Unozviwana uchifambisa muviri wako usingazvidi here? Ngatitaure nezveTardive Dyskinesia!

Dzimwe nguva unonzwa sekuti nhengo dzemuviri wako, dzakadai seruoko kana gumbo, kana kuti chiso, zvinongofamba-famba zvisingadzoreki here? Kana kuti pane mumwe munhu waunoziva ane zviratidzo izvi zvisinganzwisisike mushure mekushandisa mimwe mishonga here? Kana wakambonzwa nezvechinhu chakadaro, saka chirwere chatiri kuzotaura nezvacho nhasi, chinonzi Tardive Dyskinesia, chichava chakakosha kwauri. Kunyangwe iri izwi refu, ngatinzwisisei kuti chii.

Chii chinonzi Tardive Dyskinesia?

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, Tardive Dyskinesia (TD) chirwere chetsinga, kana kuti muunganidzwa wezviratidzo, umo tsandanyama dzemuviri wako dzinofamba dzisingadi, pasina kudzora kwako. Sekunge ruoko rwunogwinha kana chitarisiko chechiso chinoshanduka kamwe kamwe.

Chikonzero chikuru chechirwere ichi kushandiswa kwenguva refu kwemishonga yekurapa zvirwere zvepfungwa, kunyanya mishonga yechizvarwa chekutanga yekurwisa pfungwa (neuroleptics). Zvisinei, mishonga iyi haisiyo yega inogona kukonzera izvi. Mimwe mishonga inogonawo kukonzera izvi.

Izwi rekuti "Tardive" rinoreva "kunonoka" kana "kunonoka." "Dyskinesia" zvinoreva kufamba kwetsandanyama kusingadzoreki, kureva kufamba kwetsandanyama kusingadzoreki. Saka mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, kufamba uku kusingadzoreki kunoonekwa mushure mekunge watanga kutora mushonga kwenguva yakati, dzimwe nguva makore. Zvisinei, dzimwe nguva mamiriro aya anogona kuitika kunyangwe mushure mekutora mushonga kwenguva pfupi. Mamiriro aya anowanzoitika kuvanhu vane makore anopfuura makumi matanhatu nemashanu, kunyangwe nekushandisa mushonga kwenguva pfupi.

Mamiriro ezvinhu aya akajairika zvakadii?

Vaongorori vanoti vanhu vanosvika 20% vanotora mishonga yekurapa chirwere chepfungwa yechizvarwa chekutanga vanowana tardive dyskinesia. Kuwanda kwechirwere ichi nemamwe marudzi emishonga hakuna kudzidzwa, saka zvakaoma kupa nhamba chaiyo.

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zveTardive Dyskinesia?

Tardive dyskinesia inogona kukonzera kufamba-famba munzvimbo dzakadai dzausingakwanise kudzora:

• Tsandanyama dziri pachiso chako
• Rurimi
• Mutsipa
• Tsandanyama dzehunde
• Maoko netsoka

Kufamba kwechiso kusingatarisirwi:

• Kurova miromo kana kusveta.
• Kufinyamisa chiso kana kufinyamisa chiso pasina chikonzero.
• Kuburitsa rurimi panze kana kudzvanya rurimi padama.
• Kufamba-famba kwekucheka.
• Matama ari kufemereka.
• Kubwaira kwemaziso nekukurumidza / blepharospasm. Fungidzira kuti zvaizonetsa sei dai ukaramba uchibwaira maziso ako.

Mamwe mafambiro asingatarisirwi:

• Kudzokorora kufambisa minwe, sekuridza piyano.
• Kusunda kana kuzunza chiuno chako.
• Kufamba netsoka dzakaita sedzedhadha.
• Kusakwanisa kugara pasi, kunzwa kusagadzikana nguva dzose (akathisia). Izvi zvinogona kuva chiitiko chisingafadzi zvachose.

Zviratidzo izvi zvinogona kunge zvisina kunyanya kuoneka uye zvisinganyatsooneki kune vamwe vanhu, asi kune vamwe zvinogona kunge zvakanyanya zvekuti zvinogona kukanganisa mabasa ezuva nezuva kusvika pakusakwanisika .

