Patinonzwa nezvegomarara remazamu, tinoshamisika zvikuru. Uye patinonzwa kuti rava danho rechina, kureva kuti gomarara rapararira kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri, rinonyanya kutyisa uye rinorema. Iyi inyaya yakakomba zvikuru. Asi nesainzi yekurapa iyi yepamusoro, kune nzira dzakawanda dzekurapa dzinogona kuitwa padanho iri, dzinogona kubatsira kudzora chirwere ichi uye kuwedzera hupenyu. Saka ngatitaurei nezvazvo nhasi, kuti tiwane mhinduro dziri nyore kumibvunzo yauri kufunga nezvayo.
Chii chaizvo chinonzi Danho rechina?
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, danho rechina rinoreva kuti masero egomarara akatanga muzamu akapararira kuburikidza neropa kana lymph vessels kuenda kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri. Kupararira uku kunonzi 'Metastasis'. Nzvimbo dzinowanzo pararira kenza nenzira iyi mapfupa, uropi, mapapu, kana chiropa .
Chinhu chakakosha kunzwisisa pano ndechekuti chinangwa chikuru chekurapa panguva ino hachisi chekurapa chirwere chose, asi kudzora kukura kwegomarara, kuderedza zviratidzo, uye kukupa hupenyu hwakanaka kwenguva yakareba sezvinobvira. Vamwe varwere vanorarama kwemakore mazhinji nekurapwa uku. Saka, zvakakosha kuti usatye kana ukanzwa nezve mukana uyu, asi kuti unyatsotaura nachiremba wako nezvenzira dziripo dzekurapa.
Ndeapi marapirwo makuru aripo?
Muchikamu chechina, nekuda kwekuti kenza yapararira kunzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana, zvakaoma kuwana mhedzisiro inobudirira nekurapwa kunongonanga panzvimbo imwe chete, sekuvhiyiwa kana kurapwa nemwaranzi. Saka, kurapwa kwemuviri kunokanganisa muviri wese ndiko kunonyanya kushandiswa.
Kurapwa nemakemikari
Kurapa nemakemikari (chemotherapy) kazhinji ndiko kurapwa kukuru panguva ino. Kunoshanda nekuuraya masero ekenza anokamura nekukurumidza. Izvi zvinogona kunonotsa kukura kwekenza. Kurapa nemakemikari (chemotherapy) kunopiwa nenzira dzakasiyana. Dzimwe nguva kunopihwa semapiritsi, asi kazhinji kunopihwa netsinga (kuburikidza netsinga) .
Kurapa uku hakupiwi nguva dzose. Kunowanzoitwa mumatanho akasiyana-siyana. Mushure mekunge kutenderera kumwe kwapera, muviri unopihwa nguva pfupi yekuzorora kuti upore. Ndipo chete panotanga kutenderera kunotevera.
Kurapa Mahormone
Kurapa uku hakuna kukodzera munhu wese. Kunoshanda zvakanyanya kuvakadzi vane rudzi rwekenza inonzi hormone receptor-positive . Izvi zvinoreva kuti mahormone akaita seestrogen mumiviri yavo anokurudzira kukura kwemasero ekenza. Funga nezvazvo nenzira iyi: mahormone akaita sekiyi, uye receptor iri pasero rekenza yakaita sekiyi. Paunoisa kiyi mukati, kiyi inovhurika uye kenza inokura.
Saka zvinoitwa nekurapwa kwemahormone uku kumisa kugadzirwa kwekiyi iyoyo (hormone), kana kuidzivisa kupinda mukiyi. Mhando huru dzemishonga dzinopihwa dzeizvi ndedzinotevera:
- "Tamoxifen"
- Mishonga inodzivirira Aromatase (yevakadzi vapedza kuenda kumwedzi) - Mienzaniso: Anastrozole (Arimidex), Exemestane (Aromasin)
- Mishonga yakaita se "Fulvestrant (Faslodex)" inovhara mahormone receptors.
Dzimwe nguva, kubviswa kwemazai echibereko kunokurudzirwa kuvakadzi vasati vasvika pakuguma kuenda kumwedzi, sezvo iri nzira yakanaka yekumisa kugadzirwa kwemahormone anobatsira kukura kwegomarara.
Kurapa Kwakanangwa
Iyi imishonga mitsva uye inoshanda zvikuru. Pane kukuvadza masero ane hutano senge chemotherapy, inorwisa mapuroteni kana majini anowanikwa mumasero ekenza chete . Izvi zvinoguma nemigumisiro mishoma.
Vakadzi vanosvika 20% vane kenza yemazamu vane protein yakawandisa inonzi `HER2`. Izvi zvinoita kuti kenza ipararire nekukurumidza. Kune aya magomarara ane `HER2-positive`, mishonga yakaita se`Trastuzumab (Herceptin)` inopihwa. Inomisa protein ye`HER2` kushanda uye inodzora kukura kwemasero egomarara.
