Varume vanogonawo kubatwa nekenza yemazamu here? (Kenza yemazamu yevarume) Ngatikurukurei nezvazvo!

Patinofunga nezvegomarara remazamu, tinofunga nezvevakadzi, handiti? Vanhu vazhinji vanofunga kuti ichi chirwere chinongobata vakadzi chete. Asi waiziva here kuti varume vanogonawo kuwana gomarara remazamu (Gomarara remazamu revarume). Ichokwadi, hazviwanzoitiki. Munhu mumwe chete pavanhu zana vane gomarara remazamu ndiye murume. Asi, hatigoni kuregeredza nekuti hazviwanzoitiki. Kana ukaona bundu kana bundu muchipfuva chako, usangoti "Aa, izvi hazviitiki kuvarume." Zvakakosha kuratidza chero bundu rinofungidzira kuna chiremba woriongorora.

Chii chinonzi Kenza yeMazamu eVarume?

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, kenza yemazamu evarume inguva apo masero ari munyama yezamu iri muchipfuva chako anotanga kukura zvisina kujairika uye asingadzoreki. Varume vanewo nyama yezamu, sezvinoita vakadzi, asi muhuwandu hushoma. Munyama iyi ndipo panogona kukura kenza.

Zvakakosha kuziva nezvemamiriro ezvinhu aya muSri Lanka zvakare. Nekuti, dzimwe nguva nekuda kwekunyara kana mafungiro asina kunaka ekuti "ikenza yemazamu yerudzii kuvarume?", vanhu vazhinji vanononoka kuenda kuna chiremba kunyangwe vaine zviratidzo. Izvi zvinowedzera mikana yekuti chirwere ichi chiwedzere kuipa.

Ndeapi marudzi egomarara rezamu revarume?

Kenza iyi inotanga munyama yezamu iri muchipfuva chako. Mazamu evarume, seevakadzi, ane matinji madiki anogadzira mukaka (lobules) nemachubhu madiki (ducts) anotakura mukaka (kana uripo) kuenda kuzamu. Zvisinei, kuvarume, aya haasi makuru, nekuti haadi kuyamwisa. Saka, kazhinji, kenza iyi inotanga mumigero. Pane nzira mbiri huru:

• Ductal Carcinoma: Rudzi urwu rwegomarara runotora vanhu vanosvika 9 pa10 vane gomarara remazamu evarume. Murudzi urwu, gomarara rinotanga mumapaipi anotakura mukaka rozopararira kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzezamu. Kune mhando mbiri dzegomarara iri:
• Invasive Ductal Carcinoma: Iyi ndiyo mhando inonyanya kuwanikwa. Gomarara rinotangira mumapaipi emudumbu ropararira kusvika kumatumbu akapoteredza zamu.
• Ductal Carcinoma In Situ (DCIS): Izvi hazviwanzoitiki. Pano, kenza iri mukati memigero uye haina kupararira kunze kwayo.

• Lobular Carcinoma: Iyi imhando yegomarara rinotanga mumaronda anogadzira mukaka (lobules). Invasive Lobular Carcinoma zvinoreva kuti yapararira kune nyama dzakaipoteredza. Zvisinei, rudzi urwu haruwanzoitiki kuvarume, nekuti varume vane maronda mashoma kana kuti havana.

Zvakakosha kuti masero egomarara dzimwe nguva ane ma 'receptors' akakosha akafanana ne'antennae'. Kana mamwe mahormone akasunga kune aya maantennae, masero egomarara anotanga kupatsanuka nekukura nekukurumidza. Funga nezvazvo sekiyi yekuwana kiyi. Muzviitiko zvakawanda zvegomarara remazamu evarume,Kune mareceptor anopindura mahormone eestrogen neprogesterone. Rudzi rwakajairika rweinvasive ductal carcinoma muvarume iestrogen receptor-positive (ER+).

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvegomarara remazamu evarume?

Kazhinji chiratidzo chekutanga ibundu rakaomarara, risingarwadzi riri muzamu, kazhinji pasi pezamu . Zvimwe zviratidzo zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Bundu riri muhapwa.
• Ganda riri pachipfuva rakakombama, rakaita seganda reorenji, uye rinotaridzika semakomba.
• Ganda riri pachipfuva kana kuti pazamu rinotanga kutsvuka uye kutsemuka.
• Kunzwa kurwadziwa kana kusungwa muchipfuva kana muhapwa.
• Mvura yakajeka kana chimwe chinhu chakaita seropa rinobva muzamu, kana kuti zamu rakapindurwa.

