Gland re thyroid rinokanganisa maziso ako here? Ngatidzidzei zvese nezvechirwere che thyroid!

Wakambonzwa here kuti matambudziko ethyroid anogona kukanganisa maziso ako? Dzimwe nguva, chirwere chimwe chinogona kubatanidzwa nechimwe nenzira dzatisingatombozivi. Ndizvo zvinonzi chirwere chemaziso ethyroid, kana kuti sezvinonzi vanachiremba, (Thyroid Eye Disease - TED). Apa ndipo apo nyama dzakatetepa dzakakomberedza maziso ako dzinozvimba. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera kusagadzikana nekurwadziwa mumaziso ako. Chirwere ichi chinowanzoonekwa muvanhu vane zvirwere zve autoimmune zvinorwisa thyroid gland. Izvi zvinonyanya kuitika muvanhu vane chirwere chinonzi (Graves' disease). Ndosaka vanachiremba dzimwe nguva vachidana kuti Graves' Eye Disease.

Chii chinonzi chirwere chemaziso chethyroid (TED)?

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, chirwere chemaziso cheThyroid Eye Disease (TED) chirwere chinokanganisa nyama dzakatenderedza maziso ako, zvichiita kuti azvimbe. Ichi chirwere chinokonzerwa ne autoimmune, zvichireva kuti masoja emuviri wako anorwisa gland re thyroid pamwe nenyama dzakatenderedza maziso ako zvisirizvo.

Funga nezvazvo sekuti masoja edu ekudzivirira muviri akafanana neuto rinodzivirira nyika yedu. Asi dzimwe nguva mauto aya anokanganisa orwisa vanhu vawo. Ndizvo zvinoitika muzvirwere zve autoimmune.

TED haisi chirwere chinouya chichienda. Chine matanho akasiyana. Kuzvimba nekusagadzikana kunogona kuuya nekuenda kwemakore maviri kana kupfuura. Zviratidzo zvinosiyana kubva kumunhu kusvika kumunhu; vamwe vanhu vanogona kusaona zvakawanda, nepo vamwe vanogona kuona zviratidzo zvakakomba. Kune vanhu vazhinji, hazvina kuipa. Zvisinei, kana zvikanyanya, zvinogona kukonzera kukuvara kwemaziso zvachose, kuchinja kwechitarisiko, uye kurasikirwa nekuona.

Ungave wakanzwa vanachiremba vachishandisa mamwe mazita padambudziko iri. Mazita aya anosanganisira:

• Kurapa kwemaziso etiirasi
• Kutenderera kwetsinga mumuviri
• Kurapa kwemaziso eGraves
• Kutenderera kweropa muGraves

Aya ese mazita akasiyana echirwere chimwe chete, saka musazvidya mwoyo.

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvechirwere cheziso re thyroid (TED)?

Ngationei kuti mungaziva sei chirwere ichi. Onai kana muine chimwe chezviratidzo izvi kana kupfuura:

• Proptosis: Maziso anoita seakakura uye akabudikira.
• Maziso anokwenya, anotsva: Zvinongonzwa kusagadzikana, sekunge pane chakaipa nemaziso ako.
• Kuzvimba uye kutsvuka kwemaziso (Blepharitis): Micheto yemaziso inogona kunge yakazvimba uye yakatsvuka.
• Maziso akaoma kana kubvaruka kakawanda: Vamwe vanhu vanonzwa maziso akaoma, vamwe vachingonzwa misodzi.
• Kubwaira-bwaira kakawanda: Kubwaira-bwaira kakawanda, kusingadzoreki kwemaziso.
• Kunzwa chiedza (Photophobia): Maziso anova ebhuruu, kunyangwe zuva rabuda kana mwenje yakabatidzwa, zvichiita kuti zviome kuona.
• Kurwadziwa kweziso nemusoro:Inogona kunge ichiperekedzwa nekurwadziwa kumeso, pamwe nemusoro.
• Kuoma kwekufambisa maziso: Zvinoita sekunge zvakaoma kufambisa maziso kana wakatarisa kumusoro, pasi, kana kumativi.
• Diplopia: Kuona chinhu chimwe sezvinhu zviviri.

Zviratidzo izvi zvinowanzobata maziso ese ari maviri, asi dzimwe nguva zviratidzo izvi zvinogona kuonekwa muziso rimwe chete.

Ndezvipi zvinetso zveGraves' Eye Disease?