Yeuka, danho rechina harirevi kuguma kwekurapwa. Ino inguva yekutarisa pakurapwa kunobatsira kudzora chirwere uye kuchengetedza hupenyu hwakanaka.
Ngatitarisei mamwe marudzi ekurapa kwakanangwa mutafura iri pazasi.
| Rudzi rwekurapa kwakanangwa | Chinangwa nebasa | Makesi ekushandisa |
|---|---|---|
| Madhiragi eCDK4/6 | Inovhara mapuroteni anonzi CDK uye inodzora kupatsanurwa kwemasero egomarara. Semuenzaniso: Palbociclib (Ibrance), Ribociclib (Kisqali) | Kune kenza ine hormone receptor-positive uye HER2-negative. |
| Zvinodzivirira PARP | Inotarisa puroteni yePARP, iyo inobatsira masero ekenza kukura. Semuenzaniso: Olaparib (Lynparza) | Kune kenza dzisina HER2-negative uye dzine BRCA gene mutation. |
| MTOR Inhibitors | Inovhara puroteni yemTOR uye inomisa kukura nekupararira kwemasero ekenza. Semuenzaniso: Everolimus (Afinitor) | Nekurapwa nemahormone emhando dzakasiyana dzegomarara. |
| Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inosanganiswa | Mushonga wekemo unosungirirwa kune antibody, iyo inoendesa mushonga zvakananga kumasero ekenza uye inoiparadza. Muenzaniso: Sacituzumab govitecan (Trodelvy) | Kune kenza yemazamu yakakwira. |
Kurapa nekudzivirira muviri
Iyi mishonga yemhando yepamusoro-soro zvakare. Pane kupa mishonga kubva kunze kuti iuraye kenza, zvinokurudzira masoja emuviri wako kuti awane nekuparadza masero ekenza. Mamwe masero ekenza anoziva nzira dzekuvanda kubva kumasoja emuviri. Saka mishonga iyi inodzima nzira idzodzo dzekuvanda uye inobvumira masero emuviri kuti azive kenza.
Kuvhiya uye Kupiswa Nemwaranzi
Sezvatakambotaura, mishonga iyi haishandiswi senzira huru yekurapa panguva ino. Zvisinei, kana paine kurwadziwa kwakanyanya panzvimbo yakapararira kenza, semuenzaniso mupfupa, kurapwa nemwaranzi kunopiwa kudzora marwadzo nezvimwe zviratidzo . Uyewo, kuvhiyiwa kunogona kuitwa chete kana zvichidikanwa kudzora chero matambudziko.
Dzimwe pfungwa dzakakosha
- Kudzora migumisiro yakaipa: Mishonga yese iyi inogona kuva nemigumisiro yakaipa, yakadai sekusvotwa, kurutsa, uye kuneta. Asi kune mishonga iripo yekurapa. Saka udza chiremba wako nezvekusagadzikana kwaunonzwa.
- Miedzo yekiriniki: Dzimwe nguva, unogona kutora chikamu mu'Miedzo yekiriniki', iyo inoedza mishonga mitsva isati yashandiswa zvakanyanya. Izvi zvinogona kukupa mukana wekugamuchira mishonga yemazuva ano. Bvunza chiremba wako nezveizvi zvakare.
Rwendo urwu harusi rwendo rwaunofamba uri wega. Mhuri yako, shamwari, vanachiremba, vanamukoti, nechikwata chose chevanachiremba vanewe. Wana rutsigiro rwavo. Taura manzwiro ako. Zvichava simba guru kukunda munguva ino yakaoma.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Kenza yemazamu yeDanho rechina zvinoreva kuti kenza yapararira kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri.
- Chinangwa chikuru chekurapa panguva ino hachisi chekurapa chirwere chose, asi kudzora kenza, kuderedza zviratidzo, uye kuwedzera hupenyu nehupenyu hwakanaka.
- Kurapa nemakemikari, kurapwa nemahormone, kurapwa kwakanangana, uye immunotherapy ndiyo nzira huru dzekurapa.
- Chiremba wako ndiye achasarudza kurapwa kwakakodzera iwe zvichienderana nemhando yegomarara rako (semuenzaniso, HER2-positive kana hormone receptor-positive).
- Kunewo mishonga yekurapa migumisiro yakaipa inobva mukurapwa, saka taura nachiremba wako nezve chero kusagadzikana kwaungave uchinzwa.
- Zvakakosha zvikuru kuti pfungwa dzirambe dzakasimba uye kutsvaga rutsigiro kubva kumhuri nechikwata chevanachiremba.
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