Ulwazi lwezeMpilo ngokubanziJulayi 16, 2026🔄 Updated: Jul 16, 2026⏱ 13 min

Ngaba wakha wakha wahlelwa yile nto? Masifunde ukuba yintoni kanye kanye i-surticulation!

Creator: Dr. Priya Sammani
Published: 2026-07-15T22:42:44.000Z

Dr. Priya Sammani, MBBS, PG Dip. FMMedical Verification

Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngesihloko esinobuzaza, nesingaqondakaliyo kubantu abaninzi. Oko kukuxhuzula, okanye njengoko kubizwa ngesiNgesi, "iSeizure". Usenokuba ukhe weva ngako, okanye mhlawumbi ukubonile. Nangona kunjalo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ukuba yintoni kanye kanye. Kuba, ukuba into efana nale yehlela umntu, kuya kukunceda kungekuphela nje ekumncedeni, kodwa nasekuphepheni uloyiko olungeyomfuneko.

Yintoni ukuxhuzula? Masiyiqonde ngokulula.

Ngamafutshane, ukuxhuzula kukuqhuma okungaqhelekanga, okungalindelekanga komsebenzi wombane engqondweni yethu. Cinga ngako njengenkqubo yekhompyutha entsonkothileyo. Iqulethe izigidi zeeseli zemithambo-luvo ezibizwa ngokuba zii-neurons. Ezi zinxibelelana ngemiqondiso emincinci yombane. Ngoko ke, ukuba ngesizathu esithile kukho ukuphazamiseka okukhawulezileyo kule nkqubo yesignali yombane, okanye ukuba kukho umsebenzi omninzi wombane, kulapho kwenzeka ukuxhuzula. Xa uninzi lwabantu lucinga ngokuxhuzula, lucinga ngemeko enzima apho umzimba ushukuma khona baze balahlekelwe zingqondo. Elo liphawu elinye. Nangona kunjalo, ayizizo zonke ii-seizures ezifanayo. Ngamanye amaxesha umntu unokuyeka oko akwenzayo aze ajonge engenanto okwethutyana. Omnye umntu unokuba nokuxhuzula okanye ukuxhuzula ingalo okanye umlenze, okanye izihlunu zakhe zinokuxhuzula. Abanye abantu banokuba nokuxhuzula kube kanye kuphela ebomini babo. Abanye banokuba nokuxhuzula okuliqela ngosuku. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuba unesifo sokuxhuzula, sinokuhluka kakhulu kwinto anayo omnye umntu. Kunokubakho izizathu ezininzi zoku. Kuba kukho izinto ezininzi ezinokuphazamisa iipatheni eziqhelekileyo zombane engqondweni. Kunokubangelwa yinto yonke ukusuka kutshintsho kumanqanaba eswekile yegazi ukuya kwisifo, ingozi, okanye imeko yezonyango engaphantsi. Kungoko ke kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha ukuze ufumane ukuba loluphi unyango olukufaneleyo.

Ziziphi iintlobo ze-seizures?

Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zokuxhuzula. Masijonge ukuba ziyintoni na. 1. Ukuxhuzula Okuqhelekileyo: Oku kuxa umsebenzi wombane uqala kumacala omabini engqondo ngaxeshanye. Ngeli xesha, umzimba wakho unokuxhuzula kumacala omabini, icala elinye linokuxhuzula, okanye ungayeka into obuyenza uze ujonge nje. Nangona oku kudla ngokuvela kakhulu kubantwana abancinci okanye kubantu abadala abancinci, le meko inokwenzeka nakubani na wanoma yimuphi ubudala. 2. Ukuxhuzula Okujoliswe Kumntu Oyintloko: Oku kuxa umsebenzi wombane uqala kwelinye icala lengqondo, okanye kwindawo ethile (`(focus)`). Iimpawu zihlala zichaphazela icala elinye lomzimba, kwaye usenokuba ungazi okanye awuzi. Oku kuthetha ukuba usenokuba ukhumbula okanye awukhumbuli ukuxhuzula. Ukuxhuzula Okujoliswe Kumntu Oyintloko ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba yinto ejolise Kumntu Oyintloko okanye isasazeke kumacala omabini engqondo.

Ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga neentlobo zokuxhuzula ngokubanzi

Kukwakho neentlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-generalized seizures. Makhe sijonge nezo zinto:

Ukuxhuzula Ukungabikho: Kule nto, ngequbuliso uyeka into obuyenza uze ujonge ungenanto. Ubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo kwimizuzwana embalwa. Umntu obukeleyo ngaphandle usenokungayiboni le nto.
Ukuxhuzula kwe-Atonic (Ukuxhuzula kwe-Drop): Kule nto, kukho ukulahlekelwa ngequbuliso kolawulo lwemisipha , nto leyo ebangela ukuba umntu awe phantsi. Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-`(Ukuxhuzula kwe-Drop)`.
Ukuxhuzula kweClonic: Oku kunokubangela ukuxhuzula kumacala omabini omzimba kunye nokulahlekelwa zingqondo. Okanye kunokubangela ukuxhuzula kwelinye icala lomzimba ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa zingqondo.
Ukuxhuzula kwe-Myoclonic: Oku kukuhlasela ngequbuliso kwemisipha enye okanye ezininzi emzimbeni, ngokungathi zibethelwe kukuxhuzula ngombane.
Ukuxhuzula Okuqhelekileyo Kwesibini: Kule meko, kuqala kubekho ukuxhuzula okujolise kwingcinga (oko kuthetha ukuba umsebenzi wombane uqala kwenye inxalenye yengqondo), kuze kube yilapho kuba kukuxhuzula okuqhelekileyo (oko kuthetha ukuba umsebenzi wombane usasazeka kumacala omabini engqondo).
Ukuxhuzula kweTonic-Clonic: Olu lolona hlobo lunzima abantu abaninzi abalucingayo xa besiva igama elithi " ukuxhuzula ." Izihlunu ziyaqina (tonic), zilahlekelwe zingqondo, uze umzimba ushukume (clonic).
Ukuxhuzula kweTonic: Kule nto, kukho ukuphelelwa yingqondo kunye nokuqina kwemisipha, kodwa akukho kuxhuzula kwenzekayo.

Masifunde nangeentlobo ze-focal seizures.

Kukwakho neentlobo ezimbini eziphambili ze-focal seizures:
Ukuxhuzula Okuqaphelekayo (Ukuxhuzula Okungaphelelanga): Kule nto, uyazazi ukuba uxhuzula kwaye unokukhumbula.
Ukuxhuzula kolwazi olujongene nokungaqini kakuhle (Ukuxhuzula okuntsonkothileyo): Kolu hlobo lokuxhuzula, ulahlekelwa zingqondo kwaye uzive udidekile (`(ukudideka)`). Awunankumbulo yokuxhuzula.
Ixhaphake kangakanani le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-seizure?
Ubusazi na ukuba malunga ne-10% yabantu kwihlabathi liphela bakha bahlaselwe sisisu esinye ubuncinane ebomini babo? Oko kuthetha ukuba asinto ingaqhelekanga kangako.
Zithini iimpawu zokuxhuzula?
Iimpawu zinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo kunye nobukhali bokuxhuzula. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ezinokubonakala:
Ukulahlekelwa yingqondo.
Iintshukumo ezingalawulekiyo zamalungu omzimba (umz., ukuxhuzula, ukuqaqamba kwemisipha , ukuxhuzula).
Ejonge ngaphandle kwesizathu.
Ukongeza koku, ezinye iimpawu zinokubonwa:
Utshintsho olukhawulezileyo lweemvakalelo (umz., ukudideka, uloyiko, ulonwabo, ixhala ).
Isixhobo sokuhluza amazinyo .
Ukuvuza amathe.
