Ngaba umntwana wakho ubonakala ediniwe ngalo lonke ixesha? Ngaba ukhalaza ngokuziva ediniwe, ehlala ekhwehlela, kwaye eneentlungu zamalungu? Ngaba wakha waphawula irhashalala ebomvu efana nebhabhathane ezidleleni nasempumlweni? Njengomzali, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuziva usoyika kwaye ukhathazekile xa ubona into efana nale. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngemeko abazali abaninzi abayoyikayo, kodwa ukuba iqondwa kakuhle kwaye ilawulwa, inokunceda umntwana wakho aphile ubomi obuqhelekileyo. Leyo yi-lupus ebantwaneni.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni iLupus?
Khawucinge ukuba kukho umkhosi ngaphakathi emizimbeni yethu osikhusela kwizifo. Lo mkhosi siwubiza ngokuba yinkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela . Xa iintshaba zangaphandle, ezinje ngeentsholongwane neebhaktheriya, zingena emzimbeni, lo mkhosi uyasilwa kwaye uyasikhusela.
I-Lupus sisifo esibangelwa kukuzikhusela komzimba . Okwenzekayo apha yinto engaqhelekanga kakhulu. Amajoni ethu okhuselo, inkqubo yokuzikhusela yomzimba, ngempazamo acinga ukuba iiseli zethu eziphilileyo kunye nezicubu "ziintshaba" aze aqale ukuzihlasela. Kufana namajoni ethu ahlasela ilizwe lethu. Olu hlaselo lubangela ukudumba , okukudumba nokudumba, kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba, kwaye lubangela iimpawu ezahlukeneyo.
Xa abantwana befumana i-lupus, inokuba yingozi ngakumbi kunakwibantu abadala. Oku kuthetha ukuba:
- Esi sifo sinokuba sisebenza ngakumbi kwaye sibe sibi kakhulu.
- Kukho umngcipheko omkhulu wokonakala kwamalungu omzimba abalulekileyo afana nezintso, intliziyo, nengqondo.
- Unyango lunokufuna iidosi eziphezulu zamayeza anamandla.
- Ezinye iindlela zonyango (umzekelo, ii-corticosteroids) zinokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga xa zisetyenziswa ixesha elide.
Uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lwe-lupus ebantwaneni yiSystemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) . Sidla ngokubiza olu hlobo ngokuthi "lupus." Ngamanye amaxesha oogqirha balubiza ngokuba yi-"Childhood-onset SLE" okanye "Juvenile-onset SLE." Iimpawu zihlala ziqala malunga neminyaka eli-12 ubudala, kodwa zinokuqala kwangethuba okanye kamva. Nangona kunjalo, kunqabile kakhulu ukuba abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-5 babe nesi sifo.
Zithini iimpawu ze-lupus kumntwana?
I-Lupus ayichaphazeli umntwana ngamnye ngendlela efanayo. Iimpawu zomntwana ngamnye zahlukile kancinci. Yiyo loo nto oogqirha bebiza oku ngokuthi "yi-lupus fingerprint," kuba yahlukile kumntu ngamnye.
Ukuze kube lula ukuqonda, masizahlule ezi mpawu zibe ngamacandelo amabini.
| Iimpawu (izinto wena nomntwana wakho enizivayo) | Iimpawu ezityhilwa kuvavanyo lwezonyango |
|---|---|
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Khumbula, ukuba nenye okanye ezimbini kwezi mpawu kuphela akuthethi ukuba une-lupus. Umzekelo, kukho amakhulu ezinye izizathu zomkhuhlane. Oogqirha bayayikrokrela i-lupus kuphela xa ezinye zezi mpawu zibonakala kunye.
Ziziphi ezinye iingxaki ezinokwenzeka ngenxa ye-lupus?
Unyango olufanelekileyo lunokunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wezi meko, kodwa abanye abantwana basesengozini yokuhlaselwa zezi meko.
- Ukonakala kwezintso: Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-lupus nephritis . Le yenye yezona ngxaki zinzima ze-lupus.
- Ukudumba kwemiphunga nentliziyo: Ukudumba kolwelo lwemiphunga (pleurisy) okanye ukudumba kwesingxobo esijikeleze intliziyo (pericarditis) kunokwenzeka. Zombini ezi zinto zinokubangela iintlungu ezibukhali esifubeni .
- Iziphumo zenkqubo ye-nervous central: Ingqondo kunye nomqolo zinokuchaphazeleka. Oku kunokubangela iintloko ezibuhlungu, utshintsho kwindlela yokuziphatha, kunye nokuxhuzula .
