Patinonzwa nezvehondo dzakasiyana-siyana nemakakatanwa munhau, tinonzwawo nezvemhando dzakasiyana dzemabhomba nezvombo. Asi waizviziva here kuti zvimwe zvombo zvine migumisiro yakaipa zvikuru nekuda kwemakemikari ane njodzi ari mazviri? Chimwe chezvombo zvine njodzi zvakadaro i "white phosphorus bomb". Muchinyorwa chino, tichataura nezvazvo zviri nyore.
Chii chinonzi phosphorus chena iyi?
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, phosphorus chena chinhu chinogadzirwa nematombo ephosphate. Kana chakasimba, chine hunyoro hwakaita sewakisi uye hwema hunonhuhwirira hwakafanana negariki. Chinogona kuva chena kana yero, uye dzimwe nguva chinogona kusava neruvara.
Iyi phosphorus chena ine chepfu yakanyanya kuvanhu. Haina kugadzikana zvakare. Kureva kuti, patembiricha iri pamusoro pe10-15 degrees pamusoro petembiricha yemumba, inosangana neoxygen iri mumhepo yobva yatanga kutsva yoga .
Chimbofunga nezvekushandiswa kwese kwezvinhu izvi. Phosphorus chena inoshandiswa kugadzira zvinhu zvakaita semacomputer chips, simbi alloys, mafetiraiza ekurima, pendi inopenya murima, chepfu yemakonzo, uye mafirecracker. Asi, pamusoro pekushandiswa uku kwakajairika, dzimwe nyika nemapoka dzinoshandisawo kugadzira mabhomba nezvimwe zvombo zvehondo.
Mabhomba machena aya ephosphorus anoshanda sei?
Mabhomba machena ephosphorus rudzi rwe "chombo chinopisa." Izvi zvinoreva kuti pamusoro pekukonzera kukuvara nekuputika, anogonawo kuparadzira moto.
Uyu hausi moto wakajairika. Uyu moto unokonzerwa nekupiswa kwephosphorus. Moto uyu unopisa patembiricha inopfuura 800 degrees Celsius. Bhomba jena rephosphorus rinogona kuparadzira moto uyu unotyisa munzvimbo ine mazana emamita masikweya. Chinhu chine njodzi zvikuru ndechekuti moto hauzodzimi kusvika phosphorus yatsva zvachose . Chinongodiwa chete oxygen iri mumhepo.
Nekuda kweizvi, kukuvara kunokonzerwa nemabhomba machena ephosphorus kwakanyanya kupfuura kukuvara kunokonzerwa nemabhomba akajairwa. Kunonetsawo kurapa. Vanachiremba nevashandi vanoda kudzidziswa kwakakosha kurapa mhando idzi dzekukuvara.
Izvi zvinokanganisa sei muviri wemunhu?
Bhomba jena rephosphorus rine simba guru pahutano hwevanhu kupfuura chero chimwe chombo chine simba rakafanana nerake.
Mhedzisiro paganda
Kana phosphorus chena ikapinda paganda, inogona kukonzera kutsva kunorwadza zvikuru, kwakadzama . Izvi zvinogona kuva kutsva kwe "degree rechipiri" kana "degree rechitatu". Izvi zvinoreva kuti kwete chete pamusoro peganda panokuvadzwa, asiwo nyama dziri pasi paro.
Kutsva kunowanzoita yero uye kune hwema hwegariki. Sezvo phosphorus chena ichiramba ichitsva paganda, unogona kuona utsi huchibuda muronda.
Ngozi huru pano ndeyekuti phosphorus chena chinhu chinonyungudika mumafuta . Nokudaro, inonyungudika nyore nyore kuburikidza neganda ichipinda mumuviri, kureva, muropa. Kana yanyungudika, inotanga kukonzera zvimwe zviratidzo zvakakomba mumuviri.
Fungidzira, kunyangwe ukatsva nephosphorus chena paisingasviki 10% yemuviri wako, chepfu inotorwa nemuviri wako inogona kukuvadza itsvo dzako, chiropa, nemoyo, uye kutokonzera rufu.
Kumedza kana kufema
Kumedza kana kufema phosphorus chena kune njodzi huru. Kana munhu akamedza phosphorus chena, zviratidzo zvinogona kuitika muzvikamu zvitatu zvikuru.
| Danho | Zvinhu zvikuru |
|---|---|
| Danho rekutanga | Matambudziko ekugaya chikafu. Zvinhu zvakaita sekurwadziwa mudumbu nekurutsa zvinogona kuitika. |
| Danho rechipiri | "Nguva yekunyarara". Munguva iyi yemaawa makumi mana nemasere, hapana zviratidzo zvakakosha. Asi kukuvara kuri kuitika mumuviri kuchiri kuitika. |
| Danho rechitatu | Dambudziko iri rinokurumidza kuipa. Kurutsa kwakanyanya, kurwadziwa mudumbu, uye kurwadziwa kwakanyanya kunoitika. Chiropa, itsvo, moyo, mitsipa yeropa, uye tsinga huru dzinotanga kuratidza zviratidzo zvekukuvadzwa. |
Pamusoro pezvo, kufema utsi hwe phosphorus chena kunogona kukonzera kutsamwa kwekufema uye kukosora.
Mhedzisiro yenguva refu
Kugara kwenguva refu uchishandisa phosphorus chena (semuenzaniso, kushanda mufekitori inoigadzira) kunogona kukonzera chirwere chine njodzi chinonzi "fossy jaw." Apa ndipo apo pfupa reshaya rinonyunguduka roparadzwa. Mukurapa, izvi zvinonzi necrosis.Zvinotanga nekuzvimba kudiki uye kurwadziwa mushaya, uye nekufamba kwenguva, maronda anokura mushaya, uye pakupedzisira pfupa reshaya pacharo rinogona kuparadzwa.
Mutemo unoti chii nezveizvi?
Nyanzvi dzakawanda dzemutemo dzepasi rose dzinoti kushandiswa kwemabhomba machena ephosphorus hakubvumirwi nemutemo wepasi rose wehunhu hwevanhu. Kune zvibvumirano zvakasiyana-siyana zveizvi. Asi kune kusawirirana nenzvimbo dzine matambudziko maererano nenyaya idzi dzemutemo. Mimwe mitemo inopesana, uye pane dzimwe nguva apo mitemo inochinja zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu. Zvisinei, inoonekwa sechombo chisina hunhu uye chine njodzi pasi rose.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Phosphorus chena ikemikari inobvira moto zvakanyanya, ine chepfu yakawanda, uye ine njodzi.
- Kutsva kwacho kwakadzika uye kunorwadza. Phosphorus inogonawo kunyudzwa neganda ichipinda mumuviri, ichikuvadza nhengo dzemukati dzakadai sechiropa, itsvo, nemoyo, uye ichitokonzera rufu.
- Kune munhu akasangana nechinhu chakadai, kurapwa kwekutsva kwakajairika hakuzokwani. Vanoda rubatsiro rwechiremba nekukasika.
- Kana paine munhu akasangana netsaona yakadaro, kurumidza kumuendesa kuchipatara Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) . Kana zvichidikanwa, unogona zvakare kufonera National Poisons Information Centre kuColombo National Hospital kuti uwane mazano.
- Kuziva njodzi dzezvombo zvakadaro kwakakosha pakuchengetedzwa kwedu pamwe nekubatsira vanhu.
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