Ngatidzidzei nezveKenza yeDumbu nenzira iri nyore!

Nhasi tichataura nezvenyaya yakakomba zvishoma, asi inokosha kuvanhu vazhinji. Iyoyo ikenza yemudumbu, vamwe vanoidaidzawo kuti `(Gastric Cancer)` . Fungidzira, chii chingaitika kana masero ari mudumbu medu, kureva mudumbu, akangoerekana atanga kupatsanuka zvisingadzoreki, sekunge kupenga? Ndizvo zvinoitika nekenza yemudumbu. Masero aya ekenza anogona kuumbwa chero kupi zvako mudumbu. Kazhinji, kunyanya munyika dzakadai seAmerica, kenza iyi inoumbwa panzvimbo apo dumbu negurokuro redu (ndiko kuti, chubhu inodzika kubva pahuro) zvinobatana, izvo zvatinodaidza kuti `(gastroesophageal junction)` . Asi mune dzimwe nyika dzakadai seSri Lanka, uko kenza yemudumbu yakajairika, inoumbwa kakawanda muchikamu chikuru chemudumbu.

Chinhu chakakosha ndechekuti 95% yekenza yemudumbu inotangira mudumbu, chikamu chepamusoro chemadziro. Asi inokura nekukurumidza. Kana ikasarapwa zvakanaka, masero aya anogona kukura pamwe chete kuti agadzire bundu uye kukura mumadziro emudumbu. Dzimwe nguva, bundu iri rinogona kupararira (metastasize) kune dzimwe nhengo dziri pedyo, dzakadai sechiropa nepancreas.

Ndiani ari panjodzi huru yekubatwa nekenza yemudumbu?

Kutaura zvazviri, chero munhu anogona kubatwa nekenza yemudumbu. Zvisinei, pane zvimwe zvinhu zvinowedzera njodzi yacho. Semuenzaniso:

• Kana une makore makumi matanhatu nemashanu zvichikwira .
• Kana uri murume (varume vari panjodzi huru kupfuura vakadzi).
• Izvi zvakajairika pakati pemamwe mapoka emadzinza pasi rose (semuenzaniso, South kana Central America, Eastern Europe, nezvimwewo).

Kenza yemudumbu yakajairika zvakadii?

Gomarara remudumbu nderimwe remhando dzegomarara dzakajairika pasi rose. Zvisinei, hariwanzoitiki mune dzimwe nyika dzekuMadokero, dzakadai seUnited States. Kutaura zvazviri, gomarara remudumbu rinongokonzera 1.5% chete yegomarara rese richangoonekwa muUnited States. Uye huwandu hwevanhu varipo hwave huchidzikira zvishoma nezvishoma mumakore gumi apfuura.

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvegomarara remudumbu?

Iri ndiro dambudziko rinosangana nevanhu vazhinji. Pakutanga kwegomarara remudumbu , kazhinji hapana zviratidzo . Ndiyo nzvimbo ine njodzi zvikuru. Kunyangwe zviratidzo zvekutanga, zvakaita sekurwadziwa mudumbu uye kudzikira kwehuremu kusingatsananguriki, zvinongoonekwa chete kana gomarara rawedzera zvishoma.

Izvi ndizvo zvimwe zvezviratidzo zvinogona kuitika mukenza yemudumbu:

• Kushaya nzara , kunzwa kusanzwa nzara.
• Kuoma kumedza (sekunge chimwe chinhu chanamira pahuro).
• Kugara kuneta kana kushaya simba .
• Kusvotwa nekurutsa .
• Kuderedza uremu pasina chikonzero.
• Kurwadziwa kwedumbu uye kusagadzikana kwekugaya chikafu (kufanana negasi).
• Tsvina nhema kana kurutsa ropa .
• Kunzwa kuzara mudumbu, sekunge mudumbu mazara nemhepo mushure mekudya.
• Kurwadziwa mudumbu , kunyanya pamusoro pegumbo.
• Kunzwa kuguta kunyangwe mushure mekudya chikafu chidiki.

