Amangalisa kangakanani amehlo ethu? Masifunde ngee-eye reflexes!

Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba zingaphi izinto ezenziwa ngamehlo ethu ngaphandle kokuba siqaphele? Kufana nomlingo omncinci. Azikuncedi nje kuphela ukuba ubone, kodwa zikwasebenza ngokuzenzekelayo ukukhusela amehlo akho. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-"Eye Reflexes ." Ezi zinto zenzeka ngokuzenzekelayo, oko kuthetha ukuba akufuneki uzilawule okanye ucinge, "Le yindlela ekufuneka ibe yiyo."

Zithini ii-eye reflexes? Kutheni zibalulekile?

Ngamafutshane, ii-eye reflexes luludwe lweenguqu ezenzeka ngokuzenzekelayo emehlweni akho. Zenzelwe ukukunceda ubone ngokucacileyo kwaye zikhusele iibhola zamehlo akho ekonakalisweni . Cinga ngento enokwenzeka ukuba ubunokujonga ngequbuliso ukukhanya okukhanyayo okanye ukuba isuntswana lothuli lingene elisweni lakho. Amehlo akho ayasabela kulo ngaphambi kokuba ucinge ngako. Yiyo loo nto ii-reflexes ziyiyo.

Amehlo ethu zizinto ezintsonkothileyo kakhulu. Iindawo ezininzi zeliso zisebenza kunye ukuze zigxile koko sikubonayo kwaye zithumele olo lwazi olubonakalayo engqondweni. Ngoko ke ezi reflexes zezona zikhusela amehlo akho kwaye zincede amehlo akho ukuba azivumelanise neemeko ezahlukeneyo zokukhanya. Zinceda ukugcina umbono wakho ungafiphali nokuba ushukumisa amehlo akho ngokukhawuleza okanye xa ukukhanya kutshintsha ngequbuliso.

Ii-reflexes ezithile zibangela ukuba amehlo akho ashukume okanye atshintshe ngenxa yezinto ezenzekayo ezikungqongileyo. Iindawo ezininzi zeliso lakho zinegalelo kwezi reflexes. Umzekelo:

• Umfundi : Le yinxalenye encinci emnyama engqukuva embindini weliso.
• I-Cornea : I-membrane ecacileyo engaphambili kweliso.
• Inkqubo yokukrazula : Yinkqubo evelisa nekhupha iinyembezi.
• I-Ocular Never : I-Ocular Never enxulumene nokubona.

Kwakhona, ezinye iindlela zokusabela kwamehlo zenzeka ngenxa yotshintsho oluye lwenzeka kwezinye iindawo zomzimba wakho. Ezi ziquka:

• Izihlunu
• Imiva
• Inkqubo yeNervous

Xa usiya kugqirha wamehlo, baya kujonga nezi mpendulo xa behlola amehlo akho. Ugqirha uya kuqwalasela ezi mpendulo, ingakumbi ukuba uneempawu okanye ukuba uneengxaki zamehlo okanye umbono wakho.

Zisebenza njani ezi reflexes? Kuyamangalisa!

Iiseli zemithambo-luvo ezikhethekileyo zithumela ubuchopho bakho zibuyele emehlweni akho ngeeseli zemithambo-luvo ezikhethekileyo.(`Iiseli zeNerve`) ukuya kwiimpawu zombane ezihamba ngazo. Cinga ngayo njengokuthi `ucinezele` `isitshixo` kwikhibhodi yekhompyutha`. Xa `ucinezele` `isitshixo`, isignali yombane ihamba ngentambo iye kwikhompyutha` ize iyibonise njengonobumba kwiscreen, akunjalo? Kodwa okwenzekayo apha akufani nokuba `uchwetheza` unobumba ngamnye. Ngaphandle kokuba nexesha lokucinga, amehlo akho ahlala ebumbeka kwaye ekhuselwe ngezi mpawu.

Iindlela ezihamba ngazo ezi mpawu zenziwe ngezinto ezinje:

• IiSensors (`RECEPTORS`): Ezi zezokuqala ukuqaphela izinto ezikhuthazayo.
• Ii-Afferent Neurons: Ezi zithwala imiqondiso esuka kwiimvakalelo ukuya engqondweni.
• Ii-Efferent Neurons: Ezi zithwala imiqondiso esuka engqondweni ibuyele kwimisipha okanye indlala efanelekileyo.
• Ii-Effectors: Ezi ziindawo eziphendulayo ekugqibeleni (umz., ukufinyela kwemisipha).

Cinga ngayo njengothotho lweekhonkco. Enye ayinakusebenza ngaphandle kwenye. Yonke into kufuneka ilungelelaniswe ngokugqibeleleyo.

Ziziphi iintlobo ze-reflexes ezikwiliso? Makhe sijonge.

