Ndiani 'nyamukuta'? Ndiye munhu anobatsira pakubereka here? Ngatikurukurei!

Mhoroi! Nhasi tichataura nezvenyaya inogona kukosha kuvanhu vazhinji. Ungave wakambonzwa nezvemumwe munhu anonzi 'nyamukuta'. Asi ndiani chaizvo 'nyamukuta' uyu? Vanoita sei? Uku kuedza kungonzwisisa rudzi rwebasa raunowana kubva kuvanhu ava, kunyanya saamai.

Ndiani chaizvo 'nyamukuta'?

Muchidimbu, nyamukuta mushandi wehutano akadzidza zvakanyanya nezvehutano hwekubereka hwevakadzi, ndiko kuti, kubereka mwana nezvimwe zvine chekuita nazvo. Fungidzira, kana uchitarisira kuva amai, vanhu ava vanogona kukubatsira nemazano ese nerubatsiro rwaunoda panguva yekuzvitakura, rubatsiro panguva yekusununguka, uye kutarisirwa kwaunoda iwe nemwana wako mushure mekubereka mwana. Asi kazhinji, mabasa avo ndeekubatsira pamuviri usina njodzi, pasina matambudziko makuru .

Pamusoro pezvo, vamwe vananyamukuta vanopa mazano pamusoro penzira dzekuronga mhuri, kureva, kudzora pamuviri, nedzimwe nyaya dzehutano dzine chekuita nevakadzi, dzakadai sekuguma kuenda kumwedzi. Vanowanzo shanda pamwe chete navanachiremba. Zvisinei, mune dzimwe nyika, vanobvumirwawo kushanda vakazvimiririra, zvichienderana nehurongwa hwemutemo.

Kune mhando dzakasiyana dzevananyamukuta here?

Ehe, kune mazinga akasiyana ekudzidziswa uye zvitupa zve 'vananyamukuta'. Havasi vese vakafanana. Ngationei kuti izvozvo zvinoshanda sei. Mune dzimwe nyika, kupatsanurwa uku kwakanyatsotsanangurwa. Semuenzaniso, munyika yakaita seAmerica, vanopatsanurwa zvichienderana nedzidzo yavo nezvitupa zvavo. MuSri Lanka, basa re'Vanyamukuta Vemhuri' redu rakasiyana zvishoma nepfungwa ye'vananyamukuta'. MaPHM edu anobatsira zvakanyanya kuhutano hwenharaunda, kutarisirwa kwemadzimai ane pamuviri nevana vadiki kumba, uye majekiseni. Asi 'vananyamukuta' vatinotaura nezvavo nhasi munhu anoita basa rakananga mukuzvara mwana, dzimwe nguva achibata basa guru.

Kazhinji, mazinga makuru ekudzidziswa ndeaya anotevera:

• Avo vane dzidzo yepamusoro yezvekurapa uye dhigirii: Ava vanhu vanowanzova nedhigirii muukoti uye vozowana dhigirii rakasiyana-siyana mukurapa vana vanozvara. Vanogona kupa mabasa akasiyana-siyana. Izvi zvinoreva kuti vanogona kupa rubatsiro panguva yekuzvitakura, kubatsira pakuzvara, kupa rubatsiro mushure mekusununguka, uye kurapa mamwe matambudziko emadzimai. Vanoshanda muzvipatara, munzvimbo dzekuzvarira, makiriniki, uye, kana zvakakodzera, kuzvarira kumba. Mune dzimwe nyika, vanonzi Certified Nurse Midwives (CNMs) kana Certified Midwives (CMs).

• Avo vakapedza mapurogiramu ekudzidziswa e'kubereka vana':Vananyamukuta ava vangasava nedhigirii reyunivhesiti, asi vanopedza kosi yekudzidziswa yakasarudzika (inenge makore matatu kusvika mana) uye vanopasa bvunzo kuti vave vananyamukuta. Vanonyanya kutarisa pakubatsira vanaamai vane pamuviri husina njodzi yekuzvarira munzvimbo dzekuberekera kana kumba. Zvisinei, kusiyana nerudzi rwataurwa pamusoro apa, havawanzo bvumidzwa kunyora mishonga, kushanda muzviitiko zvakaoma muzvipatara, kana kurapa matambudziko emadzimai mumadzimai asina pamuviri. Mune dzimwe nyika, vanonzi ``Vananyamukuta Vakasimbiswa - CPMs''.

• Vananyamukuta vechivanhu kana vechivanhu: Vananyamukuta ava vanogona kunge vasina kudzidziswa kana chitupa chepamutemo. Vanogona kunge vakadzidza basa iri vega, vakashanda sevadzidzi vari pasi pemunyamukuta ane ruzivo, kana kuti vakadzidza kuburikidza netsika. Vanozivikanwawo se'Lay Midwives' kana kuti 'Traditional Midwives'. Mune dzimwe nyika, vanobvumirwawo kushanda pasi pemutemo, asi kazhinji kacho chete pavana vanozvarira kumba.

Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti kana uri kufunga nezvekutsvaga rubatsiro kubva kuna nyamukuta, unofanira kunyatsoongorora kudzidziswa kwemunhu iyeye, hunyanzvi hwake, uye ruzivo rwake.

Mumamiriro ezvinhu api aunotsvaga rubatsiro rwemunyamukuta?

