Ikhamera ekhethekileyo ejonga ngaphakathi emzimbeni: Yonke into malunga nokuFotwa kweMifanekiso yeMithi yeNyukliya!

Ngaba wakha weva ngovavanyo olubizwa ngokuba yi-'Nuclear Medicine Imaging'? Mhlawumbi ukhe weva ngalo xa ugqirha wakho ekuxelela ukuba wenze uvavanyo olunjalo. Kuvakala ngathi kuyoyikisa kancinci xa usiva eli gama, akunjalo? 'Nuclear' xa usitsho njalo. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngalo ngokweenkcukacha, ngesiSinhala onokusiqonda, kwaye ngokulula. Njengokuthetha nomhlobo.

Yintoni le nto kuthiwa yiNuclear Medicine Imaging?

Ngamafutshane, le yindlela ekhethekileyo esetyenziswa ukujonga amalungu angaphakathi emizimbeni yethu. Kodwa ngokungafaniyo nezinye iiskeni, le inomahluko omncinci. Nantsi into eyenzekayo: Okokuqala, unikwa inani elincinci kakhulu le-'radioactive tracer'. Eli lidla ngokunikezelwa ngenaliti emthanjeni. Ngamanye amaxesha linikwa njengesiselo, kuxhomekeke kuvavanyo olwenziweyo. Eli asiloyeza okanye ulwelo oludaya umzimba, akunjalo? Xa linikwa, lihamba ngegazi lethu, liye kwilungu okanye kwizicubu esifuna ukuzihlola, kwaye libekwe apho.

Emva koko, ubekwa phantsi kwekhamera ekhethekileyo ebizwa ngokuba yi-'gamma camera', ebona imitha engabonakaliyo ekhutshwa yinto efakwe emzimbeni wakho. Le khamera inovelwano kakhulu. Olu lwazi lwemitha luthunyelwa kwikhompyutha luze luguqulwe lube yimifanekiso emihle. Lufana 'nemephu' yesitho esingaphakathi emzimbeni wethu. Kungokujonga loo mifanekiso apho oogqirha banokufumanisa ukuba kukho ingxaki emzimbeni wakho okanye ukuba isitho sisebenza kakuhle.

Ngoku usenokuba ucinga, 'Owu, i-radioactive, iyoyikisa, imele ukuba ayilunganga emzimbeni wakho.' Kodwa inyaniso kukuba, ubungakanani be-radiation kwizinto ezisetyenzisiweyo kolu vavanyo buphantsi kakhulu . Oko kukuthi, lixabiso elifanayo le-radiation esihlala sijongene nalo kwindawo yethu yemihla ngemihla, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha lincinci nangakumbi. Kwakhona, ezi zinto azibangeli miphumo emibi. Ezi zinto ziyasuswa emzimbeni emva kwexesha elithile. Ngoko ke akukho sizathu sokoyika ngokungeyomfuneko.

Kutheni siludinga olu hlobo lovavanyo (Uvavanyo lweMifanekiso yeNyukliya)?

Kaloku, olu vavanyo lusetyenziswa kakhulu ekuxilongeni izifo ezahlukeneyo. Ngamanye amaxesha lukwasetyenziselwa ukunyanga nokubona ukuba unyango lwangoku lusebenza kangakanani na. Khawucinge nje ukuba olu vavanyo lunokunceda kangakanani oogqirha bethu ukuba bafumane. Nazi ezinye zezifo kunye neemeko olu vavanyo olunokuzifumanisa:

• Ezinye izifo zegazi (umz., ezinye iintlobo ze-anemia, iingxaki zokujiya kwegazi).
• Izifo ze-thyroid, ingakumbi iimeko ezifana ne-hypothyroidism, apho i-thyroid gland ingasebenzi kakuhle.
• Isifo sentliziyo (umz., ukuncipha kokuhamba kwegazi ukuya kwimisipha yentliziyo, umonakalo entliziyweni emva kokuhlaselwa yintliziyo).
• Izifo zenyongo (umz., i-cholecystitis, ukuvaleka kwe-bile duct).
• Iingxaki zemiphunga (umz., ukuqhekeka kwegazi emiphungeni, ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwemiphunga).
• Iingxaki ezinxulumene namathambo, ezinje ngosulelo lwamathambo, ukwaphuka okunzima ukukufumana, kunye nokuba iiseli zomhlaza zisasazeke na emathanjeni.
• Izifo zezintso, umzekelo, usulelo lwezintso, amanxeba, kunye nokuvaleka komchamo.
• Chonga iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zomhlaza uze ubone ukuba umhlaza usasazeke kangakanani (ukulinganisa).

