Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha ukhe uphathwe ziintlungu zesisu okanye isisu esibuhlungu xa usitya into efana nesonka okanye iibhisikithi? Okanye ngaba abanye abantu banotyekelo lokungatyi nto? Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngemeko enokunxulunyaniswa nento efana naleyo. Leyo yiCeliac Disease. Nangona oku kungabonakala kunzima kancinci, masikuqonde ngokulula.
Yintoni isifo se-celiac?
Ngamafutshane, isifo se-celiac sisifo esibangelwa
yingxaki kwinkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela komzimba . Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-"autoimmune disorder". Okwenzekayo koku kukuba xa sitya ukutya okuneproteni ebizwa ngokuba yi-"gluten", inkqubo yomzimba yethu yokuzikhusela yomzimba iyajika. Ngokuchanekileyo, umzimba wethu ucinga ukuba le gluten lutshaba. Emva koko ivelisa ii-antibodies zokuhlasela olo tshaba. Nangona kunjalo, ezi "antibodies" zonakalisa
udonga lwangaphakathi (mucosa) lwamathumbu ethu amancinci . Ngenxa yalo monakalo, amathumbu amancinci awakwazi ukufunxa kakuhle izondlo ekutyeni. Kulapho kuvela khona
ukungabikho kwesondlo . Le protein ebizwa ngokuba yi-"gluten" ifumaneka kakhulu kwiinkozo. Ingakumbi kwizinto ezifana
nengqolowa, irhasi, kunye ne-rye . Uyazi, uninzi lokutya esikutyayo, njengesonka, ipasta, iikeyiki, kunye neebhisikithi, kwenziwa ngezi nkozo. Akunjalo kuphela, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha neesosi, iisuphu, kunye nokutya okupakishweyo esingacingi nokucinga ngako kunokuba ne-gluten. Ibhiya idla ngokwenziwa ngerhasi okanye i-rye.
Isifo se-celiac siwuchaphazela njani umzimba wam?
Isifo seCeliac sichaphazela kakhulu
amathumbu akho amancinci . Kulapho uninzi lwezondlo ekutyeni esikutyayo zifunxwa khona. Oku kuquka iiproteni ezifana negluten. Kodwa ukuba unesifo seceliac, xa igluten ingena emathunjini akho amancinci, amasosha omzimba ayasabela. Oko kukuthi, amasosha omzimba athumela iiseli kunye nama-antibodies ukutshabalalisa iimolekyuli zegluten. Ezi seli zonakalisa ulwelo lwangaphakathi lwamathumbu amancinci, i-mucosa. Cinga ngako, ingaphakathi lamathumbu ethu amancinci lenziwe kakuhle kakhulu. Udonga lwalo lwangaphakathi alugudi nje kuphela. Lunemiphetho emininzi, kwaye luzele ziiprojekti ezincinci ezifana neminwe, ezibizwa ngokuba
yi-villi . Ezi villi zinika ukutya kwakho indawo enkulu yokufunxa izondlo ezininzi kangangoko kunokwenzeka ngexesha lokugaya. Inokuba nkulu njengenkundla yetenisi ukuba uyayolula! Kodwa iiseli zamasosha omzimba eziza nesifo seceliac
ziyayifunxa kwaye ziyayifunxa yonke le `(villi)`, zinciphisa indawo ekhoyo yokufunxa izondlo.
Ngaba isifo se-celiac siyingozi?
Ewe, ukonakala kwamathumbu amancinci kunokuba
nemiphumo emibi kakhulu . Njengoko benditshilo ngaphambili, amathumbu amancinci kulapho izondlo ekutyeni zifunxwa khona yi-`(mucosa)`. Ngoko ke xa i-`(mucosa)` yonakele, ayisebenzi kakuhle. Siyibiza ngokuba yi-`
Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-'malabsorption'. Oku `(malabsorption)` kunokubangela 'ukungondleki' . Kwakhona, ezinye izifo ezininzi zinokwenzeka ngenxa yokunqongophala kwezondlo ezahlukeneyo. Ukuba le meko ichaphazela abantwana abancinci ngokukodwa, ukukhula nophuhliso lwabo lunokuphazamiseka. Ngubani ofumana isifo se-celiac?