Iintshukumo zamehlo ezingaqhelekanga.
Ukulahlekelwa kulawulo lomchamo okanye amathumbu.
Ukwenza izandi ezingaqhelekanga (umz., ukurhona).
Ezi mpawu zezokwexeshana, zihlala ukusuka kwimizuzwana embalwa ukuya kwimizuzu embalwa.
Ngaba kukho amanqanaba okuxhuzula?
Ewe, ukuxhuzula kunokuba namanqanaba aliqela. Kodwa ayinguye wonke umntu ohlangabezana nazo zonke. 1. Isigaba seProdrome: Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuxhuzula, unokufumana utshintsho kwimo yakho okanye kwindlela oziphatha ngayo, uzive unesizungu, okanye ube nobunzima bokugxila. Abanye abantu banokuba nengxaki yokulala. 2. Isigaba se-Aura: Ngaphambi nje kokuba iimpawu zokuqala zokuxhuzula ziqale, unokufumana utshintsho embonweni wakho (izibane ezikhanyayo, umbono ogqwethekileyo), intloko ebuhlungu, isiyezi, isicaphucaphu, uloyiko okanye ixhala, kunye notshintsho kwiimvakalelo zakho (incasa, ivumba, isandi, ukuchukumisa). Oku kufana nomqondiso omncinci wesilumkiso ngaphambi kokuba ukuxhuzula kuqale. 3. Isigaba se-Ictal: Kulapho ukuxhuzula kwenzeka khona ngokwenene. Eli linqanaba apho ufumana khona iimpawu zokuxhuzula. 4. Isigaba sePostictal: Emva nje kokuba ukuxhuzula kuphelile, ungaziva udiniwe kakhulu, unesizungu, uneentlungu zomzimba, kwaye ube neemvakalelo ezinzulu (ezifana nosizi okanye ulonwabo). Ngeli nqanaba, umntu unokuba nobuthongo obukhulu.
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba ayinguye wonke umntu ohlangabezana nazo zonke ezi zigaba. Ingakumbi isigaba se-"Aura". Amaxesha amaninzi, ukuxhuzula kuvela ngequbuliso, kwaye usenokungaziva naziphi na iimpawu ezilumkisayo.
Ziziphi iimpawu ezibonisa ukuba umntu unesifo sokuwa ngaphambi kokuba ahlaselwe?
Abanye abantu banokufumana iimpawu ezilumkisayo ngaphambi kokuba baxhuzule. Ezi zifana nesigaba se-"aura".
Iimpawu zeemvakalelo: ukubona izibane ezikhanyayo, ukuphazamiseka kwembonakalo, izandi ezikhawulezileyo, incasa engaqhelekanga (eyesinyithi okanye ekrakra) okanye amavumba , iimvakalelo ezingaqhelekanga zesikhumba ( ukungaziva okanye ukurhawuzelela).
Utshintsho lweemvakalelo: uloyiko okanye uvuyo ngequbuliso, i-deja vuIzinto ezifana ``(jamais vu)`` (amava amatsha avakala ngathi aqhelekile) okanye ``(jamais vu)`` (amava aqhelekileyo avakala ngathi matsha ngandlela thile).
Iimpawu zokuzimela: Ezi zichaphazela iinkqubo zomzimba ezilawulwa ngokuzenzekelayo yingqondo yethu. Umzekelo, ukubila, ukuvuza amathe , isisu esibuhlungu, kunye nolusu olumhlophe.
Kodwa khumbula, ayinguye wonke umntu ofumana ezi mpawu ngaphambi kokuba axhuzule.
Kutheni ezi zifo zisenzeka? Zithini izizathu?