Ukongeza koku, njengoko benditshilo ngaphambili, le teknoloji "yokuFanekisa ngeMifanekiso yeMithi yeNyukliya" ikwasetyenziswa kwiindlela zonyango. Umzekelo yindlela yonyango "yeRadioimmunotherapy". Kule ndlela, imitha kunye ne-immunotherapy ziyadityaniswa, kwaye imitha ithunyelwa kwindawo ekujoliswe kuyo, njengeeseli zomhlaza, ukuze kunyangwe. Oku kuthetha ukuba umonakalo kwiiseli eziphilileyo ungancitshiswa.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kolu vavanyo kunye nezinye iimvavanyo ze-radiological?

Lo ngumbuzo obaluleke kakhulu ekufuneka uwuqonde. Ezinye izinto `(Uvavanyo lweRadiologic)` okanye njengoko sizazi ``X-ray``, ``(CT scan)`` ikakhulu zijonga indlela amalungu omzimba wethu abonakala ngayo , oko kukuthi, imilo yawo, ubungakanani, uxinano, ulwakhiwo, njl. Oogqirha bakubiza oku ngokuthi kukujonga ``i-anatomy`` yelungu.

Kodwa olu vavanyo lwe-"Nuclear Medicine Imaging" lujonga ikakhulu indlela amalungu asebenza ngayo . Oko kukuthi, ingaba amalungu asebenza kakuhle na, ingaba iinkqubo zawo zeekhemikhali zenzeka ngokufanelekileyo na, ukuba ukujikeleza kwegazi kulungile na, nokuba kukho naluphi na utshintsho kwinqanaba leeseli.

Ukuchaneka, ngelixa ezinye iiskeni zithatha 'ifoto' yelungu, iNuclear Medicine Imaging ifana 'nokubukela ngqo indlela elisebenza ngayo elo lungu'.

Eyona nzuzo inkulu yokukwazi ukubona ukusebenza kwesitho ngale ndlela kukuba ezinye izifo zinokubonwa ngotshintsho ekusebenzeni kwaso ngaphambi kokuba kubekho utshintsho olukhulu kwisakhiwo saso. Emva koko oogqirha banokusifumana esi sifo kwangethuba baze baqale unyango ngokukhawuleza. Oku kwandisa amathuba okuba unyango luphumelele.

Sifanele sizilungiselele njani ngaphambi kolu vavanyo?

Oku nako yinto ekufuneka uyazi ngokuqinisekileyo. Kodwa ekubeni kukho iintlobo ezininzi zovavanyo "lweMithi yeNyukliya", indlela ekufuneka uzilungiselele ngayo ayifani. Iya kwahluka kuvavanyo olucwangciselwe ukuyenza.

Umzekelo, kwezinye iimvavanyo, unokucelwa ukuba ungatyi okanye ungaseli nantoni na ngaphandle kwamanzi iiyure ezine ukuya kwezintandathu ngaphambi kovavanyo de uvavanyo luphele (ukuzila ukutya). Kwezinye iimvavanyo, unokucelwa ukuba uyeke ukuthatha amayeza athile kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kovavanyo. Kodwa ezinye iimvavanyo zisenokungafuni naluphi na ulungiselelo olukhethekileyo.

Ngoko ke, eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba xa unikwa uvavanyo olufana nolu, kufuneka ubuze ugqirha wakho okanye isebe elifanelekileyo lesibhedlele apho uvavanyo lwenziwa khona kanye indlela yokululungiselela. Baza kukunika imiyalelo echanekileyo yoko umele ukwenze noko ungamele ukwenze. Ukulandela loo miyalelo kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze ufumane iziphumo zovavanyo ezichanekileyo.