Zvakakosha: Zviratidzo izvi zvinowanzoonekwa mune zvimwe zvirwere, saka kana uine zviratidzo izvi, zvakakosha kuona chiremba kuti uone kana iri kenza yemudumbu kana chimwe chinhu.

Unogona kubata bundu remudumbu here?

Zvichienderana nekuti kenza yapararira zvakadii, chiremba anogona kunzwa bundu mudumbu mako paunoongororwa. Asi kazhinji, zviratidzo zvacho zvinonzwa mudumbu mako. Dumbu rako rinogona kunzwa rakazvimba, rakazara, kana kuti richirwadza. Marwadzo aya anogona kutanga asina kunyanya kuoma pakutanga uye owedzera kuipa sezvo chirwere ichi chichienderera mberi.

Chii chinokonzera kenza yemudumbu?

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, kenza yemudumbu inokonzerwa nekuchinja kwemajini muDNA yemasero edu emudumbu. Unoziva, iyi DNA yakaita sekodhi inotaurira masero edu kuti okura rini uye ofa rini. Nekuda kwekuchinja kwemajini ikoko, pachinzvimbo chekufa, masero anokura nekukurumidza uye pakupedzisira ogadzira bundu . Masero aya ekenza anogona kukunda masero ane hutano opararira kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri.

Vaongorori havasati vaziva kuti chii chinokonzera shanduko iyi yemajini. Zvisinei, vakaona zvimwe zvinhu zvinowedzera njodzi yekubatwa nekenza yemudumbu. Izvi zvinosanganisira:

• Kana mumwe munhu mumhuri akamborwara nekenza yemudumbu (hereditary link).
• Utachiona hwebhakitiriya (Helicobacter pylori - H. pylori) . Ichi chinhu chakakosha zvikuru.
• Chirwere cheGastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) (acid yemudumbu inokwira muhuro).
• Gastritis (kuzvimba kwemudumbu).
• Kutapukirwa nehutachiona hweEpstein-Barr .
• Kana wakambova nemaronda emudumbu kana kuti ma polyps .
• Kudya chikafu chine mafuta, munyu, chakasvuta kana chakabikwa zvakanyanya .
• Kudya chikafu chisina michero nemiriwo yakawanda .
• Kugara uchisangana nezvinhu zvakaita semarasha, simbi, uye rabha.
• Kusvuta, kuputa fodya, kana kutsenga fodya .
• Kunwa doro zvakanyanya .
• Kufuta zvakanyanya .
• `(Autoimmune atrophic gastritis)` (chirwere apo masoja emuviri anorwisa masero emudumbu).

Uye zvakare, kune zvimwe zvirwere zvemajini zvinowedzera njodzi yekubatwa nekenza yemudumbu:

• `(Lynch syndrome)`
• `(Peutz-Jeghers syndrome)`
• `(Li-Fraumeni syndrome)`
• `(Familial adenomatous polyposis)`
• "(Kenza yemudumbu inopararira nenhaka)"
• `(Kusakwana kwesimba remuviri rinowanzo shanduka - CVID)`

Kunyange hazvo vaongorori vasingakwanise kuziva chikonzero chaicho, zvakaonekwa kuti vanhu vane ropa rerudzi rwe 'A' vane katsika kekubatwa nekenza yemudumbu.

Gomarara remudumbu rinoonekwa sei?

Kana ukaona chiremba, vanokubvunza nezvenhoroondo yako yehutano, vanokubvunza nezvezviratidzo zvako, uye vanokuongororwa kuti vaone kana paine mapundu mudumbu mako. Vanogona kuita bvunzo dzinoverengeka kuti vaone kuti kenza yemudumbu yapararira kusvika papi ('danho').

Zvakakosha kuziva danho regomarara . Izvi ndizvo zvinobatsira chiremba kunzwisisa kuti gomarara rapararira kusvika papi. Mugomarara remudumbu, matanho aya anotangira pa0 (zero) kusvika paIV (mana). Danho 0 rinoreva kuti gomarara harina kupararira kupfuura dumbu. Danho rechina rinoreva kuti rapararira kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri.