- Amahlwili egazi: Kukho umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwegazi, ingakumbi emilenzeni. Oku kunokubangela iimpawu ezifana neentlungu, ukudumba, kunye nokubomvu emlenzeni.
Kutheni abantwana befumana i-lupus? Yintoni unobangela?
Enyanisweni, abaphandi abakafumani unobangela omnye oqinisekileyo we-lupus. Nangona kunjalo, banethiyori abayikholelwayo. Ibizwa ngokuba yi-"two-hit theory." Oko kukuthi, i-lupus yenzeka xa izinto ezimbini zidibana.
1. Into yokuqala - I-Genetics: Kufuneka kubekho i-genetic predisposition edluliselwa kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana. Oko kukuthi, umntwana uzalwa ene-genetic predisposition yokuba ne-lupus.
2. Into yesibini - Ingxaki: Nokuba kukho utyekelo lwemfuza, kufuneka kubekho into ebangela ukuba esi sifo senzeke. Ingxaki enjalo inokuba:
- Usulelo lwentsholongwane
- Utshintsho kumanqanaba e-hormone (ingakumbi ngexesha lokufikisa)
- Ukuchatshazelwa lilanga elinzima (imisebe ye-UVA/UVB)
Nangona kunjalo, ayinguye wonke umntu onesifo sofuzo oza kuba ne-lupus. Ngamanye amaxesha, nokuba unezakhi zofuzo ezikwenza ube sesichengeni sokufumana esi sifo, unokuhlala ungenaso isifo ubomi bakho bonke.
Ugqirha uyifumanisa njani ngokuchanekileyo i-lupus?
Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba umntwana wakho uneempawu ze-lupus, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha. Ugqirha uza kwenza uxilongo ngokulandela la manyathelo:
- Ukubuza wena nomntwana wakho ngeempawu: Ukubuza ngeempawu umntwana wakho anazo, ukuba sele enethuba elingakanani enazo, kunye nokuba kukho nabani na kusapho lwakhe oye waba nezigulo ezifanayo.
- Uvavanyo olupheleleyo lomzimba: Umntwana uhlolwa ukusuka entloko ukuya ezinzwaneni, enika ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kwiimpumlo zolusu kunye namalungu avuvukileyo.
- Uvavanyo lwegazi nomchamo: Kwenziwa uvavanyo olwahlukeneyo ukujonga iimpawu ezinxulumene ne-lupus. Olu vavanyo luquka uvavanyo olukhankanyiweyo `(ANA)` kunye nenani leeseli zegazi.
Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwe-lupus?
Into yokuqala ekufuneka uyitsho kukuba akukabikho nyango lwe-lupus okwangoku. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Kukho unyango olusebenzayo kakhulu olufumanekayo namhlanje olunokunceda ukulawula esi sifo, ukunciphisa iimpawu, kunye nokunceda umntwana wakho aphile ubomi obuqhelekileyo.
Iinjongo eziphambili zonyango zezi:
- Ukunciphisa iimpawu zomntwana (ezifana neentlungu, ukudinwa).
- Ukuthintela inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ekonakaliseni amalungu omzimba.
- Ukugcina impilo yomzimba neyengqondo yomntwana ikwinqanaba elifanelekileyo.
Ngenxa yoku, iqela loogqirha, elikhokelwa yingcali yezifo zamathambo kubantwana, liyadibana ukuze lenze isicwangciso sonyango esilungiselelwe umntwana.
Ngezantsi kukho amanye amayeza asetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-lupus.
| Uhlobo lweziyobisi | Kutheni kufuneka usebenzise? | Imizekelo |
|---|---|---|
| Ii-Corticosteroids | Ukulawula ngokukhawuleza ukudumba emzimbeni. | I-Prednisone |
| Amayeza okulwa nemalariya | Ukulawula ukudumba kunye nokudumba kwesikhumba kunye nentlungu yamalungu. | I-Hydroxychloroquine |
| Izinto ezithintela amasosha omzimba | Ukulawula ukusebenza kwenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela esebenza kakhulu. | I-Azathioprine, iMycophenolate Mofetil, iMethotrexate |
| Izibulali-ntlungu | Ukunciphisa iintlungu ezifana neentlungu zamalungu. | I-Ibuprofen, iNaproxen |
| Iivithamini kunye neeminerali | Ukuthintela i-osteoporosis ebangelwa ngamayeza e-steroid. | I-Calcium kunye neVithamin D |
Masiqaphele nemiphumo emibi yonyango.
