Ingaba imiphunga yakho iya iqina kwaye kunzima ukuphefumla? (I-Pulmonary Fibrosis) Makhe sithethe ngayo!

Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uziva ngathi uyaphefumla xa unyuka izinyuko okanye uhamba umgama omfutshane? Okanye uziva ngathi awukadinwa njengangaphambili, kwaye ngoku uziva udinwe kakhulu nangona usenza imisebenzi emincinci? Esinye sezizathu zezi zinto sinokuba lutshintsho kwimiphunga yakho. Kunjalo, i-Pulmonary Fibrosis, imeko eyenza imiphunga iqine kancinci kancinci kwaye yenze kube nzima ukuphefumla, yinto esiza kuthetha ngayo namhlanje.

Yintoni kanye kanye i-Pulmonary Fibrosis?

Ngamafutshane, i-Pulmonary Fibrosis kukukrweleka nokuqina kwezicubu ezingaphakathi kwemiphunga yakho. Cinga ngayo njengesilonda eluswini xa ufumana ukwenzakala, into efanayo iyenzeka ngaphakathi kwemiphunga. Oku kukwiqela lezifo zemiphunga ezibizwa ngokuba yi-interstitial lung disease. Okwenzekayo apha kukuba iingxowa zomoya ezincinci emiphungeni yethu, iindawo apho ioksijini ingena khona xa siphefumla, sizibiza ngokuba yi-'(alveoli)', kwaye izicubu ezijikeleze ezo '(alveoli)' zonakele. Ngoku khangela, imiphunga ifana nesiponji. Ziyavuthela xa siphefumla, kwaye ziyavuthela xa siphefumla. Kodwa xa le meko (i-Pulmonary Fibrosis) isenzeka, izicubu ezikwimiphunga ziyaqina kwaye ziqine, ngoko azikwazi ukuvuthela okanye ukuvuthela kakuhle njengoko zaziqhele ukwenza. Kulapho kuba nzima ukuphefumla, kwaye uphefumla . Nemisebenzi yemihla ngemihla eyayilula ngoku inokudinwa kakhulu.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-(Pulmonary Fibrosis) isisigxina , nto leyo ethetha ukuba kunzima ukuyinyanga ngokupheleleyo. Kwakhona, inokuba mandundu kancinci kancinci ngokuhamba kwexesha (iba mandundu kancinci kancinci) . Siyibiza ngokuba yi-'(progressive pulmonary fibrosis)'.

Ngaba imiphunga ingaba lukhuni ngaphandle kwesizathu? Yintoni i-Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis?

Ewe, ngamanye amaxesha unobangela wesi sifo semiphunga awufumaneki . Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yi-`(Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis)` kwiimeko ezinjalo. Igama elithi "idiopathic" lithetha "isizathu esingaziwayo." Uninzi lwexesha, uninzi lwezigulane ezine-(Pulmonary Fibrosis) zine-`(Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis)`.

Uyazi njani ukuba une-Pulmonary Fibrosis? Zithini iimpawu zayo?

Iimpawu zesi sifo zingahluka kancinci kumntu nomntu, kodwa kukho ezinye iimpawu eziqhelekileyo:

• Ukuphefumla nzima : Ubunzima bokuphefumla, ingakumbi ngexesha okanye emva kokuzilolonga kancinci, ukwenza umsebenzi, okanye emva kokugqiba.
• Ukuphefumla okufutshane nokunganzulu: Ukuphefumla okukhawulezileyo nokuncinci, ngokungathi awukwazi ukuzalisa isifuba sakho.
• Ukukhohlela okomileyo okungapheliyo: Ukukhohlela okungavelisi impumlo kwaye okungapheliyo ngokuhamba kwexesha.
• Ndidiniwe ngaphandle kwesizathu (Ukudinwa): Ukuziva udiniwe ngalo lonke ixesha, nokuba ulele kakuhle okanye awusebenzi kakhulu.
• Ukunciphisa umzimba ngendlela engachazekiyo: Ukunciphisa umzimba nje ngaphandle kokunciphisa umzimba.
• Iminwe eneengalo eziqinileyo : Iminwe neenzwane zabanye abantu zinokudumba kwaye zikhule, zifane nedrumstick.
• Ukutshintsha kombala wolusu (iCyanosis): Xa kungekho oxygen yaneleyo egazini, imilebe, amehlo, kunye neenzipho zinokujika zibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ngwevu, okanye zibe mhlophe.

Ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, kungcono ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha.

Kutheni le nto (i-Pulmonary Fibrosis) isenzeka? Zithini izizathu?