Zvino ungave uchifunga kuti, 'Saka ndiani angasarudza 'nyamukuta'? Hazvingave nani here kuona chiremba?' Ichokwadi, kazhinji, patinofunga nezvekubereka, tinofunga nezvechiremba wezvekubereka uye chiremba wevakadzi (OB-GYN). Asi vamwe vanhu vanosarudza kutsvaga rubatsiro rwe'nyamukuta'. Panogona kunge paine zvikonzero zvakati wandei zveizvi.

Pamwe imhaka yekuti vanofunga kuti zvavanoda ivo pachavo, ndiko kuti, nzira iyo mbuya vanopa rubatsiro, iyo pfungwa, inoenderana zvakanaka nezvavanotarisira. Vananyamukuta vanowanzoona kubereka senzira yechisikigo. Nokudaro, vanoedza kuderedza kupindira kwekurapa kusingakoshi uye vanopa rubatsiro rwakakodzera kune mumwe nemumwe.

Asi pane chimwe chinhu chaunofanira kurangarira pano. Mabasa evananyamukuta akakodzera chete vanaamai vane hutano hwakanaka uye vasingazove nematambudziko makuru panguva yekuzvitakura kana kusununguka (kureva kuti, 'vane njodzi shoma').

Uyezve, kune avo vasina kukodzera zvakanyanya mabasa evananyamukuta. Kureva, avo vane pamuviri vanowira muchikamu che "high-risk". Heano mienzaniso mishoma:

• Kana uine BP yakakwira.
• Kana uchirwara nechirwere cheshuga mellitus.
• Kana uine chirwere chemwoyo.
• Kana wakatakura mapatya kana kupfuura (akawanda).
• Kana mwana asina kumira zvakanaka, kureva kuti, kana mwana akatendeukira kumagaro uye ari panzvimbo yakaita se "Breech".
• Kana wakambova nemwana nekuvhiyiwa (C-section) (izvi zvinogonawo kuva njodzi mune dzimwe nguva).

Muzviitiko zvakaita seizvi, zvakachengeteka kuzvarira muchipatara chine nzvimbo dzinodiwa, uchitarisirwa nachiremba wezvemadzimai (OB-GYN).

Ngatidzidzei zvishoma nezvekuwana rubatsiro kubva kuna 'nyamukuta'

Pane chimwe chinhu chaunofanira kuziva. Munyika dzakawanda, kunyanya munyika dzakadai seUnited States, vanachiremba vevana nevanorwara nemadzimai vanokurudzira kuti nzvimbo dzakachengeteka uye dzakakodzera dzekuberekera zvipatara kana nzvimbo dzekuberekera dzakanyoreswa . Izvi zvinodaro nekuti vane nzvimbo dzekupa rubatsiro rwekurapa nekukurumidza kana pakaitika emergency isingatarisirwi.

Zvinotendwawo kuti rubatsiro rwakanakisisa rwepamuviri nerubatsiro rwekusununguka runowanikwa kana vanachiremba nevananyamukuta vane hunyanzvi vakashanda pamwe chete sechikwata . Izvi zvinoreva kuti nyamukuta anogona kutarisira nyaya dzakajairika, dziri nyore, asi anogona kukuendesa kuna chiremba kana paine dambudziko. Izvi zvinopa kuchengetedzeka kwakanyanya kuna amai nemwana.

Asi chinhu chimwe chete chinofanira kutaurwa. Kune dzimwe nyika pasi rose, uko nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakaita setsika, nhoroondo kana nyore kuwana masevhisi ehutano, sevhisi ye 'nyamukuta' yakajairika uye inotokosha. Kureva kuti, 'nyamukuta' ndivo vanotungamira mukubereka. Kunyangwe maitiro edu muSri Lanka akasiyana zvishoma, ndinofunga kuti zvichakubatsira kuziva nezve sevhisi iyi inonzi 'nyamukuta'.

Zvinhu zvekurangarira muchidimbu

Zvakanaka, kubva pane zvatakurukura, ndinovimba une pfungwa yakanaka yekuti 'nyamukuta' ndiani uye kuti mabasa avo akaita sei. Chekupedzisira, hezvino zvimwe zvinhu zvakakosha zvekurangarira:

• 'Nyamukuta' mushandi wehutano anonyanya kubata nezveutano hwevakadzi hwekubereka, kunyanya pamuviri, pakusununguka, uye pakuchengetwa kwemwana mushure mekusununguka.
• Mabasa avo anowanzo kukodzera pamuviri usina njodzi uye usinganetseki.
• Kudzidziswa kwevananyamukuta uye zvikwanisiro zvevananyamukuta zvinosiyana, saka zvakakosha kuti munyatsoongorora musati matora nyamukuta.
• Kana uine zvirwere zvine njodzi dzakadai seBP, chirwere cheshuga, kana chirwere chemwoyo, kutarisirwa nachiremba kwakakosha.
• Kazhinji, vanachiremba navananyamukuta vane hunyanzvi vachishanda pamwe chete sechikwata vanogona kupa dziviriro iri nani kuna amai nemwana.
• Kunyangwe basa re'Family Health Nugges' muSri Lanka rakasiyana zvishoma nebasa re'Midwives' vanotungamira kubereka mune dzimwe nyika, sezvakatsanangurwa muchinyorwa chino, zvakakosha kuziva izvi.

Kana muine mimwe mibvunzo nezvenyaya iyi, musakanganwa kutaura nachiremba wenyu kana kuti Family Health Manager (PHM). Vanogona kukupai mazano akanakisisa.

Nyamukuta , Kubereka, Kutarisirwa Kwepamuviri, Hutano Hwevakadzi, Kubata Pamuviri Kusina Njodzi, Kutarisirwa Kwepashure Pekusununguka