Iskeni ekhethekileyo yokufunda ngentliziyo yakho! (I-Cardiac Computed Tomography - I-CT Scan) Makhe sithethe ngayo?

Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngeskeni ekhethekileyo enokubonisa ulwazi oluninzi malunga nentliziyo yakho. Ibizwa ngokuba yi-cardiac `CT` scan (Cardiac Computed Tomography - CT scan). Mhlawumbi ugqirha wakho ukuxelele ukuba wenze oku, okanye ukhe weva ngako ndaweni ithile. Ngoko makhe sijonge ukuba yintoni, yenziwa njani, into ekufuneka uyazi ngaphambi kokuba uyifumane, kunye nezinto ezilungileyo nezingalunganga.

Yintoni i-CT scan yentliziyo?

Ngamafutshane, i-CT scan yentliziyo luhlobo olukhethekileyo lovavanyo lwe-X-ray olusebenzisa imisebe emininzi ye-X-ray evela kumacala ahlukeneyo ukuvelisa imifanekiso ecacileyo nenemilinganiselo emithathu yentliziyo yakho, imithambo emikhulu edibana nayo, kunye nezicubu ezingqongileyo.

Oogqirha basebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bamva nje be-CT ukwenza olu vavanyo lwe-'Cardiac CT'. Ngamanye amaxesha, kufakwa ulwelo olukhethekileyo (umahluko we-intravenous (IV) contrast / dye) emthanjeni wakho. Oku kuvumela ulwakhiwo lwentliziyo kunye nemithambo yegazi edibene nayo ukuba ibonakale ngokucacileyo. Le ndlela yokuskena enezilayi ezininzi ivumela oogqirha ukuba bafumane imifanekiso ekumgangatho ophezulu kakhulu, enemilinganiselo emithathu yentliziyo yakho ehambayo kunye nemithambo yegazi emikhulu.

Yintoni enokufunyanwa yi-CT scan yentliziyo?

Ugqirha wakho angaqonda ngcono izinto ezininzi ngentliziyo yakho kolu vavanyo. Umzekelo:

• Imeko yemithambo yentliziyo ehambisa igazi entliziyweni yakho.
• Indlela amagumbi entliziyo, izihlunu zentliziyo, kunye neevalvu zentliziyo ezisebenza ngayo.
• Uhlobo lwemithambo yemiphunga .
• Ingaba kukho ingxaki nge -aorta yesifuba kwaye ngamanye amaxesha i-aorta yesisu .
• Ingxowa ekhuselayo ejikeleze intliziyo (i-pericardium) .

Ngenxa yokuba konke oku kubonakala ngokucacileyo kolu vavanyo, kuya kuba luncedo kakhulu kugqirha ukuba enze isigqibo esifanelekileyo malunga nempilo yentliziyo yakho.

Kufuneka nini i-cardiac CT scan?

I-CT scan yentliziyo inokubonelela ngedatha eneenkcukacha ezithe vetshe necacileyo kunezinye iimvavanyo zomfanekiso. Kukho izizathu ezahlukeneyo zokuba ugqirha wakho angayalela olu scan. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi:

• Fumanisa ukuba yintoni ebangela intlungu esifubeni sakho okanye ukuphefumla kancinci.
• Jonga imithambo yentliziyo yakho ukuba ayiqinanga , ayiqinanga , okanye ayivaleki.
• Hlola ukusebenza kweevalvu zentliziyo yakho.
• Jonga naziphi na iingxaki nge-aorta yakho, ezinje nge -aneurysms okanye ukuqhekeka kwemithambo yegazi .
• Utyando lwentliziyo oluvulekileyo okanyeCwangcisa utyando lwentliziyo olungenabungozi kangako/oluqhutywa yirobhothi.
• Cwangcisa iinkqubo ze-transcatheter/percutaneous valve .
• Cwangcisa iinkqubo zokususa i-arrhythmia xa kukho ukungahambelani kwesantya sentliziyo .
• Hlola iingxaki ezinokubakho emva kotyando okanye unyango olunjalo.
• Jonga ukuba unengxaki yentliziyo ozalelwe kuyo .
• Fumanisa ukuba kukho ithumba okanye isiqwenga entliziyweni okanye esijikeleze intliziyo kunye nokuba luhlobo luni na.
• Jonga ingxowa ejikeleze intliziyo (i-pericardium) ukuba akukho buninzi bolwelo (`ulwelo`) okanye i-calcium deposits (`i-calcification`).