Yintoni esifanele siyazi ngomhla wovavanyo?

Kukho izinto ezimbalwa ezincinci ekufuneka uzikhumbule ngomhla wovavanyo. Ezi azizozinto zinkulu, kodwa kulungile ukuzazi.

• Okokuqala, kuphephe ukuzisa izinto zakho ezixabisekileyo (ezifana nezacholo, iiperile), imali eninzi, kunye namakhadi etyala esibhedlele. Kuba ukuba zilahlekile, yingxaki enye leyo. Nangona zihlala zikhona iindawo zokutshixa, kungcono ungazizisi.
• Usenokucelwa ukuba unxibe ilokhwe ekhethekileyo yesibhedlele. Oku kuya kwenza uvavanyo lube lula.
• Olu vavanyo lwenziwa ngoochwephesha abaqeqeshiweyo nababhalisiweyo abaqeqeshwe ngokukodwa. Imifanekiso kunye nedatha efunyenwe kuvavanyo iyahlalutywa kwaye ixilongwe ziingcali zeNuclear Radiologists kunye noogqirha. Ngoko ke, unokuqiniseka ukuba usezandleni ezikhuselekileyo.

Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lovavanyo?

Kulungile, ngoku masibone ukuba kwenzeka ntoni ngaphakathi kovavanyo. Emva kokuba ungeniswe kwigumbi lovavanyo, uza kucelwa ukuba ulale ebhedini phantsi kwekhamera ethi "Gamma". Le khamera inkulu kancinci, kodwa ayizukuchukumisa umzimba wakho, ngoko ke akukho nto yokoyika.

Intloko yekhamera iza kuhamba kancinci phezu kwelungu lomzimba wakho elihlolwayo, okanye iza kuhlala kwindawo enye, ithatha uthotho lwemifanekiso. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uhlale ungashukumi ixesha elide ngeli xesha. Kufana nokubamba umphefumlo wakho ngelixa uthatha ifoto. Ukuba uyashukuma, imifanekiso isenokungacaci, kwaye unokufuna ukuphinda uvavanyo. Ngoko zama ukuhlala ungashukumi njengoko kuyalelwe ngabasebenzi. Ngamanye amaxesha unokucelwa ukuba ubambe umphefumlo wakho okwethutyana.

Iikristale ezikhethekileyo ezibuthathaka ngaphakathi kwentloko yekhamera zithatha imitha engabonakaliyo evela kwi-radioactive tracer emzimbeni wakho. Emva koko zenza imifanekiso kwiscreen sekhompyutha. Oogqirha bahlalutya le mifanekiso ukuze bafumanise imeko yakho.

Olu vavanyo luthatha ixesha elingakanani?

Ixesha elithathwayo koku liyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lovavanyo olulwenzayo. Ngokwesiqhelo, kuthatha malunga nemizuzu engama-30 ukuya kwengama-60 ukwenza iskena ngekhamera, kungabandakanyi ixesha elithathwayo ukuze kusetyenziswe i-radioactive tracer kwaye kufunxwe kakuhle.

Nangona kunjalo, kukho ezinye iimvavanyo, ezifana nokuskena amathambo, apho kungathatha iiyure ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu ukuba i-radioactive tracer ingene ngokupheleleyo emzimbeni. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, uya kunikwa i-tracer, unikwe ikhefu elifutshane (mhlawumbi uxelelwe ukuba usele amanzi ngeli xesha), uze ucelwe ukuba ubuye ukuze uskenwe ngexesha elicwangcisiweyo.

Kukho amaxesha apho uvavanyo oluthile `(lwezonyango lwenyukliya)` lunokufuneka lwenziwe kangangeentsuku ezininzi. Umzekelo, kunokubakho amaxesha apho unikwa `(i-tracer)` namhlanje, uze emva koko unikwe olunye uvavanyo namhlanje, uze olunye uvavanyo ngomso. Uya kwaziswa ngako konke oku kwangaphambili.

Zithini iingozi kunye neenzuzo zoku?

