Ingakanani inqanaba le-chloride egazini lakho? Masithethe ngale nto ngokulula!

Ngaba wakha wavavanywa igazi? Ukuba kunjalo, mhlawumbi ukhe wabona into ebizwa ngokuba yi "Chloride" idweliswe kwingxelo yakho. Ngoko ke, oku kusenokuba yinto engaqhelekanga kubantu abaninzi. "Yintoni le chloride? Kutheni ihlolwa egazini lethu?" Ngaba wakha wazibuza into efanayo? Ngoko ke, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngale chloride kunye novavanyo lwegazi olunxulumene nayo ngendlela elula kakhulu onokuyiqonda. Njengokuthetha nomhlobo.

Yintoni i-chloride? Kutheni ibalulekile kuthi?

Ngamafutshane, i-chloride yinto ebaluleke kakhulu emizimbeni yethu. Ngokuchanekileyo, yi-electrolyte. Usenokuba ucinga, "Wow, yintoni i-electrolyte?" Ungakhathazeki, ndiza kuyigcina ilula.

Cinga nje, kukho iiminerali ezincinci emizimbeni yethu ezisinceda senze imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo ngokufanelekileyo. Ezi zinokuthwala itshaja encinci yombane xa inyibilikisiwe kulwelo. Yiyo loo nto siyibiza ngokuba yi "electrolytes". I-chloride yenye yazo. Ayisiyo chloride kuphela, kodwa nezinye "ii-electrolytes" ezibalulekileyo emizimbeni yethu yi "Sodium", "Potassium", kunye ne "Bicarbonate".

Ngoko ke, kunye nezi chloride kunye nezinye "ii-electrolytes", zilawula izinto ezininzi ezibalulekileyo emizimbeni yethu. Umzekelo:

• Inceda ukugcina ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo yethu yemithambo-luvo kunye nemisipha. Khawucinge nje, siyazidinga ezi zinto xa sixhawulana, sithetha, zonke ezi zinto.
• Ubungakanani bamanzi emzimbeni wethu, okanye ibhalansi yamanzi, kunceda ukugcina ibhalansi efanelekileyo yolwelo.
• Ezi zikwabaluleke kakhulu ekulawuleni ibhalansi ye-acid-base (okanye ibhalansi ye-pH) egazini. Kuphela xa oku kusenzeka apho iinkqubo zeekhemikhali emzimbeni wethu zisebenza ngokufanelekileyo.

Ngoko ke ungabona indlela ebaluleke ngayo i-chloride emizimbeni yethu. Ugqirha uza kujonga amanqanaba e-chloride egazini lakho ukuze abone ukuba la manqanaba asebenza kakuhle na. Olu vavanyo lunokunceda ekuchongeni iimeko ezithile zempilo. Umzekelo:

• Isifo sezintso
• Izifo zentliziyo ezifana nokusilela kwentliziyo
• Isifo sesibindi
• Igazi elonyukayo

Amanqanaba e-chloride anokutshintsha kwiimeko ezinje, yiyo loo nto oku kuhlolwa.

Luza kwenziwa nini uvavanyo lwe-chloride?

Akuqhelekanga ukuba ugqirha a-ode uvavanyo olwahlukileyo ukuze nje ajonge amanqanaba akho e-chloride. Rhoqo, olu vavanyo lwe-chloride luyinxalenye yephakheji enkulu yovavanyo ejonga ezinye izinto ezininzi egazini lakho ngaxeshanye. Usenokuba ukhe weva ngezi:

• Iphaneli yeMetabolic epheleleyo (CMP): Oku kujonga iswekile yegazi lakho, icalcium, iproteni, ukusebenza kwesibindi, kunye nokusebenza kwezintso, phakathi kwezinye izinto. I-chloride yenye yezi zinto.
• I-Basic Metabolic Panel (BMP): Olu luvavanyo oluncinci kancinci kune-CMP. Lujonga izinto ezifana neswekile, i-calcium, ii-electrolytes (kuquka i-chloride), kunye nomsebenzi wezintso.
• Iphaneli ye-Electrolyte: Oku ikakhulu kujonga amanqanaba e-electrolyte afana ne-chloride, i-sodium, i-potassium, kunye ne-bicarbonate.
• Iphaneli Yomsebenzi Wezintso (RFP): Oku ikakhulu kujongwa ukusebenza kwezintso. Kujongwa namanqanaba e-electrolyte.