Khawucinge nje, umalume wakho uhlala eneentlungu esifubeni, kwaye oogqirha abakwazi ukuqonda ukuba yintoni kanye kanye ebangela oku. Ngexesha elinje, i-'CT' scan ingakunika ulwazi oluninzi oluluncedo.

Ngubani owenza i-cardiac CT scan?

Uninzi lwexesha, ugqirha wakho wentliziyo uya kukucebisa ukuba wenze olu vavanyo lwe-CT scan yentliziyo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iqela elahlukileyo lezonyango kwindawo apho kwenziwa khona uvavanyo ukukunceda. Ngala:

• Iingcali: Aba ngabantu abasebenzisa i-CT scanner baze bafumane imifanekiso.
• Abahlengikazi: Ukuba kuyimfuneko, abahlengikazi baza kubeka umgca we-'IV' emthanjeni engalweni yakho baze bakunike amayeza.
• Oogqirha: Oogqirha bajonga iskeni, bahlalutye imifanekiso, baze banike ingxelo (`tolika iskeni`).

Ukuze ufumane olu vavanyo, kuya kufuneka uye esibhedlele okanye kwindawo ekhethekileyo kwi-"medical imaging".

Isebenza njani i-CT scan yentliziyo?

Kulula kakhulu. Njengoko ulele ebhedini yesikena, umsebe we-X-ray uyajikeleza ujikeleze wena. Kodwa awubetheki emzimbeni wakho. Usenokuva isandi esincinci sokubhonga okanye sokunqakraza njengoko umatshini usebenza. Ikhompyutha idibanisa le mifanekiso yesikena ukuze yenze umfanekiso wentliziyo yakho onemilinganiselo emithathu (3D).

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-MRI yentliziyo kunye ne-CT yentliziyo?

Usenokuba ukhe weva ngovavanyo lwe-MRI yentliziyo . Zombini i-MRI yentliziyo kunye ne-CT yentliziyo zinokuvelisa imifanekiso eneenkcukacha zentliziyo, kodwa kukho umahluko omncinci phakathi kwezi vavanyo zimbini. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi.

• Xa ungena ngaphakathi kumatshini, umatshini we-CT uvulekile ngakumbi kunomatshini we-MRI. Oku kuthetha ukuba abanye abantu baziva bexinene kancinci xa bengaphakathi kumatshini we-MRI.
• I-MRI scan ithatha ixesha elide kune-CT scan.
• I-CT scan isebenzisa imitha ye-X-ray , kodwa i-MRI ayisebenzisi imitha.
• Umatshini we-CT awuzoli kakhulu kunomatshini we-MRI.
• Ukuba unikwe i-contrast medium, i-CT scan isebenzisa i-contrast medium ene-iodine , ngelixa i-MRI isebenzisa i-contrast medium esekelwe kwi-gadolinium .

Ngoko ke, ngugqirha ogqibayo ukuba loluphi uphononongo olufanelekileyo kuwe.

Ndingazilungiselela njani ezi vavanyo?

Ufanele ulandele imiyalelo kagqirha wakho kanye ngosuku olungaphambi nangosuku lwe-CT scan yakho yentliziyo, malunga noko ukutyileyo nokuselayo, kunye namayeza omawuyeke ukuwasela.