Isifo seCeliac sixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abazalwa eMntla Yurophu. Kuqikelelwa ukuba malunga ne-1% yabemi baseYurophu naseMntla Melika banesi sifo. Ukuba umntu kusapho lwakho (isihlobo sokuqala, njengomama, utata, okanye umntwana) unesi sifo, unethuba elimalunga ne-10% lokuba naso. Ama-97% abantu abafunyaniswe benesifo se-celiac bane -gene variant ethile enxulumene naso. Ezi zibizwa ngokuba yi-`(HLA-DQ2)` okanye `(HLA-DQ8)`. Ngaba zikho ezinye izinto ezibangela umngcipheko?
Isifo seCeliac sixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abaneengxaki ezithile ze-chromosome ezizuzwe njengelifa , ezifana ne-Down syndrome. Sixhaphake kakhulu nakubantu abanezinye izifo ezithile ze-autoimmune . Ezi zifo zihlala zabelana nge-genes, kwaye zinokubangelana. Njengezinye izifo ze-autoimmune, isifo se-celiac sixhaphake kakhulu kwabasetyhini kunakumadoda . Umlinganiselo umalunga nesibini ukuya kwesinye (2:1). Unamathuba amaninzi okufumana isifo se-celiac ukuba unayo:
- Ukuba umhlophe.
- Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho onesi sifo.
- Ukuba une -chromosome engaqhelekanga efana ne-`(Turner syndrome)`, `(Williams syndrome)` okanye `(Down syndrome)`.
- Ukuba unesinye isifo sokuzikhusela komzimba esifana `(Uhlobo 1 lweswekile)`, `(isifo samathambo esibizwa ngokuba yi-rheumatoid arthritis )`, `(i-microscopic colitis)` okanye `(isifo sika-Addison)`.
- Ukuba ungumfazi.
Yintoni ebangela isifo se-celiac?
Izifo ezininzi zokuzikhusela komzimba, njengesifo se-celiac, ubuncinane zizifo zemfuza . Oko kukuthi, kunokwenzeka ukuba ube nayo ngenxa yohlobo oluthile lwemfuza oludluliselwa kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana kwiintsapho. Nangona kunjalo, ayinguye wonke umntu onohlobo olo lwemfuza oza kuba nesifo, kwaye ayinguye wonke umntu ofumana eso sifo oza kuba nohlobo olo luchongiweyo lwemfuza. Kubonakala ngathi ezinye izinto nazo zidlala indima ekuqaleni kwesi sifo. Umntu ufumana njani isifo se-celiac?
Enye ingcamango kukuba uxinzelelo olukhulu lomzimba lunokonakalisa inkqubo yethu yomzimba yokuzikhusela.Kukholelwa ukuba oku kunokubangelwa sisiganeko esibuhlungu. Oogqirha baye baqaphela ukuba esi sifo sivela emva kwesiganeko somzimba esifana notyando, ukugula, ukukhulelwa, okanye ukwenzakala okukhulu kwengqondo. Enye ingcamango kukuba iintsholongwane ezihlala emathunjini ethu (iintsholongwane ezisemathunjini akho) ziyabandakanyeka. Le ngcamango ifuna uphando olongezelelekileyo. Isifo se-celiac sibonakala nini?
Isifo seCeliac sinokuvela nakweyiphi na iminyaka emva kokuba wena okanye umntwana wakho eqale ukutya igluten . Oogqirha basoloko besibona kumaqela amabini eminyaka: abantwana abancinci, phakathi kweenyanga ezi-8 nezi-12 , kunye neminyaka ephakathi, phakathi kweminyaka engama-40 nama-60 . Isizathu sokuba sibonakale kwangethuba kukuba abantwana badla ngokuqala ukutya ukutya okuqinileyo, okufana neebhisikithi kunye neenkozo, ezinegluten. Ziziphi iimpawu zesifo se-celiac?
