Waizviziva here kuti kana utachiona hukapinda mumuviri wedu, muviri wedu une uto rekurwisa? Imwe yemhando dzemasoja akakosha muuto iri inonzi Neutrophil. Asi dzimwe nguva, nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana, huwandu hwemasoja aya mumuviri wedu hunoderera. Ndipo apo kunyangwe chirwere chidiki chinova chakakomba uye hutachiona hunotanga kuitika kakawanda. Nhasi tiri kutaura nezvechirwere ichi chinonzi 'Neutropenia', umo masoja ekudzivirira muviri anoderera.
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, chii chinonzi Neutropenia?
Neutropenia (inodudzwa: neutro-pe-nia) chirwere apo huwandu hwema neutrophils, rudzi rwemasero machena eropa, muropa rako huri pasi pane zvakajairwa. Ma neutrophils aya anonyanya kugadzirwa mumongo wedu wemapfupa. Basa rawo guru nderekutsvaga nekuparadza utachiona, hwakadai semabhakitiriya nemavhairasi, anopinda mumiviri yedu.
Saka fungidzira zvinoitika kana ma neutrophils aya akaderera. Zvakaita sekuti mauto anodzivirira nyika adzikira. Kukwanisa kwemuviri wedu kurwisa utachiona kunodzikira zvikuru. Muzviitiko zvakakomba, kunyange mabhakitiriya akajairika mumuromo nemudumbu medu, asingakuvadzi munhu ane hutano, anogona kukonzera hutachiona hwakakomba.
Mazinga e neutrophil anorongwa sei?
Chiremba achaona izvi nekutarisa zvabuda muropa rako. Kazhinji, munhu mukuru ane hutano hwakanaka anofanira kunge aine ma neutrophils anopfuura 1,500 pa microliter yega yega yeropa. Neutropenia inokamurwa kuita mazinga matatu zvichienderana nekuti nhamba iyi yakaderera sei.
| Nhanho yeNeutropenia | Huwandu hwema neutrophils mu microliter yeropa |
|---|---|
| Neutropenia iri nyore | Pakati pe1,000 - 1,500 |
| Neutropenia iri pakati nepakati | Pakati pe500 - 1,000 |
| Neutropenia yakanyanya | Zvisingasviki mazana mashanu |
Chirwere ichi chinogona kuva chenguva pfupi (chakakomba) kana kuti chenguva refu (chisingaperi). Chinogonawo kuva chekuzvarwa nacho kana kuwanikwa.
Ndezvipi zvikonzero zvikuru zve neutropenia?
Panogona kuva nezvikonzero zvakawanda zvinoita kuti ma neutrophils adzike. Muromo wemapfupa haugone kugadzira ma neutrophils akakwana, kana kuti ma neutrophils anogadzirwa anoparadzwa nekukurumidza.
Heano mamwe ezvikonzero zvikuru:
- Gomarara nekurapwa kwaro: Ichi ndicho chikonzero chinowanzoitika. Kurapwa nemakemikari nemwaranzi, kunyanya kenza, zvinogonawo kukuvadza masero ane hutano anonzi ma neutrophils, ayo ari kukurumidza kupatsanura masero, kana aparadzwa. Inogonawo kukonzerwa nekenza yeropa yakadai seleukemia.
- Utachiona: Humwe utachiona hwemavhairasi, mabhakitiriya, uye tupukanana hunogona kudzikisa huwandu hwema neutrophils kwenguva pfupi. Mienzaniso inosanganisira HIV, Hepatitis, Tuberculosis, uye sepsis, utachiona hwakakomba.
- Mimwe mishonga: Kuwedzera pamishonga yegomarara, mimwe mishonga inotorwa kune zvimwe zvirwere inogonawo kukonzera kudzikira kwema neutrophils semhedzisiro.