Vanachiremba vanogona kushandisa mazwi akadai kutsanangura zviratidzo izvi:

• Dystonia: Kusunga tsandanyama kusingadzoreki.
• Myoclonus: Kugwinha kwemhasuru kamwe kamwe, kwenguva pfupi.
• Kusawirirana kwevanhu vanotaura mutauro weBuccolingual: Kufamba-famba kunodzokororwa kunosanganisira muromo nerurimi.
• Kuzvimba kwetsandanyama: Kuzvimba kwetsandanyama kwakajairika, kunyanya kumeso.

Ndezvipi zvikonzero zveTardive Dyskinesia?

Vaongorori havazivi kuti chii chinokonzera izvi. Zvisinei, pfungwa huru ndeyekuti zvinogona kukonzerwa nekushandiswa kwemishonga inonzi ``dopamine antagonists`` inovhara mareceptor e neurotransmitter ``dopamine`` muuropi. Izvi zvinogona kuitika kunyangwe ukatora mishonga iyi kwenguva pfupi kana kwenguva yakareba. Zvisinei, njodzi yacho yakakura kana ukaitora kwenguva yakareba. Dzimwe nguva, TD inogona kuitika mushure mekumira kushandisa mishonga iyi, kuchinja dose, kana kutoideredza.

Fungidzira, kana ukatora mishonga inovhara dopamine receptor kwenguva yakareba, ma dopamine receptors ari muuropi (kunyanya ari mu basal ganglia, chikamu cheuropi chinobatsira kudzora kufamba) anova anonyanya kunzwa. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti kufamba uku kusingadzoreki kunokonzerwa ne dopamine yakawandisa kana kuti ma receptors anova anonyanya kunzwa.

Pamusoro pedopamine, mamwe ma neurotransmitter receptors, akadai se serotonin, acetylcholine, uye GABA, anofungidzirwawo kuti anobatanidzwa. Ichi chingave chikonzero nei TD dzimwe nguva ichikonzerwa nemishonga isiri ye antipsychotics.

Ndeipi mishonga inokonzera Tardive Dyskinesia?

Tardive dyskinesia inogona kukonzerwa nekushandisa mishonga inotevera:

• Mishonga yekurwisa pfungwa / neuroleptics: Izvi ndizvo zvinokonzera chirwere ichi.
• Metoclopramide kana mimwe mishonga yekuderedza kuda kurutsa.
• Mimwe mishonga yekuora mwoyo .

Kashoma, mishonga iyi inogona kukonzera chirwere chepfungwa (TD):

• Lithium.
• Mishonga yekudzivirira pfari.
• Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, kunyanya hydroxyzine.
• Mishonga yekudzivirira malaria inopihwa kune vanhu vane malaria.

Mishonga yekurwisa psychotic uye TD

Mishonga yekurwisa pfungwa (neuroleptics) inonyanya kushandiswa kurapa zvirwere zvepfungwa zvakaita seschizophrenia. Mishonga iyi ndiyo inonyanya kukonzera chirwere chepfungwa.

Mishonga yekurwisa pfungwa yechizvarwa chekutanga ("yakajairika") inofungidzirwa kuti ine njodzi yakakura yekukonzera chirwere chepfungwa (TD) kupfuura mishonga yekurwisa pfungwa yechizvarwa chechipiri ("isingawanzoitiki").

Mimwe mienzaniso yemishonga yekurapa pfungwa yechizvarwa chekutanga:

• Chlorpromazine (Chlorpromazine)`
• Fluphenazine `(Fluphenazine)`
• Haloperidol `(Haloperidol)`
• Perphenazine `(Perphenazine)`
• Prochlorperazine `(Prochlorperazine)`
• Thioridazine `(Thioridazine)`
• Trifluoperazine `(Trifluoperazine)`

Metoclopramide uye tardive dyskinesia

Metoclopramide mushonga unoshandiswa kurapa chirwere che chronic acid reflux (GERD), chirwere chakakomba che gastritis. Unoshandiswawo kurapa chirwere che gastroparesis chinokonzerwa neshuga.

