Xa sihleli, sima, sihamba, sigoba, siphakamisa ubunzima... kukho umntu osinceda kuzo zonke ezi zinto. Ngumqolo wethu, okanye ikholamu yomqolo. Oku kufana nentsika emzimbeni wethu. Enyanisweni, iindawo ezininzi zenkqubo yamathambo kunye nenkqubo yemisipha emzimbeni wethu zidibene ngumqolo. Ngoko ke, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngeenkcukacha ezithe vetshe ngalo mqolo, obaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wethu.
Yintoni umqolo? Wenza ntoni?
Ngamafutshane, umqolo sisakhiwo esinamathambo esixhasa imizimba yethu. Njengeentsika eziphezu kophahla lwendlu, unezibonelelo ezininzi emzimbeni wethu.
- Inika umzimba imo: Umzimba wethu ufumana imo ethile kunye nolwakhiwo ngenxa yomqolo.
- Ixhasa umzimba: Xa sima nkqo, umqolo usinceda sihlale sime kakuhle.
- Ikhusela i-Spinal Cord: I-spinal cord, i-nerve cable ephambili evela ebuchotsheni, idlula kwi-spinal cord. Ifana nentambo encinci egqunywe kwityhubhu yokukhusela. I-spinal cord ikhusela le mithambo-luvo ixabisekileyo.
- Inceda ekushukumeni nasekuguquguqukeni: Ukuguquguquka komqolo kusinceda senze iintshukumo ezifana nokugoba phambili, umva, nokujika ukusuka kwelinye icala ukuya kwelinye.
Uphi umqolo? Ubonakala njani?
Umqolo uqala entanyeni yethu uye ezantsi komqolo wethu. Ngokuchanekileyo, uqala ezantsi kwentloko yethu uze uye entlango, ithambo eliphakathi kwamathambo ethu esinqeni.
Ukuba ujonge umqolo ophilileyo kwicala, awuthe tye ngokupheleleyo. Unamagophe amathathu endalo. Ufana nomfanekiso wonobumba u-'S'. La magophe asebenza njengezinto ezifunxa uloyiko emotweni. Oko kukuthi, ayafunxa uloyiko olubetha umqolo xa sibaleka, sitsiba, kwaye sihamba, nto leyo ethintela umonakalo kumqolo.
Zeziphi iindawo eziphambili zomqolo?
Umqolo awulothambo nje elinye elide. Lulwakhiwo oluntsonkothileyo olwenziwe ngamalungu amaninzi ahlukeneyo. Lufana nodonga olwenziwe ngezitena ezibekwe phezu kwenye. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi ezi nxalenye.
| Inxalenye | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| I-vertebrae | La ngamathambo amancinci enza umqolo. Umqolo wenziwe ngamathambo angama-33 afana nala, elinye liphezu kwelinye. Intambo yomqolo idlula kwityhubhu edalwa ngala mathambo. |
| Amalungu e-Facet | La ngamalunga apho amathambo omqolo adibana khona. La malungu ngawo asivumela ukuba sigobe kwaye sijike umqolo wethu ukusuka kwelinye icala ukuya kwelinye. Njengeehinji zocango. |
| Iidiski ze-Intervertebral | Ezi zizakhiwo ezifana nomqamelo phakathi kwamathambo amabini angasemva. Zifunxa ukushaqeka. Le diski ineziko elifana nejeli (i-nucleus pulposus) kunye neringi eqinileyo (i-annulus fibrosus) eliyijikelezileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha le diski inokucinezelwa kwaye ijeli ephakathi ingavuza, nto leyo ebangela uxinzelelo kwimithambo-luvo. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-'herniated disc'. Le yenye yezizathu zentlungu ezifana ne -sciatica . |
| Intambo yoMgogodla kunye neMithambo | Intambo yemithambo-luvo ephambili evela ebuchotsheni yintambo yomqolo. Imithambo-luvo emincinci ephuma koku, ngethambo lomqolo, iya ezingalweni, emilenzeni, nakwezinye iindawo zomzimba. Le mithambo-luvo ithwala imiyalezo esuka ebuchotsheni iye emzimbeni, kwaye ithwala ulwazi oluvela emzimbeni iye engqondweni. |
| Izicwili ezithambileyo | Oku kuquka ii-ligaments ezibamba i-vertebrae kunye, izihlunu ezixhasa umqolo, kunye ne-tendon ezidibanisa izihlunu namathambo. |
Iindawo ezi-5 eziphambili zomqolo
Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, nangona kukho amathambo angama-33, la ahlulwe abe ziingingqi ezi-5 eziphambili. Masifunde ngaloo nto.