Iimpawu zesifo se-celiac zinokwahluka kakhulu kumntu nomntu, ngoko ke kunokuba nzima ukuzifumanisa. Abanye abantu abanazo kwaphela iimpawu. Abanye abantu bafumana iimpawu zesisu (GI) emva kokutya i-gluten. Abanye banokubona iimpawu ezingacacanga zokunqongophala kokutya emva kokuba umonakalo ubonakalisiwe. Kwaba bantu, i-anemia isenokuba luphawu lokuqala lwesi sifo. Usenokuba neempawu ezifana nezi:
Iimpawu zesisu:
Iimpawu ze-anemia yokunqongophala kwe-iron:
- Ubuthathaka kunye nokudinwa
- Inkangeleko ephaphathekileyo (Ubumhlophe)
- Izandla neenyawo ezibandayo
- Izipikili ezibhityileyo okanye ezigobileyo
- Intloko ebuhlungu
- Izilonda zomlomo
Ezinye iimpawu zokungondleki kakuhle:
- Ukunciphisa umzimba ngokungeyomfuneko
- Ukukhula okulibazisekileyo kunye nophuhliso olukhawulezileyo ebantwaneni (Ukungaphumeleli ukukhula)
- Ukuphelelwa yimisipha okanye ithoni yemisipha ephantsi
- Iziphene ze-enamel yamazinyo, umzekelo, ukuqhekeka kwemingxuma, ukudaya, okanye ukubonakala okukhanyayo
- Ukuya exesheni okungacwangciswanga okanye ubunzima bokukhulelwa
- Ukutshintshatshintsha kweemvakalelo, okuqheleke kakhulu ebantwaneni kunye nokudakumba kubantu abadala
Malunga ne-15% yabantu abanesifo se-celiac bahlakulela esi sifo sesikhumba esingapheliyo njengesiphumo esibi. Sikwabizwa ngokuba yi -'gluten rash' okanye 'celiac rash' . La ma-antibodies e-gluten awonakalisa amathumbu amancinci kwisifo se-celiac abangela esi sifo. I-Dermatitis herpetiformis sisiqhushumbisi esirhawuzelayo nesinamaqhuqhuva esifana nama-blisters okanye i-eczema. Sihlala sibonakala kwiingqiniba, emadolweni, ezinqeni, okanye entlokweni. Uyazi njani ukuba unesifo se-celiac?
Ukuba ufumana iingxaki zokugaya ukutya emva kokutya igluten, unokukrokrela ukuba unesifo se-celiac. Abantu abaninzi babonakala benovakalelo kwi-gluten okanye kwimveliso yengqolowa ekutyeni kwabo. Ukunganyamezelani nokutya kunokubangela iimpawu ezingathandekiyo emva kokutya ukutya, kodwa azibangeli umonakalo emathunjini njengesifo se-celiac. Ukuze kufunyanwe isifo se-celiac, oogqirha bafuna ubungqina balo monakalo. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuvavanya isifo se-celiac ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukutya ukutya okungenagluten. Kulapho ke uvavanyo luza kubonisa indlela igluten echaphazela ngayo umzimba wakho. Wakuba uyekile ukutya igluten, amathumbu akho aza kuqala ukuphola. Ukuphola kulungile, kodwa ke ubungqina besifo se-celiac buya kuphela. Wena nogqirha wakho kufuneka nazi ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba unaso na, ukuze nikwazi ukugqiba ukuba loluphi uhlobo lonyango eniludingayo ukuya phambili.
Oogqirha bavavanya njani isifo se-celiac?
Oogqirha basebenzisa iindlela ezimbini ukuvavanya isifo se-celiac. Bathanda ukuzisebenzisa zombini ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa. Eyokuqala luvavanyo lwegazi . Oogqirha bakhangela ii-antibodies egazini lakho eziveliswa ngokuchasene ne-gluten. Emva koko, bakhangela umonakalo. Oku kubandakanya ukuthatha isampuli encinci yezicubu (i-biopsy) emathunjini akho amancinci kwaye bayihlolisise phantsi kwe-microscope. Ukuze bathathe le sampuli, ugqirha we-gastroenterologist uya kwenza uvavanyo lwe-endoscopic emathunjini akho amancinci. I-endoscopy luvavanyo olubandakanya ukufaka ityhubhu ende, encinci enekhamera encinci ngaphakathi. Ngexesha le-endoscopy ephezulu , i-endoscope idluliselwa emphinjeni iye kwinxalenye ephezulu yamathumbu amancinci, ebizwa ngokuba yi-duodenum . Ngokusekelwe kwimifanekiso ebonwe kwikhamera, ugqirha owenza i-endoscopy unokudlulisa izixhobo ngetyhubhu aze athathe i-biopsy. Uvavanyo olongezelelweyo
Nje ukuba isifo se-celiac siqinisekiswe, ugqirha wakho uya kufuna ukujonga igazi lakho ukuba alinazo na iivithamini kunye neeminerali ezithile . Iingxaki ezinkulu zinokuba nemiphumo eyahlukeneyo emzimbeni wakho kwaye zinokufuna unyango ngokuthe ngqo ngezongezo. Ezona zixhaphakileyo yi -anemia yokunqongophala kwesinyithi , i-anemia yokunqongophala kweevithamini , kunye nokunqongophala kwevithamini D. Usenokuba namanqanaba aphantsi ee-electrolytes, njenge-calcium. Iphathwa njani isifo se-celiac?
