Ngatidzidzei zvakawanda nezve chepfu yechikafu! Rambai muchiverenga musingatyi!

Nhasi tichataura nezvechimwe chinhu chinosangana nevanhu vazhinji, asi vasingazive zvizere. Icho chikafu chinouraya, kana sezvatinoti muchiRungu, ``(Food Poisoning)``. Dzimwe nguva, unongoerekana wava nedambudziko remudumbu, worutsa, uye zvinova zvakaoma, handiti? Saka, chii chaizvo chinonzi chikafu ichi chinouraya? Ngationei.

Chii chaizvo chinonzi chepfu yechikafu?

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, chepfu yechikafu chirwere chinokonzerwa nehutachiona hunopinda muchikafu chatinodya. Utachiona uhwu hunogona kunge huri mabhakitiriya, dzimwe nguva mavhairasi, kana zvimwe zvipenyu zvidiki. Hatigoni kuhuona, kunhuwidza, kana kuravira (zvichida kwete pasi pemaikorosikopu). Asi, kunyangwe huri hudiki, hunogona kukanganisa zvikuru miviri yedu.

Kana utachiona hunoparadza chikafu hukapinda mumiviri yedu, hunogona kuburitsa chepfu. Chepfu idzi ndidzo dzinokonzera zita rekuti 'kuora kwechikafu'. Chepfu idzi ndidzo dzinokonzera manyoka (kurutsa) nekurutsa .

Vanachiremba vanowanzotaura nezve 'food poisoning' sechirwere chinoitika nguva pfupi mushure mekudya chikafu chakasviba. Kazhinji, manyoka kana kurutsa zvinotanga mukati memaawa mashoma mushure mekudya chikafu. Asi mashoko akanaka ndeekuti food poisoning inowanzopera nekukurumidza. Vanhu vazhinji vanopora mukati memazuva maviri kusvika matatu vasina matambudziko enguva refu.

Zvisinei, mune dzimwe nguva dzakakomba, chepfu yechikafu ingada kuti uone chiremba kana kuti uende kuchipatara. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekushaya mvura mumuviri . Izvi zvinoreva kuti muviri unorasikirwa nemvura. Ichi ndicho chinetso chine njodzi zvikuru chechepfu yechikafu.

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zve chepfu yechikafu?

Zviratidzo zvechepfu yechikafu zvinoenderana nerudzi rwehutachiona hwakakonzera. Vamwe vanhu vanogona kutanga kurwara mukati meawa imwe kana maviri mushure mekudya chikafu chakasviba kana mvura yekunwa. Dzimwe nguva, zviratidzo zvinogona kutora mavhiki kuti zvionekwe. Asi kazhinji, zviratidzo izvi zvinopera mukati memazuva 1 kusvika ku10.

Izvi zviratidzo zvekuti mwana wako angave aine allergy yechikafu:

• Kusvotwa (kunzwa kuda kurutsa)
• Kurwadziwa kwemudumbu uye kunzwa sekunge uri kutendeuka mudumbu
• Kurutsa
• Manyoka (kurwadziwa kwemudumbu)
• Kupindwa nechando
• Musoro nekurwadziwa kwemuviri

Kashoma, munhu anogona kunzwa dzungu, kuona zvisizvo, kana kuti kusanzwa zvakanaka mumaoko nekuda kwechepfu yechikafu. Muzviitiko zvisingawanzoitiki, kunzwa kwekushaya simba kunosanganisirwa nechepfu yechikafu kunogona kuita kuti zviomere kufema .

Ndezvipi zvinokonzera kuora kwechikafu?

Chepfu yechikafu inoitika kana uchidya kana kunwa chikafu chakasvibiswa nehutachiona. Kazhinji, chepfu yechikafu inoitika kubva muzvigadzirwa zvemhuka - kureva nyama, huku, mazai, zvigadzirwa zvemukaka, uye hove . Zvisinei, michero, miriwo, nezvimwe zvekudya zvisina kugezwa zvinogona kukonzera chepfu yechikafu.Zvinogona kusviba zvoita kuti vanhu varware. Kunyangwe mvura inogona kukonzera kuti chikafu chiore, waizviziva here?

Kune nzira dzakawanda dzinoita kuti chikafu chisvibiswe. Izvi zvinogona kuitika pakugadzirira, kuchengeta, uye kushandisa chikafu. Funga nezvazvo nenzira iyi:

• Mvura inoshandiswa kurima chikafu inogona kusvibiswa netsvina yemhuka kana yevanhu.
• Nyama kana huku zvinogona kusangana nehutachiona panguva yekugadzirira kana kutakurwa.
• Mabhakitiriya anogona kupinda muchikafu kana chikachengetwa patembiricha isiriyo kana kuti chikachengetwa kwenguva yakareba .
• Chikafu chinogona kusvibiswa kana vanhu vanobika kana kubata chikafu vakasageza maoko avo zvakanaka, kana kuti vakashandisa midziyo yakasviba kana mabhodhi ekuchekera.