Kana chirwere cheziso chethyroid chapera, kuchinja kwechitarisiko nekuona kwemaziso kunogona kuvandudzika. Asi izvi hazviwanzoitika. Dzimwe nguva, nyama dzakakomberedza maziso dzinogona kuva nemavanga uye dzingasadzoke pazvakajairika. Uyewo, dzimwe nzvimbo dzeziso dzinokanganisa kuona dzinogona kukuvara zvachose. Asi musazvidya mwoyo, zvinhu izvi zvinogona kurapwa nekuvhiyiwa.

Kuchinja kwechitarisiko chemunhu zvachose:

• Kudzosa tsiye
• Maziso akabudikira
• Maziso akarembera
• Maziso matsvuku

Kuchinja kwechigarire mukuona kunogona kuitika:

• Kuona kusina kujeka
• Kuona kaviri
• Kurasikirwa nekuona kwakanyanya - Izvi hazviwanzoitiki, asi zvakanaka kuziva.

Sei tichibatwa nechirwere cheziso chethyroid (TED)?

Sezvatakambotaura, chirwere chinokonzerwa ne autoimmune. Izvi zvinoreva kuti masoja emuviri wako anorwisa gland rako re thyroid nenyama dzakakomberedza maziso ako. Chirwere cheGraves ndicho chinonyanya kukonzera. Asi chinogonawo kuitika kune vanhu vane zvimwe zvirwere zve autoimmune thyroid, zvakaita sechirwere chaHashimoto. Zvinoshamisa kuti dzimwe nguva vanhu vasina matambudziko e thyroid uye mazinga akajairwa emahormone e thyroid vanogona kuwana TED.

Muzvirwere izvi, mamwe ma antibodies anogadzirwa nemuviri wako anoshanda sema hormone e thyroid uye anonamatira kuma hormone e thyroid. Ma receptor aya anowanzo kuwanikwa mu thyroid gland, asi mamwe anowanikwawo munyama dziri kumashure kwemaziso. Saka, ma antibodies akafanana anokanganisa thyroid anokanganisawo maziso.

Ndiani ari panjodzi huru yekubatwa nechirwere ichi (TED)?

Vamwe vanhu vane mukana mukuru wekuwana chirwere ichi. Tarisa kana uri mune chimwe chezvikamu izvi:

• Kana uri mukadzi: Vakadzi vane mukana wakapetwa kashanu wekubata chirwere cheGraves nechirwere chemaziso cheGraves kupfuura varume. (Zvisinei, kana murume akachibata, chinowanzova chakakomba.)
• Kana huwandu hwemahormone ethyroid asina kujairika:Kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwemahormone ethyroid (hyperthyroidism) uye kuderera kwehuwandu hwemahormone ethyroid (hypothyroidism) zvinogona kukonzera TED. Mahormone aya, sema antibodies atakurukura kare, anokurudzira ma receptors mumatishu emaziso.
• Kana wakamborapwa neradioiodine therapy (RAI therapy): RAI therapy inzira huru yekurapa hyperthyroidism. Zvisinei, inogona kukonzera kana kuita kuti TED iwedzere kuipa.
• Kana uchisvuta: Izvi zvakakosha zvikuru. Vanhu vanosvuta uye vanosvuta fodya yavanosvuta vari panjodzi huru yekubatwa nechirwere chemaziso chethyroid. Zvakare, zviratidzo zvacho zvinogona kunge zvakanyanya uye zvinogara kwenguva refu kune vanosvuta. Kana uine TED, chinhu chakanakisa chaunogona kuzviitira ndechekurega kusvuta.

Ndingaziva sei kana paine vanachiremba (TED)?

Chiremba wako anogona kuona chirwere ichi nekuongororwa kwemaziso ako uye kunyatsoongorora maziso ako.

Kana paine fungidziro yakadaro, vacharaira kuti ropa rako riongororwe kakawanda kuti vaone kana mahormone ako ethyroid ari akawanda kana kuti mashoma.

Uye zvakare, chiremba anogona kukumbira mimwe miedzo yakati wandei:

• Kuongororwa kwemaziso neultrasound
• Bvunzo reCT Scan (Computed Tomography - CT)
• Bvunzo reMRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging - MRI)

Miedzo iyi inogona kuona kuti nyama dzakakomberedza maziso dzakazvimba zvakadii uye kana paine kumanikidzwa kwetsinga.