Njengoko besikhe sathetha ngaphambili, ukuxhuzula kubangelwa kukuqhuma ngequbuliso komsebenzi wombane engqondweni. Iiseli zemithambo-luvo ezikwingqondo yethu ziyanxibelelana ngokuthumela imiqondiso yombane. Xa ukuxhuzula kwenzeka, iiseli zengqondo ezichaphazelekayo ziqala ukuthumela imiqondiso kwezinye iiseli ezikummandla ojikelezileyo ngaphandle kolawulo. Lo msebenzi wombane ogqithisileyo ugqithisa kakhulu iindawo ezifanelekileyo zobuchopho, nto leyo ebangela iimpawu zokuxhuzula. Izizathu zokuxhuzula zinokwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezimbini eziphambili, ngokusekelwe kwisizathu sokuba zenzeke.
Ukuxhuzula Okubangelwa Yingxungu (Akukho ntlungu yokuxhuzula): Oku kubangelwa yinto ebangela ukuba umntu axhuzule. Oko kukuthi, imeko yexeshana okanye iimeko ezithile zinokubangela iimpawu zokuxhuzula. Oku akubangelwa sisifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-"Epilepsy."
Ukuxhuzula Okungavuswanga (Ukuxhuzula): Oku kuxhuzula kwenzeka ngokungacwangciswanga, ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo. Kunokwenzeka rhoqo. Olu hlobo lokuxhuzula luphawu oluphambili lwesifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-`(Ukuxhuzula).`
Ukuxhuzula okungafumaneki sizathu sichanekileyo kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-idiopathic seizures .
Izinto ezibangela ukuxhuzula
Izinto ezithile zinokunyusa umngcipheko wokuba ne-arthritic. Sikwabiza ezi "Triggers".
Amanqanaba eswekile egazini angaqhelekanga (iswekile yegazi ephantsi okanye iswekile yegazi ephezulu kakhulu).
Amanye amayeza, umzekelo `(Wellbutrin®)` okanye `(bupropion)`.
Izibane ezidanyazayo okanye ezikhazimlayo.
Isifo sobushushu.
Umkhuhlane ophezulu.
Ukungalali ngokwaneleyo.
Uxinzelelo.
Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi (kuquka ukuyeka utywala).
Ezi "Triggers" azifani kuye wonke umntu. Ukuba unesifo sokuxhuzula rhoqo, kungcono ukugcina irekhodi lezinto obuzenza ngaphambi kokuba uxhuzule. Ugqirha angajonga olo lwazi aze akuncede ufumanise ukuba zeziphi "Triggers" zakho.
Ezinye izifo ezibangela ukuxhuzula
Ezinye iimeko ezininzi zempilo zinokubangela ukuxhuzula. Nazi imizekelo embalwa:
Ii-aneurysms zobuchopho.
Iithumba zobuchopho.
Ukunqongophala kweoksijini engqondweni (i-cerebral hypoxia).
Isifo semithambo yegazi.
Isifo seswekile.
Ukulimala kakhulu entloko, ingakumbi oko kubangela ukulahlekelwa zingqondo (Ukubetheka kakhulu kwengqondo kunye nokwenzakala kwengqondo okubuhlungu).
Izifo eziye zibutyhafise kancinci kancinci ubuchopho, ezifana nesifo sika-Alzheimer okanye isifo sengqondo esibangelwa yi-frontotemporal dementia.
Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kunye nokuxhuzula ngexesha lokukhulelwa (i-Eclampsia).
Ukungalingani kwiityuwa zomzimba, ingakumbi i-sodium ephantsi (hyponatremia), i-calcium ephantsi okanye i-magnesium.
Isifo sokuwa (ukuwa okuphindaphindiweyo ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo).
Iimeko zemfuza.
Ezinye izizathu ezinokubakho:
Utshintsho olunxulumene namahomoni.
Iintsholongwane, ingakumbi i-encephalitis, i-meningitis, okanye i-sepsis.
Ukudumba okubangelwa ziimeko zokuzikhusela komzimba.
Iingxaki zempilo yengqondo (ezikwabizwa ngokuba yi-"psychogenic seizures"), umz. "conversion disorder".
Iingxaki zophuhliso lobuchopho (ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo okubangelwa kukuzalwa).