Pane hukama hwakasimba pakati pemetoclopramide neTD. Zvinhu zvinokonzera chirwere cheTD nekuda kwemushonga uyu zvinosanganisira:

• Kuva nemakore 65 zvichikwira.
• Kuva mukadzi.
• Kuva nechirwere cheshuga.
• Kutora metoclopramide kwemavhiki gumi nemaviri kana kupfuura.

Mishonga yekuderedza kushushikana uye TD

Mishonga yekuora mwoyo inoshandiswa kurapa zvirwere zvakaita sekuora mwoyo, kuzvidya mwoyo, uye chirwere chekusagadzikana mupfungwa. Mishonga iyi inowanzo kukonzera chirwere cheTD kuvanhu vane makore anopfuura 65. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti uropi hunochinja nekukura. Izvi hazviwanzoitiki zvakanyanya pane chirwere cheTD chinokonzerwa nemishonga yekurwisa pfungwa.

Mishonga inotevera yekuora mwoyo ine chekuita ne `(TD)`:

• Trazodone (iyi inodzora serotonin).
• Amitriptyline, clomipramine, uye doxepin (aya mishonga ye tricyclic antidepressants).
• Fluoxetine nesertraline (aya ndiwo maSSRI).
• Phenelzine nerasagiline (aya ndiwo maMAOI).
• Selegiline (iyo zvakare MAOI) yakabatanidzwa neTD kana ikatorwa nelevodopa.

Lithium neTD

Lithium mushonga unoshandiswa kurapa chirwere chebipolar. Une hukamawo neTD. Zvisinei, kana ukatora lithium pamwe chete nemushonga wekurwisa psychotic, njodzi yako yekubatwa neTD yakanyanya.

Mishonga yekurwisa pfari uye TD

Mishonga yekudzivirira pfari inoshandiswa kudzivirira nekuderedza pfari. Carbamazepine nelamotrigine zvine chekuita neTD, asi hazviwanzo kukonzera TD. Phenytoin yakabatanidzwawo neTD.

Antihistamines uye TD

Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inobatsira pakuratidza zviratidzo zvekurwara nepfungwa. Hydroxyzine, kunyanya, yakabatana neTD kana ikashandiswa kwenguva refu.

Vanhu vane makore anopfuura makumi matanhatu nemashanu ekuberekwa vakamboshandisa phenothiazines (mishonga inowanzo shandiswa yekurapa pfungwa) vane mukana wekuwana chirwere chepfungwa (TD) kana vachitora hydroxyzine.

Mishonga yekurwisa malaria uye TD

Mishonga yekudzivirira malaria yakaita sechloroquine neamodiaquine ine chekuita neTD.

Ndezvipi zvinhu zvinokonzera Tardive Dyskinesia?

Zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kuwedzera njodzi yako yekubatwa ne tardive dyskinesia. Zvimwe zvacho zvinosanganisira:

• Zera: Vanhu vane makore anopfuura makumi mana vane mukana mukuru wekuwana chirwere cheTD. Vanhu vane makore anopfuura makumi matanhatu nemashanu ndivo vari panjodzi huru nekuda kwekuchinja kwetsinga dzemuviri kunoitika nekukura.
• Murume kana Mukadzi: Vakadzi vane mukana mukuru wekuwana chirwere cheTD. Vakadzi vapedza kuenda kumwedzi vanotora mishonga yekurwisa pfungwa kwenguva inosvika gore rimwe chete vane mukana we30% wekuwana chirwere cheTD.
• Rudzi: Dzimwe ongororo dzakaratidza kuti vanhu vatema vekuAmerica vane mukana wakakura wekuwana chirwere cheTD kupfuura varungu. Uyewo, vanhu vanobva kuPhilippines neAsia vane mukana wakakura wekuwana chirwere cheTD kupfuura vanhu vanobva kuCaucasian. (Dzimwe ongororo dzemuno dzinodiwa kuti dzione kuti izvi zvinoshanda sei kuSri Lanka.)
• Dambudziko reBipolar: Vanhu vane dambudziko reBipolar vanogona kunge vaine chirwere cheTD kupfuura vamwe pavanenge vachitora mishonga yekurwisa pfungwa.

Vaongorori vari kudzidzawo nezvemajini anowedzera kana kuderedza njodzi yekubatwa nechirwere cheTD.