Iingcali zikholelwa ukuba i-pulmonary fibrosis yenzeka xa imiphunga yonakele okanye ivuvukile, kwaye le nkqubo ayiphili kakuhle. Oku kuthetha ukuba xa imiphunga izama ukuzinyanga, kukho into ehamba gwenxa kwaye kuvela izicubu zesilonda. Kukho izizathu ezininzi ezinokubangela oku:

• Izifo zezicubu ezidityanisiweyo : Ukuba unezifo ezifana neRheumatoid Arthritis (RA), iLupus, okanye iScleroderma, ezi zinokuchaphazela nemiphunga yakho .
• Ukuvezwa kwendalo: Ukuvezwa ixesha elide kuthuli oluthile kunye neekhemikhali kunokonakalisa imiphunga. Imizekelo ibandakanya i-asbestos, i-silica, kunye ne-beryllium. I-hypersensitivity pneumonitis, i-allergy kwi-molds ethile, iibhaktheriya, iintsiba zeentaka, okanye i-dander, nayo inokubangela le meko.
• Izifo ze-granulomatous: Iimeko ezifana ne-sarcoidosis okanye i-Langerhans cell histiocytosis.
• Amayeza athile okanye unyango: Amanye amayeza afana ne-amiodarone yesifo sentliziyo, i-nitrofurantoin yosulelo lomchamo, i-methotrexate yomhlaza kunye nesifo samathambo, kunye nonyango lwemitha yomhlaza nazo zingonakalisa imiphunga.
• Ukutshaya: Ukutshaya kuyingozi kakhulu emiphungeni. Kwakhona yimbangela enkulu ye-Pulmonary Fibrosis.

Nangona kunjalo, njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, kwiimeko ezininzi, unobangela othile awufumaneki.

Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokufumana i-Pulmonary Fibrosis?

Ukongeza kwizizathu ezikhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla, abanye abantu basengozini enkulu yokuhlaselwa sesi sifo:

• Kwabo baneminyaka engaphezu kwama-65 ubudala.
• Kumadoda, ngaphezu kwabasetyhini.
• Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho one-Pulmonary Fibrosis, kunokubakho impembelelo yemfuza.
• Kubantu abaneemeko ezithile zemfuza (utshintsho lwe-DNA) ezibangela izifo. Umzekelo, isifo esingaqhelekanga kakhulu somongo wethambo esibizwa ngokuba yi-dyskeratosis congenita.

Ziziphi ezinye iingxaki ezinokwenzeka ngenxa ye-Pulmonary Fibrosis?

Xa izicubu zemiphunga zonakele, azikwazi ukuhambisa ioksijini ngokufanelekileyo emzimbeni wonke. Oku kubangela ukuba intliziyo yethu isebenze nzima. Oku kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezahlukeneyo:

• Ukwehla kwamanqanaba eoksijini egazini (hypoxemia) kunye nokunqongophala kooksijini kwizicubu (hypoxia).
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu lwemiphunga.
• Umphunga owileyo.
• Usulelo oluqhelekileyo lwemiphunga.
• Ukungaphumeleli ngokupheleleyo kokuphefumla.
• Ukumelwa yintliziyo.

Yingakho kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza kwaye ufumane unyango ukuba uneempawu.

Uyixilonga njani i-pulmonary fibrosis? Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezenziwayo?

Kufuneka uvavanyo oluninzi ukuqinisekisa ukufunyaniswa kwe-pulmonary fibrosis. Ugqirha wakho uza kuqala amamele imiphunga yakho aze akubuze ngeempawu zakho. Emva koko uza kwenza uvavanyo ukuze abone ukuba imiphunga yakho isebenza kakuhle kangakanani na. Baza kujonga nezinye iimeko zentliziyo okanye zemiphunga ezinokubangela iimpawu zakho. Ezona vavanyo ziqhelekileyo zezi:

• I-X-ray yesifuba: Jonga imeko ngokubanzi yemiphunga.
• Iskeni ye-CT (HRCT) enesisombululo esiphezulu: Oku kungabonisa ngokucacileyo amanxeba emiphungeni.
• Uvavanyo lomsebenzi wemiphunga (ii-PFT): Olu vavanyo lulinganisa ukuba ungaphefumla kakuhle kangakanani na, kwaye ungakanani umoya onokuwubamba emiphungeni yakho.
• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Uvavanyo olufana negesi yegazi emithanjeni ukujonga inqanaba leoksijini egazini, kunye nokujonga ezinye izifo.
• I-Bronchoscopy: Uvavanyo apho ikhamera encinci enetyhubhu enamathele kuyo ifakwa ngempumlo okanye ngomlomo ukuze ijonge ngaphakathi kwemiphunga. Isampuli yethishu (i-biopsy) nayo ingathathwa ngeli xesha.
• I-Biopsy: Iqhekeza elincinci lesicubu lithathwa emiphungeni lize lihlolwe phantsi kwe-microscope.