Inyathelo lokuqala nelibaluleke kakhulu ekunyangeni isifo se-celiac kukuyeka ngokupheleleyo ukutya i-gluten . Awunakuyitshintsha indlela umzimba wakho osabela ngayo kwi-gluten, kodwa unokuthintela i-gluten ekubangeleni loo mpendulo. Wakuba uyekile ukutya i-gluten, amathumbu akho amancinci aza kuqala ukuphola kwaye kungekudala aza kukwazi ukufunxa izondlo kwakhona. Nangona kunjalo, kuya kufuneka uhlale utya ukutya okungqongqo okungenagluten ubomi bakho bonke ukuze uthintele umonakalo ongakumbi kumathumbu akho amancinci. Unyango olongezelelweyo lungabandakanya:
* Ukuba kukho iziphene ezinkulu, thatha izongezo zesondlo ukuze uzilungise.
* Nyanga i-dermatitis herpetiformis ngamayeza athile afana ne-dapsone.
* Ii-Corticosteroids zokudumba okukhulu okungaphenduli ngokukhawuleza ekutyeni.
* Unyango oluqhubekayo lokulandelela, kuquka nokuhlolwa rhoqo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba isifo siyalawuleka.
Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuchacha emva konyango?
Kwabaninzi abantu , iimpawu ziqala ukuphucuka phantse kwangoko emva kokuqala ukutya okungenagluten . Kungathatha iiveki ezimbalwa ukuba ukunqongophala kwesondlo sakho kujongwane nako, kwaye kungathatha iinyanga ezimbalwa ukuba amathumbu akho aphile ngokupheleleyo. Kwezinye iimeko, kungathatha ixesha elide, kuxhomekeke kubungakanani bomonakalo kunye nokuba sele ukho ixesha elide kangakanani. Ukuba awulandeli ukutya okungqongqo, ukululama kunokulibaziseka. Iyintoni imbono yabantu abanesifo se-celiac?
Abantu abaninzi abaxilongiweyo baze bayeke ukutya igluten banokulindela ukuba baphile kakuhle . Uninzi lomonakalo obangelwa sisifo se-celiac lunokuguqulwa. Ukuba uyaqhubeka nokuba neempawu, usenokuba utya i-gluten encinci ungaqondi, okanye usenokuba unenye imeko. Kuphela malunga ne-5% yabantu abanesifo se-celiac esinganyangekiyo ngokwenene, esingaphenduliyo kulawulo lokutya. Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba awuyeki ukutya igluten? Zithini iingxaki ezihlala ixesha elide?
Ukuba ufunyaniswe ukuba une-gluten emva kweminyaka emininzi, okanye ukuba awukwazi ukuphepha ukutya i-gluten emva koko, iziphumo zesifo se-celiac zinokuba nzima kakhulu kwaye zihlale ixesha elide . Iingxaki zokungondleki kakuhle okungapheliyo:
- IiRickets ebantwaneni okanye i-osteomalacia kubantu abadala.
- I-Osteopenia ( ukuncitshiswa kwamathambo) kunye ne-osteoporosis ( ukulahlekelwa ngamathambo).
- Iziphene ze-enamel yamazinyo ezihlala zihleli.
- Iziphumo kwinkqubo yemithambo-luvo (i-peripheral neuropathy), kubandakanya ukungaziva nokurhawuzelelwa, ukuxhuzula kwemisipha, kunye neengxaki zokulinganisela kunye nokulungelelanisa (i-ataxia).
- Ukukhula okulibazisekileyo nophuhliso ebantwaneni, ukungakwazi ukuzibamba.
- Ubunzima bokugxila nokufunda.
Iingxaki zokudumba okungapheliyo:
- Ukuzikhusela komzimba okubuthathaka : Xa inkqubo yakho yomzimba isoloko isebenza kakhulu, ayinazo izixhobo zokujongana neengxamiseko ezifana nosulelo. Oku kunokunyusa umngcipheko wakho wokugula.
- Ezinye iingxaki zokunganyamezelani nokutya : Njengoko ulwelo lwakho lwamathumbu luqhubeka lonakala, usenokungakwazi ukugaya izondlo obukwazi ukuzigaya ngaphambili. Umzekelo , ukunganyamezeli i-lactose kunokuvela.
- Ukudumba kunye namanxeba : Ukudumba okukhulu kunokubangela izilonda emathunjini akho amancinci. Isilonda esinzima sinokudlula eludongeni lwamathumbu (ukugqobhoka kwesisu), nto leyo engxamisekileyo yezonyango. Ukudumba kunokubangela amanxeba ngaphakathi emathunjini kwaye kunciphise amathumbu (ukuqina), nto leyo enokubangela ukuvaleka kwamathumbu .