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi eziphambili ze-reflexes emehlweni ethu. Makhe sithethe ngazo nganye nganye.

• Ukusabela Kwengqondo Kwabantwana Abasafundayo
• I-Corneal Reflexes
• I-Vestibulo-ocular reflex
• I-Oculocephalic Reflex (ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-"Doll's Eye Reflex")
• I-Palpebral Oculogyric Reflex (ekwabizwa ngokuba yiBell's Reflex)

Ukusabela Kwengqondo Kwabantwana Abasafundayo

Inxalenye emnyama ephakathi kweliso lakho ibizwa ngokuba yi-pupil . Usenokuba uqaphele ukuba ngamanye amaxesha iba nkulu kwaye ngamanye amaxesha iba ncinci. Oku kukulawula ubungakanani bokukhanya okungena kweliso. Izihlunu ezikwindawo enemibala yeliso lakho, i-iris, zilawula ubukhulu be-pupil. Esi senzo se-reflex sibangela ukuba i-pupil yakho itshintshe ubukhulu ngokuzenzekelayo phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zokukhanya. Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-'pupillary accommodation'. Oku kukugcina umbono wakho uzinzile phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo. Oko kukuthi, ilawula ukuba bungakanani ukukhanya okungena kweliso kwaye kuwela kwi- 'retina' .

I-iris ineempendulo ezininzi:

• I-Pupillary Light Reflex:Oku kwenzeka xa umfundi wakho efinyela (esiba mncinci) ekukhanyeni okuqaqambileyo. Xa ukukhanya okuqaqambileyo kubetha iliso lakho, izihlunu ezikwi-iris ziyafinyela ngokuqinileyo, zicinezele umfundi. Khawuthelekelele, ukuba ungena ngaphakathi ngequbuliso uvela kwindawo enelanga, amehlo akho aya kuba luhlaza okwexeshana, de umfundi wakho aphinde avuleke aze aqhele ubumnyama.
• I-Pupillary Dark Reflex: Oku kulapho umfundi wakho evuleka khona (eba mkhulu) xa usiya kwindawo emnyama. Oku kubangela ukuba izihlunu ezikwi-iris ziphumle, nto leyo evumela ukukhanya okungakumbi ukuba kungene elisweni.
• I-Ciliospinal Reflex: Le yahlukile kancinci. Ukuba kukho into ekubetha ebusweni okanye entanyeni, oko kuthetha ukuba uziva intlungu okanye ukuchukumisa, abafundi bakho bayavuleka.

I-Corneal Reflexes

I-cornea yinxalenye ebonakalayo, efana nefestile yeliso lakho. Yenziwe ngezicubu ezomeleleyo nezibonakalayo. Kunye nenxalenye emhlophe yeliso (ebizwa ngokuba yi-sclera ), i-cornea inceda ekukhuseleni iliso lakho. I-cornea inemisebenzi emibini:

• I-Blink Reflex: Njengoko igama lisitsho, le yindlela ebangela ukuba amehlo akho avaleke ngokuzenzekelayo xa kukho into echukumisa i-cornea yakho. Khawuthelekelele, uqhwanyaza ungaqondanga xa kungena uthuli elisweni lakho, akunjalo? Yiyo leyo.
• I-Tear Reflex (`I-Tear Reflex` / `I-Lacrimatory Reflex`): Oku kwenzeka naxa kukho into echukumisa iliso lakho. Inkqubo yakho yeenyembezi igcwalisa iliso lakho ngeenyembezi ezintsha, ihlambe nantoni na ebambeke ngaphakathi.

Xa i-eyelashes iwela elisweni lakho, ufumana zombini ezi corneal reflexes. Ngaphambi kokuba uqaphele, iliso lakho liyavaleka, uze ngequbuliso iliso lakho lizale iinyembezi, lizihlambe. Oku akuyonto nje eyenzekayo elisweni lakho, kodwa kukho amaxesha apho oku kuqhwanyaza okanye ukukrazula kuqalwa khona. Umzekelo:

• Ukukhanya okuqaqambileyo
• Xa uziva ulusizi okanye uxhalabile
• Xa kukhohlela
• Xa uhlanza
• Xa umoya obandayo uvuthuza

I-Vestibulo-ocular reflex (Vor)

Amehlo ethu alawulwa zimisipha emithandathu ewashukumisa ukusuka kwelinye icala ukuya kwelinye, phezulu nasezantsi. Ezi zizinto ezisivumela ukuba sibone njengoko sifuna. Ezi misipha zikwashukumisa amehlo ethu kwinto ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Vestibulo-ocular Reflex' . Xa intloko yakho ishukuma, ingqondo yakho kunye ne-'Oculomotor Nerve' zenza utshintsho oluncinci ngokuzenzekelayo kwimisipha yamehlo akho. Nokuba awucingi ngayo, intloko yakho iyashukuma ngalo lonke ixesha, ingakumbi xa uhamba, ubaleka, okanye wenza nawuphi na omnye umsebenzi womzimba. Ngoko ke, xa intloko yakho ishukuma, yi-vestibulo-ocular reflex enceda ukugcina amehlo akho ekwinqanaba elifanayo. Khawuthelekelele, ukuba ubungenalo olu hlobo lwe-reflex, umbono wakho ubuya kuhlala ungacacanga, ngokungathi ubuhamba ngesikhephe kulwandle olunamaza.

