Wakambonzwa nezvechirwere ichi chinoshamisa here? Ngatidzidzei nezveMelioidosis kubva A kusvika Z!

Wakambonzwa nezvechirwere chinonzi 'Melioidosis' here? Zita racho ringanzwika serisinganzwisisike. Asi ichi chirwere chinofanira kufungwa nezvacho munyika dzakaita sedzedu uko kune kupisa kwakawanda uye hunyoro, kunyanya kune avo vanobatwa nevhu nemvura. Saka hapana chekutya, ngatitaurei nezvazvo zviri nyore, nenzira yaunogona kunzwisisa.

Chii chinonzi Melioidosis?

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, melioidosis chirwere chinokonzerwa nebhakitiriya . Chinokonzerwa nerudzi rwebhakitiriya rinonzi Burkholderia pseudomallei (B. pseudomallei). Chinotapuriranwa kwatiri kuburikidza nekubata ivhu kana mvura ine utachiona hwacho. Zviratidzo zvaunoona zvinogona kusiyana kubva pamunhu kuenda kune mumwe. Zvinoenderana nekuti wakabatwa sei uye kana uine zvimwe zvirwere.

Chirwere ichi chinogona kubata vanhu nemhuka. Zvisinei, hachitapurirwi kubva kumhuka kuenda kuvanhu . Zvakakoshawo kuyeuka kuti chirwere ichi dzimwe nguva chinonzi "Whitmore's disease".

Ndekupi kwakajairika chirwere cheMelioidosis?

Mabhakitiriya anonzi `B. pseudomallei` anowanikwa zvakanyanya muvhu nemvura kuchamhembe kweAustralia neSoutheast Asia - kunyanya nyika dzatinogara nadzo dzakadai seThailand, Singapore, neMalaysia. Zvisinei, varwere ava vakataurwawo kuti vanobva kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzepasi.

Fungidzira, bhakitiriya iyi yakawanikwa munzvimbo dziri kumahombekombe eMississippi, USA, muna 2022. Zvakare, muna 2021, bhakitiriya iyi yakawanikwa mune chimwe chinhu chiri mu aromatherapy spray, uye vanhu vakati wandei vakagadzira chirwere ichi kubva mairi. Izvi zvinoreva kuti bhakitiriya iyi inogona kuwanikwa munzvimbo dzisingatarisirwi.

Ndiani anonyanya kubatwa neMelioidosis?

Munzvimbo dzine utachiona uhwu hwakawanda, hunonyanya kubata vanhu vakuru vane zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana, kazhinji vari pakati pemakore makumi mana nemakumi matanhatu. Zvinoshamisa kuti vana vari pasi pemakore gumi nemashanu havawanzobatwa nechirwere ichi.

Ndiani ari panjodzi huru yekubatwa nechirwere che melioidosis?

Uri panjodzi huru yekubata chirwere ichi kana uchigara kana kushanda munzvimbo ine mabhakitiriya eB. pseudomallei akajairika, uye kana uine chimwe chezvirwere zvinotevera:

• Chirwere cheshuga : Iri idambudziko rine vanhu vazhinji.
• Dambudziko rekushandisa doro
• Chirwere cheitsvo chisingaperi
• Zvirwere zvemapapu zvisingaperi : Semuenzaniso, `(Cystic fibrosis)` kana `(COPD)`.
• Gomarara kana zvimwe zvirwere zvinoderedza simba remuviri rekudzivirira chirwere : Zvisinei, kutapukirwa neHIV hakuratidzike sekunowedzera njodzi ye melioidosis.
• Thalassemia

Uyewo, munzvimbo dzine mabhakitiriya anonzi `B. pseudomallei` akawandisaVanhu vanoita mabasa kana zvinhu zvekuzvifadza zvinosanganisira kubata ivhu nemvura pamusoro pevhu, zvakaita sekurima bindu, kugadzira minda, uye kurima, vari panjodzi huru. Fungidzirai, Sekuru Kamal, vane chirwere cheshuga mumusha medu, vanoshanda muminda, uye vanowanzopinda mumvura ine matope. Vanofanira kungwarira nezverudzi urwu rwechirwere.

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zveMelioidosis?

Zviratidzo zvaunoona zvinosiyana zvichienderana nekuti hutachiona huri kupi mumuviri wako. Ungave uine zviratidzo mumapapu ako, ganda, ropa, kana nzvimbo dzakawanda panguva imwe chete.

