Konke ofuna ukukwazi malunga novavanyo lwe-thyroxine (T4)!

Ngaba wakha weva nge-thyroid gland? Mhlawumbi ugqirha wakho ukucele ukuba wenze uvavanyo olubizwa ngokuba yi-T4. Ngoko ke, yintoni le T4? Kutheni kwenziwa olu vavanyo? Mhlawumbi unemibuzo efana nale. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngolu vavanyo lwe-T4 ngendlela elula onokuyiqonda.

Yintoni uvavanyo lwe-T4 (thyroxine)?

Ngamafutshane, uvavanyo lwe-T4 (thyroxine) luvavanyo olubalulekileyo lwegazi olujonga ukuba i-thyroid gland yakho isebenza kakuhle kangakanani. Lunokunceda ekufumaneni izifo ezinxulumene ne-thyroid.

Khawucinge nje, i-thyroid gland yi-gland encinci efana nebhabhathane ekwi-front yentamo yakho, ngaphezulu nje kwe-collarbone yakho. Iyinxalenye yenkqubo ye-endocrine yomzimba wethu. Yi-gland eyenza ii-hormone ze-thyroid kwaye izikhuphele egazini. Ezi hormone emva koko zihamba ngegazi kwaye zichaphazele amalungu ahlukeneyo emzimbeni wethu.

I-Thyroxine, ekwaziwa ngokuba yi -T4 , yeyona hormone ininzi ekhutshwa yi-thyroid gland yakho. Ukuba ubungakanani be-T4 egazini lakho buphezulu okanye buphantsi, oko kungaba luphawu lwesifo se-thyroid.

Oogqirha bavavanya amanqanaba e-T4 ngokuthatha isampuli yegazi. Le thyroxine (T4) iza ngeendlela ezimbini:

• I-Bound T4: Oku kuxhomekeke kwiiproteni, ngoko ke akunakungena lula kwizicwili zomzimba.
• I-T4 yasimahla: Le yi-T4 "yasimahla" engena kwizicwili zomzimba ize yenze umsebenzi wayo.

Ngoko ke, kukho iimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo ezilinganisa amanqanaba e-T4. Uvavanyo lwegazi olulinganisa zombini i-T4 ekhululekileyo kunye ne-T4 ebotshiweyo lubizwa ngokuba luvavanyo lwe-T4 iyonke . Ezinye iimvavanyo zegazi zilinganisa i-T4 ekhululekileyo kuphela. Enyanisweni, oogqirha badla ngokusebenzisa uvavanyo lwe-T4 ekhululekileyo ukujonga umsebenzi we-thyroid kuba luchanekile ngakumbi kunovavanyo lwe-T4 iyonke.

Ugqirha wakho kusenokwenzeka ukuba enze uvavanyo lwe-TSH (iHormone evuselela iThyroid) kunye novavanyo lwakho lwe-T4. I-TSH yihomoni eveliswa yi -pituitary gland yakho. Le TSH ivuselela i-thyroid gland yakho ukuba ivelise iihomoni ze-T4 kunye ne -T3 (triiodothyronine) .

Enyanisweni, eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuvavanya ukusebenza kwe-thyroid kukusebenzisa uvavanyo lwe-TSH. Xa zidityaniswe novavanyo lwe-TSH, uvavanyo lwe-T4 lunokubonelela ngomfanekiso ochanekileyo wokusebenza kwe-thyroid. Kusenokungabi yimfuneko ukulinganisa amanqanaba e-T4 kuzo zonke iimeko ze-thyroid.

Kukho amanye amagama amaninzi ovavanyo lwe-T4:

• I-thyroxine yasimahla
• Uxinaniso lwe-T4 iyonke
• Isikrini seThyroxine
• Uxinzelelo lwe-T4 yasimahla
• Isalathisi se-T4 sasimahla (i-FTI)

Yintoni i-thyroxine (T4) kwaye yintoni eyenzayo?

I-Thyroxine (T4), eyaziwa ngokuba yi- tetraiodothyronine , yeyona hormone iphambili ekhutshwa egazini yi-thyroid gland yakho. I-thyroid gland ikwakhupha inani elincinci le-hormone ebizwa ngokuba yi -triiodothyronine (T3) . Ngenxa yokuba i-T4 kunye ne-T3 zisebenza kunye, zombini zibizwa ngokuba "zii-thyroid hormones."

Ngoku, khangela, iihomoni ziikhemikhali ezilawula imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo emizimbeni yethu. Zithwala imiyalezo ngegazi ukuya kumalungu ethu, kwimisipha, nakwezinye izicwili. Ezi mpawu zixelela imizimba yethu into emayenze kunye nexesha emayenze ngalo.