Ndezvipi zvinetso zvinogona kukonzera Tardive Dyskinesia?

Kufamba kusingadzoreki kunokonzerwa ne tardive dyskinesia kunogona kusafadza. Kunogonawo kukanganisa hutano hwako hwemagariro evanhu nehwepfungwa. Izvi zvinogona kukanganisa hutano hwepfungwa dzako. Zvinogonawo kuita kuti zviome kuita mabasa ezuva nezuva.

TD haisi chirwere chinouraya. Zvisinei,Kashoma, kana TD ikakura yokanganisa larynx (pane tambo dzenzwi - laryngospasm) uye diaphragm (tsandanyama dzinokubatsira kufema), inogona kukonzera matambudziko ekufema uye inogona kuisa hupenyu panjodzi.

Tardive dyskinesia inoonekwa sei?

Chiremba wako achakubvunza nezvezviratidzo zvako, nhoroondo yezvekurapa, uye mashandisirwo emishonga. Chiremba wako anogona kufungidzira kuti tardive dyskinesia (TD) kana uri kutora mushonga unozivikanwa kuti unokonzera tardive dyskinesia. Vachaita bvunzo yemuviri uye bvunzo yetsinga. Unogona zvakare kutumirwa kuna nyanzvi, senge nyanzvi yetsinga, nyanzvi yezvirwere zvekufamba, kana chiremba wepfungwa.

Vanachiremba vanoshandisa Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) kuongorora tardive dyskinesia. Sekureva kweDSM-5 , kuti munhu aonekwe aine tardive dyskinesia, zviratidzo zvinofanira kunge zvakaramba zviripo kwemwedzi mumwe chete mushure mekurega kushandisa mishonga. Kana uine makore makumi mana zvichidzika, unofanira kunge wave uri pamishonga kwemwedzi mitatu, kana kuti kana wapfuura makore makumi mana, unofanira kunge wave uri pamishonga kwemwedzi mumwe chete.

Chiremba wako anogona kuraira mimwe miedzo yekusimbisa TD kana kubvisa zvimwe zvirwere zvine zviratidzo zvakafanana, zvakaita sechirwere cheHuntington. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira bvunzo dzemurabhoritari uye bvunzo dzekufungidzira, dzakadai seCT scan kana MRI yeuropi. Zvisinei, TD inowanzo kuve kuongororwa kwekiriniki. Izvi zvinoreva kuti vanachiremba vanoita kuongororwa zvichibva pane nhoroondo yehutano yakakwana uye kuongororwa kwemuviri kwakakwana, pasina mimwe miedzo.

Ndeipi mishonga yekurapa Tardive Dyskinesia?

Zvidzidzo pakurapa tardive dyskinesia zvakaratidza mhedzisiro dzakasiyana. Zvimwe zvidzidzo zvinoratidza kuti zviratidzo zvinovandudzika kana mushonga wekurwisa pfungwa ukaderedzwa kana kumira. Zvimwe zvinoratidza kuti hapana musiyano.

Chiremba wako anogona kukurudzira kuti urege kushandisa mushonga uri kukonzera chirwere chako cheTD, kana zvichibvira. Zvinosuwisa kuti izvi hazvigoneke nguva dzose. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti kurega kushandisa mushonga kunogona kuwedzera dambudziko raivepo nemishonga yacho.

Kana ukawana chirwere chepfungwa (TD) uchitora mushonga wechirwere chepfungwa wechizvarwa chekutanga, chiremba wako anogona kukuchinja kuti uwane mushonga wechirwere chepfungwa wechizvarwa chechipiri.

Kunze kwekumisa kana kuchinja mishonga yekurwisa pfungwa, humbowo hwakasimba hwekurapa TD huripo parizvino hwemhando yemishonga inonzi VMAT inhibitors. Deutetrabenazine nevalbenazine zvave kuratidzwa kuti zvakachengeteka uye zvinoshanda. Kana uine TD iri pakati nepakati kusvika kune yakanyanya kuipa iri kukanganisa hupenyu hwako, chiremba wako anogona kukurudzira mishonga iyi.

Tardive Dyskinesia inogona kurapwa here? (Inogona kugadziriswa here?)