Zviratidzo zve meloidosis yemapapu (Pulmonary melioidosis)

Kana uine hutachiona mumapapu ako, unogona kuona zviratidzo zvakaita se:

• Kukosora
• Kuoma kufema (dyspnea)
• Kurwadziwa kwechipfuva
• Kupindwa nechando
• Kuda kudya
• Musoro

Zviratidzo zveMelioidosis paganda rako (zviri munzvimbo yako)

Kana chiri chirwere cheganda, unogona kuona zvinhu zvakaita se:

• Maronda, maronda, kana maronda
• Manodhi elymph akazvimba
• Kupindwa nechando

Zviratidzo zveMelioidosis muropa rako

Dzimwe nguva, pamwe chete nezviratidzo zvehutachiona muganda kana mumapapu, panogonawo kuva nezviratidzo zvehutachiona muropa (septicemia). Izvi zvinonziwo chepfu muropa. Zviratidzo ndeizvi:

• Fivha yakanyanya
• Kuneta/kuneta zvakanyanya
• Musoro
• Kuoma kufema/kupfupika kwemweya
• Kurwadziwa kwedumbu
• Kurwadziwa kwemajoini
• Kuchinja kwepfungwa kwakadai sekuvhiringidzika uye kurasikirwa nendangariro

Zviratidzo zve Chronic (yakaparadzirwa) melioidosis

Dzimwe nguva zviratidzo zvinogona kugara kwemwedzi miviri kana kupfuura . Munguva iyi, bhakitiriya reB. pseudomallei rinogona kupararira kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri. Zviratidzo zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Kukosora kusingaperi
• Kupindwa nechando
• Kuderedza huremu
• Kudikitira husiku
• Kukosora ropa
• Kurwadziwa kwemudumbu kana pachipfuva
• Kurwadziwa kwetsandanyama kana majoini
• Musoro
• Mamiriro epfari (pfari)

Zviratidzo zvinoonekwa kwenguva yakareba sei mushure mekusangana nebhakitiriya?

Kune vanhu vazhinji, zviratidzo zvinoonekwa mukati mevhiki imwe kusvika ina mushure mekusangana nebhakitiriya. Iyi inonzi nguva yekuzvimba. Asi zvinoshamisa kuti vamwe vanhu vanogona kuva nezviratidzo mwedzi, kunyange makore, mushure mekusangana nebhakitiriya. Saka zvakaoma zvishoma.

Chii chinokonzera melioidosis?

Chikonzero cheizvi, sezvandambotaura, ibhakitiriya rinonzi `B. pseudomallei`. Rinogara mumvura iri pamusoro (mumadziva, munzizi, mumakungwa) nemuvhu. Bhakitiriya iri rinonyanya kuwanikwa munzvimbo dzinopisa kana dziri pasi pemvura.

Vanhu vanobatwa sei ne melioidosis?

Unowana chirwere ichi kuburikidza nekubata ivhu kana mvura yakasvibiswa nebhakitiriya rinonzi `B. pseudomallei`. Kune nzira dzakawanda dzingashandiswa nebhakitiriya iri kupinda mumuviri wako:

• Neparonda riri paganda rako, sekunge ganda rakachekwa kana kuti kukwenywa.
• Kufema : Izvi zvinoreva kuti bhakitiriya iyi inogona kupinda mumuviri wako wekufema pamwe chete neguruva riri muvhu.
• Kufemera mvura ine utachiona mumapapu : Izvi zvinogona kuitika kana uchishanda mumvura kana uchigeza.
• Nekunwa kana kunwa mvura yakasviba.

B. Utachiona hwepseudomallei hunowanzoonekwa munguva yemvura, kunyanya mushure mekunaya kwemvura yakawanda, nekuti panguva iyoyo mabhakitiriya ari muvhu anouya pamusoro pevhu opinda mumvura.

Melioidosis inogona kutapuriranwa kubva kumunhu kuenda kumunhu here?

Iri idambudziko rinosangana nevanhu vazhinji. Melioidosis haiwanzo pararira kubva kumunhu mumwe kuenda kune mumwe. Nzira huru yekuwana chirwere ichi ndeyekubata ivhu kana mvura yakasviba. Saka usatya zvisina kufanira.

Melioidosis inoonekwa sei?

Chiremba wako achatanga akubvunza nezvezviratidzo zvako, okuongorora, uye ozotora sampuro dzeropa rako kana zvimwe zvinwiwa zvemuviri wako kuti zviongororwe. Vanogonawo kukubvunza nezvebasa rako, zvaunofarira, kana nhoroondo yako yekufamba munguva pfupi yapfuura.

