Dzimwe nguva unonzwa kurwadziwa kwemakumbo kana kurwadziwa kweganda paunofamba here? Kana kuti makumbo ako anoita sebhuruu uye akasungwa here? Izvi zvinogona kuva zviratidzo zvekuti pane matambudziko muhurongwa hweropa, kureva, mitsipa yeropa mumuviri wedu. Saka nhasi, ngatitaurei nezvezvirwere izvi zvine chekuita netsinga dzeropa, kana sezvatinozvidaidza nenyanzvi dzezvehutano, 'chirwere chetsinga'.
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, zvirwere izvi zvetsinga dzeropa chii?
Chirwere chetsinga dzeropa chinoreva chero chirwere chinokanganisa nzira yedu yekufamba kweropa. Fungidzira kuti miviri yedu yakaita senzvimbo yemapombi. Nzvimbo iyi yemapombi itsinga dzedu dzeropa. Ndimo munofambwa ropa nemuviri wedu kuburikidza neizvi. Nzvimbo iyi ine zvikamu zvitatu zvikuru.
- Tsinga dzeropa: Idzi ndidzo tsinga huru dzeropa dzinotakura ropa rakachena (ropa rine oxygen) kubva pamoyo kuenda kune dzimwe nhengo dzese dzemuviri.
- Tsinga: Idzi ndidzo tsinga dzinotakura ropa risina kuchena (ropa risina oxygen) dzichiridzosera kumoyo kubva kumativi akasiyana emuviri.
- Mapaipi: Aya ndiwo tsinga dzeropa diki uye dzakapfava. Dzinobatanidza tsinga dzeropa netsinga, uye dzinoendesa okisijeni nezvinovaka muviri kunyama dzedu uye dzinounganidza tsvina.
Saka, chero dambudziko ripi zvaro rinokanganisa tsinga idzi, mitsipa, ma capillaries, kana lymph vessels, kana chero chirwere chinokanganisa kuyerera kweropa nekuda kwezvinetso zvine chekuita neropa zvakaita sekugwamba kweropa, ndicho chatinodaidza kuti chirwere chetsinga.
Ndeapi marudzi makuru ezvirwere zvetsinga dzeropa?
Zvirwere izvi zvinogona kukamurwa kuita mhando dzakasiyana-siyana. Zvimwe zvinongokanganisa mitsipa chete, zvimwe zvinongokanganisa mitsipa chete. Kunewo zvirwere zvinongokanganisa nzvimbo dzakati dzemuviri chete. Ngatitarisei mhando huru.
1. Chirwere cheTsandara yeMhuno
Kungofanana netsinga dzemwoyo dziri mumoyo medu, tsinga dziri kunze kwemoyo dzinovharirwawo nezvinhu zvakaita semafuta necholesterol, zvatinodaidza kuti 'plaque' , uye tsinga dzinotanga kuvharika kubva mukati. Tinodaidza chirwere ichi kuti 'atherosclerosis' . Nekufamba kwenguva, kana tsinga dzavharika nenzira iyi, kuyerera kweropa kunoderera. Nekuda kweizvozvo, nhengo dzemuviri dzinogona kusagamuchira huwandu hweropa hunodiwa. Tinodaidza izvi kuti 'ischemia' .
Zvimwe zvezvirwere zviri muchikamu ichi zvakanyorwa pazasi.