Ndezvipi zvinorapwa (TED)?

Rudzi rwekurapwa kwaunoda runoenderana nedanho rechirwere uye kuoma kwacho. (TED) Munguva yechirwere ichi, kune mishonga inogona kubatsira kuderedza zviratidzo. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira mishonga yekumba, mishonga inotengeswa kunze kwemuchipatara, kana mishonga inonyorerwa nachiremba. Mushure mekunge chirwere ichi chapera, ungangoda kuvhiyiwa kuti udzorere chitarisiko chako kana kugadzirisa kuona kwako.

Kurapa kuderedza zviratidzo

Kurapa uku kunogona kubatsira kana TED ichishanda:

• Madonhwe emaziso: Kune mhando dzakasiyana dzemadonhwe emaziso ekuderedza maziso akaoma, matsvuku, kana anorwadza.
• Mishonga yekuwedzera yeSelenium: Kushomeka kweSelenium kwakawanikwa kuchiwedzera zviratidzo zveTED, saka chiremba wako anogona kukurudzira izvi.
• Magirazi eScleral: Aya akafanana nemagirazi ekuonana, asi anofukidza nzvimbo yakakura yeziso, zvichipa dziviriro yakawedzerwa. Anogona zvakare kushandiswa kupa mishonga.
• Zvinobatsira pakuona:Kana uine maziso maviri, chiremba wako anogona kukurudzira kushandisa chigamba chemaziso kana kupfeka magirazi ane maprism akakosha.
• Mishonga ye (Thionamides): Kana uine (hyperthyroidism) (nekuda kwechirwere cheGraves), mishonga yakaita se (methimazole) uye (propylthiouracil) inogona kupihwa kuderedza huwandu hwemahormone ethyroid.
• Corticosteroids: Kana zviratidzo zvako zvakanyanya, chiremba wako anogona kukupa mishonga yecorticosteroid kwenguva pfupi yekuderedza kuzvimba. Iyi inogona kupihwa semapiritsi anotorwa nemuromo kana jekiseni mutsinga (IV).
• (Teprotumumab - Tepezza®): Uyu ndiwo mushonga wekutanga wakatenderwa muUnited States muna 2020 kurapa (TED). Uyu mushonga mutsva mukirasi inonzi (biologics) unoderedza kuzvimba. Mimwe mishonga yakaita seuyu iri kugadzirwa izvozvi.
• Kurapa nemwaranzi: Funga nezvekurapa nemwaranzi kuti uparadze masero emuviri anoshanda ari kumashure kwemaziso uye kuderedza kuzvimba. Chiremba wemaziso ako anogona kukutumira kuna chiremba wemwaranzi.

Yeukai, kana mishonga iyi isingakushandirei, timu yenyu yezvekurapa ichapa dzimwe nzira dzekurapa. Kuvhiyiwa hakuwanzodiwi panguva yechirwere chemaziso cheGraves. Kazhinji, kuvhiyiwa kunofungwa nezvako mushure mekunge mamiriro ako agadzikana. Ndipo chete patinozoziva zvechokwadi kuti ndedzipi shanduko dzechitarisiko nemaonero dzichagara dziripo.

Kuvhiyiwa kwe (TED)

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kuvhiyiwa kunogona kudiwa:

• Kuvhiyiwa kwekubvisa kumanikidzwa kwemaziso: Kashoma, kuvhiyiwa uku kunodiwa kana kuzvimba kuri kukonzera kumanikidzwa kwetsinga dzemaziso. Chiremba anobvisa chidimbu chepfupa kuti aderedze kumanikidzwa. Izvi zvinoitirwawo kuderedza kuzvimba kweziso mushure mekunge chirwere chapera.
• Kuvhiyiwa kweGyroid: Kurapa hyperthyroidism yakanyanya. Kana mushonga ukatadza kudzora huwandu hwemahormone eGyroid, gland reGyroid ringangoda kubviswa.
• Kuvhiyiwa kwemaziso: Kana maziso ako akawira mukati, kuvhiyiwa uku kunoitwa kuti adzorere chimiro chawo chepakutanga. Izvi hazvingorerutsi kurwadziwa kwemaziso chete, asiwo zvinovandudza chitarisiko uye zvinodzivirira ziso kuti risasvibiswe.
• Kuvhiyiwa kwetsandanyama dzemaziso: Kuvhiyiwa uku kungadiwa kana tsandanyama dzinofambisa maziso dzine mavanga uye dzichiomerwa nekufambisa maziso, kana kana maziso asina kumira zvakanaka uye ukaona mativi maviri akasiyana.
• Kuvhiyiwa kweOculoplastic: Izvi zvinosanganisira kuvaka patsva kwenyama dzakapfava uye/kana mapfupa akakomberedza maziso. Izvi zvinogona kugadzirisa matambudziko ekushongedza zvakaita semaziso akabuda nemabhegi ari pasi pemaziso.
• Kuisirwa kwe cornea:Kana cornea yakakuvara zvakanyanya nekuda kwekusangana neziso panguva yechirwere ichi, kuiswa cornea kunogona kutariswa senzira yekuvandudza kuona.