I-Oculocephalic Reflex (i-Doll's Eye Reflex)

Le yindlela ugqirha wamehlo anokujonga ngayo ukuba imithambo-luvo yakho yentloko isebenza kakuhle kangakanani. Ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-doll's eye reflex . Olu vavanyo lwamehlo olubizwa ngokuba yi-'accommodation eye test', oluvavanyo lokushukuma ukuze abone ukuba amehlo akho ayaziqhelanisa njani notshintsho. Xa ugqirha ejonga i-'Doll's Eye Reflex' yakho, uya kubamba iinkophe zakho aze ajike intloko yakho ngokukhawuleza ukusuka kwelinye icala ukuya kwelinye. Emva koko, nangona intloko yakho ishukuma, amehlo akho aya kuziqhelanisa ngokuzenzekelayo ukujonga phambili. Ukuba umbono wakho uba mandundu kakhulu ngexesha lovavanyo , okanye ukuba amehlo akho ashukuma kakhulu, kukho into enokuthi iphazamise imithambo-luvo okanye izihlunu ezinceda ukugcina amehlo akho ezinzile. Ugqirha kuya kufuneka enze uvavanyo oluthe kratya ukuze afumanise ukuba yintoni kanye kanye echaphazela amehlo akho.

I-Palpebral Oculogyric Reflex (i-Bell's Reflex)

Oku kwenzeka xa umntu ezama ukuchukumisa amehlo akho okanye ukuwanyanzela ukuba avale, nto leyo ebangela ukuba uqengqele amehlo akho ngaphandle kokuthanda kwakho. Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yiBell's Reflex . Ukuba wakha waqengqeleka amehlo akho xa ufaka iilensi zokunxibelelana okanye ufaka amayeza amehlo, mhlawumbi ukhe wakubona oku. Abanye abantu bade babe nale Bell's Reflex xa befaka izimonyo.

Ngokungafaniyo nezinye iindlela zokusabela kwamehlo, i-Bell's Reflex ayikuncedi ukubona okanye ukukhusela amehlo akho. Iingcali zikholelwa ukuba yindlela yokuzikhusela eyakhelwe emizimbeni yethu. Abantu abanesifo sokukhubazeka kobuso, njenge- Bell's Palsy, abanayo i-Bell's Reflex. Nangona kunjalo, ukungabi nayo i-Bell's Reflex akuthethi ukuba kukho into engalunganga emehlweni akho. Enyanisweni, malunga ne-10% yabemi abanayo i-Bell's Reflex ngokwemvelo.

Ziziphi iimeko kunye neengxaki eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazela ukusabela kwamehlo?

Nantoni na eyonakalisa amehlo akho, izihlunu, imithambo-luvo, okanye ingqondo yakho inokuchaphazela i-reflex yamehlo akho. Nazi ezinye zeengxaki ezinokuphazamisa i-reflex yamehlo akho:

• Ukulimala Kwamehlo
• I-Neuropathy
• Izibetho
• Ukukhubazeka komzimba
• Isifo esimdaka
• Isifo sikaHorner
• I-Strabismus (amehlo anqamlezileyo)
• I-Nystagmus (ukuxhuzula kwamehlo)

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule

Amehlo akho yindlela ebaluleke kakhulu yokusebenzisana nehlabathi elikungqongileyo. Nokuba awucingi ngayo loo nto, amehlo akho akhuselwe kwaye alawulwa zii-reflexes. Agcina umbono wakho uzinzile ngokuzenzekelayo, akhusela izicubu zamehlo akho ekonakalisweni, kwaye akukhusela kwizinto zangaphandle.

Nokuba awuzilawuli ngabom ezi zinto, ukuba kukho into engalunganga ngenye yeendlela iliso lakho elijonga ngayo, inganika amehlo akho imvakalelo yokuba "kukho into engalunganga," "ayilunganga kakuhle."

Ngoko ke, ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho emehlweni okanye ekuboneni kwakho, qiniseka ukuba ubonana nogqirha wamehlo . Banokukuhlola kakuhle amehlo akho baze bakunike naluphi na uncedo olufunekayo. Khumbula, amehlo ethu axabiseke kakhulu!

Ukusabela kwamehlo , impilo yamehlo, umfundi, i-cornea, umbono, inkqubo yemithambo-luvo, uvavanyo lwamehlo