Unoziva here nezvetsinga yeropa yakakura kwazvo mumuviri wedu? Ngatidzidzei nezvazvo zviri nyore (Vena Cava).

Muviri wedu wakaita semuchina unoshamisa, handiti? Kuti muchina uyu urambe uchishanda, chikamu chimwe nechimwe chinofanira kugamuchira okisijeni nezvinovaka muviri. Basa iri rinoitwa neropa. Mwoyo wakaita sepombi yemvura, inotumira ropa rakachena, rakazara neokisijeni mumuviri wese. Asi, mushure mekushandiswa pamabasa emuviri, ropa rakarasikirwa neokisijeni rinofanira kudzoserwa kumoyo, handiti? Ndosaka muviri wedu uine "migwagwa mikuru" miviri yakakosha. Nhasi tiri kutaura nezvetsinga mbiri huru dzeropa, 'Vena Cava'.

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, chii chinonzi Vena Cava?

Zviri nyore kwazvo. Vena Cava ndiyo tsinga mbiri huru mumuviri wedu. Tsinga idzi ndidzo dzinotakura ropa kuenda kumoyo. Idzi dzakaita semigwagwa miviri. Ropa rese rakabviswa mweya, "rakashandiswa" rinounganidzwa kubva mumuviri wese rinoendeswa kumoyo kuburikidza netsinga mbiri idzi huru.

Kune mitsipa miviri iyi:

1. Superior Vena Cava: Iyi ndiyo tsinga yechipiri pakukura mumuviri wedu. "Superior" zvinoreva "kumusoro." Zvakare, tsinga iyi inounganidza ropa risina oxygen kubva kuchikamu chepamusoro chemuviri wedu, kureva, mutsipa, musoro, maoko, nechipfuva chepamusoro, uye inoridzosera kumoyo.

2. Vena Cava isina kusimba: Iyi ndiyo tsinga huru mumuviri wedu. "Inferior" zvinoreva "pasi." Saka, tsinga iyi inounganidza uye inoendesa ropa risina oxygen kubva muzvikamu zvepasi zvemuviri wedu, zvakaita semakumbo, dumbu, itsvo, nechiropa, kumoyo.

Fungidzira izvi sekunge zvakaita senzira dzemabhazi muSri Lanka. Zvinoita sekunge mabhazi madiki (mitsipa midiki) anobva mumusha wega wega wenyika anouya kuguta guru uye kubva ipapo obatana nemugwagwa mukuru (vena cava) unoenda kuColombo. Mitsipa midiki yeropa inobva kumativi akasiyana emuviri inobatanidza mitsipa miviri mikuru iyi uye inounza ropa kuchiteshi chikuru chinonzi "Colombo", zvinoreva "moyo".

Chii chaizvo chinoshanda patsinga mbiri idzi?

Basa guru uye rega retsinga mbiri idzi nderekutakura ropa "rakasviba" rine oxygen necarbon dioxide kudzokera kumoyo mumuviri wese.

Ngationei kuti maitiro aya anoshanda sei:

• Ropa rinobva muvena cava yepamusoro nepasi rinoungana muatrium yekurudyi yemoyo.
• Ropa iroro rinoenda ku ventricle yekurudyi yemoyo.
• Ropa iri rinopombwa kubva ku right ventricle kuenda kumapapu kuburikidza ne pulmonary artery .
• Mashiripiti chaiwo anoitika mumapapu. Anobvisa kabhoni dhayokisaidhi muropa owedzera okisijeni mariri kuti tikwanise kufema. Zvakafanana "nekuchenesa" ropa.
• Ropa "rakachena" iro rava kuzara neokisijeni, rinodzokera kuruboshwe rwemoyo.
• Kubva ipapo inoenda kuruboshwe rwe ventricle , uye kubva ipapo inopombwa kuenda kumuviri wese kuburikidza ne aorta .

Kutenderera uku kunoenderera mberi. Saka unoona, kutenderera uku kwaisazokwana pasina mitsipa miviri iyi, handiti? Yakakosha zvikuru.

Vena Cava iri kupi? Inotaridzika sei?

Mitsipa iyi yese iri kurudyi rwemoyo. Superior Vena Cava iri kurudyi rwesternum, pfupa guru riri pakati pechipfuva chedu. Inobatanidza zvakananga neatrium yekurudyi yemoyo.

Vena cava iri pasi pedumbu inoreba zvishoma. Inotangira panosangana mitsipa miviri mikuru mudumbu medu. Kubva ipapo, inokwira kumusoro yobatana neatrium yekurudyi yemoyo.

Panyaya yehukuru:

• Superior vena cava (SVC): Hurefu hwemasendimita manomwe (anenge masendimita matatu) uye upamhi hwemasendimita maviri (pasi peinji imwe).
• Inferior vena cava (IVC): Hurefu hwemamirimita zana (anenge masendimita mana). Hurefu hwemamirimita makumi maviri nemaviri (anenge masendimita rimwe chete).

Madziro adzo akagadzirwa nemarudzi akasiyana emasero, nyama dzinobatanidza, tsinga, uye tsandanyama, izvo zvinodzipa simba radzinoda.

Ndezvipi zvirwere zvinogona kukanganisa Vena Cava?