Ngamanye amaxesha, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba uhlolwe i-echocardiogram ukujonga iingxaki zentliziyo.

Ngaba i-Pulmonary Fibrosis inganyangeka ngokupheleleyo? Ziziphi iindlela zonyango ezikhoyo?

Ngelishwa, okwangoku akukho nyango lwe-pulmonary fibrosis. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Unyango lwangoku lunokunceda ukulawula iimpawu, lucothise ukuqhubela phambili kwesi sifo, kwaye luphucule umgangatho wobomi bakho . Unyango oluphambili olusetyenziswayo zezi:

• Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane: Amayeza anjengeNintedanib (OFEV®) okanye iPirfenidone (Esbriet®) anceda ekunciphiseni izinga lokuqhekeka kwemiphunga nokugcina ukusebenza kwemiphunga.
• IiCorticosteroids: Ezi ngamanye amaxesha zisetyenziselwa ukunciphisa ukudumba emiphungeni.
• Unyango lweoksijini: Ukuba igazi okanye izicubu zakho azifumani oksijini eyaneleyo, ugqirha wakho angakuxelela ukuba uthathe oksijini eyongezelelweyo. Oku kunikwa nge-cannula yempumlo okanye imaski yobuso.
• Ukuvuselelwa kweMiphunga: Oku kubandakanya umthambo wokuphefumla okhethekileyo kunye nomthambo womzimba onceda ukuqinisa imiphunga yakho nokwenza ukuphefumla kube lula.
• Ukufakelwa imiphunga: Ezinye izigulane ezine-Pulmonary Fibrosis zinokuqwalaselwa ukufakelwa imiphunga ukuba isifo sibi kakhulu.
• Uvavanyo lwezonyango: Ukuba unomdla, ungathabatha inxaxheba kwizifundo zophando ngamayeza amatsha kunye nonyango. Buza ugqirha wakho ngale nto.

Ukongeza, ukuba kukho esinye isifo esibangela ukuphuhliswa kwe-Pulmonary Fibrosis (umz., `(isifo sokuzikhusela komzimba)`), kuya kufuneka sinyangwe, okanye ukuba kukho iimeko ezenza ukuxinana kwemiphunga kube mandundu (umz., `(GERD)` - ukuxakeka kwesisu), kuya kufuneka uthathe amayeza aloo nto.

Ukuba ndine-Pulmonary Fibrosis, ndingazinyamekela njani?

(I-Pulmonary Fibrosis) Kunokuba nzima kancinci kumntu one-pulmonary fibrosis ukulwa nosulelo aze aphile. Ke ngoko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlamba izandla zakho rhoqo ngesepha namanzi, ugcine indawo okuyo icocekile, kwaye uhlale kude neendawo ezixineneyo kangangoko kunokwenzeka (ingakumbi ngexesha lomkhuhlane kunye nexesha lokubanda kunye nangexesha lobhubhane we-COVID). Kwakhona, kubalulekile ukufumana imigonyo ecetyiswa ngugqirha wakho. Ezi migonyo zinceda ukukhusela kwizifo ezifana ne-pneumonia, i-influenza, i-RSV, kunye ne-COVID.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Ukuba unengxaki yokuphefumla okanye uzive udiniwe lula kunangaphambili, bona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza. Kuba ukuba uyazibona kwaye uqale unyango lwale meko kwangethuba, unokulibazisa ukuqhubela phambili kwesi sifo.Ukuba sele unesifo se-connective tissue okanye isifo se-granulomatous, thetha nogqirha wakho ngeendlela zokunciphisa umngcipheko wakho wokuba ne-pulmonary fibrosis.

Kufuneka uye nini kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (i-ETU) ?

Ukuba kukho naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo, fowunela u-911 okanye uye kwigumbi likaxakeka elikufutshane ngokukhawuleza:

• Ubunzima bokuphefumla ngequbuliso, obuqatha.
• Intlungu ebuhlungu esifubeni.
• Ukudideka okanye ukutshintsha kwesimo sengqondo.
• Ukutshintsha kombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kolusu, imilebe, okanye iinzipho.

Ndimele ndibuze ntoni kugqirha wam?

