Ngaba ufuna ukwazi yonke into malunga neentambo zelizwi ezinika ubomi kwilizwi lakho?

Sonke sinelizwi lethu elahlukileyo, akunjalo? Ngamanye amaxesha, nokuba asimboni umntu, siyamqonda ngendlela athetha ngayo. Ngoko ke, ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba ilizwi lethu lenziwa njani? Yintoni encinci emzimbeni wethu esinceda kuloo nto? Impendulo yi -vocal cords . Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngezi -vocal cords zimangalisayo, umsebenzi wazo, kunye nendlela yokuzigcina ziphilile.

Zithini iintambo zelizwi? Ngamafutshane...

Ngamafutshane, iintambo zakho zelizwi ziibhanti ezimbini zemisipha ezikwindawo encinci efana nebhokisi emqaleni wakho ebizwa ngokuba yi-larynx . Le larynx ikwindawo engaphezulu kwe-trachea yakho, ityhubhu ethwala umoya uye emiphungeni yakho xa uphefumla.

Xa uphefumlela ngaphakathi nangaphandle, ezi ntambo zimbini zelizwi ziyakhululeka, zivumela umoya ukuba udlule ngokukhululekileyo. Kodwa xa uqala ukuthetha, ezi ntambo zimbini zelizwi ziyasondelana, kwaye umphefumlo owukhuphayo uyangcangcazela kunye phakathi. Oko kungcangcazela koko kuphuma njengelizwi lakho.

Oogqirha abaninzi babiza ezi "zii-vocal folds" endaweni yokuba "zii-vocal cords ." Kukho isizathu soko. Ngaphambili, abantu babezicinga njengeentambo ezimbini kwisixhobo somculo ezazisenza isandi xa zibethelwa. Kodwa ngoku siyazi ukuba azizo nje iintambo ezimbini, kodwa ziluhlu lwezihlunu kunye nee-cartilage ezidibeneyo. Ngokwenyani, azizozakhiwo zodwa, kodwa zidibene nemisipha eyahlukeneyo kunye nee-cartilage ngaphakathi kwi-larynx.

Zeziphi izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ezenziwa ziintambo zelizwi?

Eyona nto iphambili kukuvelisa ilizwi, kodwa ukongeza koko, eminye imisebenzi emininzi ebalulekileyo yenziwa zezi ntambo zelizwi.

1. Ukudala ilizwi lethu elikhethekileyo

Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo. Xa uthetha, ucula, ucula, uncwina, ubhomboloza, uhlebeza - zonke ezi zizandi ezenziwa zezi ntambo zelizwi. Xa iintambo zelizwi zincipha, umoya ophuma kwi-windpipe awunakuphuma kwaye uvaleleke. Lo moya uvalelekileyo udala uxinzelelo kwiintambo zelizwi. Kungenxa yolu xinzelelo ukuba umoya ukhutshwe njengamathontsi, nto leyo ebangela ukuba iintambo zelizwi zingcangcazele. Ngokuxhomekeke kwisandi selizwi lakho, ezi ntambo zelizwi zinokungcangcazela amaxesha amaninzi ngomzuzwana! Olu ngcangcazelo kunye nomoya kunye kudala ilizwi lakho.

Khawucinge nje, zonke izinto ezisebusweni bakho, njengemilebe yakho, ulwimi, amazinyo, izidlele, kunye nemingxuma ye-sinus, zisebenza kunye ukucacisa, ukwenza ubuhle, kunye nokuguqula isandi esivela kwezi ntambo zelizwi, zenze ilizwi lakho elahlukileyo.

2. Ukukhusela iindlela zethu zomoya

Oku kubaluleke kakhulu.

• Xa uginya: Ingxolo yakho ifana nendawo edibana kuyo. Kulapho iindlela ezimbini eziya kumbhobho womoya (umoya) kunye nombhobho womoya (ukutya nokusela) zahlukana khona. Xa usitya, ezi ntambo zelizwi ziyavaleka, zithintela izinto ezifana nokutya nokusela ukuba zingangeni kumbhobho womoya. Xa uginya, ingxolo yakho iyaphakama, iqondise ukutya ngqo kumbhobho womoya.
• Xa ukhohlela:Ukuba kukho into ezama ukungena kwindlela yomoya, ii-vocal cords ziyafinyela ngequbuliso, nto leyo ebangela ukukhohlela. Kwakhona, xa unesifo somkhuhlane, ukukhohlela kunceda ukususa izinto ezingafunekiyo kwinkqubo yokuphefumla. Ngalo lonke ixesha uvula umqala wakho, ngalo lonke ixesha ukhohlela, ezi-vocal cords ziyafinyela.