| Dambudziko rehutano | Tsananguro iri nyore |
|---|---|
| Chirwere cheThyororo reMhino (PAD) | Kazhinji, tsinga dzemumakumbo dzinovharika. Kana ropa rikabviswa zvachose, nyama yacho inofa uye ronda rinotanga, uye gumbo rinogona kutofanira kugurwa. |
| Chirwere cheIschemic muMatumbu | Kuvharika kwetsinga dzeropa dzinoendesa ropa kugadziriro yekugaya chikafu. |
| Chirwere cheThyo | Kuvharika kwetsinga dzinoendesa ropa kuitsvo. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera kutadza kushanda kweitsvo. |
| Chiitiko chaRaynaud | Kana paine dzihwa rakanyanyisa kana kushushikana, tsinga diki dzeminwe nezvigunwe dzinoita zvidimbu zvidiki, zvichiita kuti minwe ive chena kana bhuruu. |
| Chirwere chaBuerger | Chirwere chakabatana zvakanyanya nekushandiswa kwefodya. Kuvharika kwetsinga diki nepakati nepakati netsinga dzemumaoko netsoka kunogona kukonzera kurasikirwa neropa kuminwe, kufa kwenyama (ronda) uye kuchekwa kweminwe. |
2. Matambudziko eCarotid Artery
Aya matambudziko anoitika mutsinga huru dzeropa, dziri kumativi ese emutsipa wedu, dzinopa ropa kuuropi.
- Chirwere cheCarotid Artery: Kudzikira kana kuvharika kwetsinga iyi inopa ropa kuuropi kunogona kukonzera kurwiswa kweischemic kwenguva pfupi (TIA) kana sitiroko .
- Kutsemuka kwetsinga dzeropa (Carotid Artery Dissection): Kutsemuka kwemadziro etsinga, zvichiita kuti ropa ribude.
- Carotid Artery Aneurysm: Kusasimba kwemadziro etsinga kunoita kuti ibunduke sebharumu. Pane njodzi yekuputika uku.
3. Chirwere cheTenda
Mavharuvhu ari mukati metsinga dzeduPane chimwe chinhu chinonzi vharuvhu. Zvakafanana nepombi inongobvumira mvura kuyerera ichienda kune rimwe divi. Patinosunga tsandanyama dzedu, mavharuvhu aya anovhurika uye ropa rinofamba richikwira (richienda kumoyo). Kana tsandanyama dzasununguka, mavharuvhu anovhara uye ropa rinomira kuyerera richidzika zvakare.
Asi kana mavharuvhu aya akakuvara, haavharike zvakanaka. Ipapo ropa rinotanga kuyerera kumativi ese ari maviri. Izvi zvinoita kuti ropa riungane mumakumbo, kunyanya mumakumbo, uye tsinga dzinotanga kutaridzika sedzakazvimba uye dzakasungwa. Aya ndiwo mamiriro ezvinhu:
- Mitsipa yeVaricose: Mitsipa yakazvimba, yepepuru, yakakombama inoonekwa pasi peganda.
- Mitsipa yeSpider: Mitsipa midiki yeropa yakatsvuka kana yepepuru, yakaita sedandemutande, inoonekwa mumabvi nemakumbo.
- Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): Kugwamba kweropa kunoumbwa mutsinga yakadzika mukati memuviri.
- Kusakwana Kwetsinga Mutsinga (CVI): Kutadza kudzorera ropa kumoyo nekuda kwemadziro kana mavharuvhu etsinga dziri mumakumbo asingashande zvakanaka.
4. Mavhandi eropa
Kugwamba kweropa (thrombus) kuumbwa kwakaita sejelly mutsinga yeropa. Kugwamba uku kunogona kutyoka kwofamba neropa, kuchivhara tsinga yeropa mumapapu ( Pulmonary Embolism ), mwoyo ( Heart Attack ), kana uropi ( Stroke ). Aya mamiriro ane njodzi zvikuru.
Kana munhu aine DVT (ropa rakagwamba mutsinga yakadzika mugumbo), gwamba racho rinogona kupwanyika roenda kumapapu, zvichikonzera pulmonary embolism. Izvi zvinogona kuisa upenyu panjodzi.
5. Aneurysm yeAortic
Aneurysm kushaikwa kwemadziro etsinga yeropa, zvichiita kuti azvimbe sebharumu. Kunyangwe ichigona kuitika mutsinga chero ipi zvayo yeropa, inonyanya kuonekwa muaorta, tsinga huru inotungamira kubva pamoyo.
