Ingaba unamaqhuma esidleleni sakho? Masithethe ngeParotid Gland!

Namhlanje siza kuthetha nge-gland ebaluleke kakhulu emlonyeni wethu evelisa amathe kwaye ngamanye amaxesha inokubangela iingxaki ezincinci. Le yinto esiyibiza ngokuba yi-Parotid Gland. Usenokuba awuzange uve ngeli gama, kodwa linceda kakhulu kwimpilo yomlomo wethu kunye nokugaya ukutya.

Yintoni iParotid Gland? Iphi?

Ngamafutshane, i-parotid gland yenye yezona glands zethu ziphambili zamathe. Unezi gland ezimbini, enye kwicala ngalinye leendlebe zakho. Ziphambi kweendlebe zakho, zisezantsi kancinci. Zifana neengxowa ezincinci. Umsebenzi ophambili wezi gland kukuvelisa amathe. Uyazi, ukubaluleka kwamathe ukugcina imilomo yethu imanzi, ukusinceda sihlafune ukutya kwethu, nokusinceda sigaye ukutya kwethu. Ukongeza kwi-parotid glands, kukho ezinye ii-glands ezivelisa amathe phantsi kolwimi lwethu ('ii-sublingual glands') nangaphantsi komhlathi wethu ('ii-submandibular glands'). Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha ezi gland ze-parotid zinokuba nengxaki encinci. Ii-gland zinokudumba, zinokosuleleka - oogqirha bakwabiza oku ngokuba yi-'parotitis' - kwaye abanye abantu banokude babe 'nee-tumor'. Ukuba oko kuyenzeka, oogqirha badla ngokunika amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane , bafake ii-compress ezifudumeleyo, baze bahlikihle i-gland. Kwezinye iimeko ezinzima, utyando, unyango lwe-radiation, kunye ne-chemotherapy kunokufuneka.

Yintoni kanye kanye umsebenzi weParotid Gland?

Ezi glands ze-parotid zenza umsebenzi omninzi kunokuba unokucinga.

• Ezi glands zivelisa uhlobo oluthile lwamathe olumanzi, olufana namanzi.
• Ayipheleli apho, kodwa ikwakhupha i-enzyme ekhethekileyo ebizwa ngokuba yi-'amylase'. Yiyo le nto iqala ukugaywa kwesitatshi ekutyeni esikutyayo.

Ngoko ke, le ncindi ibaluleke kakhulu kwimpilo yomlomo wethu nakwimpilo yomzimba wonke. Jonga okwenzekayo ngale ncindi:

• Gcina umlomo wakho umanzi ngamaxesha onke.
• Inceda kwinkqubo yokugaya ukutya.
• Inciphisa iintsholongwane eziyingozi emlonyeni.
• Ikwanceda ekukhuseleni ukubola kwamazinyo (iimbobo).

Into emangalisayo ngeParotid Gland!

Ubusazi? Ngokwesiqhelo, malunga ne-10% yamathe apheleleyo emlonyeni wakho avela kwezi glands ze-parotid. Nangona kunjalo, xa usitya, eli nani liyanda liye kuma-25%! Cinga ngokubaluleka kwalo, indlela elinceda ngayo ekugayeni ukutya ngokufanelekileyo.

Ziphi kanye kanye iiParotid Glands?

Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, la madlala mabini afumaneka ngezantsi kwaye aphambi kancinci kweendlebe zakho. Amathe avela kwi-parotid gland angena emlonyeni wakho ngetyhubhu encinci ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Stensen's duct'. Isiphelo sale tyhubhu sivulekela kumhlathi wakho ongaphezulu kufutshane ne-molars yakho. Amanye amathe ethu amakhulu, i-'sublingual' kunye ne-'submandibular', aqhagamshelwe kwenye ityhubhu ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Wharton's duct'. Oku kukhupha amathe phantsi kolwimi lwakho, ukuya ezantsi komlomo wakho.

Ibonakala njani i-parotid gland?

Oku kujongeka njengephiramidi ejonge phantsi, ibanzi phezulu kwaye incipha ezantsi.