Vanhu vane mamwe matambudziko ehutano (akadai sechirwere cheitsvo chisingaperi) kana avo vane masoja emuviri asina simba vane mukana wekurwara nekudya zvine chepfu kupfuura vanhu vane hutano hwakanaka.

Ndeapi marudzi makuru ehutachiona anokonzera kuora kwechikafu?

Kune mhando dzakasiyana dzehutachiona dzinowanzo kukonzera kuora kwechikafu, ngatidzidzei zvishoma nezvadzo:

• Salmonella: Utachiona uhwu ndihwo hunonyanya kukonzera chepfu muchikafu pasi rose. Utachiona uhwu hunowanzo pinda muchikafu kuburikidza nekubata tsvina yemhuka. Zvigadzirwa zvemukaka, nyama isina kubikwa zvakanaka, uye michero nemiriwo isina kugezwa zvakanaka ndizvo zvinonyanya kukonzera chepfu yesalmonella.
• E. coli (Escherichia coli): Utachiona uhwu hunowanzo pinda muchikafu kana mumvura kuburikidza nekubata tsvina yemhuka. Kudya nyama yemombe yakagayiwa isina kubikwa zvakanaka ndicho chikonzero chikuru chekusvibiswa kweE. coli.
• Listeria: Utachiona uhwu hunowanikwa zvakanyanya muzvigadzirwa zvemukaka zvisina kupiswa, hove dzakasvuta, uye nyama dzakagadzirwa senge hot dog nenyama yemasikati . Utachiona hweListeria hunogonawo kusvibisa michero nemiriwo, asi izvi hazviwanzoitika.
• Campylobacter: Utachiona uhwu hunonyanya kusvibisa nyama, huku, nemukaka usina kupiswa . Campylobacter inogonawo kusvibisa mvura. Kufanana nemamwe mabhakitiriya, inowanzo pinda muchikafu kuburikidza nekubata tsvina yemhuka.
• Staphylococcus aureus: Utachiona uhwu (hunowanikwa panyama, masaradhi akagadzirwa, uye chikafu chakagadzirwa nezvigadzirwa zvemukaka zvisina kupiswa) hunopararira kuburikidza nekubata maoko, kuhotsira, kana kukosora. Izvi zvinoreva kuti vanhu vanogadzira uye vanobata chikafu vanogona kuparadzira chirwere ichi.
• Shigella: Utachiona hweShigella hunogona kusvibisa hove, michero isina kubikwa, nemiriwo . Utachiona uhwu hunowanzo pararira nevanhu vanogadzira kana kubata chikafu kana vasingageze maoko avo zvakanaka mushure mekushandisa chimbuzi. Dzimwe nguva, chirwere ichi chinogona kukonzera ropa mutsvina.
• Hepatitis A: Utachiona uhwu hunowanzo pararira kuvanhu nekudya hove dzisina kubikwa kana chikafu chakambobatwa nemunhu ane hutachiona . Zvakaoma kuziva kuti hwakapararira kupi, sezvo zviratidzo zvingasaonekwa kwemazuva gumi nemashanu kusvika makumi mashanu mushure mekutapukirwa.
• Norovirus: Utachiona hweNorovirus hunopararira zviri nyore kubva kumunhu kuenda kune mumwe munhu, kunyanya munzvimbo dzine vanhu vakawanda dzakadai senzvimbo dzekurera vana nezvikoro.

Mamwe emabhakitiriya aya, akadai seListeria neE. coli, anogona kukonzera matambudziko makuru emwoyo, itsvo, uye kubuda ropa , saka zvakakosha kuziva izvi.

Ndeipi nguva dzakanakisa dzekuona chiremba?

Kazhinji chepfu yechikafu haidi rubatsiro rwechiremba, asi mimwe inodaro. Dambudziko guru rekukuvadzwa nechikafu nderekushaya mvura mumuviri . Mwana ane hutano haawanzopererwa nemvura mumuviri kana akanwa mvura yakakwana yekutsiva mvura yaanorasikirwa nayo kuburikidza nekurutsa kana manyoka.