Ngoko ke, uyabona, uvavanyo lwe-chloride yinxalenye nje yoluhlu lweemvavanyo ezihlala zenziwa ukuze kufunyanwe umbono wempilo yakho ngokubanzi.

Kutheni kufuneka ndenze olu vavanyo lwe-chloride?

Kukho izizathu ezahlukeneyo zokuba ugqirha angakucela ukuba wenze olu vavanyo lwe-chloride.

1. Njengenxalenye yovavanyo lwempilo oluqhelekileyo: Mhlawumbi unokuhlolwa okupheleleyo konyaka. Emva koko ugqirha angakunika uvavanyo olufana nolu (njenge-CMP, i-BMP ekhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla) ukuze abone ukuba yonke into emzimbeni wakho isebenza kakuhle na.

2. Ukuba uneempawu: Ugqirha wakho unokuyalela olu vavanyo ukuba ukrokrela ukuba kukho into engalunganga, ingakumbi ngebhalansi yakho yolwelo okanye ibhalansi ye-acid-base. Zithini ezi mpawu?

• Ukuba uhlanza rhoqo: Ukuba uhlanza amaxesha amaninzi ngemini, unokulahlekelwa lulwelo oluninzi kunye nee-electrolytes emzimbeni wakho.
• Ukuba unesifo sohudo: Ukuba isifo sohudo sinzima, kodwa siyafana.
• Ukudinwa: Ukuziva udiniwe ngalo lonke ixesha ngaphandle kwesizathu.
• Ukuba ubuthathaka: Izihlunu zakho zibuthathaka, kwaye uzive ungenakunceda kangangokuba awukwazi kwenza nto.
• Ukuba uziva ngathi awufumani manzi aneleyo, oko kukuthi, uphelelwe ngamanzi emzimbeni: umlomo wakho womile, uchama kancinci, kwaye ulusu lwakho lomile.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla: Ukuba ngequbuliso ufumana ubunzima bokuphefumla.

Khumbula, ugqirha uyalela olu vavanyo kuba ekhathalele impilo yakho, ngoko ke musa ukuyoyika ngokungeyomfuneko.

Yintoni kanye kanye enokufundwa kolu vavanyo?

Ugqirha uza kusebenzisa iziphumo zovavanyo lwe-chloride kunye nezinye iimvavanyo ze-electrolyte ukuze afumanise ukuba kukho ukungalingani kwibhalansi ye-acid-base yomzimba wakho okanye ibhalansi yolwelo. Oku kuthetha ukuba umzimba wakho une-acid eninzi kakhulu, ulula kakhulu, okanye awunamanzi aneleyo.

Ngaba kukho into ekhethekileyo ekufuneka ndiyenze ngaphambi kovavanyo?

Amaxesha amaninzi, ukuba une-chloride test enye kuphela okanye i-electrolyte panel enye kuphela,Akukho mfuneko yokulungiselela okukhethekileyo.

Nangona kunjalo, njengoko benditshilo ngaphambili, olu vavanyo lwe-chloride ludla ngokwenziwa njengenxalenye ye-"Basic Metabolic Panel - BMP" okanye "Comprehensive Metabolic Panel - CMP". Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ukuba uvavanya igazi lakho nezinye izinto (ezifana namanqanaba eswekile egazini), ungacelwa ukuba uzile ukutya iiyure ezimbalwa. Umzekelo, ukuba uza kunikela ngegazi kusasa, ugqirha wakho angakuxelela ukuba ungatyi okanye usele nantoni na emva kwentsimbi yesi-8 ebusuku ngaphambi kobusuku. Nangona kunjalo, ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela ngokucacileyo ukuba kufuneka ulandele nayiphi na imiyalelo ekhethekileyo. Ngoko ungakhathazeki ngayo. Yenza nje oko ugqirha wakho akuthethayo.

Yintoni omele uyilindele xa utsalwa igazi?