3. Ukulawula ukuphefumla kwakho

Xa uphefumlela ngaphakathi nangaphandle, iintambo zelizwi ziyahlukana, nto leyo evumela ukuba indlela yomoya idlule ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa.

Ziphi iintambo zelizwi?

Iintambo zakho zelizwi zifumaneka ngaphakathi kwinxalenye yomzimba wakho ebizwa ngokuba yi-larynx , ekwaziwa ngokuba yi-"voice box." Le ifumaneka ngaphezulu kombhobho womoya, ngasemva kwe-apile ka-Adam, ekwimbindi ongaphambili womqala wakho. Ukuba ubeka umnwe omnye okanye emibini kweli thambo uze ulicinezele, uya kuliva linyuka. Ukuba uvula umlomo wakho, uya kuliva lihla.

Injani imilo kunye nokwakheka kweentambo zelizwi?

Iintambo zelizwi ziintambo ezimbini ezimhlophe zethishu phakathi kwengxolo yakho. Xa iintambo zelizwi zivuliwe, enye engasekunene nenye engasekhohlo ziyadibana zenze u-"V" oguqulweyo. Xa zivaliwe, ziyadibana ukuze zibukeke njengomgca omncinci.

Ezi ntambo zelizwi zihamba ukusuka ekhohlo ukuya ekunene kwaye zisuka phambili ziye ngasemva kwingqula. Zinamathele kwimisipha kunye ne-cartilage ngaphakathi kwingqula enceda ukulawula intshukumo yengqula zelizwi.

Iintambo zelizwi zigqunywe sisigqubuthelo esimanzi nesikhuselayo esibizwa ngokuba yi-mucous membrane . Ngaphantsi kwesi sigqubuthelo, iintambo zelizwi zenziwe ngamaleya amathathu aphambili:

• Umaleko ongaphandle weeseli ubizwa ngokuba yi-epithelium .
• Umaleko ophakathi, obizwa ngokuba yi-lamina propria, yiwo onceda iintambo zelizwi zishukume.
• Ungqimba olungaphakathi lwezihlunu. Oku kuquka iVocalis Muscle kunye neThyroarytenoid Muscles .

Ubungakanani beentambo zelizwi butshintsha njani?

Xa uzalwa, iintambo zakho zelizwi ziphakathi kweemilimitha ezi-6 nezi-8 ubude. Njengoko ukhula, nazo ziyanda. Ubude kunye nobukhulu beentambo zelizwi bumisela isandi selizwi lakho. Iintambo zelizwi ezityebileyo zivelisa ilizwi elinzulu nelirhabaxa (isandi esiphantsi).

• Kumadoda: Njengoko abafana befikelela kwinqanaba lokufikisa, i-hormone testosterone ibangela ukuba ii-vocal cords zabo zikhule kwaye zande. Yiyo loo nto amazwi abo esiya enzulu. Ii-vocal cords eziqhelekileyo zamadoda amakhulu ziphakathi kwe-1.75 kunye ne-2.5 centimeters ubude. Olu tshintsho alunakuguqulwa. Oku kuthetha ukuba abo benza unyango lwe-hormone olusebenzisa i-feminis ukuze babe ngabafazi kuya kufuneka basebenzisane nogqirha wengqondo ukuze batshintshe isandi selizwi labo, benze utyando lokusebenzisa i-voice feminization, okanye amazwi abo aya kuhlala enzulu.
• Abafazi:Amantombazana nawo afumana ithuba lokwandisa isandi xa efikelela ekufikiseni. Isandi esiqhelekileyo sendoda endala siphakathi kwe-1.25 kunye ne-1.75 centimeters ubude. Xa bethatha unyango lwe -testosterone hormone (unyango lwe-masculinizing hormone) ukuze babe ngamadoda, isandi sabo sikhula size sinde. Ngenxa yoko, amazwi abo aya enzulu.

Njengoko abanye abantu bekhula, imisipha yabo yelizwi kunye neminye imisipha ekwi-larynx iba buthathaka kwaye ishwabane, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ukuthetha.

Ziziphi izifo ezichaphazela iintambo zelizwi?

Iintambo zethu zelizwi nazo zinokuvelisa izifo ezahlukeneyo. Masibone ukuba zithini.

