Kolesteroli chii?

Pamwe wakambonzwa nezve cholesterol pane imwe nzvimbo, handiti? Pamwe chiremba wako akakuudza nezvazvo , kana kuti wakambozviona mupepanhau kana paTV. Vanhu vazhinji vanofunga kuti cholesterol chinhu chakaipa kumuviri wedu. Asi izvozvo ndezvechokwadi here?

Chii chinoitika kune cholesterol mumuviri wedu?

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, cholesterol rudzi rwemafuta ari mumiviri yedu. Mukutaura kwesainzi, i "lipid". Sezvo mafuta aya asinganyungudike mumvura, haanyungudike muropa redu, asi anofamba nemuropa kuenda kuchikamu chimwe nechimwe chemuviri. Ingofunga, cholesterol inokosha kuti muviri wedu ushande zvakanaka. Ine mabasa akati wandei emuviri wedu:

• Cholesterol inobatsira kuvaka rusvingo runodzivirira masero madiki mumuviri wedu, anonzi ma cell membranes . Ma cell membranes aya anodzora zvinopinda musero nezvinobva musero. Segedhi.
• Cholesterol inobatsira chiropa chedu kugadzira bile . Sezvamunoziva, bile iri rinokosha pakugaya chikafu chatinodya zvakanaka.
• Uyewo, cholesterol inodiwa kuti pave nemamwe mahormone anogadzirwa nemiviri yedu, kunyanya mahormone epabonde , uye vhitamini D.

Maona here? Cholesterol haisi chinhu chakaipa chete. Inobatsira miviri yedu kuita zvinhu zvakawanda zvinokosha.

Saka kana cholesterol ichidikanwa, nei tichizvidya mwoyo kudaro?

Ehe, miviri yedu inoda huwandu hwakati hwecholesterol kuti ishande. Zvisinei, dambudziko nderekuti kana tiine cholesterol yakawandisa mumiviri yedu. Kungofanana nekudya chikafu, kana tikadya zvinopfuura zvatinoda, tinorwara. Saizvozvowo, kana cholesterol yakakwira, kureva kuti, kana huwandu hwecholesterol muropa hwakakwira kupfuura huwandu hunokurudzirwa (hyperlipidemia) kana kana mhando dzemafuta mumuviri dzisina kuenzana (dyslipidemia), tinogona kuva nematambudziko makuru ehutano. Kunyanya, njodzi yekurwara nechirwere chemwoyo , kureva chirwere chemwoyo, yakanyanya.

Kutaura zvazviri, inenge 80% yecholesterol inodiwa nemuviri wedu inogadzirwa nechiropa chedu. Zvimwe zvinobva muzvikafu zvatinodya. Kazhinji, miviri yedu inogona kubvisa cholesterol yakawandisa kubva muzvikafu izvi. Asi dzimwe nguva, maitiro aya haashande nemazvo, kana huwandu hwecholesterol yatinodya kubva muzvikafu zvatinodya hunova hwakawandisa zvekuti hatigone kubata.

Saka cholesterol iyi yakawandisa inopinda sei mumuviri?

Panogona kunge paine zvikonzero zvakati wandei zveizvi.

• Zvikonzero zvemajini:Vamwe vanhu vane chirwere chemajini chinonzi " Familial Hypercholesterolemia ". Munhu ane chirwere ichi anonetseka kubvisa cholesterol isingadiwe kubva muropa nemazvo. Nekufamba kwenguva, cholesterol inoungana muropa uye huwandu hwayo hunokwira.
• Kudya kwedu: Chimwe chinhu chakakosha chikafu chatinodya . Zvimwe zvekudya zvatinodya zvinogona kukwidza huwandu hwe cholesterol yedu. Dambudziko iri rinogona kuitika kana tikadya mafuta akawandisa anobva muzvigadzirwa zvemhuka (semuenzaniso, nyama, mukaka, chizi, bota) uye mafuta e trans (anowanzo kuwanikwa muzvikafu zvakagadzirwa, zvekudya zvakarongedzwa, uye zvekudya zvinokurumidza). Saka, zvakakosha kungwarira zvatinodya.

Ko cholesterol inofamba sei muropa redu?

Cholesterol inowanikwa munenge musero rega rega mumuviri wedu. Asi tinonyanya kutaura uye kunzwa nezve cholesterol iri muropa. Nekuda kwehunhu hwayo hwemakemikari, cholesterol haigone kufamba nemuropa yoga. Nokudaro, inofanira kusanganiswa nezvimwe zvidimbu. Saka, cholesterol inosanganiswa nemapuroteni nerumwe rudzi rwemafuta runonzi triglycerides . Tinodana chidimbu ichi chakakosha chinoumbwa nekusanganiswa kwecholesterol, mapuroteni, uye triglycerides kuti lipoprotein .

Chii chinonzi lipoproteins idzi?

Funga nezve lipoproteins sezvifambiso zvidiki zvakagadzirwa nemafuta nemapuroteni. Zvifambiso izvi zvinogona kufamba mumuviri wese kuburikidza neropa. Nemamwe mashoko, zvakafanana nezvikepe zvinotakura zvinhu kubva kune rimwe guta kuenda kune rimwe. Mamwe zvikepe zvinotakura chikafu nezvimwe zvinodiwa kuguta. Kune rumwe rudzi rwechikepe chinotakura marara kubva muguta.