Kuya kuba luncedo kuwe ukubuza le mibuzo xa undwendwela ugqirha:

• "Gqirha, yintoni ebangela ukuba imiphunga yam iqine ngolu hlobo?"
• "Zeziphi iindlela zonyango endinazo?"
• "Ndingawasebenzisa njani la mayeza?"
• "Ndiza kumbona nini ugqirha kwakhona?"
• "Ngaba ndifanelekile na ukufakelwa imiphunga?"

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukubuza imibuzo efana nale ukuze uqonde ngcono imeko yakho.

Ngaba i-Pulmonary Fibrosis ingathintelwa?

Asinakuthintela uninzi lwezizathu ze-pulmonary fibrosis. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izinto esinokuzenza ukunciphisa umonakalo kwimiphunga obangelwa zizinto ezingqongileyo:

• Ziphephe izinto eziyingozi emiphungeni (umz. i-asbestos, uthuli lwesinyithi, iikhemikhali) kangangoko unako. Ukuba kufuneka usebenze ngezinto ezinjalo, sebenzisa isixhobo sokuphefumla esikhethekileyo.
• Ziphephe izinto ezinokubangela i-allergies ezihlala ixesha elide (umz., ingca, iinkozo, indle yeentaka, iintsiba, kunye nezinye iinkqubo zomoya opholileyo). Sebenzisa isixhobo sokuphefumla ukuba usebenzisa ezi zinto.
• Ukuba uyatshaya, yeka ngoko nangoko, okanye ungaze uqalise.

Ukuba ndine-Pulmonary Fibrosis, ndimele ndilindele ntoni?

Olu qhekeko lwemiphunga luphantse lube luhlala luhleli (ngaphandle kweemeko ezingaqhelekanga, xa lubangelwa liyeza kwaye lubanjwe kwangethuba). Ukuba unesinye isifo esifihlakeleyo, ukulawula loo meko kunokunceda ukunciphisa umonakalo ongakumbi kwimiphunga yakho. Ukuba akukho sizathu sifumanekayo, ugqirha wakho uya kuzama ukunyanga iimpawu zakho ngelixa ezama ukuthintela umonakalo ongakumbi. Kunzima koogqirha ukuqikelela ngqo indlela i-pulmonary fibrosis eya kuqhubeka ngayo. Kwabanye abantu, iimpawu zinokukhula kancinci kancinci kwiminyaka ethile. Kwabanye, esi sifo sinokukhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye sibe nzima kwiinyanga ezimbalwa.

Ungaphila ixesha elingakanani ne-Pulmonary Fibrosis?

Umyinge wobomi obulindelekileyo kumntu onesifo esixhaphakileyo, i-"Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis," ubuhlala buyiminyaka emithathu ukuya kwemihlanu. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yophuhliso lwakutshanje kunyango, ubomi obulindelekileyo kubantu abanePulmonary Fibrosis bunyuke kancinci. Ngoko ke ungakhathazeki.

Ngaba kukho amanqanaba e-Pulmonary Fibrosis?

Akukho nkqubo "yokulinganisa" eyaziwayo ngokusemthethweni ye-pulmonary fibrosis. Nangona kunjalo, abanye oogqirha banokusichaza esi sifo ngokuthi "sithambile," "siphakathi," "sinzima," okanye "sinzima kakhulu" ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zakho, iziphumo zovavanyo lomsebenzi wamaphaphu, kunye neeskeni.

I-Pulmonary Fibrosis iqala nini xa ineminyaka emingaphi?

I-Pulmonary Fibrosis idla ngokufunyanwa kubantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwama-65 ubudala.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ukufumanisa ukuba une-Pulmonary Fibrosis kunokuba ngamava atshintsha ubomi. Kunokuba nzima kwaye kungaqinisekanga ngekamva. Ngamaxesha anje , ukuba nenkxaso evela kubantu obathandayo, usapho, kunye nabanye abanesimo esifanayo kunokuba luncedo kakhulu.

Into ebalulekileyo kukuba wonke umntu one-pulmonary fibrosis wahlukile. Akukho mntu unokuqikelela ngokuthe ngqo ukuba ikamva lakho liza kuba njani. Unyango lwangoku lunokunceda ekunciphiseni ukuqhubela phambili kwesi sifo, ukulawula iimpawu, kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wobomi bakho. Ngoko ke, nyaniseka kugqirha wakho malunga nento onokuyilindela kunye nento onokuyenza malunga nemeko yakho. Kubalulekile nokuba uhlale unethemba.

I-Pulmonary Fibrosis, Ukuxinana Kwemiphunga, Ubunzima Bokuphefumla, Ukukhwehlela Okomileyo, Isifo Semiphunga, Isifo Sokuphefumla, I-Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis, Ukuvaleka Kwemiphunga