- I-Collagenous sprue : Esi sifo singaqhelekanga sibangela ukugcinwa kwe-collagen okuhlala kuhleli emathunjini amancinci, okunokuphazamisa ukufunxwa kwezondlo ngokusisigxina.
- Isifo sesibindi : Ngokuhamba kwexesha, unokuba nesifo sesibindi esingapheliyo kunye nokonakala kwesibindi okuqhubekayo.
- Umhlaza : Ukudumba okungapheliyo kwandisa umngcipheko wokuba nomhlaza wamathumbu amancinci (ii-lymphomas zamathumbu, i-intestinal adenocarcinoma) kunye nomhlaza womqala .
Uqhelana njani nokutya okungenagluten?
Ekuqaleni, ukuphepha yonke igluten kunokubonakala kunzima. Kuya kufuneka ufunde ukufunda iilebheli kwaye uqaphele ukungcoliswa yigluten ngengozi. Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba kukho izixhobo ezininzi ezikhoyo zokukunceda uqalise ukutya kwakho okutsha. Ugqirha wakho angakuthumela kwingcali yokutya ebhalisiweyo , enokukunceda uqalise. Ziziphi ukutya ezibangela iimpawu ze-celiac?
I-gluten ifumaneka ngokwemvelo kwezinye iinkozo kunye neemveliso ezenziwe ngeenkozo. Oko kuthetha ukuba:- Ingqolowa (zonke iintlobo ezifana ne-semolina, i-durum, i-bulgur, i-spelt, i-couscous)
- Irhasi (kunye ne-malt eyenziwe ngerhasi)
- I-Rye
Ezi ngqolowa zisetyenziselwa ukwenza:- Isonka kunye neemveliso zokubhaka
- Iinkozo ezishushu nezibandayo
- Iintlobo zeenoodles kunye nepasta
- Ibhiya, iLager kunye neAle
- Utywala obune-malt
- Iviniga ye-malt
Ukongeza, igluten yongezwa kwiimveliso ezininzi zokutya ezicutshungulwayo . Umzekelo:- Iisuphu kunye neesosi
- Iisosi zesaladi kunye neziqholo
- Inyama ezicutshungulweyo (ezifana nee-hot dog, ii-deli meat)
- Itshizi elungisiweyo, iyogathi kunye neemveliso ze-ayisikhrim
- Ukutya okupakishweyo
- Ukutya okumnandi
Kubalulekile: Ngaphambi kokuba utye ukutya okucutshungulweyo, jonga ilebhile ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho gluten ifihlakeleyo.
Nazi ezinye iingcebiso zokuphila nesifo se-celiac:
- Yenza imenyu yasekhaya. Jonga iincwadi zeresiphi uze ukhethe iiresiphi ezimbalwa onokuzitya rhoqo kwaye ezilula ukuzenza. Ziqhelise ukugcina izithako ozifunayo ekhaya rhoqo.
- Gcina izidlo ezimbalwa ezingenagluten emotweni yakho, ebhegini, okanye eofisini. Ziya kuba luncedo ukuba awukwazi ukufumana enye into yokutya xa uphuma endlwini.
- Fumana iindawo zokutyela ezimbalwa ezineemenyu ezithembekileyo ezingenagluten okanye owaziyo ukuba unokuodola kuzo ngokukhuselekileyo.
- Xa ungaqinisekanga ukuba yintoni na ekutyeni okutsha, kukwangumbono omhle ukugcina imicu yovavanyo lwegluten ikufutshane ukuze ujonge ukuba ayinayo na igluten.
Okokugqibela, yintoni ekufuneka uyikhumbule
Ukuxilongwa kwesifo se-celiac kuya kutshintsha indlela otya ngayo nendlela ophila ngayo ngonaphakade. Kwaye kuya kutshintsha ubomi bakho bube ngcono . Ngaphambi kokuba uxilongwe, mhlawumbi ubusitya i-gluten kwaye wonakalisa kancinci amathumbu akho amancinci. Usenokuba ubuneempawu ezingaqhelekanga nezingathandekiyo kangangeminyaka ungazi nokuba ziyintoni na. Ngoku ekubeni uyazi, unamandla okwakha impilo yakho kwakhona. Ungakhathazeki, ukuba uyilawula ngokufanelekileyo, ungahlala usempilweni!
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