• Inxalenye ephezulu iqala ibanzi ize ibe ncinci kancinci njengoko umhlathi ongezantsi usondela.
• Kukho ii-lymph nodes ezigquma umphandle we-gland.
• Icala elingaphakathi libonakala linzulu kancinci, njengoko lixhomekeke kumhlathi nakwimisipha ye-masseter (isihlunu esikhulu esinceda ekuhlafuneni ukutya) esidleleni.
• Enye into ebaluleke kakhulu kukuba 'i-facial nerve' (eyaziwa ngokwezonyango njenge -cranial nerve VII), elawula iintshukumo zobuso bethu, idlula kule gland. Le nerve yahlula i-gland ibe ngamacandelo amabini, i-'superficial lobe' (i-outer lobe) kunye ne-'deep lobe' (i-inner lobe).

Ngowuphi umbala wale gland? Ingakanani ubukhulu bayo? Ingakanani ubunzima bayo?

• Umbala: I-gland inombala otyheli ngokwenene, kodwa ijikelezwe zizicubu ezidityanisiweyo ezipinki.
• Ubungakanani: Le yeyona gland inkulu yamathe esinayo. Idla ngokuba malunga neesentimitha eziyi-5.8 ubude kwaye imalunga neesentimitha eziyi-3.4 ububanzi.
• Ubunzima: Ubunzima obuqhelekileyo bumalunga ne-14.28 grams.

Kutheni le nto la madlala e-parotid evuvukala? Zithini izizathu?

Abantu abaninzi banengxaki yokudumba kunye nentlungu kwindawo yesidlele sakho. Kunokubakho izizathu ezininzi zoku. Makhe sijonge ezona ziphambili:

• I-Sialolithiasis : Ngamafutshane, oku kukwakheka kwamatye amancinci (i-calculi, okanye i-calcium deposits) ngaphakathi kwimibhobho yamathe. La matye avimba ukuhamba kwamathe, nto leyo ebangela ukuba i-gland idumbe kwaye ibe buhlungu. Le ntlungu iba mandundu ngakumbi xa usitya, njengoko oku kubangela ukuba kuveliswe amathe amaninzi.
• I- Sialadenitis : Olu luhlobo losulelo lwe-parotid gland. Oku kunokwenzeka ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Kungabangelwa ngamatye akhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla, okanye kunokubangelwa yibhaktheriya, okanye kunokubangelwa yintsholongwane. Umzekelo, 'usulelo lwe-staph' kunye ne-'mumps virus' zinokubangela le meko.
• Iithumba ze-Parotid Gland:Ezi thumba zinokukhula nakweyiphi na indawo yedlala. Nangona kunjalo, umhlathi usaphilile, kwaye ubuso budumbile. Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba uninzi lwale thumba alunamhlaza. Oko kuthetha ukuba azinabungozi. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ithuba elincinci lokuba ithumba elinomhlaza likhule.
• Umhlaza we-Parotid Gland: Umhlaza we-salivary gland ngokwenene awuqhelekanga xa uthelekiswa nezinye iintlobo zomhlaza. Umzekelo, i-mucoepidermoid carcinoma kunye ne-adenoid cystic carcinoma. Zibandakanya phakathi kwe-6% kunye ne-8% yazo zonke iintlobo zomhlaza wentloko nentamo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ufumana olu hlobo lomhlaza, kubalulekile ukufumana unyango ngokukhawuleza. Ngaphandle koko, iiseli zomhlaza zinokusasazeka ziye kwi-lymph nodes.

Zithini iimpawu ze-parotid gland evalekileyo?

Amaxesha amaninzi, iimpawu zengxaki kwi-parotid gland ziyafana. Jonga ukuba unayo na kwezi:

• Ukudumba kobuso nomhlathi.
• Intlungu (ngamanye amaxesha le ntlungu iba mandundu emva kokutya).
• Ifiva.

Ziziphi iimvavanyo ezikhoyo zokujonga impilo ye-parotid gland?

Njengakwezinye izifo, into yokuqala oyenzayo xa usiya kugqirha kukwenza uvavanyo lomzimba. Ii-parotid glands zakho ziya kutsalwa ukuze kuhlolwe iintlungu kunye nokudumba. Ukuba ugqirha ukrokrela ukuba kukho into engalunganga, uya kuyalela ezinye iimvavanyo. Ezi ziquka:

• I-Needle biopsy: Oku kuquka ukuthatha isampuli encinci yolwelo oluvela kwi-parotid gland kusetyenziswa inaliti encinci. Luthunyelwa kwilabhoratri ukuze kubonwe ukuba yintoni ingxaki.
• Uvavanyo lokufota: Ezi ziiskeni ezahlukeneyo ezinokubona ngokucacileyo ngaphakathi kwedlala. Usenokucelwa ukuba wenze i-MRI, i-ultrasound, okanye i-CT scan.