- Kuzvimba kweAortic Aneurysm yeTsamba: Kuzvimba kweaorta munzvimbo yechipfuva.
- Aneurysm yeAortic yedumbu: Kuzvimba kweaorta mudumbu.
6. Lymphedema
Sisitimu yedu yelymphatic network yetsinga dzakapfava dzinobatsira masoja emuviri wedu ekudzivirira chirwere. Kana tsinga idzi dzikakuvara kana kuvharika, lymph fluid inoungana uye inokonzera kuzvimba mumakumbo edu. Izvi zvinonzi Lymphedema .
Ndezvipi zvikonzero uye zvinhu zvinokonzera njodzi yezvirwere izvi?
Zvimwe zvirwere zvetsinga dzeropa zvinogona kugarwa nhaka (magene), asi kazhinji, zvirwere izvi zvinokonzerwa nemararamiro asina kunaka uye mamwe matambudziko ehutano.
- Cholesterol Yakawanda
- Kukwira Kweropa
- Kusvuta nekushandisa fodya
- Chirwere cheshuga
- Kufuta uye kuwedzera uremu
- Kusaita maekisesaizi
- Nhoroondo yemhuri yezvirwere izvi
- Kukwegura
Unewo zviratidzo izvi here?
Zviratidzo zvinosiyana zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu. Ngatitarisei zviratidzo zvezvirwere zvikuru zvakasiyana-siyana.
| Rudzi rwezvirwere | Zviratidzo zvakajairika |
|---|---|
| Chirwere chetsinga dzemutsinga (PAD) | Marwadzo kana kuti kurwadziwa mumakumbo, kunyanya mazamu, pakufamba uye zvinozopera mushure mechinguva, kuchinja kweruvara rweganda pamakumbo, maronda asingapore, uye kuneta mumakumbo. |
| Chirwere chetsinga yeropa | Kazhinji hapana zviratidzo zvinoonekwa pakutanga. Zvinogona kusaonekwa kusvika paitika sitiroko kana TIA, izvo zvinogona kukonzera matambudziko ekuona kana kutaura, kuvhiringidzika, uye matambudziko ekurangarira. |
| Mitsipa yeVaricose (CVI) | Kuzvimba kwemakumbo, kurwadziwa, kunzwa kuremerwa mumakumbo, tsinga dzebhuruu/pepuru dzinoonekwa, ganda rinokwenya. |
| Kugwamba kweropa (DVT, PE) | DVT: Kuzvimba, kurwadziwa, kutsvuka, uye kudziya kwegumbo rimwe. Kukuvadzwa kwemapapu: Kurwadziwa kwechipfuva kamwe kamwe, kunetseka kufema, kukosora ropa. (Izvi zvinokonzeresa emergency!) |
| Aneurysm yetsinga huru | Kazhinji hapana zviratidzo. Kana aneurysm ikaputika, unogona kunzwa kurwadziwa kwakakomba muchipfuva kana mudumbu, dzungu, uye kurova kwemoyo nekukurumidza. (Izvi zvakare zvinokonzeresa emergency!) |
Chiremba anoongorora sei zvirwere izvi?
Paunoshanyira chiremba wako, achakuongorora zvakakwana, achakubvunza nezvezviratidzo zvako, nhoroondo yezveutano hwemhuri yako, uye anogonawo kuraira kuti uedze bvunzo dzakawanda kuti usimbise chirwere chacho.
- Kuongororwa kwetsinga dzeropa: Uku kuongorora kunoshandisa mafungu eruzha kuti vaone kana ropa riri kufamba mukati metsinga dzeropa uye kuona kana paine kuvharika kwaro.
- CT Angiography: Kuongororwa kweCT kunoitwa kuti pave nemifananidzo yakadzama yetsinga dzeropa ine mativi matatu nekuisa chinhu chakakosha mumuviri.