Kana ukaona chimwe chinhu chakadai, usangofungidzira kuti, "Izvi zvangoitika." Enda kuna chiremba nekukasika.

Ndezvipi zvikonzero zvegomarara rezamu revarume?

Kutaura chokwadi, kenza yemazamu inokonzerwa nekuchinja kweDNA, kana kuti mutations, mumasero emazamu. Masero aya akachinja anotanga kupatsanuka nekukurumidza uye zvisingadzoreki, asingafe. Pakupedzisira, masero aya ekenza anobatana kuti aumbe mamota. Dzimwe nguva, zvidimbu zvemamota aya zvinogona kuputsika nekupararira kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri kuburikidza ne lymphatic system kana ropa. Kana izvi zvikaitika, inonzi kenza inopararira.

Masayendisiti achiri kutsvaga kuti sei masero ane hutano achichinja kuita masero ekenza.

Zvinhu Zvinokonzera Njodzi

Zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kuwedzera njodzi yako yekubatwa nekenza yemazamu. Ngationei kuti chii:

• Zera: Njodzi yekubatwa nechirwere ichi inowedzera zvishoma sezvaunokura. Gomarara remazamu revarume rinowanzoonekwa muvanhu vane makore anopfuura makumi matanhatu. Izvi hazvirevi kuti hazviitiki muvanhu vadiki, asi njodzi yacho inowedzera nekukura.
• Nhoroondo yemhuri yako: Kana amai vako, baba vako, mukoma wako, hanzvadzi yako, kana mwana wako vakambova nekenza yemazamu kana kenza yemazai, uri panjodzi yakakura. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti mamwe makenza anogona kupfuudzwa kuburikidza nemajini.
• Majini: Mamwe majini anochinja-chinja anowedzera njodzi yekubatwa nekenza yemazamu. Anonyanya kuwanikwa paari iBRCA1 uye kunyanya BRCA2. Pamusoro pezvo, shanduko mujini rePTEN muCowden syndrome, jini reTP53 muLi-Fraumeni syndrome, uye jini reMMR muLynch syndrome zvinogonawo kuwedzera njodzi.
• Kuwedzera kwe estrogen hormone:Zvimwe zvirwere, zvakaita sechirwere chechiropa, kufuta, kana chirwere chemajini chinonzi Klinefelter syndrome, zvinogona kuwedzera huwandu hweestrogen mumuviri. Kunwa doro zvakanyanya kunogonawo kuva chikonzero.
• Matambudziko emachende: Uri panjodzi huru kana wakavhiyiwa kubvisa rimwe remachende ako (orchiectomy), kana wakambokuvara machende ako, kana uine chirwere chakadai se orchitis, kana kuti uine machende asina kusimba.
• Kurapa nemwaranzi: Kana wakamborapwa nemwaranzi panzvimbo yechipfuva, njodzi yako yekubatwa nekenza yemazamu inogona kuwedzera.

Nzira yekuderedza njodzi yacho?

Kana uchifunga kuti une genetic mutation inowedzera njodzi yako yekubatwa nekenza, zvakanaka kuti uedze kuongororwa majini. Kana mumwe munhu mumhuri yako akambova nekenza yemazamu kana ovarian, chiratidzo chekuti ungave uine BRCA2 gene mutation. Kuchinja kwemajini uku kunogona kukonzera kwete kenza yemazamu chete, asiwo kenza yeganda (melanoma), kenza yepancreatic, uye kenza yeprostate.

Chiremba anogona kukubatsira kusarudza kana kuongororwa kwemajini kwakakunakira.

Vanachiremba vanoongorora sei izvi?

Kana ukaona chiremba, achakubvunza nezvezviratidzo zvako nezvinhu zvinogona kukonzera njodzi. Zvadaro vachakubvunza kuti vaone kana uine kenza yemazamu yevarume:

• Kuongororwa kwezamu: Chiremba achabata nyama yezamu rako otarisa kana paine shanduko paganda, mapundu, kana zvimwe zvirwere.
• Kuongororwa kwemifananidzo: Kuongororwa kwemazamu kunogona kuona kenza yemazamu muvarume. Izvi zvinotora X-ray yezamu. Dzimwe nguva ultrasound inogona kuitwa mazamu asati aongororwa kana kuti mushure mekuongorora mazamu kuti uzive zvakawanda nezvebundu.
• Kuongororwa kwemasero ekenza: Iyi ndiyo nzira yakanakisisa yekuziva chokwadi . Chiremba anotora kanyama kadiki kubva pabundu kana panzvimbo inofungirwa otumira kurabhoritari kuti aongorore pasi pemaikorosikopu masero ekenza.

