Ngaba wakha waziva ngathi kukho into etshintshayo ngaphakathi emzimbeni wakho, ikushiya ungazinzanga? Ngaba uvakalelwa kukuba inkqubo yakho isebenza ngokukhawuleza, ikwenza uxhalabe, ungazinzi, okanye ungakwazi ukugxila? Ukuba kunjalo, i-thyroid gland yakho isenokuba isebenza nzima kakhulu. Masithethe ngemeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-hyperthyroidism.
Yintoni iHyperthyroidism? Masiyigcine ilula!
Ngamafutshane, i-hyperthyroidism yenzeka xa i-thyroid gland entanyeni yakho isebenza kakhulu kwaye ivelisa i-thyroid hormone eninzi kakhulu. I-thyroid yakho yi-gland encinci, efana nebhabhathane efumaneka ngaphambili entanyeni yakho. Nangona incinci, idlala indima enkulu emzimbeni wakho. Ii-hormone ze-thyroid zibalulekile ekulawuleni imisebenzi emininzi yomzimba wakho, ngakumbi imetabolism yakho—isantya umzimba wakho osebenzisa ngaso amandla.
Kukho iihomoni ezimbini eziphambili ze-thyroid: i-triiodothyronine (T3) kunye ne-thyroxine (T4). Kukwakho nehomoni evuselela i-thyroid (TSH), ekhutshwa yi-pituitary gland yakho ukuze ibonise i-thyroid yakho ukuba ivelise ezi homoni. Kwi-hyperthyroidism, ubungakanani obugqithisileyo be-T3 kunye ne-T4 bungena egazini lakho. Oku kuyakhawulezisa iinkqubo zomzimba wakho, kukwenza uzive ngathi yonke inkqubo yakho iqhutywe kuxinzelelo olugqithisileyo, njengololiwe ohamba ngesantya esiphezulu. Ungaziva ngathi awunguye wena ngokwakho. Ukuqonda ezi mpawu kunye nokuthetha nogqirha linyathelo lokuqala elibalulekileyo.
Iqheleke Kangakanani Le Ngxaki?
I-Hyperthyroidism ayixhaphakanga kakhulu. Ngokwemeko, ichaphazela malunga ne-1.3% yabemi kumazwe afana ne-United States. Nangona kunjalo, kuba inokuchaphazela kakhulu ubomi bakho bemihla ngemihla, ukuqonda iimpawu zayo kubalulekile kuye wonke umntu.
Zithini Iimpawu zeHyperthyroidism? Jonga ukuba unayo na kwezi!
Ngenxa yokuba i-hyperthyroidism ichaphazela yonke inkqubo yakho ye-metabolic, iimpawu zayo zinokusasazeka. Abanye abantu bafumana iimpawu ezimbalwa ezingephi, ngelixa abanye bejongana neempawu ezininzi ngaxeshanye. Zinike umzuzwana ukuze ubone ukuba uyazibona na ezi:
- Ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza (i-tachycardia) kunye/okanye ukuva ukubetha kwesifuba sakho (iintlungu)—phantse kufane nokubetha kwegubu esifubeni sakho.
- Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu.
- Ukungcangcazela kwezandla , apho unokubona izandla zakho zingcangcazela nangona usenza imisebenzi elula efana nokubamba ikomityi yeti.
- Ukuhlala uxhalabile, ungaphumli, kwaye/okanye ucaphuka lula .
- Ukwehla kobunzima ngendlela engachazekiyo , nokuba unomdla wokutya unyukile kwaye utya kakhulu kunesiqhelo.
- Ukuhamba rhoqo kwamathumbu okanye indle ekhululekileyo ( urhudo ).
- Ukubila okwandayo kunye nokunganyamezelani nobushushu okuphawulekayo.
- Ukulahleka kweenwele , okanye iinwele ezibhityileyo neziqhekekileyo.
- Ubunzima bokulala ( ukungalali ), okukushiya ujikajika ebusuku.
- Utshintsho kwimijikelo yokuya exesheni kwabasetyhini, njengokuhamba kancinci okanye ukuya exesheni ( ukuya exesheni ) kuyeka ngokupheleleyo.
- Ukudumba ngaphambili entanyeni yakho, okunokuba yi- thyroid nodule okanye i-goiter enkulu ( i-goiter ).
- Amehlo avuvukileyo, avuvukileyo, okanye aphumayo (isifo samehlo e-thyroid).
Ezi mpawu zinokuvela ngequbuliso okanye zibonakale kancinci kancinci ngokuhamba kwexesha.Okubaluleke kakhulu, ukuba ubona olunye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu zilumkisayo, kubalulekile ukubonisana nengcali yezempilo ukuze ufumane isikhokelo.
Yintoni Ebangela I-Hyperthyroidism?