- MR Angiography: Kutora mifananidzo yetsinga dzeropa nemuchina weMRI uchishandisa simba remagineti.
- Catheter Angiography: Chubhu yakatetepa (catheter) inopfuudzwa nemutsinga yeropa uye mvura yakakosha inopinzwa mairi kuti ione kuvharika kwetsinga pasi peX-ray.
Ndezvipi zviri kurapwa?
Nzira dzekurapa dzinosiyana zvichienderana nechirwere ichi uye kuoma kwacho. Zano rinowanzopihwa varwere vese nderekuchinja mararamiro avo . Izvi zvinoreva kudya chikafu chine hutano, kurovedza muviri, uye kurega kusvuta. Pamusoro pezvo, kune marapirwo akadai se:
- Mishonga: Chiremba wako anogona kukupa mishonga yakaita semishonga inodzikisa ropa, mishonga inoderedza cholesterol (statins), mishonga yeBP yakakwira, uye mishonga inodzikisa ropa.
- Angioplasty uye Stenting: Maitiro ekuisa chinhu chakaita sebharumu mutsinga yeropa yakavharika, chofuridzirwa kuti chiwedzere tsinga (angioplasty), uye chinoiswa chinhu chakaita semesh (stent) kudzivirira kuvharika zvakare.
- Kuvhiyiwa: Muzvimwe zviitiko, zvinodikanwa kubvisa tsinga yakavharika woitsiva neimwe tsinga (bypass surgery) kana kubvisa ropa rakagwamba (thrombectomy). Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadai semitsipa yakakuvara, kurapwa nelaser kana kuvhiyiwa kunoshandiswawo kubvisa tsinga.
Chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti chiremba wako ndiye achasarudza mushonga wakanakira iwe. Saka usaenda kunotora mushonga nekuti wakauona pa internet kana kuti wakanzwa nezvawo kubva kune mumwe munhu.
Ndeipi nguva yaunofanira kamwe kamwe kuenda kuETU?
Kana iwe kana mumwe munhu waunoziva akasangana nezviratidzo zvinotevera, enda kuchipatara kuEmergency Department (ETU) nekukasika. Izvi zvinogona kuva zviratidzo zvechirwere chinotyisidzira hupenyu senge sitiroko, chirwere chemwoyo, kana kuputika kweaortic aneurysm.
- Kurwadziwa kwechipfuva kwakakomba kamwe kamwe
- Kurwadziwa kwakanyanya kwemudumbu kamwe kamwe
- Kuoma kutaura, kusanzwisisa mazwi
- Kudonha kwerutivi rumwe rwechiso
- Kushaya simba kana kushaya simba kweruoko rumwe kana gumbo
- Kuvhiringidzika kwakanyanya kana dzungu kamwe kamwe
- Kurasikirwa kana kusviba kwekuona
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Chirwere chetsinga dzeropa chirwere chinowanzoitika chinokanganisa mashandiro eropa mumuviri wedu.
- Kukwira kweropa, chirwere cheshuga, cholesterol yakakwira, uye kusvuta fodya ndizvo zvinhu zvikuru zvinokonzera njodzi.
- Usaregeredza zviratidzo zvakaita sekurwadziwa kwegumbo, kurwadziwa kwegumbo, kana kuoma kufema. Enda kuna chiremba wako nekukasika.
- Zvizhinji zvezvirwere izvi zvinogona kudzivirirwa uye kudzorwa nemararamiro ane hutano (kudya zvakanaka, kurovedza muviri, uye kusasvuta).
- Zvakakosha kushandisa mushonga wakanyorerwa nachiremba nemazvo uye kwenguva yakatarwa.
- Kana ukaona zviratidzo zvekukurumidzira (kurwadziwa kwechipfuva zvakanyanya, kusviba kwechiso, kuoma kutaura), enda kuchipatara nekukasika.
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