Izibetho.
Izinto ezinobuthi (ezifana nokutyhefa i-carbon monoxide okanye ukutyhefa i-heavy metal).
Ukulunywa yinyoka okanye ezinye izilwanyana ezinetyhefu.
Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokuba nesithuthwane?
Nabani na unokuba nesifo sokuxhuzula nokuba uneminyaka emingaphi. Nangona kunjalo, usenokuba sengozini enkulu ukuba:
Ukuba unenye ingxaki yempilo engabonakaliyo.
Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho oye waba nokuxhuzula (impembelelo yemfuza).
Ukuba ungumntwana (ongaphantsi kweminyaka eli-18 ubudala).
Ukuba uneminyaka engaphezu kwama-50 ubudala.
Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho xa umntu exhuzula?
Ngexesha lokuxhuzula, ungalahlekelwa zingqondo uze uwe. Ukuba wenza njalo, unokwenzakala ngokuwa okanye ngokuyeka ngequbuliso into obuyenza (njengokuqhuba imoto, ukusebenzisa oomatshini, okanye ukunyuka indawo ephakamileyo). Ngexesha lokuxhuzula, amalungu akho angabetha izinto ezinzima, okubangela amanxeba, ukukrweleka, okanye amathambo aphukileyo. I-Status epilepticus yimeko eyenzeka xa ukuxhuzula kuqhubeka ngaphezu kwemizuzu emihlanu, okanye xa kwenzeka okunye ukuxhuzula ngaphambi kokuba uphile ngokupheleleyo emva kokuxhuzula okukodwa. Le yingxamiseko yezonyango esongela ubomi. Ingabangela umonakalo engqondweni okanye nokufa.
Ngaba kukho unxibelelwano phakathi kokuxhuzula kunye nempilo yengqondo?
Ewe, ukuxhuzula kunokuba nefuthe elikhulu kwimpilo yakho yengqondo. Kuqhelekile ukuba neempawu ezifana noxinzelelo kunye nokudakumba kunye nokuxhuzula. Oku kungenxa yokuba ukuxhuzula kunokuphazamisa ubomi bakho obuqhelekileyo. Kunokukugcina kude nezinto ozithandayo. Ungaziva uxhalabile kwaye ukhathazekile malunga nokuba nokuxhuzula kwakhona. Ungalahlekelwa bubuthongo ebusuku uzibuza ukuba okulandelayo kuza kufika nini. Ukuba uxhuzula phambi kwabanye, ungaziva uneentloni kwaye ungafuni ukuphuma okanye ukuchitha ixesha nabahlobo. Ekubeni ukuxhuzula kuyinto engaphaya kwamandla akho, kuqhelekile ukuba nezi mvakalelo. Ingcali yezempilo yengqondo inokukunceda ulawule impembelelo yokuba ukuxhuzula kunayo kwimpilo-ntle yakho yeemvakalelo.
Uyibona njani le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-seizure?
Ingcali yezifo zengqondo idla ngokuba yiyo exilonga isifo sokuxhuzula. Oku kuquka uvavanyo lomzimba, uvavanyo lwezifo zengqondo, kunye nezinye iimvavanyo ezininzi. Ngexesha lovavanyo, ugqirha uya kukubuza ngeempawu zakho, imbali yakho yezonyango, kunye nembali yempilo yosapho lwakho. Kunganceda ukuzisa umntu obone isifo sokuxhuzula nawe kugqirha. Ekubeni usenokuba awukhumbuli okwenzekileyo, loo mntu unokuchaza oko ukubonileyo.
Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezenziwayo koku?
Olu vavanyo lunokunceda ekufumaniseni ukuba ngaba unesifo sokuxhuzula, kwaye ukuba kunjalo, yintoni ebangela oko. Inxalenye ebalulekileyo yokuxilonga isifo sokuxhuzula kukufumana indawo ethile engqondweni (`(focal point)`) apho isifo siqala khona. Ukufumana indawo enjalo kunokunceda ugqirha wakho ukuba acwangcise unyango. Ezinye zeemvavanyo ezisetyenziselwa ukuxilonga isifo sokuxhuzula ziquka:
Uvavanyo lwegazi.