(TED) Ndeipi tarisiro yemamiriro ezvinhu aya?

Kune vanhu vazhinji, TED haina kunyanya kuipa, saka mamiriro acho ezvinhu anowanzova akanaka. Vanhu vazhinji vane zviratidzo zvishoma, izvo zvinowanzopera zvega. Zvisinei, zviratidzo zvinogona kuva zvakanyanya kune vanhu vane makore anopfuura makumi mashanu. Kana uine TED yakanyanya, ungangoda kurapwa kwakasiyana-siyana kuti uigadzirise. Vamwe vanhu vanogona kuchinja maziso avo zvachose, izvo zvingada kuvhiyiwa.

Ndinofanira kuona chiremba rini?

Kana uine chirwere chemaziso chethyroid, zvakakosha kuzivisa timu yako yehutano kana zviratidzo zvako zvikawedzera. Unofanirawo kuvaudza kana ukaona shanduko mukuona kwako. Dzimwe shanduko dzingada kurapwa nekukurumidza. Fonera chiremba wako nekukasika kana ukaona chimwe chezvinotevera:

• Kana nzvimbo yako yekuona ichiita seyava kuderera, kana kuti uri kurasikirwa nekuona kune rimwe divi.
• Kana mavara acho akasiyana pane zvaanofanira kuita.
• Kana ukanzwa kurwadziwa kwakanyanya kwemaziso kamwe kamwe.

Chirwere chemaziso cheGraves chinogona kukanganisa hupenyu hwako. Vanhu vazhinji havana zviratidzo zvakakomba, asi zvinogona kunetsa zvikuru kana zvikaitika. Kuzvimba kwakakomberedza maziso kunogona kukanganisa nyaradzo yako, kuona, uye chitarisiko chako. Zvinoda timu yevanachiremba kuti vakubatsire kurarama nezvose izvi. Zvakakoshawo kuva nerutsigiro muhupenyu hwako. Kana usiri kuwana rutsigiro rwaunoda, bvunza timu yako yezvekurapa. Vangangokwanisa kukuudza nezvezvinhu zvinogona kukubatsira nehutano hwako hwepfungwa.

Zvinhu zvakakosha zvekurangarira (Mharidzo Yekuenda Kumba)

Zvakanaka, ngatipfupisei zvimwe zvezvinhu zvaunofanira kurangarira kubva pane zvatataura nezvazvo:

• Chirwere cheziso chethyroid (TED) chirwere chinokanganisa maziso ane chekuita nematambudziko egland rethyroid.
• Ziva zviratidzo zvakaita semaziso anobuda, kutsvuka, kuzvimba, uye kuona kaviri.
• Kana uchisvuta, rega zvachose. Uku ndiko kubatsira kukuru kwaunogona kuita.
• Kana zviratidzo zvakomba kana kuti ukaona shanduko mukuona , tsvaga rubatsiro rwechiremba nekukasika.
• Kune vanhu vazhinji, chirwere ichi hachisi chakakomba, uye kune nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekurapa dziripo. Saka musavhunduka, asi zvakakosha kutsvaga rubatsiro rwakakodzera rwechiremba.
• Hutano hwepfungwa dzako hunokoshawo zvikuru panguva ino. Usazeza kutsvaga rubatsiro rweizvozvo kana uchida rubatsiro.

Ndinovimba ruzivo urwu ruchakubatsira. Ramba uine hutano hwakanaka!

` Chirwere chemaziso chethyroid, chirwere cheGraves, kuzvimba kwemaziso, kutsvuka kwemaziso, matambudziko ekuona, thyroid, mahormone