Zvisinei, unofanira kutaura nachiremba kana mwana wako aine chimwe chezviratidzo zvinotevera:

• Kana uchiramba uchirutsa kweanopfuura maawa gumi nemaviri
• Kana uine manyoka nefivha inodarika 38.3°C (101°F)
• Kana uine kurwadziwa kwakanyanya mudumbu kusingapere kunyangwe mushure mekuita zvekubvisa tsvina
• Kana uine tsvina ine ropa (ingava manyoka kana tsvina yakajairika) kana kana uchirutsa ropa
• Kana tsvina yako yakasviba kana kuti yepepuru yakasviba (izvi zvinogona kuva chiratidzo chekubuda ropa mukati)
• Hazvina kuipa kana moyo wako uchirova nekukurumidza, asi kana uchinzwa sekuti chipfuva chako chiri kurova,

Unofanirawo kuziva zviratidzo zvekupererwa nemvura mumuviri. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Nyota zvikuru
• Kana ukaita weti shoma kana kuti usingaite zvachose (kana usati waita weti kwemaawa 6-8, inyaya yakakomba)
• Dzungu
• Kana maziso ako akaita seakanyura
• Kunzwa dzungu kana kuti musoro wakaneta

Kana mumwe munhu mumhuri yako achangobva kuenda kunze kwenyika uye mwana wako atanga kuva nemanyoka kana mamwe matambudziko emudumbu , fonera chiremba wako .

Kukuvadzwa nechikafu (kunyanya kushaya mvura mumuviri) kunogona kuva kwakanyanya kune vanhu vane masoja emuviri asina simba kana zvimwe zvirwere . Kana mwana wako aine chirwere (chakadai sematambudziko eitsvo kana chirwere chesickle cell), fonera chiremba wako nekukasika. Vakadzi vane pamuviri vanofanirawo kuudza chiremba wavo kana vakabatwa nechikafu, nekuti humwe utachiona hunogona kukanganisa mwana ari mudumbu.

Ungaziva sei zvakarurama kuti chii chinonzi mhinduro yechikafu?

Chiremba achabvunza nezvezvinhu zvakaita sekudya kwemwana wako nguva pfupi yadarika uye kuti zviratidzo zvakatanga riini . Chiremba achaongorora mwana uye anogona kutora ropa, tsvina, kana weti kuti azvitumire kurabhoritari kuti zviongororwe. Izvi zvinogona kubatsira chiremba kuwana chikonzero chechirwere.

Unobata sei chepfu yechikafu?

Kazhinji, chepfu yechikafu inonyangarika yoga mumazuva mashoma. Zvisinei, dzimwe nguva, vanachiremba vanopa mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya kana paine chepfu yakanyanya yechikafu inokonzerwa nemabhakitiriya. Mwana ane mvura shoma mumuviri angangoda kurapwa muchipatara nemidziyo yemutsinga .

Ndezvipi zvirongwa zvinogona kuitwa kumba?

Poison yechikafu inowanzopera yoga mukati memazuva mashoma. Panguva ino, hezvino zvimwe zvinhu zvaunogona kuita kuti ubatsire mwana wako kunzwa zviri nani:

• Zorora zvakakwana. Kusanyanya kushanda nesimba mumuviri wako kuchakubatsira kuti upore nekukurumidza.
• Ipai mvura kuti musapere mvura mumuviri. Mishonga ye electrolyte yakaita seJeevani yakanaka, asi munogona kupa chero chimwe chinhu chisiri mukaka kana zvinwiwa zvine caffeine (senge tii kana kofi), zvakaita semvura isina kuzara, porridge, kana soup.
• Vape mvura shoma, kakawanda. Izvi zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kuchengetedza mvura uye kuderedza kurutsa.
• Usape vana chikafu chakasimba nemukaka kusvika manyoka apera zvachose.

Rangarira izvi: Usatore mishonga yekudzivirira manyoka inotengwa pasina kurairwa nachiremba. Iyi inogona kunonotsa kubviswa kwezvirwere zvinobva muchikafu, zvichiita kuti zviratidzo zvigare kwenguva refu.

Kana manyoka nekurutsa zvapera, ipa mwana wako chikafu chidiki, chisina kusimba, chisina mafuta akawanda (semuenzaniso, porridge yemupunga, miriwo yakakangwa, soup) kwemazuva mashoma . Izvi zvichamubatsira kudzivirira marwadzo emudumbu.

Kana zviratidzo zvikawedzera kana kuti ukaona zviratidzo zvekupererwa nemvura mumuviri, fonera chiremba nekukasika.

Chii chatinofanira kuita kuti tisabatwa nechirwere chepfungwa?