Aya ndiwo maedzo anowanzoitwa:

• Endoscopy yepamusoro: Iyi ndiyo nzira inonyanya kuzivikanwa yekuongorora kenza yemudumbu. Mukuita uku, chiremba anoisa chubhu diki (inonzi endoscope) ine kamera diki kumucheto kuburikidza nemuromo wako ichidzika mudumbu mako. Zvishandiso zvidiki zvekuvhiya zvinopfuudzwa nepa endoscope kuti zvitore chidimbu chidiki chenyama (biopsy) kubva pamadziro edumbu. Nyama yacho inozotumirwa kurabhoritari kuti iongororwe masero ekenza.
• Endoscopic ultrasound: Iyi imhando yakasarudzika ye endoscopy. Inobatsira kuona danho rekenza. Endoscope inoshandiswa mune izvi ine ultrasound probe, iyo inogona kutora mifananidzo yedumbu. Izvi zvinogona kushandiswa kuona kana kenza yapararira kubva mudumbu kusvika kumadziro edumbu.
• Kuongororwa kweX-ray: Izvi zvinosanganisira CT scans , barium swallows ( kwaunonwa mvura yakakosha inoita kuti dumbu rako rionekwe paX-ray), uye MRIs . Izvi zvinogona kubatsira kuona bundu rekenza nezvimwe zvirwere zvingave zvine chekuita nekenza. Kuongororwa kwePET kunogona kushandiswawo kuona kana kenza yapararira mumuviri wako wese.
• Kuongororwa kweropa: Izvi zvinogona kupa ruzivo rwekuti nhengo dzako dziri kushanda sei. Kana nhengo isiri kushanda zvakanaka, zvinogona kuratidza kuti kenza inogona kunge yapararira kunhengo iyoyo.
• Laparoscopy: Uku kuvhiyiwa kwemhando yepamusoro. Kunoitwa kana nzira dzisinganyanyi kupindira dzakadai sekutora mifananidzo dzisingape ruzivo rwakakwana nezvehukuru hwegomarara. Panyaya iyi, chiremba anocheka dumbu rako zvishoma nezvishoma uye anoisa kamera diki nepakati pazvo kuti atarise zvakananga nhengo dzemuviri.

Nekuti kenza yemudumbu haiwanzoitiki munyika dzakadai seUnited States, haisi bvunzo yekuongorora yenguva dzose inoitirwa munhu wese. Zvisinei, kana uine chirwere chinowedzera njodzi yako yekuva nekenza yemudumbu, chiremba wako anogona kukukurudzira kuti uedze nguva dzose, senge upper endoscopy, kuti utarise shanduko dzekenza. Bvunza chiremba wako zvaunofanira kuita zvichienderana nenjodzi yako.

Gomarara remudumbu rinorapwa sei?

Nzira dzekurapa dzinoenderana nekuti kenza yako yapararira zvakadii, hutano hwako hwese, uye zvaunoda kurapwa. Izvi zvinowanzo sanganisira chikwata chevanachiremba, kusanganisira chiremba wemhuri yako, chiremba wekenza, uye chiremba wezvekudya . Vachakupa mazano ekurapa kwakanakira iwe.

Kuvhiya

Zvichienderana nehukuru hwegomarara, chiremba wako anogona kukurudzira kuvhiyiwa kubvisa masero egomarara, bundu, kana chikamu chedumbu rose.

• Kubviswa ne upper endoscopy: Pakutanga, kana kenza yakaganhurirwa kuzvikamu zvepamusoro zvedumbu, kenza inogona kubviswa ne upper endoscopy. Maitiro aya anonzi endoscopic submucosal dissection kana endoscopic mucosal resection . Mukuita izvi, gastroenterologist inocheka bundu rekenza kubva pamadziro edumbu yoribvisa nemuromo wako.
• Kuvhiyiwa kwedumbu: Kana kenza yapararira kupfuura dumbu, kuvhiyiwa kungangodiwa kubvisa chikamu chedumbu kana dumbu rese. Kuvhiyiwa kwedumbu rose kunobvisa chikamu chedumbu chakabatwa nekenza chete. Kuvhiyiwa kwedumbu rose kunobvisa dumbu rose. Mushure mekunge dumbu rose rabviswa, chiremba achabatanidza gumbo rako neura hudiki kuitira kuti ugone kuramba uchidya.