Abanye abantu banokuba nexhala malunga nokunikela ngegazi. Kodwa yinkqubo elula kakhulu nekhawulezayo. Nantsi into eyenzekayo:

1. Ngokwesiqhelo, umongikazi okanye ingcali ye-phlebotomist eqeqeshwe ngokukodwa ukutsala igazi iya kutsala igazi lakho.

2. Okokuqala, uza kukhetha umthambo olula ukutsala igazi engalweni yakho (ngesiqhelo ngaphakathi kwengqiniba yakho).

3. Emva koko hlamba loo ndawo kakuhle uze uyisule ngesibulali-ntsholongwane.

4. Ngoku kuza kufakwa inaliti encinci emthanjeni. Kule ndawo, uza kuziva urhawuzelelwa kancinci okanye uvakalelwa kukuba uyarhawuzelelwa. Phefumla nzulu kwaye uphumle.

5. Emva kokufaka inaliti, inani elincinci legazi lakho liya kuqokelelwa kwityhubhu yovavanyo.

6. Emva kokuthatha igazi elaneleyo lovavanyo, baza kususa inaliti baze babeke iqhekeza lomqhaphu okanye i-gauze phezu kwendawo leyo baze bayibambe apho okwethutyana. Ukopha kuya kuyeka.

7. Emva koko faka ibhandishi encinci kuloo ndawo. Yiyo loo nto! Umsebenzi wakho ugqityiwe.

Oku kungenziwa ngokukhawuleza nangokulula kunokuba ucinga.

Kwenzeka ntoni emva kokunikela ngegazi?

Emva kokuba isampuli yegazi lakho ithathiwe, ithunyelwa kwilabhoratri ukuze ivavanywe. Ilabhoratri iya kulinganisa amanqanaba e-chloride egazini lakho (kunye nezinye izinto, ezifana ne-CMP, ukuba zikhona).

Nje ukuba iziphumo zovavanyo zifike, ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela iinkcukacha. Ugqirha angakufowunela ukuze akuxelele, okanye akucele ukuba ubuye akubonise ingxelo aze ayichaze.

Zeziphi iinkcukacha eziqukiweyo kwingxelo?

Ingxelo yovavanyo lwe-chloride (kunye novavanyo oluninzi lwegazi) idla ngokuqulatha ulwazi olufana nolu:

• Igama lovavanyo: Oko kukuthi, yintoni ehlolwe egazini lakho (umz. iSerum Chloride).
• Isiphumo sakho: Oko kukuthi, ubungakanani be-chloride egazini lakho buboniswa njengenani.
• Uluhlu oluqhelekileyo: Oku kuthetha uluhlu lwamaxabiso aqhelekileyo afanele ukubakho kuloo vavanyo kumntu ophilileyo.
• Nokuba iziphumo zakho ziqhelekile okanye aziqhelekanga (ziphezulu okanye ziphantsi): Oku kukuvumela ukuba ubone ngokulula ukuba ixabiso lakho lingaphakathi okanye lingaphandle koluhlu oluqhelekileyo.

Kodwa, musa ukujonga nje amanani akwingxelo uze ufikelele kwizigqibo ngokukhawuleza, cela ugqirha akuchazele aze akuchazele indlela echaphazela ngayo impilo yakho.

Ingakanani inqanaba eliqhelekileyo le-chloride?

Uluhlu olwamkelekileyo ngokubanzi lwamanqanaba e-chloride egazini lomntu omdala luphakathi kwama-milliequivalents angama-96 kunye nama-106 ngelitha (mEq/L), okanye phakathi kwama-millimoles angama-96 kunye nama-106 ngelitha (mmol/L). Ezi ziiyunithi zokulinganisa, nokuba yi-mEq/L okanye i-mmol/L.

Kodwa nantsi into ebalulekileyo ekufuneka uyiqaphele. Olu luhlu oluqhelekileyo lunokwahluka kancinci ukusuka kwilabhoratri ukuya kwilabhoratri. Oko kukuthi, ukuba uluhlu oluqhelekileyo lwelabhoratri enye yi-96-106 mEq/L, olunye udidi lunokuba noluhlu olwahlukileyo kancinci, olufana ne-98-107 mEq/L. Oku kungenxa yomahluko omncinci kwizixhobo kunye neendlela abazisebenzisayo.

Ngoko ke, xa ufumana ingxelo yakho, uluhlu lwesalathiso saloo labhoratri ngokuqinisekileyo luya kudweliswa kwingxelo ngokwayo. Kuya kufuneka uthelekise ixabiso lakho nolo luhlu. Ukuba unemibuzo okanye amathandabuzo, qiniseka ukuba ubuza ugqirha wakho.