"Kudzivirira kuri nani pane kurapa," vanodaro. Saka, zvakakosha kutevedzera mazano aya kuti udzivirire mhuri yako kubva muchetura wekudya:

• Dzidzisai munhu wese mumhuri kugeza maoko avo zvakanaka uye kakawanda . Kunyanya mushure mekushandisa chimbuzi, musati mabata chikafu, uye mushure mekubata chikafu chisina kubikwa (nyama, hove). Shandisa sipo nemvura inopisa uye pukutai kwemasekondi angangoita 15-20.
• Geza midziyo yese, mapuranga ekuchekera, nenzvimbo dzekushandira dzinoshandiswa pakugadzirira chikafu zvakanaka nemvura inopisa ine sipo .
• Musape mukaka usina kupiswa kana chikafu chakagadzirwa nawo.
• Gezai miriwo nemichero yose isina kuchekwa (semuenzaniso mazambiringa, mabhanana) zvakanaka pasi pemvura inoyerera.
• Chengeta chikafu chisina kubikwa (kunyanya nyama, huku, uye hove) chakasiyana nezvimwe zvekudya kusvika zvagadzirira kubikwa. Usashandise bhodhi rimwe chete rekucheka nyama isina kubikwa nesaradhi.
• Shandisa chikafu chinoora kana chikafu chine zuva rekupera nekukurumidza.
• Bikai mhuka dzose zvakanaka kusvika pakupisa kwemukati kwakachengeteka. Shandisai thermometer yenyama kana iripo.
• Kana nyama yemombe yakakuyiwa nenyama yenguruve, zvinoreva kuti tembiricha yacho inofanira kunge iri pasi pe160°F (71°C).
• Kana nyama yakachekwa-chekwa (senge nyama yemombe, yegwayana), tembiricha yakachengeteka ndeye 145°F (63°C).
• Huku nekakuku (yakakuyiwa uye yakazara), kusvika pakupisa kuri pakati pe165°F (74°C).
• Bika mazai ehuku kusvika zai raoma .
• Hove dzinowanzo dyiwa zvakachengeteka kana dzasvika tembiricha ye145°F (63°C).
• Isa zvasara mufiriji mukati memaawa maviri (awa imwe chete kana kuchipisa). Kana zvichibvira, chengeta mumidziyo isingapindi mhepo.
• Paunenge uchinyungudutsa chikafu, chinyungudise mufiriji, mu microwave, kana mumvura inotonhora iri kuyerera. Usambofa wakanyungudutsa chikafu patembiricha yemumba.
• Kana chikafu chapfuura zuva rachinenge chapera, chine ruvara, kuravira, kana kunhuhwirira kusinganzwisisike, chirasire kure. Kana usina chokwadi, usachidye!
• Kana uine pamuviri, dzivisa zvachose kudya nyama mbishi kana kuti isina kubikwa zvakanaka, hove dzemugungwa, hove dzakasvuta, mazai mbishi nezvikafu zvinogona kunge zvine mazai mbishi (zvakadai semayonnaise yakagadzirwa kumba), chizi dzakapfava, mukaka usina kupiswa nemafuta uye zvinwiwa zvemichero, mapati, masaradhi anotengwa muchitoro, nyama dzemasikati, uye hot dogs .
• Usanwa mvura inobva munzizi kana mumatsime asina kuchena.

Kana mumwe munhu mumhuri yako aine chirwere chekushaya chikafu, fonera dhipatimendi rezvehutano remunharaunda yako. Vanogona kuwana chikonzero uye kumisa kupararira kwechirwere chinogona kukanganisa vamwe.

Saka, ndezvipi zvinhu zvakakosha zvatinofanira kurangarira kubva munyaya iyi?

Kurwara nechikafu kunogona kuitika kune chero munhu, asi kana tikangwarira, tinogona kukudzivirira. Kugadzirira chikafu zvakachena, kubika zvakanaka, uye kugeza maoko edu zvakanaka ndizvo zvinhu zvinonyanya kukosha. Kana mwana aine kurwadziwa nemudumbu, kurutsa, kana manyoka, zvakakosha kuti agare aine mvura yakawanda. Izvi zvinoreva kumupa mvura yakawanda. Kana chirwere chacho chikaita sechakakomba, kana aine fivha, kana akaratidza zviratidzo zvekupererwa nemvura mumuviri, enda kuna chiremba nekukasika. Hapana chekunetseka nacho, kazhinji kacho zvichava nani mumazuva mashoma. Asi, kuziva ndiyo nzira yakanakisisa yekudzivirira! Rambai muine hutano, munhu wese!

` Kuchetura chikafu, kuchetura chikafu, manyoka, kurutsa, kupera mvura mumuviri, mabhakitiriya, kuchengetedzeka kwechikafu