Ndizvo zviri mukati memiviri yedu. Kune mamwe ma lipoprotein anotakura cholesterol kuenda kumatishu akasiyana-siyana mumuviri. Cholesterol iyi inokosha mumuviri. Asi kana ikawedzera zvakanyanya, inova yakaipa. Ndosaka tichida mamwe marudzi ema lipoprotein anotora cholesterol yakawandisa oibvisa.

Pamwe wakambonzwa nezvema lipoprotein aya nemazita awo emazita. Anowanzonzi LDL cholesterol neHDL cholesterol. Aya ndiwo marudzi maviri makuru echolesterol. Asi kune mamwe marudzi. Saka ngatinyatsoongororai kuti marudzi aya echolesterol chii uye kuti anoita sei mumuviri.

Ndezvipi zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvecholesterol zvatinobvunza nezvazvo?

Kune mhando dzakasiyana dzecholesterol mumiviri yedu. Kuongororwa kunoongorora cholesterol muropa rako kunonzi lipid profile.Kana ukaita chimwe chete, uchaona kuti mhando dzakasiyana dzecholesterol dzakanyorwa mumushumo iwoyo. Kana wangoziva zvinorehwa nerudzi rumwe nerumwe, zvichava nyore kwauri kutaura nachiremba wako nezve cholesterol.

Kolesteroli yeLDL - iyi ndiyo inonzi "yakaipa" here?

Cholesterol yeLDL inomiririra Low-Density Lipoproteins . Zvidimbu izvi zvinonyanya kuumbwa necholesterol. Basa reLDL idzi nderekutakura cholesterol kuenda kumasero emuviri. LDL dzave zita remadunhurirwa rekuti "cholesterol yakaipa" . Sei zvakadaro?

LDL inokosha zvikuru mumuviri wedu. Asi dambudziko nderekuti kana yakawandisa ichitenderera muropa. Ipapo iyi cholesterol yeLDL, pamwe chete nezvimwe zvinhu, inotanga kuungana mutsinga dzedu dzeropa, ndiko kuti, mumadziro etsinga dzedu. Tinodaidza mafuta akakora anoumbwa nenzira iyi kuti 'plaque' . Nekufamba kwenguva, iyi plaque inokura zvishoma nezvishoma, ichideredza nzvimbo iri mukati metsinga. Kuunganidzwa kweplaque mumadziro etsinga nenzira iyi kunonzi atherosclerosis . Dambudziko iri rinowedzera zvikuru njodzi yekurwara nezvirwere zvine njodzi zvakaita sechirwere chemwoyo uye sitiroko.

Saka zvakakosha kuti cholesterol yako yeLDL irambe yakaderera . Kune munhu mukuru, zvakanaka kuti irambe iri pasi pe100 mg/dL (milligrams pa deciliter). Kana uine chirwere chakadai se atherosclerosis, iyo iri kuunganidzwa kwemafuta mutsinga dzako, vanachiremba vanokurudzira kuti cholesterol yako yeLDL irambe iri pasi pe70 mg/dL.

Cholesterol yeHDL - saka iyi ndiyo "cholesterol" yakanaka here?

Cholesterol yeHDL inomiririra High-Density Lipoproteins . Mapuroteni aya anonyanya kugadzirwa nemapuroteni. HDL inozivikanwa se "cholesterol" yakanaka . Izvi zvinodaro nekuti HDL inotora cholesterol yakawandisa muropa yoidzosera kuchiropa. Chiropa chinozopwanya cholesterol yacho yoibvisa mumuviri. Maitiro aya akakosha anonziwo reverse cholesterol transport.

Huwandu hweHDL cholesterol yako chinhu chaunoda kuramba wakakwira . Kana uri murume, unofanira kuvavarira kuchengetedza huwandu hweHDL yako hunosvika 40 mg/dL. Kana uri mukadzi, unofanira kuvavarira kuchengetedza hunosvika 50 mg/dL.

Kune vanhu vakuru vese, huwandu hweHDL hunopfuura 60 mg/dL hunoonekwa sehwakanaka zvikuru. Hunobatsirawo kuderedza njodzi yezvirwere zvemwoyo.

Pane chinhu chakadai seVLDL cholesterol here?

Ehe, VLDL cholesterol inomiririra Very Low-Density Lipoproteins.VLDL inonyanya kutakura triglycerides (rumwe rudzi rwemafuta) necholesterol. Ine mapuroteni mashoma pane mamwe marudzi. Kufanana neLDL, VLDL inoonekwa se "yakaipa" nekuti inogona kukonzera kuunganidzwa kweplaque mutsinga dzedu.

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, cholesterol yakanaka (HDL) inobatsira kubvisa cholesterol yakaipa (zvinhu zvinokuvadza kubva kuLDL neVLDL) muropa. LDL cholesterol ndiyo inonyanya kukonzera kuunganidzwa kweplaque mutsinga.

