "munhu akaremara", ngatiti "munhu akaremara"Zvinonyanya kuremekedza kutaura kuti “Ndiri munhu.” Izvi zvinonzi mutauro wekutanga . Zvinoreva kuti tinoremekedza munhu semunhu akazara, kwete nekuremara kwavo chete. Asi vamwe vanhu, semuenzaniso, vanhu vane autism, vanosarudza kunzi “munhu ane autism” pane kunzi “munhu ane autism.” Izvi zvinonzi mutauro wekutanga . Chinhu chakanakisa chekuita ndechekuvabvunza kuti, “Munoda kunzi sei?”
Nekuita nekuchenjera nemwoyo murefu nenzira iyi, tinogona kutsigira zviri nani shamwari dzedu, hama, nevamwe vagari vemo vane hurema hwekukura.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Gara uchiremekedza munhu wacho, uye usamutonge zvichienderana nekuremara kwake.
- Ndokumbirawo mubvunze kuti vanofarira sei kutaurirana nekutsigirana.
- Shandisa mutauro unoisa munhu pamberi, wakaita sekuti "munhu akaremara," kunze kwekunge vachida zvimwe.
- Yeuka kuti hurema hwakawanda hahuonekwe nemaziso, saka usatonga munhu nekutarisa chitarisiko chake.
- Iva nemwoyo murefu, uchiremekedza maitiro avo ekuita zvinhu uye nzira dzavo dzekutaurirana.
- Kana uchifungidzira kuti mumwe munhu mumhuri mako ane chirwere ichi kana kuti anoda rutsigiro, zvakakosha kutaura nachiremba wako nezvazvo.
Kuremara kwekukura, hutano hwepfungwa , kugona, ADHD, autism, kuziva vanhu, kuremekedza
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