I-T4 ekhutshwa yi-thyroid gland yakho ayisebenzi , oko kuthetha ukuba ayichaphazeli ngqo iiseli zomzimba wakho. Nangona kunjalo, isibindi sakho kunye nezintso ziguqula uninzi lwale thyroxine ibe yi -triiodothyronine (T3) , i-hormone esebenzayo echaphazela iiseli zomzimba wakho.

Xa zizonke, i-T4 kunye ne-T3 zilawula imisebenzi emininzi ebalulekileyo emzimbeni wethu. Nazi imizekelo embalwa:

• Izinga le-metabolic: Eli lizinga apho ukutya okutyayo kuguqulwa kube ngamandla.
• Umsebenzi wentliziyo kunye nenkqubo yokugaya ukutya.
• Ulawulo lwemisipha.
• Uphuhliso lobuchopho.
• Ukugcinwa kwamathambo.

I-thyroxine yokwenziwa

Oogqirha banika uhlobo lwe-thyroxine oluyilwe ngokwenziwa olubizwa ngokuba yi-levothyroxine ukunyanga i-hypothyroidism , imeko apho i-thyroid gland ingasebenzi kakuhle. Inganikwa kunye notyando kunye nezinye iindlela zonyango zeentlobo ezithile zomhlaza we-thyroid.

Kutheni ndifuna uvavanyo lwe-T4 (thyroxine)?

Oogqirha basebenzisa uvavanyo lwe-T4 ukuvavanya ukuba i-thyroid yakho isebenza kakuhle kangakanani. Nazi ezinye zezizathu zokuba ugqirha wakho angayalela uvavanyo lwe-T4 (ukongeza kuvavanyo lwe-TSH):

• Ukuba uneziphumo zovavanyo lwe -thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) ezingaqhelekanga, phanda ngakumbi.
• Chonga i-hyperthyroidism ( i-thyroid gland esebenza kakhulu) okanye i-hypothyroidism (i-thyroid gland engasebenzi kakuhle).
• Ukuba usebenzisa unyango lokutshintshwa kwehomoni ye-thyroid (amayeza), jonga amanqanaba akho e-T4.
• Ukuhlola iintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa ukuze zibone ukuba azinayo i-hypothyroidism.
• Hlola ezinye iimeko ezifana ne -goiter ( iqhubu lentamo), amaqhubu e-thyroid ( amaqhubu kwi-thyroid gland), kunye neengxaki kwi -pituitary gland yakho okanye kwi-hypothalamus .
• Jonga ukuba amanqanaba e-hormone ye-thyroid aphantsi na ngenxa yesizathu esinxulumene ne-pituitary (i-central hypothyroidism).

Kwakhona, oogqirha bayalela uvavanyo lwe-T4 lwasimahla rhoqo kunovavanyo lwe-T4 iyonke . Kwezinye iimeko ezikhethekileyo, njengangexesha lokukhulelwa, uvavanyo lwe-T4 iyonke lunokufuneka endaweni yovavanyo lwe-T4 lwasimahla.

Ngubani owenza uvavanyo lwegazi lwe-T4 (thyroxine)?

Ngokwesiqhelo, ingcali ye-phlebotomist yenza ukutsala igazi, oku kukwakukuthatha igazi lovavanyo lwegazi lwe-T4. Nangona kunjalo, nawuphi na umsebenzi wezempilo oqeqeshwe ukutsala igazi angakwenza oku. Emva koko bathumela isampuli yegazi kwilebhu. Apho, isazinzulu selabhoratri yezonyango silungiselela isampuli size siyivavanye sisebenzisa oomatshini ababizwa ngokuba zii-analyzers .

Ndingayilungiselela njani uvavanyo lwe-T4 (thyroxine)?

Akufuneki wenze nantoni na ekhethekileyo kuvavanyo lwe-T4. Nangona kunjalo, ngokuxhomekeke kwisizathu sovavanyo, kunokufuneka uyeke ukuthatha amayeza athile okanye izongezo. Nangona kunjalo, ugqirha wakho uya kukunika imiyalelo ethile malunga noku.

Kubalulekile: I-Biotin sisongezelelo esithengiswa ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha esinokubangela ukuba uvavanyo lwe-thyroid lubonakale lungaqhelekanga, nokuba luqhelekile ngokwenene. Ke ngoko, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uyeke ukuthatha izongezo ze-biotin kwiintsuku ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-5 ngaphambi kovavanyo lwegazi olunxulumene ne-thyroid .