Abantu abaninzi baba novalo kancinci xa besiva igama elithi 'radioactive', kwaye oko kuqhelekile. Kodwa njengoko benditshilo ngaphambili, iitracers ezisetyenziswa kwezi mvavanyo azizoziyobisi, kwaye zihlala zingabangeli ziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Kwakhona, inqanaba lemitha oyifumanayo ngexesha lovavanyo olufana nolu liphantsi kakhulu, ngoko akufuneki ukhathazeke ngezinto ezifana nomngcipheko womhlaza.

Nangona kunjalo, kunqabile kakhulu, oko kukuthi, kwipesenti encinci kakhulu, abanye abantu banokuba ne-allergy reaction kwi-`(Radioactive tracer)`. Oko kuthetha into efana nokurhawuzelela okanye ukurhawuzelela emzimbeni. Ke ngoko, ukuba une-allergy kuyo nayiphi na into (efana namayeza, ukutya, uthuli), ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka uxelele ugqirha wakho kunye nabantu abenza uvavanyo ngayo kwangaphambili. Emva koko baya kuyiqwalasela.

Ngoku makhe sijonge iingenelo. Ezi scan `(Nuclear Medicine)` zinokusinika ulwazi olubalulekileyo nolukhethekileyo esingenakulufumana kwezinye iimvavanyo. Ngamanye amaxesha, into ekufuneka yenziwe kutyando olukhulu (`utyando lokuhlola`) inokufunyanwa nge scan efana nale, ngaphandle kokubangela umonakalo omkhulu emzimbeni (`ongenabungozi kangako`). Oko kukuthi, olu luncedo olukhulu ekuphuculeni umgangatho wokuxilongwa nonyango. Kwiimeko ezininzi, lunokufumanisa izifo kwizigaba zazo zokuqala, kwanakwizigaba ezincinci ezingafunyanwanga zezinye iimvavanyo. Oku kunika ithuba elihle lokuqala unyango kwangethuba.

Emva kovavanyo?

Ngokwesiqhelo, emva kokuba uvavanyo luphelile, ungabuyela kwimisebenzi yakho yesiqhelo, utye kwaye usele ukutya kwakho kwesiqhelo. Akukho kuphumla kukhethekileyo kufunekayo. Ngamanye amaxesha ugqirha uya kukuxelela ukuba usele amanzi angakumbi, ukunceda ``(tracer)`` ukuba iphume emzimbeni wakho ngokukhawuleza. Ngaphandle koko, akukho nto ikhethekileyo. Ugqirha uya kuthetha nawe ngayo xa ufumana ingxelo yovavanyo lwakho.

Okokugqibela, ezona zinto zibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, sithethe kakhulu nge-"Nuclear Medicine Imaging" ngoku. Ndicinga ukuba uyiqonda kakuhle loo nto. Nazi izinto eziphambili ekufuneka uzikhumbule:

• Uvavanyo lweMithi yeNyukliya yindlela ephucukileyo, ekhuselekileyo, nesebenzayo esetyenziselwa ukuchonga izifo ezininzi nokunyanga ezinye.
• Ezi azibangeli monakalo okanye iintlungu emzimbeni (`ezingenabungozi kangako`). Ubungakanani bemitha buphantsi kakhulu.
• Ukuba ugqirha wakho ukuxelela ngolu hlobo lovavanyo, thetha naye ngalo. Mbuze ngayo nayiphi na imibuzo okanye izinto ezikuxhalabisayo. Musa ukuzibamba.
• Landela imiyalelo ngokuchanekileyo, ingakumbi malunga nokulungiselela ngaphambi kovavanyo.

"Khumbula, ngokuhambela phambili kwesayensi yezonyango, uvavanyo olufana nolu lunceda kakhulu ekukhuseleni impilo yethu nasekufumaneni izifo ngokukhawuleza. Kungoko ke, kubalulekile ukwazi ulwazi oluchanekileyo nokulandela iingcebiso zonyango ngaphandle kokudala uloyiko olungeyomfuneko."

Ukuba ufuna ukwazi enye into, qiniseka ukuba ubuza ugqirha wakho. Hlala usempilweni!

Amayeza enyukliya , uvavanyo lwemitha, ukuxilongwa, ii-tracers, iikhamera ze-gamma, impilo, uvavanyo lwezonyango