Zvinosuwisa kuti kazhinji kacho chirwere che tardive dyskinesia hachigari kwenguva refu, zvichireva kuti chinogara kwenguva yakareba. Kunyange zvazvo mishonga ichigona kubatsira kudzora zviratidzo, haigone kurapa kana kugadzirisa zvachose chirwere chacho.

Chii chandinofanira kutarisira kana ndine Tardive Dyskinesia?

Tardive dyskinesia haibate munhu wese nenzira imwe chete. Zviratidzo zvinogona kusiyana kubva pazvishoma kusvika zvakanyanya. Zvakare, kunyangwe kurapwa kuchibatsira vamwe vanhu kubata zviratidzo zvavo, vamwe vangasadaro. Chiremba wako achashanda newe kuti awane nzira yakanakisisa yekurapa. Vanogona kukupa pfungwa yakanaka yezvaunotarisira.

Tardive Dyskinesia inogona kudzivirirwa here?

Tardive dyskinesia chirwere chakaoma kufanotaura. Haasi munhu wese anotora mimwe mishonga achachiwana.

Kana uine zvinhu zvinokonzera njodzi zvinoita kuti uve nechirwere ichi, taura nachiremba wako. Unogona kudzivirira tardive dyskinesia nekushandisa mumwe mushonga. Kuti uderedze njodzi yako yekubatwa nechirwere ichi, chiremba wako achakupa mushonga wemishonga yekurwisa pfungwa unoshanda zvishoma kwenguva pfupi.

Kana uri kutora mushonga unozivikanwa kuti unokonzera chirwere cheTD, taura nachiremba wako nezvekuongororwa nguva dzose kwezvirwere zvekufamba. Kuonekwa kwezviratidzo zveTD nekukurumidza kunogona kubatsira kuderedza kuoma kwazvo. Zvakanaka kuongororwa mukati memwedzi mitatu kusvika mitanhatu kubva pakutanga kwekushandisa mushonga unogona kukonzera chirwere cheTD.

Ndingazvitarisira sei kana ndine Tardive Dyskinesia?

Chiremba wako achashanda newe kuti agadzirise hurongwa hwako hwekurapa sezvinodiwa. Heano mamwe matanho aunogona kutora kuti urarame nechirwere cheTD:

• Ita ongororo yezviratidzo nachiremba wako nguva dzose mwedzi mitatu kusvika mitanhatu yega yega.
• Chengeta zvinyorwa zvezviratidzo zvako. Kana ukatanga zviratidzo zvitsva, udza chiremba wako.
• Zviitire hanya, kusanganisira kuita maekisesaizi. Kurovedza muviri kunogona kubatsira kuderedza zvimwe zviratidzo zvekufamba.
• Taura nachiremba wako nezvemabasa ako ezuva nezuva uye mararamiro ako.
• Kana hutano hwako hwepfungwa nehwemagariro evanhu huri kukanganiswa nechirwere chepfungwa, tsvaga rubatsiro kubva kune anopa mazano ehutano hwepfungwa .

Ndinofanira kuenda kuchipatara riini?

Kana uchinetseka kufema nekuda kwe tardive dyskinesia, fonera 911 (1990 muSri Lanka) nekukasika kana kuenda kuchipatara chiri pedyo.

Pakupedzisira, zvinhu zvekurangarira (Mharidzo Yekuenda Kumba)

Tardive dyskinesia (TD) inokanganisa vanhu zvakasiyana. Kune vamwe, inogona kukanganisa hupenyu hwavo zvakanyanya. Asi yeuka, chiremba wako achashanda newe kuti aongorore uye atarisire TD yako. Vanogona kukurudzira nekugadzirisa hurongwa hwekurapa kuti huenderane nezvaunoda, uye kupa mazano ekuzvitarisira anogona kubatsira. Usamborega kutora mishonga yako kana kuchinja dosage usina zano rachiremba wako. Taura nachiremba wako nezvemibvunzo kana zvinokunetsa zvaungave nazvo.

Tardive dyskinesia, kufamba-famba kusingatarisirwi, migumisiro yemishonga, antipsychotics, neuropathies, dopamine, VMAT inhibitors