Iimeko eziqhele ukubonwa:

• I-Laryngitis: Oku kukudumba kwemithambo yelizwi. Oku kunokubangela ukuba ilizwi lakho libe lirhabaxa, libuthathaka, lirhabaxa, okanye lirhabaxa. Kungabangelwa kukusetyenziswa kakhulu, usulelo, ukutshaya, kunye ne-acid reflux yexesha elide (GERD - Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease) .
• IiNodules zeVocal Cord, iiPolyps kunye neeCysts: Ezi zikhula ngaphandle komhlaza (ezingenabungozi). IiNodules kunye neePolyps ziingceba eziqinileyo, ngelixa iiCysts ziingceba ezizaliswe lulwelo. Ezi zinokubangela ukuba ilizwi lakho libe buthathaka, lirhawuzelele, okanye lingabikho kwaphela. Eyona nto ixhaphakileyo kukunciphisa ilizwi lakho (ukusetyenziswa kakubi okanye ukusetyenziswa gwenxa). Ezinye izizathu ziquka ukutshaya, i-sinusitis , kunye nee-allergies.
• Ukukhubazeka kweNtambo yelizwi: Oku kulapho iintambo zelizwi zingakwazi ukuvula okanye ukuvala ngokuqhelekileyo. Oku kunokwenza kube nzima ukuthetha, ukuphefumla, nokuginya. Iimeko ezahlukeneyo ezonakalisa imithambo-luvo zinokubangela ukuba izihlunu kwiintambo zelizwi ziyeke ukusebenza kakuhle. Oku kunokubangela ukuba ilizwi livakale liphefumla, okanye kube nzima ukukhwehlela okanye ukuhlambulula umqala wakho.

Iimeko ezingabonakaliyo rhoqo:

• Umhlaza weLaryngeal: Umhlaza ungakhula kwiindawo zelarynx, kuquka neentambo zelizwi.
• I-Laryngospasm: Oku kukuphazamiseka ngequbuliso kwemithambo yelizwi, okwenza kube nzima ukuphefumla nokuthetha. Ezi ntlungu azilindelwanga kwaye zihlala ixesha elingaphantsi komzuzu.
• I-Muscle Tension Dysphonia (MTD): Oku kwenzeka xa izihlunu ezisentlokweni nasentanyeni yakho zisebenza kakhulu. Uqinisa izihlunu ngaphakathi, ngaphandle, okanye zombini kwi-larynx yakho. Oku kuqina kunokwenza kube nzima ukuba ii-vocal cords zakho zihambe ngokukhululekileyo nangokulula, nto leyo ebangela ukuziva uxinezelekile kwaye ungakhululeki emqaleni wakho okanye entanyeni.
• I-Reinke's Edema: Le yimeko apho ulwelo luqokelelana kwindawo yemisonto ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Reinke's space' ize idumbe. Oku kunokubangela ukuba ilizwi litsho ngelizwi eliphantsi kwaye isandi siyehla.
• I-Spasmodic Dysphonia:Le yimeko yexesha elide apho iintambo zakho zelizwi ziba lukhuni okanye ziqine xa uzama ukuthetha.
• I-Inducible Laryngeal Obstruction (ILO): Le meko ibangela ubunzima ekuvuleni ii-vocal cords, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ukuphefumla. Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-Vocal Cord Dysfunction .

Ziziphi iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zezifo ze-vocal cord?

Iimpawu zixhomekeke kwimeko ethile echaphazela iintambo zelizwi, kodwa kukho ezinye iimpawu eziqhelekileyo:

• Ukurhawuzelela kwelizwi.
• Ukulahlekelwa lilizwi.
• Ilizwi elibuthathaka okanye ukuva kancinci.
• Utshintsho kwilizwi, ingakumbi ukutshintsha ukusuka kwisandi esiphezulu ukuya kwisandi esiphantsi okanye ukurhawuzelela.
• Ukukhohlela rhoqo, ubunzima bokuginya, okanye iintlungu zentamo.
• Ubunzima bokuginya, ukuthetha, okanye ukuphefumla.

Zeziphi iindlela ezisetyenziswayo ukuvavanya iintambo zelizwi?

Ukuba utshintshe ilizwi lakho (njengokurhawuzelela, ubunzima bokuthetha) kangangeeveki ezingaphezu kwezimbini, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha. Ngokuxhomekeke kwiimpawu zakho, kunokufuneka ubone ingcali yelizwi okanye ingcali yendlebe, impumlo, nomqala (ENT). Kusenokufuneka ubone ingcali ye-laryngologist, ugqirha ogxile kwizifo ze-larynx, okanye ingcali ye-pathology yolwimi lokuthetha ekhethekileyo yelizwi.