Murabhoritari, vanachiremba vezvirwere vanoongorora sampuro yenyama kuti vaone kana ine masero ekenza, uye kana iine mahormone receptors ambotaurwa, uye kana iine HER2 receptor (puroteni inobatsira kukura kwekenza). Ruzivo urwu ruchabatsira zvikuru chiremba wako pakuronga kurapwa kwako.

Matanho ekenza yemazamu evarume

Kana kenza yangosimbiswa, vanachiremba vachaona kuti "danho" rayo nderei. Izvi zvinoreva kutarisa kukura kwayo nenzvimbo yegomarara kuti vaone kuti yapararira kusvika papi uye kuti yakakomba zvakadii. Panguva ino, unogona zvakare kuedzwa mimwe miyedzo ye "imaging", pamwe ne "sentinel node biopsy". Izvi zvinosanganisira kubvisa rimwe kana akawanda lymph nodes ari pedyo negomarara kuti utarise masero egomarara.

Matanho makuru ekenza yemazamu evarume ndeaya:

• Danho 0: Masero egomarara ari mukati memigero yezamu chete. Izvi zvinonziwo Ductal Carcinoma In Situ.
• Danho rekutanga: Bundu iri diki uye harina kupararira kusvika kuma lymph nodes.
• Danho rechipiri: Bundu iri rakakura zvishoma pane danho rekutanga. Rinogona kunge rakapararira kune mamwe ma lymph nodes emuhuro.
• Danho rechitatu: Gomarara rapararira kusvika kuma lymph nodes akawanda, bundu rinogona kunge rakakura, uye masero egomarara anogona kunge apararira kusvika pamadziro echipfuva kana paganda.
• Danho rechina: Masero egomarara apararira kusvika kunzvimbo dziri kure dzemuviri. Mugomarara remazamu revarume, nzvimbo dzinonyanya kupararira mapfupa, mapapu, nechiropa .

Gomarara remazamu revarume rinorapwa sei?

Kurapwa kwauchawana kunoenderana nezvinhu zvakawanda, kusanganisira rudzi rwegomarara uye kuti rapararira kusvika papi (danho). Ungangoda kurapwa kwakawanda kwakaitwa kakati wandei. Chiremba wako achakutsanangurira izvi zvakadzama.

Kuvhiya

Kurapa kwakanyanya kwekenza yemazamu evarume panguva yekutanga ndeyekuvhiyiwa. Kazhinji, zamu rose rinobviswa. Izvi zvinonzi mastectomy . Dzimwe nguva, kuvhiyiwa kwebundu, kunobvisa bundu chete, kunoitwawo, asi kuvarume, mastectomy ndiyo inonyanya kuitika.

Dzimwe nguva "radical mastectomy" inoitwa. Mukuita izvi, nyama yese yezamu, ma lymph nodes ari muhapwa, uye chikamu chetsandanyama yechipfuva zvinobviswa. Asi ikozvino chinonyanya kuzivikanwa i "modified radical mastectomy." Mukuita izvi, nyama yetsandanyama haibviswi, uye huwandu hushoma hwema lymph nodes hunobviswawo.

Kurapa nemwaranzi

Kurapa nemwaranzi yegomarara remazamu kunoshandisa X-ray kana mamwe marudzi emwaranzi ine simba guru kuparadza masero egomarara. Kurapa uku kunowanzoitwa mushure mekuvhiyiwa kwebundu kuti kuuraye masero egomarara asara. Dzimwe nguva, kurapwa nemwaranzi kunogona kuuraya masero madiki egomarara ari pedyo nemadziro echipfuva kana ganda uye haagone kubviswa nekuvhiyiwa. Izvi zvinogona kubatsira kudzivirira bundu kuti risakure zvakare.

Kurapwa nemakemikari

Chemotherapy kushandiswa kwemishonga yakakosha kuuraya masero egomarara mumuviri wese. Kune magomarara ari munzvimbo imwe chete (asina kuipa), chemotherapy inogona kupiwa vasati vavhiyiwa kuderedza gomarara. Kana, chemotherapy inogona kupiwa mushure mekuvhiyiwa nemwaranzi yekuderedza njodzi yekudzoka kwegomarara kana kuti kenza ipararire kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri. Mishonga iyi haipiwi panguva imwe chete, asi imwe mushure meimwe.