Kukho izizathu ezininzi ezinokubangela i-hyperthyroidism. Makhe sijonge ezona zizathu ziqhelekileyo zokuba oku kwenzeke:
- Isifo sikaGraves: Esi sesona sizathu sixhaphakileyo se-hyperthyroidism. Isifo sikaGraves sisifo esibangelwa kukuzikhusela komzimba. Ngamazwi alula, inkqubo yakho yomzimba ihlasela ngempazamo kwaye ivuselele i-thyroid gland yakho, iyenze ivelise iihomoni ezigqithisileyo. Ukuba unembali yosapho lwakho yeengxaki ze-thyroid okanye ezinye iimeko zokuzikhusela komzimba, usenokuba sengozini enkulu.
- Ii-nodules ze-thyroid: Ezi zii-dumps okanye ukukhula okungaqhelekanga kweeseli kwi-thyroid gland yakho. Ngamanye amaxesha, ezi nodules zisebenza ngokwazo kwaye zivelisa i-hormone eyongezelelweyo ye-thyroid. Oogqirha bayibiza le toxic multinodular goiter (TMNG). Ngethamsanqa, ezi nodules ze-thyroid azifane zibe ngumhlaza.
- I-Thyroiditis: Oku kubhekisa ekuvuvukeni kwe-thyroid gland. Kunokubangela ukuba i-thyroid hormone egciniweyo iphume, nto leyo ekhokelela kwi-hyperthyroidism yexeshana. Emva kwesi sigaba se-hormone engaphezulu, unokufumana ixesha elifutshane le-hypothyroidism (i-thyroid engasebenzi kakuhle) ngaphambi kokuba i-thyroid yakho ibuye ngokupheleleyo kwaye amanqanaba e-hormone abuyele kwisiqhelo.
- I-Iodine Egqithisileyo: I-thyroid gland yakho isebenzisa i-iodine ekutyeni kwakho ukuvelisa iihomoni. Ukutya i-iodine eninzi (ngokutya okanye amayeza) kunokubangela ukuba i-thyroid yakho ivelise iihomoni ezingaphezulu. Oku kunokwenzeka emva kokufumana i-IV iodine contrast (idayi esetyenziswa kwiiskeni ezithile zemifanekiso) okanye ngelixa usebenzisa amayeza afana ne-amiodarone (asetyenziselwa ukunyanga iingxaki zesingqisho sentliziyo).
- I-TSH-secreting pituitary adenoma (thyrotropinoma): Le yimbangela engaqhelekanga kakhulu. Ithumba elingeyongozi kwi-pituitary gland (ekwisiseko sobuchopho bakho) linokukhupha i-TSH eninzi kakhulu, lisoloko lixelela i-thyroid yakho ukuba ivelise iihomoni ezininzi.
Ngubani Osemngciphekweni Omkhulu Wokufumana I-Hyperthyroidism?
Nangona nabani na enokuba ne-hyperthyroidism, ezinye izinto ezinokubangela umngcipheko zinokwandisa amathuba okuba nayo. Ezi ziquka:
- Ukuba nembali yosapho yesifo se-thyroid okanye ezinye izifo ezizikhuselayo emzimbeni.
- Ukutshaya.
- Ukukhulelwa (ingakumbi malunga ne-postpartum thyroiditis, enokwenzeka emva kokuzalwa).
Ifunyanwa Njani I-Hyperthyroidism?
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba une-hyperthyroidism, ugqirha wakho uya kwenza uvavanyo olupheleleyo, oluhlala luquka amanyathelo aliqela:
1. Uvavanyo Lomzimba: Ugqirha wakho uza kujonga iimpawu zomzimba ze-thyroid esebenza kakhulu, ezifana ne-thyroid gland ekhulisiweyo, ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza, ukungcangcazela ezandleni zakho, okanye ulusu olufudumeleyo nolumanzi.
2. Uvavanyo lweGazi le-thyroid: Olu vavanyo lulinganisa amanqanaba eehomoni ze-thyroid egazini lakho. Kwi-hyperthyroidism, amanqanaba e-T3 kunye ne-T4 ahlala ephezulu kunesiqhelo, ngelixa amanqanaba e-thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) yakho ahlala encitshisiwe (nangona engasoloko) okanye ephantsi kakhulu.
3. Uvavanyo lwe-Thyroid Antibody: Olu vavanyo lwegazi lunceda ekuchongeni ukuba isifo sikaGraves singunobangela wengxaki yakho.
4. Uvavanyo Lokufota: Iindlela ezahlukeneyo zofota zinceda ekufumaneni unobangela ochanekileyo we-hyperthyroidism. Ezi zinokubandakanya uvavanyo lwe-radioactive iodine uptake (RAIU) kunye ne-scan, okanye i-thyroid ultrasound. Ugqirha wakho uza kuchaza ezi mvavanyo aze acebise ukhetho olufanelekileyo kwimeko yakho.
Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwe-Hyperthyroidism?
Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba i-hyperthyroidism inganyangeka kakhulu. Eyona ndlela ilungileyo kuwe ixhomekeke kwisizathu esiyintloko, ubudala bakho, kunye nempilo yakho iyonke. Ugqirha wakho uza kuxoxa nawe ngezi ndlela zokuyila isicwangciso sonyango esilungiselelwe wena.
- Amayeza e-Antithyroid: Amayeza afana ne-methimazole (Tapazole®) kunye ne-propylthiouracil (PTU) athintela amandla e-thyroid yakho okuvelisa iihomoni ezintsha. Oku kudla ngokuba yindlela yokuqala yokuzikhusela. Angazisa amanqanaba e-thyroid hormone yakho kuluhlu olukhuselekileyo kwiiveki ezimbalwa ukuya kwiinyanga, nto leyo enceda iimpawu zakho ziphele.
- Unyango lwe-Radioactive Iodine (RAI): Oku kuquka ukuthatha i-radioactive iodine ngomlomo njenge-capsule okanye ulwelo. I-iodine ithathwa ziiseli ze-thyroid ezisebenzayo, zize zitshabalalise kancinci kancinci. Nangona olu lunyango olusebenzayo noluhlala luhleli lwe-hyperthyroidism, ludla ngokukhokelela kwi-thyroid engasebenzi kakuhle. Ngenxa yoko, kuya kufuneka uthathe amayeza okutshintsha i-thyroid hormone (levothyroxine) ubomi bakho bonke ukuze ugcine ibhalansi ye-hormone eqhelekileyo.
- Utyando (i-Thyroidectomy): Kwezinye iimeko, ugqirha wotyando unokususa yonke okanye inxalenye ye-thyroid gland yakho. Nangona oku kusombulula i-hyperthyroidism, kudla ngokubangela i-hypothyroidism, oko kuthetha ukuba uya kufuna unyango lokutshintsha i-thyroid hormone ubomi bakho bonke.
- Ii-Beta-Blockers: Nangona la mayeza engatshintshi amanqanaba ehomoni yakho ye-thyroid, asebenza ngokukhawuleza ukunciphisa iimpawu ezingathandekiyo ezifana nokubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza, ukungcangcazela, kunye nokuxhalaba ngelixa ezinye iindlela zonyango zakho zisebenza.
Unyango ngalunye luza neengenelo zalo, iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, kunye neengozi zalo. Ugqirha wakho uza kukunceda ukukhokela kwezi ndlela zokukhetha. Ungaze unqikaze ukubuza imibuzo.
Iyintoni imbono yexesha elide kumntu one-hyperthyroidism? (Ingqikelelo)
I-Hyperthyroidism yimeko elawulekayo kakhulu. Ngonyango olufanelekileyo, uninzi lwabantu luqhubeka luphila ubomi obusempilweni nobusebenzayo. Nokuba unyango lwakho lufuna ukuba uthathe amayeza imihla ngemihla ixesha elide, lukuvumela ukuba ugcine amanqanaba e-hormone aqhelekileyo, azinzileyo.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba asinyangwa, isifo sikaGraves (esingunobangela ophambili we-hyperthyroidism) sinokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezifana ne-Graves' ophthalmopathy (isifo samehlo se-thyroid). Ukuba ufunyaniswe unesifo sikaGraves, sebenzisana ngokusondeleyo nomboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuze usilawule ngokufanelekileyo.
Kwenzeka Ntoni Ukuba I-Hyperthyroidism Ayinyangwa? Ngaba Iyingozi?
Ewe, ukungahoyi okanye ukunyanga i-hyperthyroidism ngendlela engafanelekanga kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezinkulu zempilo ngokuhamba kwexesha, kuquka:
- I-Atrial fibrillation (Afib), ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga nokuqhelekileyo ngokukhawuleza
- Ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo okubangelwa kukunganyamezelani
- Ukungazali okanye ukungaqheleki kokuya exesheni
- I-Ischemic stroke
- I-Osteoporosis (amathambo abuthathaka, abuthathaka)
Ingxaki engaqhelekanga kodwa esongela ubomi ye-hyperthyroidism enganyangwanga yi-thyroid storm (ekwaziwa ngokuba yi-thyroid crisis okanye i-thyrotoxic crisis). Ngexesha le-thyroid storm, i-thyroid yakho ngequbuliso ikhupha inani elikhulu lee-hormone ze-thyroid egazini lakho kwixesha elifutshane. Le yingxamiseko yezonyango. Idla ngokubangelwa luxinzelelo olukhulu lomzimba—njengosulelo olunzima, ukwenzakala, okanye utyando—kumntu one-hyperthyroidism enganyangwanga okanye engalawulwa kakuhle.