Xa ubona ugqirha wakho, uza kukubuza ngembali yakho yezonyango aze akuhlole ngokwasemzimbeni. Ukongeza, banokwenza uvavanyo olufana nolu:

• I-CT scan okanye i-MRI: Olu vavanyo lokujonga imifanekiso lunokujonga amaqhuma, ii-cysts, okanye iithumba ngaphakathi emqaleni wakho.
• Uvavanyo lweMvelo yeBhaktheriya: Ugqirha usenokuthatha isampuli emqaleni wakho ukuze ajonge iibhaktheriya ezinokubangela usulelo.
• I-Laryngoscopy: Kule nkqubo, ugqirha ufaka ityhubhu encinci (i-laryngoscope) enesibane kunye nekhamera kwi-larynx yakho aze ahlole iintambo zakho zelizwi.
• I-Videostroboscopy: Oku kufana ne-laryngoscopy, kodwa isebenzisa isibane esikhethekileyo ukuze ugqirha abone indlela iintambo zakho zelizwi ezingcangcazela ngayo.
• I-Biopsy: Ugqirha usenokuthatha isampuli yethishu kwiintambo zakho zelizwi aze ajonge iiseli ezingaqhelekanga.
• I-Laryngeal Electromyography (LEMG): Olu vavanyo lunokunceda ekuxilongeni ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-vocal cord. Lulinganisa indlela imithambo-luvo yakho elawula ngayo izihlunu kwi-larynx yakho.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango zezifo ze-vocal cord?

Unyango luxhomekeke kuhlobo lwesifo. Unyango oluqhelekileyo luquka:

• Ukuphumla kwelizwi (ukungathethi okanye ukucula - ukuphumla kwelizwi).
• Amayeza anciphisa ukudumba kunye nentlungu.
• Utyando lokususa izinto ezifana namaqhuma kunye neethumba.
• Unyango lwelizwi: Oku kunokukunceda uphilise iintambo zakho zelizwi okanye kukufundise indlela yokuzisebenzisa ngokufanelekileyo. Kunokukunceda nokuba uthethe ngokuzithemba nangokulawula ngakumbi.

Singenza ntoni ukuze sigcine iintambo zethu zomsindo ziphilile?

Ilizwi lethu liyinto exabisekileyo kakhulu kuthi. Ngoko ke ukugcina ezi ntambo zelizwi ziphilile kubaluleke kakhulu. Eyona nto ilungileyo kukuzisebenzisa ngokufanelekileyo, ngaphandle kokuzicinezela.

Musa ukuzibiza ezi zinto:

• Ukudinisa ilizwi lakho ngokulisebenzisa kakhulu (ukuthetha kakhulu, ukucula kakhulu).
• Ukuba ilizwi lakho livakala lirhabaxa okanye libuthathaka, zama ukuthetha okanye ukucula.
• Ukutshaya, ukuchanabeka kumsi wecuba.
• Ukukhwaza ixesha elide, okanye ukuthetha ngokuhlebeza. Zombini ezi zinto ziyenza ingasebenzi kakuhle imicu yelizwi.

Yenza ezi zinto:

• Ukuba une -GERD/LPRD , yifumane inyango efanelekileyo.
• Sela amanzi aneleyo ngosuku kwaye ugcine umzimba wakho unamanzi.
• Ukuba ufuna ilizwi lakho livakale kude, sebenzisa imakrofoni.
• Musa ukuhlala kwiindawo apho kukho uthuli oluninzi kunye nokuvezwa kwiikhemikhali ezinobungozi.
• Ukuba unosulelo, nciphisa ubungakanani (nomthamo) bokuthetha.
• Xa uthetha okanye ucula, ziqhelise ukuphefumlela emzimbeni wakho ongezantsi, kungekhona esifubeni sakho.
• Ingakumbi ngexesha lemozulu eyomileyo (njengobusika), sebenzisa isixhobo sokunyusa umswakama ukugcina umoya owuphefumlayo ufumile.

Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya

Iintambo zakho zelizwi zezona zikuncedayo ukuba uthethe, ucule, kwaye uphefumle. Nangona zincinci, abahlobo bakho kunye nosapho banokukubona ngesandi abasenzayo xa bengcangcazela.

Khusela iintambo zakho zelizwi ekudinweni. Musa ukuzicinezela ngokuthetha kakhulu okanye ngokucula ixesha elide. Kuphephe ukutshaya (kuquka nomsi osetyenziswa ngabanye), kwaye sela amanzi amaninzi. Musa ukuzisebenzisa kakubi iintambo zakho zelizwi kwaye ugcine ilizwi lakho liphilile. Kaloku, ilizwi lakho lixabisekile kuwe!

Izwi , iintambo zelizwi, ingxolo, izifo zomqala, ukugcinwa kwelizwi, i-laryngitis, utshintsho lwelizwi