Kufanana nedzimwe nhengo dzese dzemuviri, idzi tsinga mbiri huru dzinogonawo kuva nematambudziko. Dambudziko guru nderekuti pane kuvharika kweropa mukati metsinga idzi. Kuvharika uku kunodzivirira ropa kuti risafambe zvakanaka kuenda kumoyo. Isu tinodana chirwere ichi kuti 'Vena Cava Syndrome'. Zvichienderana netsinga yakavharika, iyi inogona kunge iri 'Superior Vena Cava Syndrome' kana kuti 'Inferior Vena Cava Syndrome'.

Panogona kunge paine zvikonzero zvikuru zvakati wandei zveizvi:

• Bundu: Bundu, rakadai sekenza yemapapu, rinogona kukura roisa simba patsinga iyi.
• Magumbeze eropa: Magumbeze eropa anogona kuumbwa mukati metsinga yovhara. Dzimwe nguva, macatheter kana pacemaker anoiswa mushure mekuvhiyiwa anogona kuwedzera njodzi yekugwamba kweropa.
• Kukanganisika kwemuviri: Vamwe vanhu vanogona kuzvarwa vaine chikanganiso mutsinga idzi.

Zviratidzo zvinomuka mumamiriro ezvinhu aya zvinosiyana zvichienderana nekuti dambudziko nderei.

Unotarisa sei hutano hwetsinga idzi?

Kana uine zviratidzo izvi, chiremba wako achatanga akuongorora uye anogona kuzokuitira bvunzo dzakawanda kuti aone chikonzero chaicho chedambudziko racho.

• X-ray yechipfuva: Kuongorora chipfuva neX-ray.
• Ultrasound scan: Kutora mifananidzo yemukati memuviri uchishandisa mafungu eruzha.
• Kuongororwa kweCT (Computed Tomography): Kuongororwa kunoshandisa mifananidzo yekombuta chaiyo kugadzira mufananidzo wemuviri wakapatsanurwa.
• Kuskena kweMRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging):Kuwana mifananidzo yakajeka yemuviri uchishandisa simba remagineti.
• Coronary Angiography: Kuongororwa kunoshandisa X-rays kutarisa kuyerera kweropa nekuisa dhayi chaiyo mutsinga.

Ndeipi mishonga yekurapa matambudziko akadaro?

Nzira yekurapa inoenderana nechikonzero chedambudziko. Chiremba wako ndiye achasarudza nzira yekurapa yakakunakira.

• Mishonga: Mishonga inobvisa ropa kubva muropa (diuretics) kana kuti steroid inogona kupihwa kuderedza kuzvimba. Kana ropa rikagwamba, mishonga inogona kupihwa kuti inyungudike (thrombolytics) kana kuti kudzivirira kuti ropa risagwamba (anticoagulants).
• Kubviswa kweropa rakagwamba: Dzimwe nguva chubhu diki (catheter) inogona kupfuudzwa nemutsinga kuti ibvise ropa rakagwamba.
• Angioplasty neStent: Kufuridza nzvimbo yakavharika nechinhu chakaita sebharumu uye kuisa chubhu diki yakaita semesh (stent) kudzivirira kuti isatsvedze zvakare.
• Kuvhiyiwa: Kana bundu riri kukonzera kuvharika, kuvhiyiwa kunogona kuitwa kubvisa bundu. Dzimwe nguva, kuvhiyiwa kwe bypass kunogona kuitwa kugadzira nzira itsva yekuti ropa rifambe.
• Kurapwa kwegomarara: Kana gomarara riri iro rinokonzeresa, chemotherapy kana radiation zvinogona kudiwa.
• Vena Cava Filter: Kana uine ropa rakagwamba mutsinga dzakadzika dzemakumbo ako (Deep Vein Thrombosis - DVT) uye uri panjodzi ye pulmonary embolism, chiremba wako anogona kuisa firita diki mu inferior vena cava. Izvi zvinodzivirira jira racho kuti risafambe richikwira negumbo.

Chii chatingaita kuti tsinga idzi dzinokosha dzirambe dzakagwinya?

Zvakakosha kuchengetedza tsinga dzese dzeropa mumuviri wedu dzakagwinya, kwete chete tsinga mbiri dzevena cava. Pane zvinhu zvishoma zviri nyore zvatingaita kuti tibatsire.

• Kudya kwakanaka: Zvakakosha kudya chikafu chine mafuta mashoma akawandisa uye chine michero nemiriwo yakawanda.
• Kurovedza muviri: Ramba uchiita maekisesaizi zuva nezuva. Kunyangwe chimwe chinhu chiri nyore sekufamba kana kumhanya chinogona kuita mutsauko mukuru.
• Deredza kushushikana: Kushushikana hakuna kunaka patsinga dzeropa rako. Edza kuzorodza pfungwa dzako kuburikidza nezvinhu zvakaita seyoga nekufungisisa.
• Dzora zvimwe zvirwere: Kana uine zvirwere zvakaita seBP, cholesterol, kana chirwere cheshuga, zvidzore zvakanaka zvichienderana nemirairo yachiremba wako. Zvirwere izvi zvinogona kukanganisa mitsipa yeropa.

Kana uine chimwe chezviratidzo zvataurwa munyaya ino, ndapota usazviregeredza. Enda kuna chiremba wako nekukasika kuti akupe mazano. Kutevera kurapwa kwaanokupa kwakakosha zvikuru kuti upore nekukurumidza.