Wakambonzwa nezve 'Thymus Gland' here? Pamwe kwete. Igland diki riri muchipfuva chedu, kunyanya pamberi pemoyo. Rinonyanya kukosha kumasoja edu emuviri patinenge tiri vadiki. Asi dzimwe nguva gland diki iri rinogona kukonzera matambudziko makuru ehutano. Ndipo apo vanachiremba vanokurudzira kuvhiyiwa kunonzi 'Thymectomy'. Saka nhasi tichataura nezveizvi, kureva kuvhiyiwa kwekubvisa thymus gland, muchidimbu.
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, chii chinonzi thymectomy?
Kuvhiyiwa kweThymectomy inzira yekuvhiya yekubvisa thymus gland yako pamwe chete nemamota angave akaipoteredza. Haisi kuvhiyiwa kwakajairika. Ongororo yakaitwa muUnited States yakawana kuti kuvhiyiwa uku kunosvika 7,000 kwakaitwa mumakore gumi nematatu. Izvi zvinoreva kuvhiyiwa kunosvika 1,000 pagore. Saka unogona kufungidzira kuti uku kuvhiyiwa kwakanyatsogadzirwa.
Kuvhiyiwa kwe thymectomy kunoitirwa papi?
Kuvhiyiwa uku kunonyanya kuitwa sekurapa matambudziko akawanda ane chekuita ne thymus gland. Ngationei kuti chii.
| Dambudziko rehutano | Tsananguro iri nyore |
|---|---|
| Myasthenia Gravis | Ichi chirwere chinokonzerwa ne autoimmune. Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, masoja emuviri anorwisa kubatana kuripo pakati petsinga netsandanyama mumuviri. Izvi zvinokonzera zviratidzo zvakaita sekushaya simba kwetsandanyama, maziso akarembera, uye kuoma kutaura nekumedza. Kubvisa thymus gland kunogona kudzora chirwere ichi zvakanyanya. |
| Thymoma | Urwu rudzi rwegomarara rinokura mugland rethymus. Idzi dzinowanzova mhando yegomarara rinokura mugland rethymus. Kurapa kukuru kubvisa gland pamwe chete negomarara kuburikidza nekuvhiyiwa. |
| Matumbu eNeuroendocrine | Iyi ndeimwe mhando yebundu rinogona kuumbwa mu thymus gland. |
| Mabundu asina kunaka | Dzimwe nguva, bundu risiri rekenza, kana kuti risina njodzi, rinogona kukura mugland rethymus. Idzi dzinobviswawo panguva yekuvhiyiwa uku. |
Unogadzirira sei usati wavhiyiwa?
Chiremba wako achanyora nhoroondo yako yese yezvekurapa usati wavhiyiwa thymeectomy, uye achakunyatsoongorora. Pamusoro pezvo, vanogona kuita bvunzo dzinotevera:
- Kuongororwa kwebasa remapapu: Izvi zvinoongorora kuti mapapu ako ari kushanda zvakanaka sei.
- Electrocardiogram (EKG): Izvi zvinoedza mashandiro emagetsi emwoyo wako.
- Kuyedzwa kwekushushikana kwemoyo: Kuyedzwa kunoyera mashandiro emoyo panguva yekurovedza muviri.
- Kuongororwa kweCT (Computed Tomography - CT scan): Izvi zvinogona kuburitsa mifananidzo yakadzama ye3D yemukati memuviri. Izvi zvinogona kubatsira kuona nemazvo saizi nenzvimbo yethymus gland.
- MRI Scan (Magnetic Resonance Imaging - MRI): Iyi imwe nzira inotora mifananidzo yakadzama yenyama dziri mukati memuviri.
- Kuongororwa kwePET (Positron Emission Tomography - PET scan): Kuongororwa uku kwakakosha kuti uone mashandiro emasero mumuviri, kunyanya kana paine masero ekenza.
Chinonyanya kukosha: Unofanira kuudza chiremba wako nezvemishonga yese, mavhitamini, nezvimwe zvinovaka muviri zvauri kutora usati wavhiyiwa. Usarega kutora chero mishonga usina kurairwa nachiremba wako. Kazhinji, uchakumbirwa kurega kudya nekunwa kubva pakati pehusiku husiku usati wavhiyiwa.
Kuti udzivise matambudziko ekufema mushure mekuvhiyiwa, kunyanya kana uine myasthenia gravis, unogona kupihwa immunoglobulin yemutsinga kana plasma exchange therapy usati wavhiyiwa.
Ngatidzidzei nezvekuti kuvhiyiwa uku kunoitwa sei.