Mamwe marapirwo

Mishonga iyi inorwisa zvakananga masero ekenza.

• `(Chemotherapy - chemo)` (kurapa nemakemikari): Izvi zvinoshandisa mishonga kuderedza masero ekenza. Izvi zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kubvisa vasati vavhiyiwa. `(Chemotherapy)` inoshandiswawo kuuraya masero ekenza asara mushure mekuvhiyiwa. Inowanzopihwa pamwe chete nemwaranzi. `(Targeted drug therapy)` inogonawo kupihwa pamwe chete ne`(chemo)`.
• Kurapa nemwaranzi: Izvi zvinoshandisa simba rakanangwa, senge X-rays, kuuraya masero ekenza. Kurapa nemwaranzi chete hakushandi zvakanyanya pakurapa kenza yemudumbu. Zvisinei, kunogona kupihwa pamwe chete nechemotherapy vasati vavhiyiwa uye mushure mekuvhiyiwa. Kurapa nemwaranzi kunogonawo kubatsira kuderedza zviratidzo.
• Kurapa nemishonga kwakanangana:Izvi zvinorwisa kusasimba kwemasero ekenza uye zvinoita kuti afe. ​​Kazhinji zvinopihwa pamwe chete nechemotherapy yekenza dzakadzoka kana kuti dzakakura.
• Kurapa nekudzivirira muviri: Izvi zvinobatsira masoja emuviri wako kuona nekuparadza masero ekenza asingaonekwe. Izvi zvinowanzoshandiswawo pakenza dzinongoitika kana kuti dzine simba.
• Kutarisirwa kwevanorwara negomarara: Izvi zvinobatsira kuvandudza hupenyu hwako semunhu anorarama negomarara. Kutarisirwa kwevanorwara negomarara ibasa rekurapa rakasiyana-siyana. Rinogona kusanganisira vanachiremba, vanamukoti, nevamwe nyanzvi vanogona kubatsira kuderedza zviratidzo. Unogona kuwana rutsigiro urwu pamusoro perubatsiro rwaunowana kubva kuna vanachiremba vako venguva dzose. Unogona kuwana rubatsiro urwu rwevanorwara negomarara pamwe chete nedzimwe nzira dzekurapa.

Ko kenza yemudumbu inogona kudzivirirwa here?

Kunyange hazvo kenza yemudumbu isingadzivirirwe zvachose, unogona kuderedza njodzi yako nekuita zvinotevera:

• Kana wakaongororwa hutachiona hweH. pylori , tsvaga kurapwa . Hutachiona hweH. pylori chinhu chikuru chinokonzera kenza yemudumbu.
• Tsvaga kurapwa nekukasika kwezvironda zvemudumbu, gastritis, nezvimwe zvirwere zvemudumbu. Zvirwere zvemudumbu zvisina kurapwa, kunyanya izvo zvinokonzerwa nebhakitiriya H. pylori, zvinowedzera njodzi yekenza yemudumbu.
• Idya chikafu chine hutano. Kudya chikafu chine hutano chine michero nemiriwo yakawanda uye munyu mushoma nenyama tsvuku kunogona kuderedza njodzi yekubatwa nekenza yemudumbu. Zvikafu zvakapfuma muvhitamini C, beta-carotene, uye carotenoids (semuenzaniso, michero yecitrus, miriwo yegirini, makarotsi) ndizvo zvinovaka muviri izvi zvakakosha.
• Dzivisa kusvuta uye kushandisa zvigadzirwa zvefodya. Kusvuta fodya kunowedzera njodzi yekenza yemudumbu kwete chete, asiwo mamwe marudzi akawanda ekenza.
• Ramba uine huremu hwakanaka. Zvinoreva huremu hwakanaka zvinosiyana kubva pamunhu kusvika pamunhu. Bvunza chiremba wako kuti huremu hwakanaka hwakaita sei kwauri.

Ko kenza yemudumbu inogona kurapwa here?