Yintoni onokuyilindela ngexesha lovavanyo lwegazi lwe-T4 (thyroxine)?

Xa uvavanywa igazi okanye utsalwa igazi lakho, ungalindela izinto ezifana nezi:

• Uza kuhlala esitulweni. Emva koko ingcali ye-phlebotomist iza kujonga iingalo zakho ize ikhethe umthambo ofikeleleka lula. Oku kuhlala kungaphakathi kwengalo yakho, ngasemva nje kwengqiniba yakho.
• Nje ukuba kufunyenwe umthambo, loo ndawo iyacocwa ize ibulawe iintsholongwane.
• Emva koko kufakwa inaliti encinci emthanjeni wakho kwaye kuthathwa isampuli yegazi. Usenokuziva urhawuzelelwa kancinci ngeli xesha.
• Emva kokuba inaliti ifakiwe, igazi elincinci liqokelelwa kwityhubhu yovavanyo.
• Emva kokuba isampuli yegazi iqokelelwe, inaliti iyasuswa kwaye isiqwenga sekotoni okanye i-gauze sibekwe phezu kwendawo ukuze kumiswe ukopha.
• Emva koko kufakwa ibhandishi kuloo ndawo. Emva koko umsebenzi wakho ugqityiwe.

Le nkqubo yonke idla ngokuthatha ngaphantsi kwemizuzu emihlanu .

Yintoni onokuyilindela emva kovavanyo lwe-T4 (thyroxine)?

Emva kokuba ingcali yegazi ithathe isampuli yegazi lakho, lithunyelwa kwilebhu ukuze livavanywe. Nje ukuba iziphumo zovavanyo zifike, ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela iziphumo.

Zithini iingozi zovavanyo lwegazi lwe-T4 (thyroxine)?

Uvavanyo lwegazi luyinto eqhelekileyo neyimfuneko xa kusenziwa uvavanyo lwezonyango. Iingozi zovavanyo lwegazi lwe-T4 zincinci kakhulu . Unokufumana imikrwelo okanye iintlungu apho igazi litsalwa khona, kodwa oku kuya kukhawuleza kuphele.

Ndiza kuzazi nini iziphumo zovavanyo lwam lwe-T4 (thyroxine)?

Kwiimeko ezininzi, kufuneka ufumane iziphumo zovavanyo lwakho lwe-T4 kwiintsuku ezimbini zomsebenzi . Nangona kunjalo, kungathatha ixesha elide.

Zithini iziphumo zovavanyo lwe-T4 (thyroxine)?

Iingxelo zovavanyo lwegazi, kuquka iingxelo zovavanyo lwe-T4, zihlala ziqulathe olu lwazi lulandelayo:

• Igama lovavanyo lwegazi okanye oko kwalinganiswa egazini lakho.
• Inani okanye umlinganiselo weziphumo zovavanyo lwakho lwegazi.
• Lelo linqanaba eliqhelekileyo lokulinganisa uvavanyo.
• Ulwazi olubonisa ukuba iziphumo zakho ziqhelekile okanye aziqhelekanga, okanye ziphezulu okanye ziphantsi.

Zithini ii-T4 zasimahla eziqhelekileyo?

Amanqanaba aqhelekileyo e-T4 yasimahla ayahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwiminyaka yakho . Ngokubanzi, amanqanaba aqhelekileyo e-T4 yasimahla kubantu abaphilileyo ngala alandelayo:

• Abantwana ukuya kuthi ga kwiminyaka emi-5: 0.8 – 2.8 nanograms ngedesilitha nganye (ng/dL)
• Abantwana abaneminyaka eyi-6 ukuya kweli-15 ubudala: 0.8 – 2.1 ng/dL
• Amadoda akwishumi elivisayo aneminyaka eli-16 ukuya kweli-17 ubudala: 0.8 – 2.8 ng/dL
• Abasetyhini abakwishumi elivisayo abaneminyaka eli-16 ukuya kweli-17 ubudala: 0.8 – 1.5 ng/dL
• Abantu abadala abangaphezu kweminyaka eli-18 ubudala: 0.9 – 1.7 ng/dL

Qaphela: Uluhlu oluqhelekileyo lwe-T4 yasimahla lunokwahluka kancinci phakathi kweelebhu. Qiniseka ukuba ujonga uluhlu lwereferensi ukuze ufumane iziphumo zakho, njengoko zidweliswe kwingxelo yakho yelebhu. Ukuba unemibuzo malunga neziphumo zakho, buza ugqirha wakho.