Iskeni se-CT `(Iskeni se-CT esibalwe ngekhompyutha)`.
Uvavanyo lwe-EEG (i-Electroencephalogram (i-EEG)). Olu vavanyo lulinganisa umsebenzi wombane wengqondo.
Uvavanyo lwemfuza.
Iskeni se-MRI `(Umfanekiso we-Magnetic resonance (MRI))`.
Iskeni yePET `(Iskeni yePositron emission tomography (PET))`.
Uvavanyo lokubhoboza umqolo (ukubhoboza i-lumbar).
Ukuba kukho ukurhanelwa kokuba ukuxhuzula kubangele ukwenzakala okanye enye ingxaki, oogqirha banokucebisa olunye uvavanyo. Ugqirha uza kukuxelela (okanye umntu okwenzela izigqibo zonyango) ukuba zeziphi iimvavanyo ezicetyiswayo kunye nesizathu sokuba zenziwe.
Ziziphi iindlela zonyango zokuxhuzula?
Iindlela zonyango ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo, ubukhali, kunye nesizathu sokuxhuzula. Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa izinto ezifana nezi:
Ukulawula izizathu okanye iimeko zempilo ezingundoqo: Ugqirha uza kuqala azame ukunyanga naziphi na iimeko zempilo ezingundoqo ezibangela ukuxhuzula (umz., isifo sohlangothi, iswekile ephantsi egazini). Oku kunokunceda ukuthintela ukuxhuzula kwixesha elizayo.
Ukusebenzisa amayeza okuthintela ukuxhuzula:La mayeza anceda ekuthinteleni ukuxhuzula okanye ukunciphisa ukuxhaphaka kwazo.
Utyando: Ngokunyanga indawo yobuchopho (``indawo egxile kuyo``) apho kuqala khona ukuxhuzula, utyando lunokunciphisa ukuxhaphaka nobunzima bokuxhuzula.
Ukuvuselela ubuchopho: Ugqirha wotyando ufaka isixhobo engqondweni aze akhuphe umbane omncinci ngaso. Lo mbane uphazamisa ukusebenza kombane okungaqhelekanga kwengqondo aze azame ukuwumisa. Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokwenza oku, umzekelo, `(ukuvuselela imithambo-luvo ye-vagus)`.
Ukuba ezinye iindlela zonyango azisebenzi, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa utshintsho kwindlela otya ngayo. Ezinye izifundo zibonise ukuba ukutya okune-carb ephantsi okanye okungena-carb (`(ketogenic diet)`) kunokunciphisa ukuxhaphaka kwe-seizures. Nangona kunjalo, uphando lusaqhubeka ngale nto.
Amayeza okuxhuzula
Amayeza anokunceda ukulawula ukuxhuzula ngezi ndlela zilandelayo:
Yeka ukuxhuzula ngokukhawuleza xa kusenzeka.
Nqanda ukuxhuzula kwixesha elizayo.
Nciphisa ubukhali bokuxhuzula.
Nciphisa ukuxhaphaka kokuxhuzula.
Amanye amayeza asetyenziswa kakhulu ekuthinteleni isifo sokuwa zezi:
`Benzodiazepine`
`ICarbamazepine`
`I-Diazepam`
`Gabapentin`
`I-Lamotrigine`
`Oxcarbazepine`
`Phenytoin`
`I-Pregabalin`
`I-asidi yeValproic`
Emva kokuba uqalise amayeza amatsha, ugqirha wakho uza kukubona rhoqo ukuze alandele amanyathelo okulandela ukuze abone ukuba asebenza kakuhle kangakanani na. Kungathatha iinyanga ezininzi ukufumana amayeza afanelekileyo kunye nomthamo ofanelekileyo kuwe. Soloko usela amayeza akho kanye njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuxelela. Musa ukuyeka ukuwasebenzisa nokuba uzive ungcono. Izifundo zibonise ukuba malunga nama-33% abantu abathatha amayeza okuthintela ukuxhuzula bayayeka ngokupheleleyo ukuba nokuxhuzula. Abanye abangama-33% bathi ukuxhuzula kwabo akudlali rhoqo emva kokuthatha la mayeza.