Ziziphi iindlela eziqhelekileyo zonyango lwezifo zeParotid Gland?

Unyango luxhomekeke kwisizathu sengxaki yakho. Umzekelo:

• Ukuba indlala idumbile ngenxa yosulelo lwebhaktheriya, ugqirha usenokunika amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane.
• Ukuba amatye anamathele kwimibhobho yamathe, ugqirha unokucebisa ukuba kusetyenziswe i-facial massage okanye isiselo esimuncu njenge-lime toffee. Oku kuya kwandisa ukuveliswa kwamathe, nto leyo enokunceda ukuba amatye aphume. Ukuba la matye awancedi, amayeza akhethekileyo anokunikwa ukwandisa ukuhamba kwamathe. Ukuba la mayeza angengotyando awancedi, kunokufuneka utyando ukuze kususwe amatye.
• Ukuba kukho iithumba kwi-parotid gland, kwenziwa utyando olubizwa ngokuba yi-parotidectomy. Oku kubandakanya ukususa inxalenye okanye yonke i-gland.
• Abantu abanomhlaza we-parotid gland banokufuna utyando ukuze kususwe i-gland kunye/okanye i-chemotherapy kunye/okanye unyango lwe-radiation.

Indlela yokunyanga i-parotid gland evuvukileyo?

Ukuba i-parotid gland yakho idumbile, ungoyiki. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukufunxa into efana ne-sour toffee okanye iqhekeza lelamuni kunokunceda. Oku kuya kwandisa ukuveliswa kwamathe kwaye kuncede ekususeni nayiphi na inkunkuma ebambeke kumbhobho.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba le ngxaki iyaqhubeka ixesha elingaphezu kosuku olunye okanye ezimbini, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha. Nguye onokufumanisa unobangela wokudumba aze akunike isicwangciso sonyango esifanelekileyo kuwe.

Ndingazigcina njani ii-parotid glands zam ziphilile?

Ukuze ugcine amadlala akho e-parotid esempilweni, eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuqinisekisa ukuba uvelisa amathe aneleyo ukugcina umlomo wakho umanzi. Nazi iingcebiso ezimbalwa zokukunceda wenze loo nto kanye:

• Sela amanzi amaninzi yonke imihla. Zama ukusela ubuncinane iilitha ezimbini zamanzi ngosuku.
• Hlafuna itshungama engenaswekile. Oku kukhuthaza ukuveliswa kwamathe.
• Zama iilekese ezingenaswekile, ingakumbi ezimuncu.
• Kuphephe ukutshaya ngokupheleleyo. Ukutshaya akubi yingozi kuphela kumadlala amathe, kodwa nakomzimba wonke.
• Nciphisa ukutya kwakho iziselo ezine-caffeine ezifana nekofu, iti, kunye notywala kangangoko unako. Ezi zinokomisa umlomo wakho.
• Abanye abantu baneemeko ezinciphisa ukuveliswa kwamathe emlonyeni wabo. Kubantu abanjalo, ungabuza ugqirha wakho ngezinto zokufakelwa amathe ukuba kuyimfuneko.

Khumbula, asinakusoloko sithintela iingxaki ze-parotid gland ukuba zingaveli. Nangona kunjalo, ungayinciphisa kakhulu ingozi ngokulandela la manyathelo alula akhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla.

Okokugqibela, umyalezo oya ekhaya:

Njengoko ubona, ii-parotid glands zidlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu kwimpilo yomlomo wethu nakwinkqubo yokugaya ukutya. Ukuba wakha waba ne-parotid gland evuvukileyo okanye eyosulelekileyo, nceda ungayityesheli kwaye ubone ugqirha. Uninzi lwexesha, i-parotid gland evuvukileyo inokunyangeka ngonyango olulula ngaphandle kotyando. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, utyando lunokufuneka. Ke ngoko, ukuba unemibuzo okanye iinkxalabo malunga ne-parotid gland yakho, ungathandabuzi ukuthetha nogqirha wakho kwaye ulungiselele isisombululo. Hlala uphilile!

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Iindlala zamathe, i-Parotid gland, i-Parotid gland, ukudumba kwehlathi, i-Saliva, i-Sialolithiasis, i-Sialadenitis, umhlaza we-Parotid