Nangona la mayeza enokunceda ekusindiseni ubomi bomntwana, anokubangela nezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela oku.
Ukusela amayeza e-steroid afana ne-'Prednisone' ixesha elide kunokubangela izinto ezifana nezi:
- Ukutyeba kwakho
- Amabala okuzolula eluswini
- Igazi elonyukayo
- Ukuncitshiswa kwamathambo (i-osteoporosis)
- Uxinzelelo lwengqondo okanye ukudakumba
- Ukwanda kwamanqanaba eswekile egazini (iswekile)
- Iingxaki ze-cataracts okanye i-glaucoma
Ezi ziphumo bezingalindelekanga zinokuchaphazela inkangeleko yomntwana, impilo yengqondo, kunye nophuhliso lwakhe. Kungoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuya kwiikliniki ngexesha ngokwemiyalelo kagqirha.
Iyeza elithi `Hydroxychloroquine` alinakwenzakalisa i-retina yeliso rhoqo. Ngoko ke, umntwana ngamnye osebenzisa eli yeza kufuneka ahlolwe amehlo akhe rhoqo ngugqirha wamehlo.
Ndingamnceda njani umntwana wam njengomzali?
Usenokuziva ungenakunceda xa ufumanisa ukuba umntwana wakho une-lupus. Nangona kunjalo, zininzi izinto onokuzenza ukunceda umntwana wakho kulo hambo.
- Khusela elangeni: Ukukhanya kwelanga yeyona nto iphambili ebangela ukuba i-lupus ibe nkulu. Ngoko ke, nanini na xa umntwana wakho ephuma phandle , qiniseka ukuba unxibe iiglasi zelanga, umnqwazi, kunye nempahla enemikhono emide. Kwakhona, sebenzisa i-sunscreen ene-SPF engama-30 nangaphezulu. Oku kufanele kwenziwe nakwiimini ezinamafu. Gcina umntwana wakho kude nelanga kangangoko kunokwenzeka phakathi kwentsimbi ye-10 kusasa ne-4 emva kwemini.
- Phumla kwaye uzilolonge: Mvumele umntwana wakho aphumle ukuba uziva ediniwe. Nangona kunjalo, ngeentsuku aziva ephilile ngazo, mkhuthaze ukuba enze umthambo othambileyo njengokuhamba nokudada. Oku kuya kunceda ukuqinisa izihlunu zakhe.
- Zikhusele kwiintsholongwane: I-Lupus kunye namanye amayeza asetyenziswayo anokwenza buthathaka amajoni omzimba omntwana wakho. Oku kumenza abe sengozini yokugula. Bafundise ukuhlamba izandla zabo rhoqo ngesepha namanzi. Zigcine kude nabantu abagulayo.
- Gcina uluhlu lweempawu: Gcina ingxelo yeempawu zomntwana wakho, iintsuku eziba mandundu ngazo, kunye nazo naziphi na iimpawu ezintsha ezibonakala. Oku kuya kuba luncedo kakhulu xa undwendwela ugqirha.
- Yazisa isikolo: Yazisa ootitshala besikolo kunye nenqununu yesikolo ngemeko yomntwana. Oku kuya kubanceda babonelele ngezibonelelo ezifunekayo zomntwana.
- Cinga ngempilo yengqondo: Ukuphila nesifo esinganyangekiyo kunokuba nzima ngokweemvakalelo emntwaneni. Mvumele umntwana wakho athethe nawe ngokukhululekileyo. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, funa uncedo kumcebisi.
- Zikhathalele: Kuko konke oku, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzikhathalela njengomama notata. Zinike ixesha lokuphumla kwaye ucinge ngempilo yakho. Kuphela xa usempilweni apho unokunyamekela umntwana wakho kakuhle.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Lupus sisifo esihlasela amasosha omzimba apho amajoni ethu omzimba ahlasela imizimba yethu.
- Inokuba yingozi ngakumbi xa ichaphazela abantwana, kodwa ingalawulwa kakuhle ngonyango olufanelekileyo.
- Lumka ngeempawu ezinje ngerhashalala efana nebhabhathane, ukudinwa kakhulu, iintlungu zamalungu, kunye nomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo.
- Ukuzikhusela elangeni kubaluleke kakhulu. I-sunscreen kunye nempahla yokuzikhusela ziyimfuneko.
- Ungaze ulibale ukuthatha amayeza owanikwe ngugqirha wakho kwaye uye kwiikliniki.
- Wena okanye umntwana wakho aniwedwa kolu hambo. Oogqirha, abahlengikazi, kunye nabacebisi basoloko bekulungele ukukuxhasa.
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