- Zvirwere zve autoimmune: Apa ndipo apo masoja emuviri wedu anorwisa masero edu ane hutano ane neutrophil zvisirizvo, achifunga kuti ndiwo muvengi. Mienzaniso inosanganisira zvirwere zvakaita se lupus ne rheumatoid arthritis.
- Kusakwana kwezvekudya: Dambudziko iri rinogonawo kuitika kana muviri usina zvinovaka muviri zvakaita sevhitamini B12, folate, kana mhangura.
- Zvikonzero zvemajini: Vamwe vanhu vanogara nhaka chirwere ichi kubva pakuzvarwa.
Dzimwe nguva, hapana chikonzero chinogona kuwanikwa. Vanachiremba vanodana nyaya dzakadaro kuti 'Chronic idiopathic neutropenia'. Izvi zvinoreva "kudzikira kwenguva refu kwema neutrophils pasina chikonzero chakajeka."
Ndezvipi zviratidzo zve neutropenia?
Chinhu chakakosha apa ndechekuti Neutropenia pachayo haina zviratidzo. Zvisinei, nekuda kwekushomeka kwema neutrophils, unogona kusangana nezviratidzo zvakasiyana-siyana nekuda kwehutachiona hwaunowana nyore nyore. Kana ukarwara nguva nenguva, zvinogona kunge zviri chiratidzo cheNeutropenia.
Kana chirwere chikaitika, unogona kuona zviratidzo zvakaita se:
- Fivha (inopfuura 38 Celsius kana 100.4 Fahrenheit)
- Kunzwa kuneta zvakanyanya uye kusina hupenyu
- Huro inorwadza
- Kuzvimba kwemapfundo emuviri
- Maronda anorwadza mumuromo kana mutsvina
- Manyoka
- Kupisa uye kurwadziwa kana uchiita weti
- Utachiona hweganda (kutsvuka, kuzvimba, kurwadziwa)
Kana huwandu hwenyu hwema neutropenia huri hushoma, ungangove uine ma neutrophils akakwana mumuviri wako ekurwisa hutachiona. Ungangove usina zviratidzo panguva ino.
Ndezvipi zvinorapwa izvi?
Kurapwa kunoenderana nechikonzero chemazinga eropa akaderera uye kuti akanyanya sei. Dzimwe nyaya dzisina kunyanya kuoma dzingasada kurapwa.
Heano mamwe enzira huru dzekurapa:
- Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya: Kana uine neutropenia pamwe chete nefivha (inonzi `febrile neutropenia`), inogona kunge iri chiratidzo chehutachiona hwakakomba. Muchiitiko chakadaro, chiremba wako anogona kukugamuchira kuchipatara uye kukupa mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya yakasimba kuburikidza netsinga (nepamutsetse).
- Corticosteroids: Kana neutropenia yako ikakonzerwa nechirwere che autoimmune, mishonga iyi inopihwa kudzora mashandiro emasoja emuviri.
- G-CSF (Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor): Idzi ijekiseni remhando yepamusoro rinosimudzira mupfupa uye rinowedzera kugadzirwa kwemasero machena eropa (kunyanya ma neutrophils). Idzi dzinowanzopihwa kuvanhu vari kurapwa nechemotherapy.
- Kuchinja mishonga: Kana chirwere chako chakakonzerwa nemushonga, chiremba wako anogona kumisa mushonga wacho kana kuchinja mwero wemushonga wacho.
Ndinofanira kuitei kuti ndizvidzivirire kubva kuzvirwere?
Kana uchiziva kuti une chirwere che neutropenia, chinhu chakakosha chaunogona kuita kuzvidzivirira kubva kuzvirwere. Sezvo masoja emuviri wako asina simba, unofanira kungwarira zvakanyanya.
- Geza maoko ako zvakanaka nesipo nemvura nguva dzose. Shandisa mushonga wekuchenesa maoko une doro kana mvura isipo.
- Gara kure nevanhu vanorwara uye vari munzvimbo dzine vanhu vakawanda sezvinobvira.