Malunga nokutya neziselo

• Ngomhla wovavanyo, musa ukutya nantoni na iiyure ezine ukuya kwezintandathu ngaphambi kwexesha elicwangcisiweyo. Uvumelekile ukusela amanzi kuphela.
• Musa ukusela naziphi na iziselo ezine-caffeine ngosuku olungaphambi okanye ngosuku lovavanyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba akukho kofu, iti, okanye iziselo ezinika amandla.
• Musa ukusebenzisa iipilisi zamandla okanye zokunciphisa umzimba ngosuku olungaphambi okanye ngosuku lovavanyo. Ukuba unemibuzo malunga noku, buza ugqirha wakho.

Malunga namayeza

• Ukuba ungumntu oziva unexhala kwiindawo ezixineneyo, buza ugqirha wakho malunga nonyango olunokukugcina uzolile ngexesha lokuskena.
• Yazisa ugqirha wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyithathayo, kwanamayeza angagunyaziswanga ngugqirha.
• Musa ukuthatha iSildenafil (Viagra® okanye iRevatio®) okanye amayeza afanayo ngosuku olungaphambi okanye ngosuku lovavanyo, kuba la mayeza anokuchaphazela amayeza oza kuwanikwa ngexesha lovavanyo. Buza ugqirha wakho ngale nto.
• Ukuba unesifo seswekile , buza ugqirha wakho ukuba angawutshintsha njani amayeza akho ngomhla wovavanyo. Ukuba ucinga ukuba iswekile yakho egazini iphantsi, xelela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.

Yintoni onokuyilindela ngomhla wovavanyo?

Ngaphambi kokuba uhlolwe i-CT yentliziyo yakho, ugqirha wakho uya kufuna ukwazi ngezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Ukhulelwe ?
• Ngaba une-aleji kwi -iodine kunye/okanye kwi-shellfish , okanye kwamanye amayeza?
• Ngaba okwangoku ufumana unyango lwe-radiation ?
• Ukuba uneminyaka engaphezu kwama-60 ubudala , okanye ukhe waba neengxaki zezintso ngaphambili, kunokufuneka ukuba uhlolwe igazi ukuze kuhlolwe ukusebenza kwezintso zakho ngaphambi kokuba unikwe ulwelo lomahluko.

Ukulungiselela i-CT scan

• Khulula ubucwebe bakho uze ubushiye ekhaya.
• Izinto ezikhethekileyo ozinikwayo sisibhedleleKufuneka unxibe ilokhwe yesibhedlele.
• Mhlawumbi ugqirha angakunika iyeza elinciphisa isantya sentliziyo yakho .
• Ukuba unikwe ulwelo lombala ochaseneyo (oludayayo), umongikazi uza kufaka umgca we-IV emthanjeni engalweni yakho. Olu lwelo lulwelo olwenza imithambo yegazi kunye nentliziyo yakho zibonakale ngokucacileyo kwimifanekiso yeskeni.
• Uza kulaliswa ebhedini ekhethekileyo, kwaye ibhedi iya kuthuthwa kancinci iye kwindawo evulekileyo embindini we-CT scanner.
• Ugqirha uza kucoca malunga neendawo ezintathu zesifuba sakho aze azifake ii-electrode patches ezincinci nezinamathelayo. Ukuqinisekisa ukuba ezi electrodes zinamathela kakuhle, kunokufuneka uchebe ezinye zeenwele kuloo ndawo yesifuba sakho.
• Ezi electrode ziqhagamshelwe kwi-electrocardiogram (EKG) monitor , erekhoda umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo yakho ngexesha lovavanyo.
• Uza kucelwa ukuba ulale ebhedini yesikena iingalo zakho ziphezulu kwentloko yakho ude uvavanyo luphele. Intloko yakho nemilenze yakho ziya kuba ngaphandle kwesikena.

Okubaluleke kakhulu: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlala ungashukumi ngeli xesha kwaye ulandele imiyalelo ngononophelo. Kulapho kuphela apho uya kukwazi ukufumana imifanekiso ecacileyo.

Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lovavanyo?

I-CT scan epheleleyo yentliziyo ingathatha imizuzu engama-30 ukuya kwengama-60 , kuquka nexesha lokulungiselela. Nangona kunjalo, i-CT scan ngokwayo ithatha ixesha elide, malunga nemizuzu eli-10 ubuninzi .

• Uza kuziva iskena esimile okwedonathi singena ebhedini olele kuyo.
• Ukuba unikwa i-contrast fluid, umboneleli wezempilo uza kuyifaka nge-IV line yakho. Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive ufudumele kancinci njengoko i-fluid ihamba emzimbeni wakho. Abanye abantu banokufumana incasa yesinyithi emlonyeni wabo imizuzwana embalwa.
• Ukuze ufumane imifanekiso ecacileyo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uhlale ungashukumi kwaye ulandele imiyalelo ngokuchanekileyo .
• Ungathetha neqela lezempilo. Basenokukucela ukuba ubambe umphefumlo wakho okwethutyana .

Kwenzeka ntoni emva kovavanyo?

Emva kokuba ugqirha eqinisekisile ukuba banayo yonke imifanekiso abayifunayo, uza kuyisusa i-IV line yakho. Emva koko ungatshintsha ugoduke.

Emva kovavanyo, ungaqhubeka nemisebenzi yakho yesiqhelo uze utye uze usele. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba usele iyeza lokuthomalalisa, kuya kufuneka umntu eze akuthathe akuse ekhaya.

Ugqirha wakho uza kuthetha nawe ngeziphumo zovavanyo ngaloo mini okanye kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ezizayo.

Ngaba kukho naziphi na iingozi ngolu vavanyo?

I-CT scan yinkqubo engenamngcipheko mkhulu . Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu banokufumana iingxaki ezincinci ngolwelo oluchaseneyo okanye ezinye izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo kuvavanyo.

Iarhente yokwahlulahlula / idayi

• Amaxesha amaninzi, abanye abantu banokuba nempendulo engalunganga kwi-contrast fluid (edla ngokuba ne-iodine). Abanye abantu banokuba nokurhawuzelelwa, isicaphucaphu, ukuthimla, okanye ukurhawuzelelwa lusu emva kokuba ulwelo lufakwe kwi-injection. Ezi mpawu zihlala ziphela ngaphandle konyango. Nangona kunjalo, zinokulawulwa ngee -antihistamines, ii-steroids, kunye nee-histamine blockers .
• Kunqabile kakhulu ukuba kubekho i-allergy enzima (i-anaphylactic reaction) . Inokubangela ubunzima bokuphefumla. Oku kunokuba yingozi ebomini, ngoko ke kufuneka unyango olukhawulezileyo kunye namayeza ukulawula ezi mpawu.
• Ukuba unesifo seswekile okanye isifo sezintso , unokucelwa ukuba usele ulwelo olongezelelweyo emva kokuhlolwa ukuze ukhuphe i-iodine emzimbeni wakho.
• Ekubeni indlela yokwahlulahlula esetyenziswa kwi-cardiac CT scan inokungena kubisi lwakho lwebele , ukuba uncancisa, kungcono ukugalela ubisi lwebele ngaphambi kokuba ulugalele. Emva koko ungalunika umntwana wakho olo bisi usuku okanye ezimbini emva kolugalele.

Ukukhanya kwemitha

Ii-CT scanners zisebenzisa ii-X-reyi. Kukho umngcipheko omncinci kakhulu womhlaza ovela kule mitha ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ukuze ukhuseleke, ukuvezwa kwakho kwimitha kuyagcinwa kuncinci. Nangona kunjalo, ii-X-reyi zinokuba yingozi kwimveku esakhulayo, ngoko ke olu vavanyo alukhuthazwa ukuba ukhulelwe . Ukuba kuyimfuneko, ugqirha wakho uya kwenza amalungiselelo okukhusela umntwana wakho.