Kuvhiyiwa kweThymectomy kunogona kuitwa nenzira mbiri huru. Imwe inzira yechinyakare, inosanganisira kuvhura chipfuva, uye imwe nzira, inosanganisira kushandisa kamera nerobhoti kuburikidza nekuchekwa kudiki. Chiremba wako ndiye achasarudza kuti ndeipi nzira yakakunakira.
1. Maitiro ekunze kwenyika
Izvi zvakafanana nekuvhiyiwa kwemoyo kwakavhurika.
- Danho 1: Chipfuva chinovhurwa nekucheka pfupa rose kana chikamu charo pakati pechipfuva (sternum). Izvi zvinonzi sternotomy mukurapa.
- Danho rechipiri: Gland rethymus pamwe chete nenyama dzese dzakakanganiswa dzakaripoteredza zvinobviswa paburi.
- Danho rechitatu: Mushure mekuvhiyiwa, chubhu imwe kana mbiri dzechipfuva dzinoiswa muchipfuva kuti dzibudise mvura neropa zvingave zvakaungana mukati.
- Danho rechina: Pakupedzisira, pfupa repachipfuva rinosungirirwazve uchishandisa waya uye ganda rinosonwa.
2. Robotic-assisted kana VATS (nzira diki yekucheka)
Iyi inzira isinganyanyi kupindira mumuviri. VATS inomirira Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgery.
- Danho 1: Maburi madiki matatu anogadzirwa kune rimwe divi rechipfuva. Kamera inopinzwa neparimwe rawo.
- Danho rechipiri: Uchishandisa ruoko rwerobhoti kana zvishandiso zvirefu, uye uchitungamirirwa nemifananidzo yekamera, thymus gland (uye chero bundu, kana riripo) zvinonyatsoparadzaniswa nenyama yakakomberedza.
- Danho rechitatu: Kana zvichidikanwa, kucheka kwakafanana kunoitirwa kune rimwe divi rechipfuva kuti gland ribviswe zvachose.
- Danho rechina: Nyama yese yakabviswa inoiswa mubhegi rakakosha mukati mechipfuva yoburitswa nepaburi diki rakagadzirwa.
- Danho rechishanu: Machubhu rimwe kana maviri anoiswa kuti abudise mvura iri muchubhu.
- Danho rechitanhatu: Kuti uderedze marwadzo mushure mekuvhiyiwa, uchapihwa mushonga wekudzivirira tsinga dziri mumadziro echipfuva.
- Danho rechinomwe: Pakupedzisira, zvishandiso zvinobviswa uye maburi madiki anosonerwa.
Kuvhiyiwa uku kunogona kutora pakati pemaawa maviri nemana, zvichienderana nekuoma kwekushanda uye nzira inoshandiswa.
Chii chinoitika mushure mekuvhiyiwa?
Mushure mekuvhiyiwa, muchachengetwa muimba yekupona kusvika mapora. Chubhu yekufema yakaiswa muimba yekuvhiyiwa ichabviswa. Pakutanga, muchada okisijeni, mvura yemutsinga, uye mishonga inonyaradza marwadzo. Kazhinji muchaendeswa kuchipatara chenguva dzose pazuva rimwe chete rekuvhiyiwa.
Ndezvipi zvakanakira uye mwero wekubudirira kwekuvhiyiwa uku?
Mhedzisiro yekuvhiyiwa uku yakanaka chaizvo, kunyanya kune vanhu vane myasthenia gravis uye avo vanofanirwa kuvhiyiwa kuburikidza nekucheka zvidimbu zvidiki.
| Chikamu chezvakanakira | Mabhenefiti akagamuchirwa |
|---|---|
| Mabhenefiti kune varwere veMyasthenia Gravis | |
| Kurapwa muchipatara | Kuderera kwehuwandu hwevanhu vanorapwa muchipatara nekuda kwehurwere. |
| Kushandisa zvinodhaka | Kuderedza kudiwa kwekushandisa mishonga yakaita seprednisone. |
| Zviratidzo | Kuderera kwekushaya simba kwetsandanyama. |
| Kupora kwakakwana | Vamwe vanhu vanogona kutowana zororo, apo zviratidzo zvavo zvinopera zvachose uye vanogona kurarama vasina mishonga. |
| Mabhenefiti Ekuvhiya Kusingakuvadzi Zvishoma | |
| Nguva yandakapedza ndiri muchipatara | Kugara kwenguva pfupi muchipatara. |
| Marwadzo nematambudziko | Kuderedza njodzi yekurwadziwa, kubuda ropa, nezvimwe zvinetso. |
| Kupora nekukurumidza | Kukwanisa kudzokera kumabasa enguva dzose nekukurumidza. |
Ruzhinji rwevanhu vanovhiyiwa uku nekuda kwechirwere chemyasthenia gravis vanoona mhedzisiro yakanaka mukati megore . Vanenge 70% vanowana kudzikira kwezviratidzo uye kudiwa kwemishonga. Pakati pe30% ne40% vanogona kuwana kupera kwezviratidzo zvachose.