Gomarara remudumbu rinogona kurapwa kana rikaonekwa nekukurumidza. Zvisinei, kazhinji, zviratidzo zvinoonekwa kunonoka panguva iyo chirwere chinoonekwa, zvichireva kuti gomarara rinogona kunge rasvika padanho repamusoro. Taura nachiremba wako nezvezvinhu zvinogona kukanganisa mhedzisiro yekurapwa kwako.

Chii chingave chiri kufanotaura nezvevanhu vane kenza yemudumbu?

Maonero egomarara remudumbu anoenderana nedanho regomarara iri. Avo vanoonekwa vari mumatanho ekutanga vane fungidziro iri nani pane avo vanoonekwa vari mumatanho epamusoro. Mwero wekurarama kwemakore mashanu wegomarara remudumbu unogona kubva pa70% (kana gomarara risina kupararira zvakanaka) kusvika pa6% (kana rakapararira zvakanyanya), zvichienderana nekuti gomarara racho rapararira kusvika papi.

Taura nachiremba wako kuti uwane ongororo chaiyo yechirwere chako. Rudzi rwegomarara raunaro, kuti rapararira kusvika papi, hutano hwako hwese, uye kuti gomarara rako rinopindura sei kana rarapwa zvese zvinokanganisa fungidziro yako yechirwere.

Ndinofanira kuona chiremba rini?

Kana uri panjodzi huru yekubatwa nekenza yemudumbu, taura nachiremba wako nezvezvakanaka nezvakaipira zvekuongororwa nguva nenguva. Kana zvisina kudaro, nyatsoteerera zviratidzo zvako. Zviratidzo zvakawanda zvine chekuita nekenza yemudumbu zvinogonawo kuva zviratidzo zvezvimwe zvirwere. Chiremba chete ndiye anogona kuita kuti uzive chirwere chacho.

Ona chiremba kana uine zviratidzo zvakaita sekurwadziwa mudumbu uye kudzikira kwehuremu kusingatsananguriki, uine kana usina zviratidzo zvinotevera:

• Kuomerwa nekudya.
• Manyoka.
• Kusvotwa.
• Tsvina ine ropa kana nhema.

Mibvunzo ipi yandinofanira kubvunza chiremba wangu?

Unogona kubvunza mibvunzo yakaita seiyi:

• Gomarara riri kupi?
• Ndine nhanho ipi yekenza?
• Izvi zvinokanganisa sei fungidziro yangu yechirwere?
• Ndipi mishonga yandingawana?
• Ndezvipi zvakanakira kurapwa uku? Ndezvipi njodzi dzinogona kuitika?
• Pane dzimwe nzira dzekurapa here?
• Kuongororwa kwangu nekurapwa kwegomarara kuchakanganisa sei hupenyu hwangu hwezuva nezuva?
• Ndinofanira kutsvaga mumwe munhu here?

Pakupedzisira, yeuka (Mharidzo Yekuenda Kumba)

Gomarara remudumbu ringasave risingadziviririke nguva dzose. Asi kana rikaonekwa nekukurumidza, rinogona kurapwa uye kurapwa. Zvichienderana nekuonekwa kwawakaitwa negomarara, chiremba wako anogona kukurudzira kuvhiyiwa kubvisa masero egomarara kana bundu. Kana kuti vanogona kukurudzira musanganiswa wemishonga inogona kuuraya kana kuderedza masero egomarara.

Chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti maonero ako achaenderana nezvinhu zvakati wandei zvaunogona kukurukura nachiremba wako. Usazeza kubvunza nezvesarudzo dzekurapa, mabhenefiti adzo, uye njodzi dzadzo. Tsvaga rubatsiro kubva kuna vanachiremba vako nezvekuti kuongororwa kwako kenza kuchakukanganisa sei. Ikodzero yako kunzwiwa uye kunzwisiswa pasina kutya kana kusava nechokwadi. Ramba uine hutano hwakanaka!

` Kenza yemudumbu, kenza yemudumbu, zviratidzo zvekenza, kenza yemudumbu, H. pylori, endoscopy, kurapwa kwekenza, njodzi yekenza