Uyazi ukuba ngubani owenza ezi zinto zibalulekileyo emqaleni naselulwimini lwakho? Masithethe ngeGlossopharyngeal Nerve!

Sonke siyazi ukuba imizimba yethu inamalungu ahlukeneyo enza izinto ezahlukeneyo. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, zizinto ezincinci ezenza umahluko omkhulu. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngenye eyenza umsebenzi obalulekileyo emqaleni nasemlonyeni wethu buthule. Loo mthambo we-glossopharyngeal, okanye `(Glossopharyngeal Nerve)`.

Masiqale sibone, yintoni i-nerve?

Ngamafutshane, imithambo-luvo ifana neengcingo ezincinci ezihamba emizimbeni yethu. Ziyinxalenye yenkqubo yethu yemithambo-luvo. Imiyalezo yamakhemikhali kunye neyombane evela kwingqondo yethu (ekwabizwa ngokuba zii-neurons) ihamba ngale ngcingo iye kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba wethu. Zicinge njengeengcingo zefowuni. Le yindlela ingqondo enokuthetha ngayo kwaye itshintshiselane ngayo imiyalezo nezinye iindawo zomzimba.

Ngoko ke, yintoni le mithambo-luvo ye-glossopharyngeal?

I-glossopharyngeal nerve yeyesithoba (CN IX) kwimithambo-luvo elishumi elinesibini ephambili (ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-cranial nerves) ekhayeni lethu. Le mithambo-luvo ivela kwi-brainstem yethu. Ukusuka apho, idibana namalungu omzimba, izihlunu, kunye nezinye izakhiwo emlonyeni nasemqaleni wethu. Okubalulekileyo kukuba, le mithambo-luvo idibene, oko kuthetha ukuba ifumaneka kumacala omabini.

I-glossopharyngeal nerve iphelela entanyeni yethu, ngasemva komqala wethu. Inemisebenzi emininzi, enye yezona zibalulekileyo kukuncedisa kwinkqubo yokuginya. Okumangalisayo kukuba, le nerve yenye yemithambo-luvo embalwa emzimbeni wethu equlethe imicu evela kuzo zontathu iintlobo zemithambo-luvo:

• Iifayibha zokuhambisa umbane: Zinceda ekushukumiseni izihlunu, oko kukuthi, zinceda ekushukumiseni iifayibha zezihlunu.
• I-Parasympathetic: Xa siphumle kwaye singasebenzi, inceda izicubu zethu kunye namalungu ethu ukuba aphumle kwaye anciphise ukusebenza kwawo.
• Iifayibha zeemvakalelo: Zisinika iimvakalelo. Oko kukuthi, zisivumela ukuba sizive izinto ezifana nokungcamla, ukuchukumisa, kunye nobushushu.

Khawuthelekelele ukuba zingaphi imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo enokwenziwa yimithambo-luvo enye!

Zithini imisebenzi yeGlossopharyngeal Nerve?

Le mithambo-luvo inefuthe kwimisipha emininzi, amalungu omzimba, kunye neenkqubo zomzimba emqaleni wethu. Makhe sijonge ukuba zithini na:

• I-Carotid Sinus: Le yindawo encinci engenanto. Inceda ukuhamba kwegazi ukusuka engqondweni yethu ukuya kumthambo we-carotid, umthambo wegazi omkhulu entanyeni yethu. Ikwadlala indima ekulawuleni uxinzelelo lwegazi .
• Indlebe Ephakathi: Uyakhumbula na imvakalelo yokugcwala xa uneentlungu zendlebe okanye xa indlebe yakho izaliswe ngamanzi? Iintambo zeemvakalelo ezikule mithambo-luvo zisinceda sizive ezo mvakalelo kunye neentlungu.
• I-Parotid Gland: Le nerve ye-CN IX inceda ekunciphiseni ukuveliswa kwamathe emva kokuba sigqibile ukutya.
• Inxalenye yolwimi:I-glossopharyngeal nerve isinceda sinambithe umva wesithathu wolwimi lwethu.
• Imisipha yeStylopharyngeus: Le yimisipha emide ehla ecaleni komqala wethu. Le mithambo-luvo iqhagamshela kule misipha kwaye inceda ukuphakamisa i-larynx, eyibhokisi yelizwi lethu, kunye ne-pharynx ekufutshane. Yiyo le nto isenza sikwazi ukuginya.
• IiTonsils: Iifayibha zeemvakalelo ezikule nerve zisinceda ukuba sive iintlungu esizivayo xa sinomphimbo obuhlungu okanye xa iitonils zethu zidumba ngenxa yosulelo.

Iyintoni i-anatomy yale nerve? Oko kukuthi, ibekwe njani?

Umthambo we-glossopharyngeal uqala kwinxalenye esezantsi ye-brainstem yethu, ebizwa ngokuba yi-medulla oblongata . Emva koko udlula kwizakhiwo ezahlukeneyo entanyeni ukuya kufikelela kwi-pharynx.

Makhe sijonge indlela ethathwa yile mithambo-luvo:

• Iphuma ekhayeni ngesithuba esincinci esibizwa ngokuba yi-jugular foramen .
• Ihamba entanyeni kunye nomthambo wegazi obizwa ngokuba yi-jugular vein.
• Ngaphantsi kwendlebe, inkqubo ye-styloid, ithambo elitsolo ekhayeni, ibaleka ngasemva.
• Goba phambili uze uchukumise umsipha we-stylopharyngeus (kufutshane nomphimbo).
• Umsipha we-hyoglossus ubaleka ngaphantsi. Lo msipha nguwo onceda ekunciphiseni ulwimi lwethu nokulutsala ngasemva komlomo wethu.