Ngaba ukuxhuzula kungathintelwa?
Ngenxa yokuba ukuxhuzula akunakuqikelelwa, akunakuthintelwa ngokupheleleyo. Eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukuphepha izinto ezinokubangela ukuxhuzula, okanye "Izinto Ezibangela Ukuxhuzula." Umzekelo, ukulawula amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho, nokuzikhusela kwizifo nasekwenzakaleni.
Yintoni onokuyilindela xa unesithuthwane? Injani imeko yakho?
Bangaphantsi kwesiqingatha abantu abaye baxhuzula ngaphandle kwesizathu baza kuphinda baxhuzule. Ukuba kuvela ukuxhuzula okwesibini, oogqirha banokucebisa ukuba baqalise amayeza okuthintela ukuxhuzula. Kwimeko yokuxhuzula okubangelwe kukuphazamiseka, umngcipheko wokuba nokuxhuzula okunye uxhomekeke kwinto ebangele ukuxhuzula kokuqala. Ukuba unonyango, umngcipheko wokuba nokuxhuzula okunye uphantsi (ngaphandle kokuba imeko ebangele ukuxhuzula kokuqala iphinda ibuyele). Amayeza anokunceda ukuthintela ukuxhuzula okanye ukunciphisa ukuxhaphaka kokuxhuzula. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha kuyimfuneko ukuzama amayeza aliqela (okanye indibaniselwano yamayeza) ukuze ufumane elona lisebenza kakuhle. Kwezinye iimeko, kunokuba nzima ukulawula ukuxhuzula ngamayeza kuphela. Kwimeko enjalo, ugqirha unokucebisa utyando, ukutya okukhethekileyo, okanye olunye unyango. Ukuba uxhuzula rhoqo, ugqirha wakho unokukunceda uhlale ukhuselekile. Unganxiba okanye uphathe i-ID yezonyango okanye ikhadi ukuze abanye bazi ukuba benze ntoni ukuba uxhuzula.
Inokuhlala ixesha elingakanani i-surticulty?
Iimpawu zokuxhuzula zihlala ziqala kwimizuzwana embalwa ukuya kwimizuzu embalwa, ixesha elide liyimizuzu eli-15. Ukuba kuvela ukuxhuzula okuninzi ngokulandelelana (le yingxamiseko yezonyango), iimpawu zinokuhlala ixesha elide.
Iyintoni ingqikelelo yokuxhuzula?
Ngenxa yokuba amava omntu wonke okuxhuzula ahlukile, indlela ojonga ngayo izinto inokwahluka kakhulu. Indlela ojonga ngayo izinto inokuxhomekeka kwizinto ezahlukeneyo, kuquka:
Ngaba ufumene isizathu?
Ngaba loo nto ingalawulwa okanye inyangwe?
Luhlobo luni lokuxhuzula owakha walufumana?
Bekunzima kangakanani ukuxhuzula kwaye kuthathe ixesha elingakanani?
Ingaba le yingxaki yakho yokuqala yokuxhuzula?
Ngaba unesifo esithile esibangela ukuba uxhuzule luphawu oluqhelekileyo?
Ziziphi iindlela zonyango ezikhoyo zokunceda ukulawula olu hlobo lokuxhuzula?
Ugqirha wakho unolwazi lwamva nje malunga noko unokukulindela. Ukuba unemibuzo, mbuze.
Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?