Ukuba ingxelo ithi i-chloride iphantsi, ingaba yintoni unobangela?

Ukuba ingxelo yakho ithi inqanaba lakho le-chloride lingaphantsi komlinganiselo oqhelekileyo (i-chloride ephantsi / i-hypochloremia), kusenokwenzeka ukuba kungenxa yeemeko ezininzi zempilo. Nazi imizekelo embalwa:

• Ukusilela kwentliziyo: Xa intliziyo ingasebenzi kakuhle, ukungalingani kwe-electrolyte kunokwenzeka ngenxa yezinto ezifana nokugcinwa kolwelo emzimbeni.
• Izifo zemiphunga, ezifana ne-emphysema: Ezinye izifo zemiphunga zinokutshintsha ibhalansi ye-acid-base yomzimba ngenkqubo yokuphefumla, zichaphazele amanqanaba e-chloride.
• Isifo sika-Addison: Le yingxaki yamahomoni echaphazela amadlala e-adrenal. Ikwabangela ukungalingani kwe-electrolyte.
• I-Metabolic alkalosis: Le yimeko apho amanqanaba e-bicarbonate (i-alkali) emzimbeni enyuka khona, nto leyo ekhokelela ekwandeni kwe-alkalinity egazini. Oku kunokuhamba nokwehla kwamanqanaba e-chloride.

Nangona kunjalo, kukho into ebaluleke kakhulu ekufuneka uyikhumbule apha. Amanqanaba aphantsi e-chloride akuthethi ukuba unesifo esinzima. Ngamanye amaxesha, amanqanaba e-chloride anokuba phantsi ngenxa yezizathu zexeshana ezifana namayeza esiwasebenzisayo (umz., amayeza okukhupha isisu), ukuhlanza kakhulu, okanye ukubila. Ngoko ke musa ukoyika kwaye uthethe nogqirha wakho.

Ukuba ingxelo ithi kukho i-chloride eninzi kakhulu, ingaba yintoni imbangela?

Ngokufanayo, ukuba ingxelo yakho ithi inqanaba lakho le-chloride lingaphezulu komlinganiselo oqhelekileyo (i-chloride ephezulu / i-hyperchloremia), kunokubakho izizathu ezahlukeneyo zoko:

• Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni: Xa ubungakanani bamanzi emzimbeni buncipha kakhulu, uxinano lwe-chloride egazini lunokwanda.
• Isifo sezintso: Xa izintso zingakwazi ukucoca nokususa i-chloride ngokufanelekileyo, inokuqokelelwa egazini.
• I-Cushing's syndrome: Le yimeko enxulumene neehomoni (i-cortisol hormone eyonyukileyo).
• I-Metabolic acidosis: Le yimeko apho umzimba uba ne-asidi eninzi. Oku kunokubangela amanqanaba aphezulu e-chloride.
• I-alkalosis yokuphefumla: Izinto ezifana nokuphefumla ngokukhawuleza zinokubangela ukuba i-carbon dioxide engaphezulu ikhutshwe egazini, kwaye amanqanaba e-chloride anokutshintsha ukuze ayilawule.

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe apha ngasentla, amanqanaba aphezulu e-chloride akuthethi ukuba kukho imeko embi yempilo. Amanqanaba e-chloride anokunyuswa okwethutyana ngenxa yezinto ezifana nokutya ukutya okunetyuwa eninzi, ukuthatha amayeza athile, okanye ukunika ityuwa eninzi.

Ngaba kufuneka ndikhathazeke ngamanqanaba e-chloride aphantsi okanye aphezulu?

Lo ngumbuzo abantu abaninzi abanawo. Kuqhelekile ukuba noloyiko, "Owu, ingxelo yam ithi i-chloride yam iphantsi/iphezulu, ngaba ndinayo into enzulu?"

Kodwa, khumbula ukuba ngenxa yokuba iziphumo zakho zovavanyo lwe-chloride zingaphezulu kancinci kuluhlu oluqhelekileyo, akuthethi ukuba unesifo esinzima.