Ufanele Udibane Nogqirha Nini?
Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu ze-hyperthyroidism, kubaluleke kakhulu ukucwangcisa idinga nomboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuze ufumane ukuxilongwa ngokufanelekileyo kunye nonyango.
Ukuba sele uxilongiwe, kuya kufuneka uhlolwe rhoqo kwaye uhlolwe igazi ukuze kujongwe amanqanaba akho ehomoni kwaye kuqinisekiswe ukuba unyango lwakho lusebenza kakuhle.
Ukuba ufumana iimpawu zesifo se-thyroid—ezifana nomkhuhlane ophezulu kakhulu, ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza, ukudideka, okanye ukuphazamiseka okukhulu—fowunela u-911 (okanye iinkonzo zongxamiseko zasekuhlaleni) okanye ufumane unyango olungxamisekileyo ngokukhawuleza kwigumbi likaxakeka lesibhedlele elikufutshane.
Ngaba Le Ngxaki Ibangela Ukwanda Kobunzima?
Ngokwesiqhelo, i-hyperthyroidism ayibangeli ukutyeba. Enyanisweni, uninzi lwabantu luyehla nangona lunomdla wokutya ongaphezulu. Oku kwenzeka kuba iihomoni ze-thyroid ezingaphezulu zinyusa izinga le-metabolism yakho, nto leyo ebangela ukuba umzimba wakho utshise iikhalori ngokukhawuleza kakhulu kunesiqhelo.
Kwelinye icala, i-thyroid engasebenzi kakuhle (i-hypothyroidism) iyayicothisa imetabolism yakho, nto leyo edla ngokukhokelela ekutyebeni.
Ngaba Ungayiphuhlisa I-Hyperthyroidism Ngexesha Lokukhulelwa?
Ewe, i-hyperthyroidism inokwenzeka ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Ngexesha le-trimester yakho yokuqala, umzimba wakho ngokwendalo uvelisa amanqanaba aphezulu eehomoni ze-thyroid ukuxhasa ukukhula komntwana wakho. Nangona ukunyuka okuncinci kuyinto eqhelekileyo, amanqanaba aphezulu eehomoni ze-thyroid afuna ukubekwa esweni ngokusondeleyo kunye nolawulo oluvela kumboneleli wakho wezempilo . Amanqanaba e-thyroid angalawulwayo anokubangela umngcipheko kwimpilo yakho nakumntwana wakho osakhulayo.
Ukufumanisa i-hyperthyroidism ngexesha lokukhulelwa ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba nzima kuba iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zokukhulelwa, ezinje ngokudinwa, ukunganyamezelani nobushushu, kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza, zinokufana nezo ze-thyroid esebenza kakhulu.
Ziziphi izinto zokutya omele uziphephe ukuba une-hyperthyroidism?
Kwezinye iimeko, ukutya ukutya okune-iodine eninzi okanye okongezwe yi-iodine kunokubangela okanye kuyenze mandundu i-hyperthyroidism.
Ukuba une-hyperthyroidism, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba ulungise indlela otya ngayo. Soloko uqhagamshelana nogqirha wakho okanye ingcali yokutya ebhalisiweyo ngaphambi kokuba wenze utshintsho olukhulu kwindlela otya ngayo. Khumbula ukuba ukutya kuphela akunakuyinyanga i-hyperthyroidism; unyango ludla ngokuba yimfuneko.
Ukuba ugqirha wakho ucebisa ukutya okune-iodine encinci, kunokufuneka unciphise okanye uphephe ukutya okulandelayo:
- Intlanzi
- I-Seaweed kunye ne-kelp
- Iinkala kunye neelobster
- I-Sushi
- I-shrimp
- I-Algae kunye ne-alginates
- Iimveliso zobisi, ezinje ngobisi kunye netshizi
- Izikhupha zamaqanda
- Ityuwa ene-iodized
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
Ukufumana naluphi na uxilongo kunokuvakala kunzima ekuqaleni. Kodwa khumbula, i-hyperthyroidism ilawuleka kakhulu kwaye iyanyangeka. Ukuba uziva ngathi umzimba wakho usebenza kakhulu, okanye ukuba unengxaki yokuxhalaba, ukungcangcazela, okanye iingcinga ezikhawulezayo, nceda uqhagamshelane nogqirha. Ngovavanyo olulula, umniki-nkonzo wakho wezempilo anokukunceda ukubuyisela umzimba wakho kwindawo efanelekileyo. Phefumla nzulu—ngonyango olufanelekileyo, ungabuyisela impilo yakho kwaye uzive ngathi ungumntu onjani kwakhona!