- Wana majekiseni ese aunoda , akadai sejekiseni refuruwenza, nenguva. Bvunza chiremba wako kuti akupe mazano panyaya iyi.
- Dzivisa maronda nemavanga. Chenesa uye rapa maronda madiki nekukasika.
- Chenjererai zvakanyanya nezvehutsanana hwechikafu. Gezai miriwo nemichero zvakanaka musati madya. Bikai nyama, hove, nemazai zvakanaka musati madya.
- Usashandise ndiro dzevamwe vanhu, makapu, zvipunu, mareza, matauro, uye mabhurashi emazino.
- Kana uri kushanda mubindu, pfeka magirovhosi.
- Pakubvisa tsvina yezvipfuyo kana kuchinja manapukeni evana vadiki, iva nechokwadi chekupfeka magirovhosi uye kugeza maoko ako zvakanaka kana wapedza.
- Dzivisa kushambira munzvimbo dzisina kuchena dzemvura dzakadai semadhamu, nzizi, nemadhamu.
Ndinofanira kuona chiremba rini nekukurumidza sezvinobvira?
Kana uri kurapwa nechemotherapy kana kuti uine chimwe chirwere chinogona kukonzera neutropenia, usanonoka kana ukaona chimwe chezviratidzo zvinotevera. Fonera chiremba wako nekukasika kana kuenda kuEmergency Department (ETU) yechipatara chiri pedyo.
| Chiratidzo chenyevero | Tsananguro |
|---|---|
| Kupindwa nechando | Kupisa kwemuviri wemunhu kusvika pa38 degrees Celsius (100.4 Fahrenheit) kana kupfuura. |
| Kunzwa kutonhorera uye kudedera | Kunzwa kutonhorera zvakanyanya, kudedera, kana kudikitira. |
| Matambudziko ekufema | Kukosora kutsva kana kuti kuri kuramba kuchikura, kushaya mweya, kurwadziwa pachipfuva. |
| Huro inorwadza | Kurwadza kwakanyanya kwehuro kana mutsipa. |
| Matambudziko ekugaya chikafu | Kurwadziwa kwakanyanya mudumbu, manyoka, kana kurutsa. |
| Zvimwe zvinhu | Kutapukirwa nehutachiona hweweti, kuzvimba/kutsvuka kwemuviri, dzungu, kana kunzwa kusagadzikana kupfuura zvakajairika. |
Kurwara neutachiona hwemudumbu (neutropenia) hachisi chinhu chekutya, asi zvakakosha kuti uzvizive uye uchenjerere. Kana ukanyatsotevera mirairo yachiremba wako uye ukatora matanho anodiwa kuti uzvidzivirire kubva kuzvirwere, unogona kubata chirwere ichi zvakanaka.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Neutropenia kudzikira kwehuwandu hwema neutrophils, rudzi rwemasero machena eropa muropa. Aya ndiwo masero makuru anodzivirira miviri yedu kubva kuhutachiona.
- Dambudziko iri rinogona kukonzerwa nekurapwa kwegomarara (chemotherapy), mamwe hutachiona, uye mimwe mishonga.
- Neutropenia pachayo haina zviratidzo chaizvo, asi hutachiona hunokonzerwa nayo hunogona kukonzera fivha, kurwadziwa pahuro, uye kuneta zvakanyanya.
- Kana uine chirwere che neutropenia, zvakakosha zvikuru kuzvidzivirira kubva kuzvirwere. Iva nechokwadi chekuti wagara uchiita hutsanana hwakanaka, hwakadai sekugeza maoko ako nguva nenguva, kugara kure nevanhu vanorwara, uye kuchengetedza chikafu chako.
- Kana uine zviratidzo zvakakomba zvakaita sefivha, dzihwa, kana kufema zvakaoma, zivisa chiremba wako nekukasika kana kuenda kuchipatara.
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