Ndezvipi zvinhu zvinogona kukanganisa huwandu hwecholesterol mumuviri wangu?

Pane zvinhu zvakati wandei zvinokanganisa huwandu hwemafuta muropa redu. Ngatitarisei kuti ndezvipi:

• Zera: Sezvatinokura, huwandu hwecholesterol mumuviri wedu hunowanzo kuwedzera zvishoma nezvishoma.
• Kudya: Sezvatakambokurukura, mafuta akazara uye mafuta etrans muzvikafu zvatinodya zvinogona kuwedzera mazinga eLDL ("akaipa") cholesterol. Kudya mafuta mashoma emhando idzi kunogona kubatsira zvikuru mukuderedza cholesterol.
• Kurovedza muviri: Kurovedza muviri nguva dzose uye zvine mwero kunogona kubatsira kuwedzera huwandu hweHDL (“yakanaka”) hwecholesterol. Edza kuita kurovedza muviri kwakasimba kwemaminitsi makumi matatu mazuva mazhinji evhiki.
• Kuberekwa: Majini ako ane basawo muhuwandu hwecholesterol inogadzirwa nemuviri wako. Mune dzimwe mhuri, cholesterol yakakwira inogona kuitika mumhuri.
• Murume kana mukadzi nemahormone: Vakadzi vasati vasvika pakuguma kuenda kumwedzi, vanowanzova nemazinga echolesterol ese akaderera pane varume. Zvisinei, mushure mekuguma kuenda kumwedzi, vakadzi vanogona kuva nemazinga eLDL ("akaipa") cholesterol akakwira uye mazinga eHDL ("akanaka") cholesterol akaderera.

Ndinofanira kuongororwa cholesterol yangu here? Ndingaitei kana yakakwira?

Ehe, hongu! Zvakakosha kuti munhu wese azive nezvehuwandu hwecholesterol yake. Kuti unofanira kuongororwa cholesterol kangani, kana kuti lipid panel yataurwa pamusoro apa, zvinoenderana nezera rako nezvimwe zvinhu zvinokonzera chirwere chemwoyo (semuenzaniso, chirwere cheshuga, BP, kusvuta). Saka, zvakanaka kutaura nachiremba wemhuri yako wobvunza kuti unofanira kuongororwa izvi kangani. Kuziva huwandu hwecholesterol yako ndeimwe yematanho akakosha aunogona kutora kuti uzvidzivirire kubva kuchirwere chemwoyo mune ramangwana.

Fungidzira, kana mushumo wacho ukati huwandu hwecholesterol yako hwakakwira, usavhunduke. Chiremba achakunyorera mushonga unodiwa. Sarudzo huru dzekurapa idzi ndeidzi:

• Kuchinja kwekudya: Izvi zvinoreva kudya zvine hutano zvine cholesterol shoma, mafuta mashoma, fiber yakawanda, uye michero nemiriwo yakawanda.
• Kuchinja kwemararamiro:Zvinhu zvakaita sekurovedza muviri nguva dzose, kudzora huremu hwako, uye kurega kusvuta zvachose.
• Mishonga: Vamwe vanhu vanogona kunetseka kudzora cholesterol yavo nekudya uye kurovedza muviri chete. Muzviitiko zvakadaro, chiremba wako anogona kukupa mishonga inoderedza cholesterol, yakaita se statins.

Kune vanhu vazhinji, musanganiswa wenzira idzi ndiyo nzira inonyanya kushanda yekudzora cholesterol. Asi kuti uwane nzira yakakunakira, unofanira kutarisa huwandu hwecholesterol yako wotaura nachiremba.

Saka, kana usati wamboona chiremba kwenguva yakareba, edza kuongorora hutano hwako. Enda kunoongororwa zvinoenderana nehurongwa hwachiremba wako. Gara uchiziva nezve cholesterol yako, BP, uye huwandu hweshuga muropa, izvo zvinoratidza hutano hwemwoyo wako netsinga dzeropa. Yeuka, hazvina kumbonyanya kunonoka kufunga nezvehutano hwemwoyo wako. Zvakakosha kutanga kufunga nezvezvaungaita kuti urambe uine hutano nhasi.

Saka, chii chatinofanira kurangarira kubva mune izvi zvose?

Cholesterol rudzi rwemafuta rune basa rakakosha mumiviri yedu uye rinokosha kwatiri. Kuti tirarame zvakanaka, tinofanira kuva nehuwandu hwakakodzera hwecholesterol mumiviri yedu. Zvisinei, kuva necholesterol yakawandisa muropa kunogona kuva nengozi kuhutano hwako. Ndosaka zvichikosha kutarisa huwandu hwecholesterol yako nguva nenguva uye kutaura nachiremba wako nezvezvinorehwa nepfungwa idzodzo.

Yeuka, nekugara uchidya zvine hutano, kurovedza muviri nguva dzose, uye kutevedzera zano rachiremba wako, unogona kudzora huwandu hwecholesterol yako uye kurarama hupenyu hune hutano uye hunogutsa. Wanzwisisa here? Saka, ngatitangei neizvi nhasi!