Kuza kwenzeka ntoni xa amanqanaba e-T4 (thyroxine) enyuka kakhulu?

Ukuba amanqanaba akho e-T4 okanye e-T4 akhululekileyo aphezulu kunesiqhelo, oko kunokuba luphawu lwemeko ebizwa ngokuba yi -thyrotoxicosis . Oku kunokubangelwa zizinto ezininzi, kubandakanya i-hyperthyroidism ( i-thyroid gland esebenza kakhulu), ukudumba kwe-thyroid gland (i-thyroiditis) , kunye nokusela amayeza e-thyroid amaninzi.

I-Thyrotoxicosis ibangela ukuba imetabolism yakho ikhawuleze. Oku kunokuba yingozi kwimpilo yakho. Ezinye zeempawu ze-thyrotoxicosis zezi:

• Ukunciphisa umzimba ngaphandle kwesizathu.
• Ukuya rhoqo kwigumbi lokuhlambela.
• Ukubetha kwentliziyo okukhawulezayo okanye okungahambelaniyo (arrhythmia) .

Ukuba uneempawu ze-thyrotoxicosis, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqhagamshelana nogqirha wakho.

Nangona amanqanaba e-T4 asimahla eqhelekile, ezinye iimeko ezinokubangela ukuba amanqanaba e-T4 ewonke anyuke ziquka ukukhulelwa kunyeUkusela iipilisi zokulawula ukuzala ezine- estrogen . Kuzo zombini iimeko, oku kungenxa yokuba amanqanaba e-estrogen aphezulu. I-estrogen yonyusa ubungakanani beproteni ebopha kwi-T4, nto leyo enyusa i-T4 iyonke (oko kukuthi, i-T4 yasimahla + ukubopha kweproteni).

Kuza kwenzeka ntoni ukuba amanqanaba e-T4 (thyroxine) ehla kakhulu?

Ukuba amanqanaba akho e-T4 aphantsi kunesiqhelo, oku kudla ngokubonisa i-hypothyroidism (i-thyroid gland engasebenzi kakuhle). I-Hypothyroidism inokuba nezizathu ezininzi. Imizekelo ibandakanya izifo ezithile zokuzikhusela komzimba , ukungafumani i-iodine eyaneleyo ekutyeni kwakho, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamayeza athile.

I-Hypothyroidism iyayicothisa imetabolism yakho. Ezinye zeempawu ziquka:

• Ukudinwa.
• Ukungakwazi ukunyamezela ingqele.
• Isantya sentliziyo esiphantsi.
• Ukutyeba kwakho.

Ukuba uneempawu ze-hypothyroidism, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthetha nogqirha wakho.

Ngaba kufuneka ndikhathazeke ukuba iziphumo zam zovavanyo lwe-T4 (thyroxine) ziphantsi okanye ziphezulu?

Iziphumo zovavanyo lwe-T4 zasimahla zihlala zichanekile. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye izinto zinokuchaphazela iziphumo. Umzekelo:

• Amanye amayeza okanye izongezo.
• Ukukhulelwa.
• Ukugula kakhulu okanye ukungondleki kakuhle.

Ugqirha wakho uza kuqwalasela ezi zinto xa etolika iziphumo zakho.

Ukuba iziphumo zakho zovavanyo lwe-T4 aziqhelekanga, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela ezinye iimvavanyo ze-thyroid ukunceda ekuxilongeni. Ezi mvavanyo zingabandakanya:

• Uvavanyo lwe-T3 (Triiodothyronine) (enye ihomoni ye-thyroid).
• Uvavanyo lwe-TSH (iHormone evuselela iThyroid).
• Uvavanyo lokufumanisa isifo sikaGraves (isifo sokuzikhusela komzimba esibangela i-hyperthyroidism).
• Uvavanyo lokufumanisa isifo sikaHashimoto (isifo sokuzikhusela komzimba esibangela i-hypothyroidism).

Amanqanaba e-TSH (i-thyroid stimulating hormone) kunye ne-T4 (thyroxine) ahambelana njani?

Amanqanaba e-TSH kunye ne-T4 achaphazela ngokuthe ngqo omnye komnye, njengoko i-hormone evuselela i-thyroid (TSH) ibangela ukuveliswa kwe-thyroxine (T4), kwaye amanqanaba e-T4 aphezulu okwethutyana athintela ukukhululwa kwe-TSH.