Mienzaniso inotumirwa kurabhoritari, uko mainjiniya vanozotarisa sampuli dzako kuti vaone kana paine bhakitiriya reB. pseudomallei uye kuti hapana masoja ekudzivirira chirwere anorwisa kenza. Mienzaniso inoshandiswa kusimbisa melioidosis ndeiyi:

• Ropa
• Weti
• Masvoto
• Urwa kubva paronda

Melioidosis inorapwa sei?

Vanachiremba vanorapa chirwere ichi nemhando mbiri dzemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya muzvikamu zviviri. Iyi imishonga inotora nguva yakareba.

• Muchikamu chekutanga (chakanyanya) : Uchapihwa mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inopinzwa mutsinga (IV) kwemavhiki maviri kana kupfuura. Iyi imishonga inoda kugara muchipatara.
• Muchikamu chechipiri (chekubvisa utachiona) : Uchafanirwa kutora mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inonwiwa kwemwedzi mitatu.

Zvichienderana nekuoma kwechirwere chako, ungangoda kurapwa kwakawedzerwa, sekuburitsa matumbu kana aripo.

Ndeapi maantibiotic anoshandiswa pakurapa melioidosis?

Pakati pemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inopinzwa mutsinga (inobayiwa nejekiseni), chiremba wako anogona kunyora zvinotevera:

• `Ceftazidime` `(Ceftazidime)`
• `Meropenem` `(Meropenem)`
• `Imipenem` `(Imipenem)`

Izvi zvinogona kupiwa semishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inonwiwa nemuromo:

• `Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole` `(Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole - TMP/SMX)`
• `Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid` `(Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid - co-amoxiclav)`

Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechekutora mushonga wacho kusvika wapedza kurapwa kwawakapihwa nachiremba. Usamira pakati nekuti wava kunzwa zviri nani.

Tingazvidzivirira sei kubva kuMelioidosis?

Munzvimbo dzine mabhakitiriya eB. pseudomallei akajairika, unogona kutora matanho aya kuzvidzivirira kubva kuchirwere ichi:

• Kana uine chirwere cheshuga kana chirwere cheitsvo chisingaperi , dzivisa kusangana nevhu nemvura yakamira zvakanyanya sezvinobvira.
• Pfeka bhutsu dzisingapindi mvura paunenge uchifamba muvhu rakanyorova, mumvura yakamira, kana mumatope.
• Pfeka magirovhosi paunenge uchishanda mubindu kana nevhu.
• Kana uine maronda kana mavanga pamuviri wako, afukidze nechifukidziro chisingapindi mvura . Usabvumira ivhu kana mvura kupinda mumaronda, izvo zvinogona kuasvibisa.
• Geza kana kugeza zvakanaka mushure mekushanda nevhu, mvura ine matope, kana kushanda panze.
• Pfeka chifukidziro chinovhara mhino nemuromo wako paunenge uchicheka huswa, uchicheka sora, kana kushandisa masprayer emvura ane simba guru pasi.
• Kana uchifunga kuti ungangove wakambosangana nebhakitiriya rinonzi `B. pseudomallei`, chiremba wako anogona kukukurudzira kuti utore mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya (post-exposure prophylaxis) kudzivirira melioidosis.

Chii chandingatarisira kana ndikawana melioidosis?

Vanhu vazhinji vasina mamwe matambudziko akakomba uye vanowana kurapwa nekukurumidza vanogona kupora zvachose kubva kuchirwere ichi. Zvisinei, kurapwa kunogona kuenderera mberi kwemwedzi yakawanda kuti kubvise zvachose mabhakitiriya. Dzimwe nguva zviratidzo zvinogona kudzoka kunyangwe kurapwa kwapera (kudzoka). Saka, zvakakosha kutevedzera mirairo yachiremba wako.

Zvisinei, kune avo vane matambudziko ehutano asina kujeka, kana avo vasina kukwanisa kuongororwa nekukurumidza uye kurapwa, mamiriro acho ezvinhu anogona kunge akaoma zvakanyanya.

Melioidosis inogona kurapwa here?

Ehe, melioidosis inogona kurapwa nekurapwa nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya ine matanho maviri. Zvisinei, mamwe hutachiona hunogona kukura nekukurumidza, uye kurapwa kungasave kunobudirira nguva dzose. Saka, kuongororwa nekukurumidza uye kurapwa kwakakosha zvikuru.