Amayeza okunciphisa izinga lentliziyo

Ukuba unikwe amayeza okunciphisa izinga lentliziyo yakho kuvavanyo, okanye ukuba unesifo esifana ne -asthma, ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwentliziyo, okanye isifo esingapheliyo semiphunga (COPD) , unokuba nobunzima bokuphefumla ngexesha lokuskena. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxelela ugqirha wakho ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi meko.

Zithini iziphumo? Kuthetha ukuthini oku?

Kunokubakho iintlobo ezimbini zeziphumo emva kokuskena: iziphumo eziqhelekileyo kunye neziphumo ezingaqhelekanga.

Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo

• Intliziyo yakho kunye nemithambo yegazi zibukeka ziqhelekile .
• I-calcium score yakho yi-zero (`0`). Oko kuthetha ukuba awunaso isifo semithambo yegazi yentliziyo , kwaye usemngciphekweni omncinci wokuba nesifo sentliziyo.

Iziphumo ezingaqhelekanga

• Kukho iidiphozithi zamafutha (i-plaque) kunye nokuncipha (i-stenosis) kwimithambo yentliziyo.
• Ukuba ne-calcium score ephezulu kuthetha ukuba une -coronary atherosclerosis .
• Ixabiso le-calcium eliyi- 100 okanye ngaphantsi libonisa iimpawu ezincinci zesifo semithambo yentliziyo.
• Ukuba ingaphezulu kwama-400 , oko kubonisa iimpawu ezixhaphakileyo zesifo semithambo yegazi.
• Ukuba iphakathi kwe-100 kunye ne-400 , kukho iimpawu zenqanaba eliphakathi.
• Rhoqo, inqanaba lakho le-calcium linikwa njengenqaku le-percentile , elikuxelela apho umi khona xa uthelekiswa nabanye abantu abaneminyaka yakho, isini, kunye nohlanga lwakho abaye bathatha uvavanyo.
• Umsebenzi wentliziyo okanye iivalvu azisebenzi ngokuqhelekileyo .
• Isifo sentliziyo - ukuqokelelwa kolwelo kwisingxobo esijikeleze intliziyo (`i-effusion`) kunye nokudumba kwe-pericardium (`i-pericarditis`).
• Kukho ithumba okanye ubunzima .
• Kukho ingxaki yentliziyo yokuzalwa .
• Umthambo wegazi ukhulisiwe (i-aneurysm) , ukrazukile (uqhekekile) , okanye unciphile (i-stenosis/coarctation) .

Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela ezi ziphumo kakuhle.

Ndifanele ndimtsalele umnxeba nini ugqirha?

Ukuba uziva ngathi usabela kwi-contrast fluid okanye amayeza owanikwe ngexesha lovavanyo, okanye ukuba awukafumani ziphumo ze-cardiac CT scan yakho emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa, fowunela ugqirha wakho.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Musa ukoyika i-cardiac CT scan okanye umatshini we-CT. Olu luvavanyo olungangenisi gazi olunika ugqirha wakho ulwazi oluninzi oluxabisekileyo malunga nokuba kwenzeka ntoni entliziyweni yakho kunye nezakhiwo zayo ezingqongileyo.

Ukuze ufumane iziphumo ezilungileyo, landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho malunga nokutya nokusela ngaphambi kovavanyo. Kwakhona, qiniseka ukuba uhlala ungashukumi kwaye ubambe umphefumlo wakho ngexesha lovavanyo.

Olu vavanyo lunokukuxelela okuninzi ngempilo yentliziyo yakho, ngoko ungathandabuzi ukulugqiba ukuba kuyimfuneko. Thetha nogqirha wakho ngayo nayiphi na imibuzo okanye iinkxalabo onokuba nazo.

Iskeni ye -CT yentliziyo, intliziyo, umthambo wentliziyo, iskeni, isifo sentliziyo, iskeni ye-CT, imifanekiso ye-3D