Xa ufumana uvavanyo lwegazi ukujonga ukusebenza kwe-thyroid yakho kunye namanqanaba e-TSH, amanqanaba ahlukeneyo ehomoni nganye anokubonisa iimeko ezahlukeneyo. Makhe sibone ukuba oko kusebenza njani.

I-TSH ephantsi kunye ne-T4 eqhelekileyo

Amanqanaba aphantsi e-TSH kunye namanqanaba aqhelekileyo e-T4 adla ngokuthathwa njenge -subclinical hyperthyroidism."I-Subclinical" ithetha ukuba imeko ayibangeli zimpawu, okanye iimpawu azikaqali. Izifundo zibonise ukuba malunga ne-16% yabemi bahlushwa yile meko ye-subclinical hyperthyroidism.

Ukuba iziphumo zovavanyo lwakho lwegazi zibonisa ezi ziphumo, ugqirha wakho uya kuqhubeka ejonga amanqanaba akho ukuze abone ukuba ayatshintsha na aze akhokelele kwi-hyperthyroidism yeklinikhi.

I-TSH ephantsi kunye ne-T4 ephezulu

Amanqanaba aphantsi e-TSH kunye namanqanaba aphezulu e-T4 adla ngokubonisa i-hyperthyroidism . Oku kungenxa yokuba i-thyroid gland yakho ivelisa i-T4 eninzi kakhulu ngenxa yengxaki. Le T4 igqithisileyo ithintela i-hypothalamus yakho ekukhupheni i-TSH.

I-TSH ephantsi kunye ne-T4 ephantsi

Ukuba amanqanaba e-TSH kunye ne-T4 aphantsi, oko kubonisa ukuba kukho ingxaki kwi -pituitary gland yakho. Umzekelo, into efana ne -pituitary adenoma enkulu isenokungakhuphi i-TSH eyaneleyo yokukhuthaza ukuveliswa kwe-T4. Olu ludibaniso olungaqhelekanga lweziphumo.

I-TSH ephezulu kunye ne-T4 eqhelekileyo

Xa amanqanaba e-TSH ephakanyisiwe kwaye amanqanaba e-T4 eqhelekile, kudla ngokuthathwa njenge -subclinical hypothyroidism (ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-mild thyroid failure). Le meko ichaphazela phakathi kwe-3% kunye ne-8% yabemi.

Ukuba iziphumo zovavanyo lwakho lwegazi zibonisa ezi ziphumo, ugqirha wakho uya kuqhubeka ejonga amanqanaba akho ukuze abone ukuba ayatshintsha na aze akhokelele kwi-hypothyroidism yeklinikhi.

I-TSH ephezulu kunye ne-T4 ephantsi

Ukuba amanqanaba e-TSH aphezulu kwaye amanqanaba e-T4 aphantsi, oku kudla ngokubonisa i-hypothyroidism ( i-thyroid engasebenzi kakuhle ngenxa yengxaki ephambili kwi-thyroid gland). Oku kungenxa yokuba kukho ingxaki kwi-thyroid gland yakho ebangela ukuba imveliso ye-T4 yehle, kwaye i-pituitary gland yakho isabela ngokukhupha i-TSH eninzi kakhulu ukuze ivuselele i-thyroid gland ukuba yenze i-T4 engaphezulu.

I-TSH ephezulu kunye ne-T4 ephezulu

Ukuba amanqanaba e-TSH kunye ne-T4 aphezulu, oko kuthetha ukuba kukho ingxaki kwi -pituitary gland yakho. Oku kuthetha ukuba i-pituitary gland ikhupha i-TSH eninzi kakhulu, nto leyo evuselela i-thyroid gland yakho ukuba ivelise i-T4 eninzi kakhulu. Olu ludibaniso olungaqhelekanga lweziphumo.

Izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule kuzo zonke ezi zinto (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kuqhelekile ukuba noloyiko xa ubona iziphumo zovavanyo ezingaqhelekanga. Kodwa ungoyiki . Iimeko ze-thyroid, ingakumbi i-hypothyroidism, zixhaphakile kwaye ziyanyangeka.Ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela ukuba kufuneka uvavanyo olongezelelweyo ukuze kufunyanwe unobangela wezinga le-T4 elingaqhelekanga. Musa ukuthandabuza ukubuza imibuzo okanye ukwenza idinga nogqirha wakho ukuze nixoxe ngeziphumo zakho ngakumbi. Kubalulekile ukuba nolwazi ngempilo yakho.

I- Thyroxine, uvavanyo lwe-T4, i-thyroid, i-hormone, i-TSH, i-hypothyroidism, i-hyperthyroidism