Melioidosis inogona kuuraya here?

Kana munhu achirapwa nekukurumidza uye zvakakodzera, huwandu hwerufu huri pakati pe10% ne20% . Zvisinei, njodzi yekurwara zvakanyanya nekufa nekuda kwe melioidosis inowedzera kana:

• Ungave uine chimwe chirwere chiripo kana kuti kwete.
• Kukwanisa kuwana rubatsiro rwehutano rwemhando yepamusoro.
• Ndedzipi nhengo dzine hutachiona?

Ndingazvitarisira sei semunhu ane chirwere cheMelioidosis?

Kana ukaonekwa uine melioidosis, tora mishonga yese sezvawakarairwa nachiremba wako . Kana ukarega kutora mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya nekukurumidza, unogona kurwara zvakare.

Iva nechokwadi chekuenda kuna chiremba pamazuva aunopiwa kuti umuone. Kana zviratidzo zvako zvikapera zvodzoka, kana zviratidzo zvitsva zvikaonekwa, kana zviratidzo zvako zvikawedzera, zivisa chiremba wako.

Matambudziko eMelioidosis

Melioidosis inogona kupararira kune nhengo dzakawanda dzemuviri wako uye inokonzera matambudziko akadai se:

• Utachiona hwemapfupa `(Osteomyelitis)`
• Utachiona hwemajoini `(Septic arthritis)`
• Kuunganidzwa kwematumbu muganda, mapapu, chiropa, chirebvu, uropi, kana dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri
• Chirwere cheAcute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)
• Sepsis - Izvi zvinogona kuisa upenyu panjodzi, zvichiita kuti muviri unzwe hutachiona hunokuvadza nhengo dzemuviri.

Ndinofanira kuona chiremba rini?

Kana uine zviratidzo zve melioidosis, kunyanya kana uchigara munzvimbo inowanzoonekwa se B. pseudomallei kana kuti yawakabva kunofamba, enda kuna chiremba nekukasika . Kurapwa nekukasika kunokupa mukana wakanaka wekupora zvizere.

Kana uchifunga kuti ungangove wakambosangana nebhakitiriya reB. pseudomallei munguva pfupi yapfuura, enda kuna chiremba. Anogona kukupa mushonga wekudzivirira mushure mekusangana nechirwere ichi kuti usabatwa nacho.

Ndinofanira kuenda kuEmergency Treatment Unit (ETU) riini?

Kana uine zviratidzo izvi zvakakomba, enda kuchipatara nekukurumidza:

• Fivha yakanyanya (inopfuura 103 Fahrenheit/39.4 Celsius)
• Kutadza kufema kamwe kamwe kana zvakanyanya
• Kurwadziwa kwakanyanya mudumbu
• Kuvhiringidzika kana kumwe kuchinja kwepfungwa
• Kurwadziwa kwechipfuva
• Mamiriro epfari (pfari)

Mibvunzo ipi yandinofanira kubvunza chiremba wangu?

Zvingabatsira kubvunza chiremba wako mibvunzo iyi:

• Ndinofanira kutora mushonga wangu sei?
• Ndinofanira kuuya kuzokuonai zvakare riini?
• Ndichapora rini?
• Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvandinofanira kuenda kuchipatara kuti ndiwane emergency room?
• Ndingaitei kuti ndigadzirise zviratidzo zvangu kumba?
• Chirwere ichi chinotapukira here? (Ndava kuziva kuti izvi hazviwanzoitiki, asi zvakanaka kuva nechokwadi)

Pakupedzisira, zvekurangarira (Mharidzo Yekuenda Kumba)

Melioidosis chirwere chinoda kutarisirwa uye chinogona kuoma kuona . Nekuti zviratidzo zvacho zvinogona kunge zvakafanana nezvezvimwe zvirwere zvakajairika, zvisina kunyanya kuoma. Kana chikasarapwa, chinogona kuisa hupenyu panjodzi.Saka kana uchifunga kuti ungave wakambosangana nebhakitiriya re'B. pseudomallei', kana uine zviratidzo zve melioidosis, kana kuti uri muboka renjodzi rinogona kunge rakanyanya kuipa, usazeza kuona chiremba wako wokurukura zvinokunetsa . Kutora matanho nekukurumidza ndiyo nzira yakanakisisa yekugara uine hutano hwakanaka!

Melioidosis , Burkholderia pseudomallei, utachiona hwevhu, utachiona hwemvura, utachiona hwebhakitiriya, kudzivirira