| Icandelo | Amanqaku abalulekileyo |
|---|---|
| Umqolo Wesibeleko - Intamo | Le yinxalenye ephezulu yomqolo. Ine-vertebrae ezisi-7 (C1-C7). Le yinxalenye apho sinokujika iintloko zethu, sinyuke size sihle. Inegophe elibukhali. |
| Umqolo Wesifuba - Umqolo ophakathi | Kukho ii-vertebrae ezili-12 (T1-T12) kule nxalenye. Iimbambo zethu zidibene nezi vertebrae. Le nxalenye igobile kancinci ngasemva (i-kyphotic curve). |
| Umqolo weLumbar - Umqolo osezantsi | Lo ngumqolo ongezantsi. Kukho amathambo omqolo ama-5 (L1-L5). Eli candelo lomzimba wethu lithwala ubunzima obuninzi. Likwafumana uxinzelelo olukhulu xa liphakamisa iintsimbi. Likwanomqolo ogobileyo. |
| I-Sacrum | Eli thambo limile okwesixantathu lidibana namathambo ethu esinqeni. Lenziwe yi-vertebrae ezi-5 ezidityanisiweyo (S1-S5). Ngenxa yoko, le nxalenye ayishukumi. |
| Ithambo lomsila leCoccyx | Eli lelona thambo lincinci ezantsi komqolo. Lenziwe ngamathambo amane adityaniswe kunye. |
Izifo eziqhelekileyo ezinokwenzeka emgogodleni
Umqolo sisitho esisetyenziswa kakhulu nesithwala ubunzima kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla. Ngenxa yoko, sisengozini enkulu yokonakala nokwenzakala.
- Isifo samathambo kunye nezifo ezinxulumene naso, umzekelo (i-Ankylosing Spondylitis) .
- Umqolo uxinezelekile kwaye ukrunekile.
- Iingxaki zokuzalwa, umzekelo (i-Spina Bifida) .
- Ukuqaqamba kwamathambo.
- I-Scoliosis, oko kuthetha ukugoba komqolo (i-Scoliosis kunye ne-Kyphosis) .
- Idiski eneHerniated .
- Izifo zemithambo-luvo kunye nemisipha(Izifo zemithambo-luvo).
- Umonakalo wemithambo-luvo, umzekelo , i-spinal stenosis , i-sciatica, kunye ne-pinched nerves.
- I-Osteoporosis .
- Ukulimala komqolo, ukwaphuka kwamathambo, kunye nokukhubazeka komzimba .
- Iithumba zomqolo kunye nomhlaza.
- Usulelo lomqolo, umzekelo , i-meningitis kunye ne -osteomyelitis .
Ziziphi iimpawu ezinokubona ingxaki yomqolo?
Uphawu oluqhelekileyo lweengxaki zomqolo ziintlungu zomqolo okanye zentamo. Kunzima ukufumana umntu ongazange abe neentlungu zomqolo ngaxa lithile ebomini bakhe.
Ayizizo zonke iintlungu zomqolo ezinzulu, kodwa kukho iimpawu ezithile esifanele sizixhalabise ngazo.
Nazi ezinye iimpawu ezinjalo:
- Ukuqaqamba kwemisipha.
- Ukungakwazi ukulawula amathumbu kunye nesinyi.
- Ubuthathaka okanye ukungakhululeki kwiingalo nemilenze.
- Ukukhubazeka komzimba.