Kurapa kwemahormone

Kana masero egomarara akashandisa mahormone akaita seestrogen kukura, vanachiremba vanoshandisa hormone therapy kuderedza mazinga eestrogen kana kudzivirira mhedzisiro yayo. Tamoxifen mushonga unoshandiswa zvakanyanya kurapa kenza yemazamu evarume. Zvakare, mishonga inonzi aromatase inhibitors, kana ikasanganiswa ne gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists, inogona kumisa kukura kwemasero egomarara anokonzerwa nemahormone.

Kurapa kwakanangana

Kurapa kwakanangana kunoshanda nekukanganisa maitiro chaiwo anobatsira masero ekenza kukura. Kurapa uku kunoshanda chete pamhando dzakasiyana dzemasero ekenza. Semuenzaniso, mamwe marapirwo anongoshanda chete pakenza yemazamu ine mahormone receptors. Kunewo marapirwo, akadai sePARP inhibitors, emasero ekenza ane BRCA gene mutation.

Ndinofanira kuona chiremba rini?

Kana uine bundu risingatsananguriki muzamu rako risingapere mushure memavhiki maviri, iva nechokwadi chekuona chiremba. Zvakare, tevera mirairo yachiremba wako yekuti unofanira kuongororwa kenza kangani.

Chii chinoitika kana ndiine kenza yemazamu evarume? (Kufungidzira)

Rudzi rwegomarara uye danho raro zvinokanganisa zvikuru mafambiro echirwere chako, kureva kuti, fungidziro yacho. Kana chikaonekwa nekukurumidza, mwero wekurapwa wakakwira zvikuru.

Ongororo yakaitwa munguva pfupi yapfuura yakawana kuti huwandu hwerufu rwevarume vane kenza yemazamu (inoenderana nemahormone - `HR+` rudzi) zvichienderana nedanho rekenza hwaive: Mukati memakore makumi maviri ekuongororwa:

• Danho rekutanga: 12.4% vakafa nekenza yemazamu.
• Danho rechipiri: 26.2% vakafa nekenza yemazamu.
• Danho rechitatu: 46% vakafa nekenza yemazamu.

Zvinosuwisa kuti varume vazhinji vanononoka kuenda kuna chiremba. Nekuda kweizvozvo, pavanozoonekwa kuti vane chirwere ichi, kenza inenge yatokura, zvichiita kuti zviome kurapa.

Ndosaka tichiti, kana ukaona bundu risingawanzoitika pazamu rako, enda kuna chiremba nekukasika. Varume vazhinji havafungi kuti vane kenza yemazamu. Saka vangasaziva zviratidzo. Asi varume vanobatwa nekenza yemazamu.Kuonekwa nekukasika uye kurapwa kunogona kuponesa hupenyu hwako. Kana mumwe munhu mumhuri mako akamborwara nekenza yemazamu, taura nachiremba wako nezvekuti ungaiona sei kenza nekukurumidza.

Pakupedzisira, zvinhu zvekurangarira (Mharidzo Yekuenda Kumba)

Zvakanaka, ngatipfupisei zvimwe zvezvinhu zvaunofanira kurangarira kubva pane zvatataura nezvazvo:

• Varume vanogonawo kuwana kenza yemazamu. Kunyangwe zvisingawanzoitiki, musazviregeredza.
• Bundu risingarwadzi riri muzamhu, kunyanya pasi pezasi, rinogona kuva chiratidzo chikuru. Tarisawo mapundu ari muhapwa, shanduko dzeganda, uye kubuda kwemvura muzamu.
• Njodzi yacho yakakura kana mumwe munhu mumhuri yako aine nhoroondo yekenza yemazamu, kana iwe uine makore anopfuura makumi matanhatu, kana uine mamwe majini (BRCA).
• Kana muine kusava nechokwadi, musanyara uye onai chiremba nekukurumidza. Kuongororwa kwakadai sekuongororwa kwemazamu ne biopsy kunogona kusimbisa chirwere chacho.
• Kana ukabatwa nekukurumidza, mikana yekuti upore yakakura zvikuru! Kune nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekurapa, dzakadai sekuvhiyiwa, kurapwa nemwaranzi, chemotherapy, uye kurapwa nehomoni.

Kuziva izvi kunogona kuita mutsauko mukuru muhupenyu hwako nehwevamwe varume vaunoziva. Ramba uine hutano hwakanaka!

` Gomarara remazamu revarume, kenza yemazamu evarume, zviratidzo zvegomarara, mapundu emazamu, njodzi yegomarara, kurapwa kwegomarara, BRCA