Kuvhiyiwa kwegomarara re thymoma kunogona kurapa gomarara iri zvachose.
Ndezvipi njodzi dzinogona kuitika kana munhu avhiyiwa?
Sekunge kune chero kuvhiyiwa kupi zvako, thymectomy inogona kutakura njodzi nematambudziko, asi izvi hazviwanzoitiki.
- Kukuvadzwa kwemwoyo, tsinga, kana tsinga yeropa iri pedyo.
- Kubuda ropa rakawanda.
- Pneumothorax: Kuputsika kwemapapu.
- Pneumonia: Utachiona hwemapapu.
- Hemothorax: Kuunganidzwa kweropa pakati pemadziro echipfuva nemapapu.
- Chylothorax: Kuunganidzwa kwemvura pakati pemadziro echipfuva nemapapu.
- Kashoma, kushushikana kwekuvhiyiwa kunogona kukonzera kuwedzera kwezviratidzo zve myasthenia gravis ( myasthenic crisis ).
Kupora uye zvekutarisira mune ramangwana
Nguva yekupora inoenderana nekuti wakavhiyiwa pachena here kana kuti wakavhiyiwa zvishoma. Vanhu vazhinji vachafanira kugara muchipatara kwehusiku humwe chete. Marwadzo ekuvhiyiwa anowanzopera mushure memavhiki maviri. Unofanira kunwa mishonga inonyaradza marwadzo yaunopihwa nachiremba.
Mushure mekuvhiyiwa, chiremba wako wetsinga acharamba achikutarisa. Zvichienderana nezviratidzo zvako, iye ndiye achasarudza kuti unofanira kutora mushonga wako we myasthenia gravis kwenguva yakareba sei uye kuti ungaderedza sei mushonga wacho.
Kune kenza yethymoma, mamiriro acho ezvinhu anoenderana nedanho rekenza yacho.
- Danho Rokutanga: Pane mukana wekuti munhu apore zvakakwana ne95%.
- Danho rechipiri: Pane mukana wekuti chirwere chirapwe ne75% kusvika 80%. Kurapa nemwaranzi kunogona kudiwa.
- Danho Rechitatu: Pane mukana we25% kusvika 40% wekuti chirwere chirapwe. Zvese zviri zviviri, radiation ne chemotherapy zvinogona kudiwa.
Ndinofanira kuona chiremba zvakare rini?
Kana wadzokera kumba mushure mekuvhiyiwa, kana ukaona chimwe chezviratidzo zvinotevera, unofanira kuzivisa chiremba wako nekukasika .
- Kutadza kufema zvakanaka.
- Kurwadziwa kwakanyanya kune rumwe rutivi rwechipfuva.
- Kufema nekukurumidza.
- Kurova kwemoyo nekukurumidza.
- Kupindwa nechando.
- Kukosora.
- Kubuda ropa kubva paronda rekuvhiyiwa.
- Kudzokorora kwezviratidzo zve myasthenia gravis.
Zvakajairika kuti munhu wese anzwe kutya kana akanzwa nezvekuvhiyiwa. Asi yeuka, vanachiremba vanoita zvinhu izvi nguva dzese. Chinangwa chavo ndechekukupa mhedzisiro yakanakisisa. Saka, inzwa wakasununguka kubvunza chiremba wako chero mibvunzo yaunayo nezvekuvhiyiwa kwako kana maitiro acho. Izvi zvichaita kuti pfungwa dzako dzigadzikane.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Thymectomy kuvhiyiwa kubviswa kwe thymus gland iri muchipfuva.
- Kuvhiyiwa uku kunonyanya kuitwa sekurapa zvirwere zvakaita seMyasthenia Gravis neThymoma .
- Kuvhiyiwa uku kunogona kuitwa pachena kana kuti kusingakuvadzi zvakanyanya . Nzira iyi inoita kuti munhu akwanise kupora nekukurumidza uye marwadzo nematambudziko ashoma.
- Nguva yekupora uye mhedzisiro zvinogona kusiyana kubva pamunhu kuenda kune mumwe uye zvichienderana nekuvhiyiwa kwacho.
- Kana ukaona zviratidzo zvisingawanzoitiki mushure mekuvhiyiwa, zivisa chiremba wako nekukasika.
- Kurukurai mibvunzo kana zvinokunetsai nezve kuvhiyiwa kwenyu nachiremba wenyu.
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