Uvavanyo kunye nonyango
Ukuba unengxaki yomqolo, ugqirha wakho unokukunika iimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo kunye nonyango lokufumana unobangela.
Ungayijonga njani impilo yakho yomqolo?
- Uvavanyo lokufota: Olu luquka ukuskena okufana (i-X-ray) , (i-CT scan) , kunye (ne-MRI) .
- Uvavanyo lwegazi .
- Uvavanyo lwe -Electromyography (EMG) olulinganisa umsebenzi wemithambo-luvo.
- Uvavanyo loxinano lwamathambo (uvavanyo loxinano lwamathambo lwe-DEXA) .
- Ukubetheka komqolo/ukubhoboza emqolo .
Wenza ntoni njengonyango?
Iindlela zonyango ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko.
- Unyango lomzimba , ukuphulula umzimba, i-acupuncture.
- Amayeza anjengee-painkillers kunye ne-muscle relaxants.
- Ukujova emgogodleni, umzekelo (ii-Epidural Steroid Injections) .
- Utyando lomqolo , umzekelo, i-discectomy kunye ne-fusion .
Ukuba unale mpawu, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza!
Intlungu yomqolo eqhelekileyo kufuneka iphele kwiintsuku ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unezinye zeempawu ezingezantsi, kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza ngaphandle kokuyityeshela.
| Iimpawu zesilumkiso ekufuneka uziqaphele | |
|---|---|
| - Ukuba unomkhuhlane oneentlungu zomqolo. | |
| - Ukuba awukwazi ukulawula amathumbu okanye umchamo wakho . | |
| - Ukuba uziva iintlungu ziphuma emqolo wakho ziye emilenzeni okanye ubuthathaka emilenzeni yakho . | |
| - Ukuba une -handible ezandleni okanye ezinyaweni . | |
| - Ukuba intlungu iyanda imihla ngemihla, ukuba unesicaphucaphu, ukuba awukwazi ukulala kakuhle, okanye ukuba intlungu ikuchaphazele kangangokuba awukwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla. | |
Singayigcina njani imiqolo yethu isempilweni?
Zininzi izinto ezilula esinokuzenza ukukhusela umqolo wethu nokuthintela iintlungu zomqolo. Ukuba nezihlunu zomqolo ezomeleleyo kunika ukhuselo oluhle kumqolo.
- Ukuzilolonga: Yenza umthambo wokuqinisa umqolo nokolula ubuncinci iintsuku ezimbini ngeveki. Ukuzilolonga okufana neeplanga ngokukodwa kuya kuqinisa izihlunu zakho zangaphakathi, nto leyo eya kubonelela ngenkxaso elungileyo kumqolo wakho.
- Lumka xa uphakamisa izinto ezinzima phantsi, goba amadolo akho uze uwaphakamise ngaphandle kokugoba umqolo wakho . Gcina umqolo wakho uthe nkqo.
- Gcina ubunzima obusempilweni: Njengoko ubunzima bomzimba busanda, uxinzelelo lomqolo nalo luyanda. Ke ngoko, ukugcina ubunzima obusempilweni kubaluleke kakhulu.
- Hlala ume kakuhle: Hlala ume nkqo . Musa ukurhuqa iinyawo.
Ukuba ufuna ukwazi okungakumbi ngale nto, thetha nogqirha wakho.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Umqolo wakho yeyona ntsika iphambili yomzimba wakho. Ikunceda ume, uhambe, kwaye uhambe.
- Yenziwe ngamacandelo amaninzi, afana namathambo omqolo, iidiski, imithambo-luvo, kunye namalungu.
- Iintlungu zomqolo zixhaphakile kakhulu, kodwa akusoloko kuyinto elungileyo ukuzibetha ngoyaba.
- Ukuba uneempawu ezinje ngomkhuhlane, ukulahlekelwa yindlela yokuzilawula amathumbu/umchamo, okanye intlungu emilenzeni yakho, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.
- Ngokuzilolonga ngokufanelekileyo, ukuma kakuhle, kunye nendlela yokuphila enempilo, unokugcina umqolo wakho uphilile ubomi bakho bonke.
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