Zininzi nezinye izinto ezichaphazela amanqanaba e-chloride. Umzekelo:

• Ukuba usela amanzi amaninzi: Anganciphisa igazi lakho kancinci aze abonakale ngathi alina chloride ingako.
• Ukuba ulwelo oluninzi lulahlekile emzimbeni ngenxa yokuhlanza okanye urhudo: Oku kunokubangela ukuba amanqanaba e-chloride ehle, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha abonakale ephezulu ngenxa yokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni.
• Amayeza athile: Amayeza athile, ingakumbi amachiza okuthintela isitshiso sentliziyo, amayeza okukhupha ulwelo, kunye nee-steroids, anokuchaphazela amanqanaba e-chloride.
• Isiphene esincinci esinokwenzeka xa kuthathwa igazi: Ngamanye amaxesha, notshintsho oluncinci kwindlela yokuthatha igazi lunokuba nefuthe elincinci kwisiphumo (kodwa oku kwenzeka rhoqo).

Ngoko ke, ugqirha wakho uza kujonga iziphumo zakho ze-chloride aze angazithathi nje njengenani, kodwa uza kuzithelekisa nezinye iziphumo zovavanyo lwakho, iimpawu zakho, amayeza owaselayo, kunye nembali yakho epheleleyo yempilo ukuze afikelele kwisigqibo.

Ugqirha usenokuthi, "Hayi, akukho nto imbi kangako, masiphinde sijonge emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa." Okanye, basenokuthi, "Masenze olunye uvavanyo ukuze sifumanise ukuba yintoni ebangela oku." Ngoko ke, thetha nogqirha wakho ngayo nayiphi na imibuzo, uloyiko, okanye iinkxalabo onazo. Lilungelo lakho.

Kuza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba ingxelo ifike?

Kwiimeko ezininzi, uza kufumana iziphumo zovavanyo lwakho lwe-chloride kwiintsuku ezimbini zomsebenzi emva kokuba unikele ngegazi. Ezinye iilabhoratri zinika iziphumo ngokukhawuleza, ngelixa ezinye zithatha ixesha elide. Oku kunokwahluka ngokwelabhoratri nganye.

Okokugqibela, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuziva unexhala kwaye usoyika xa iziphumo zovavanyo zibuya zingaqhelekanga. Nangona kunjalo, khumbula ukuba ukuba nje inqanaba lakho le-chloride liphantsi okanye liphezulu akuthethi ukuba unesifo esinzima kwaye kufuneka unyangwe ngokukhawuleza. Ezinye izinto ezininzi zinokuchaphazela oku. Ugqirha wakho ngumntu ofanelekileyo ukukuchazela oku kwaye akuxelele ukuba wenze ntoni emva koko, ukuba kuyimfuneko. Ngoko ke, ungoyiki okanye ungathandabuzi ukubuza ugqirha wakho imibuzo. Ukho ukukunceda.

Ezona zinto zibalulekileyo ekufuneka sizikhumbule kweli bali zezi:

Kulungile, masiphinde sichaze amanqaku abalulekileyo esiwathethileyo malunga novavanyo lwe-chloride:

• I-chloride yi-electrolyte ebalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kolwelo, i-acid-base, kunye nokusebenza kwemisipha emizimbeni yethu.
• Olu vavanyo ludla ngokwenziwa njengenxalenye yephakheji yezinye iimvavanyo zegazi ezijonga impilo yakho ngokubanzi.
• Amanqanaba aphantsi okanye aphezulu e-chloride awasoloko ebonisa imeko enzulu yempilo. Ezinye izinto ezininzi (ezifana nokutya, amayeza, ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni) zinokuchaphazela oku.
• Ugqirha wakho uza kuvavanya iziphumo zengxelo yovavanyo lwakho ngokuchanekileyo ngokuziqwalasela kunye nempilo yakho iyonke.
• Ukuba unemibuzo okanye amathandabuzo malunga neziphumo zovavanyo, qiniseka ukuba ubuza ugqirha wakho ukuba akucacisele.

Ngoko ke, ndiyathemba ukuba eli nqaku liphendule imibuzo yakho emininzi malunga novavanyo lwe-chloride. Hlala usempilweni!

I- chloride, uvavanyo lwegazi, ii-electrolytes, impilo, ukuxilongwa, i-serum chloride, uvavanyo lwegazi