Ziziphi iimeko ezichaphazela i-glossopharyngeal nerve?

Ngelishwa, kukho iimeko ezininzi ezinokuchaphazela le nerve ye-CN IX, ezinye zazo zinokuchaphazela nomgangatho wobomi bethu.

• I-Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia (GPN): Le yimeko apho kukho intlungu ebukhali, ehlabayo emqaleni, ngasemva kolwimi, okanye endlebeni ephakathi eyenzeka ngemisebenzi efana nokuthimla, ukuhlafuna ukutya, okanye ukuginya. Abanye abantu bade babe nobunzima bokutya ngenxa yokoyika ukuba intlungu ingabuya. Khawuthelekelele indlela okucaphukisa ngayo oko.
• I-Glossopharyngeal Nerve Palsy: Le meko inokwenzeka ukuba umsebenzi we-CN IX nerve uchatshazelwa yingozi okanye ukugula. I-nerve inokuba buthathaka okanye ingasebenzi ngokupheleleyo, oko kuthetha ukuba ayikwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wayo. Ngamanye amaxesha inokubakho njengesiphumo esibi semeko efana ne-stroke .

Ziziphi ezinye iimeko ezinokuchaphazela le mithambo-luvo?

Kukho nezinye iimeko, ngakumbi:

• Umhlaza kunye neethumba:
• Ubuchopho.
• Imilebe, ulwimi, kunye nezinye iindawo zomlomo.
• Inxalenye ephakathi yomqala (i-Oropharynx).
• Isiseko seKhakhayi.
• Iitoni.
• Ingxolo.
• Iingxaki ezivela kwiinkqubo zonyango:
• I-Carotid Endarterectomy: Olu lutyando lokususa amafutha kwi-carotid artery entanyeni. Lo mthambo unika igazi engqondweni yethu. Lo mthambo ukufutshane kakhulu ne-glossopharyngeal nerve. Ngoko ke, lo mthambo unokonakala ngexesha lotyando.
• Ukubekwa komoya kwiMask yeLaryngeal: Le yityhubhu efakwa ngoogqirha ngomlomo iye kwinxalenye ephezulu yomphimbo ngexesha lotyando lokubulala iintlungu, nokuba kukubonelela ngeoksijini okanye amayeza okuthomalalisa iintlungu. Le tyhubhu inokonakalisa izicubu ezibuthathaka emqaleni, kuquka nerve yeglossopharyngeal.
• Ukususwa kweetoni: Abanye abantu banokuba nesifo esibizwa ngokuba yiEagle Syndrome emva kokususwa kweetoni zabo. Oku kwenzeka xa ezinye izicwili zesilonda ezivela kutyando zibangela uxinzelelo kwimithambo-luvo yentloko ekufutshane. Oku kunokubangela intlungu emqaleni, entanyeni, okanye ezindlebeni.

Zingathintelwa njani ezi ngxaki zemithambo-luvo?

Enyanisweni, ezinye iimeko ezichaphazela umthambo we-CN IX zisenokungathintelwa. Umzekelo, iimeko ezifana ne-glossopharyngeal neuralgia zinokwenzeka ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba udinga unyango, njengotyando, kwingxaki yemithambo-luvo ye-CN IX, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhetha ugqirha onamava. Oogqirha abenza rhoqo uhlobo lotyando ofuna ukulwenza ngabona balungileyo.

Kwakhona, kukho izinto esinokuzenza ukuthintela ezinye iimeko, ezinje ngomhlaza womlomo nomphimbo. Nazi ezinye zezinto onokuzenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko wakho:

• Ukuba usebenzisa icuba, yeka ukutshaya.
• Ukunciphisa ubungakanani kunye nokuphindaphindwa kokusetyenziswa kotywala.
• Ukufumana isitofu sokugonya iHuman Papillomavirus (HPV) .
• Ukuphila ubomi obusempilweni ngokutya okunesondlo kunye nokwenza umthambo rhoqo .

Linini ixesha ekufuneka ubone ugqirha ngalo?

Bona ugqirha ukuba unale mpawu:

• Ubunzima bokuginya (i-Dysphagia).
• Ukuba uziva ubunzima okanye ungakwazi ukuvula umlomo wakho.
• Ukuba umlomo wakho womile.
• Ukuba uziva ngathi ulahlekelwe yimvakalelo ngasemva komlomo wakho.
• I-gag reflex, ephendula xa kukho into ekrwitshayo ngasemva komphimbo, ibuthathaka okanye ayikho. (Oku kunokuba nzima ukuba ukuqonde, kodwa ugqirha angakujonga.)

Ukuba uneempawu ezinje, kungcono ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha kunokuzityeshela.

Ngoko ke, yintoni eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekufuneka uyikhumbule kwinto esithethe ngayo? (Umyalezo Wokubuyela Ekhaya)

I-Glossopharyngeal Nerve (CN IX) yimithambo-luvo ebaluleke kakhulu enika amalungu omzimba, izihlunu, kunye nezinye izakhiwo emlonyeni nasemphinjeni wethu. Le mithambo-luvo isinceda sinambithe ukutya size sive iintlungu emqaleni wethu. Le mithambo-luvo ingonakala ngezizathu ezahlukeneyo, ezinje ngomhlaza kunye neengxaki ezivela kwiinkqubo zonyango. Nangona kunjalo, singayinciphisa le ngozi ngokuphila ubomi obusempilweni kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, sifune unyango koogqirha abanamava. Ngoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela le nxalenye incinci kodwa ibaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wakho.

I- glossopharyngeal nerve, inkqubo yemithambo-luvo, umphimbo obuhlungu, ubunzima bokuginya, imithambo-luvo yentloko, i-CN IX, i-neuropathy