Ukuba unesithuthwane okokuqala ebomini bakho, okanye ukuba ulahlekelwa zingqondo kwaye awuyazi imbangela, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka uye kwigumbi longxamiseko. Ukuba uwedwa kwaye ucinga ukuba unesithuthwane okokuqala, kuya kufuneka ubone okanye uthethe nogqirha ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba ukhe wanesithuthwane ngaphambili, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele esinye. Ukuba unesithuthwane sesibini, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza.Ukuxhuzula kubangela utshintsho engqondweni yakho, nto leyo ekwenza ube namathuba amaninzi okuxhuzula. Ke ngoko, kungcono uxilongwe kwaye unyangwe kwangethuba. Kumntu oxhuzula rhoqo, kusenokungabi yimfuneko ukubiza i-ambulensi emva kokuxhuzula. Nangona kunjalo, nokuba uyazi ukuba kutheni ube nesifo sokuxhuzula, usenokuba wenzekele izinto ezifuna unyango.
Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha?
Ukuba unesifo sokuxhuzula, ungabuza ugqirha wakho imibuzo efana nale:
Kutheni ndibe nesi sifo sokuxhuzula?
Ndingaziphepha njani izinto ezibangela ukuba `(Izinto ezibangela ukuba umntu angasebenzi)`?
Luhlobo luni lonyango olucetyiswayo?
Ngaba kukho naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kuloo nyango?
Ngaba ndiza kuphinda ndibe nesithuthwane?
Ndingazikhusela njani?
Ziziphi iintlobo zesifo sokuwa ezichaphazela abantwana?
Abantwana nabo banokuba nokuxhuzula. Ezi zinto zibangela ukuxhuzula kubantu abadala zihlala zichaphazela abantwana. Ezinye zezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo zokuxhuzula kunye neengxaki zokuxhuzula ezibonwa ebuntwaneni zezi:
Ukuxhuzula kokungabikho (ukuxhuzula kokungabikho ebuntwaneni).
Isifo sokuwa ebantwaneni.
Ukuxhuzula okubangelwa bubushushu (ukuxhuzula okwenzeka xa umkhuhlane usanda).
Ukuqaqamba kwabantwana.
Isifo sokuwa esibangelwa yi-myoclonic yabantwana.
Isifo sikaLennox-Gastaut.
Ukuxhuzula kwe-Tonic-clonic.
Ingaba kukhuselekile ukukhulelwa xa ndinesifo sokuxhuzula?
Ewe, ungaba nokukhulelwa okukhuselekileyo ukuba unesithuthwane. Nangona kunjalo, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuvavanywa rhoqo ukuze kujongwe impilo yakho neyeyomntwana wakho. Amanye amayeza okuthintela isithuthwane akakhuselekanga ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Ke ngoko, ugqirha wakho uya kucebisa amayeza akhuselekileyo anokunceda ukulawula iimpawu zakho. Ukuba unemibuzo okanye iinkxalabo, ugqirha wakho ngumntu olungileyo ukuthetha naye. Isithuthwane sinokubonakala njengeziganeko ezimangalisayo ozibonayo kwiTV okanye kwiimuvi, kodwa sinokuba yinto wena okanye umntu omthandayo ohlangabezana nayo yonke imihla okanye rhoqo. Azimnandi ukuzifumana kwaye zoyikeka ngakumbi ukuzibukela. Ungaziva ungaphilanga kakuhle ngaphambi, ngexesha, nasemva kwesithuthwane, kwaye kungathatha ixesha ukuba uphile. Nokuba isithuthwane sakho singaphaya kwamandla akho, ugqirha unokukunceda ulawule iimpawu zakho. Ugqirha wakho uya kukufundisa iindlela zokulawula imeko yakho engaphantsi, okanye ukuchonga nokuphepha izinto ezibangela esi sifo. Amayeza anokunceda ukunciphisa ukuxhaphaka kwesithuthwane, kwaye utyando lunokuba lukhetho ukuba ezinye iindlela zonyango azisebenzi.
Ukuba unemibuzo malunga nokuba ungalindela ntoni xa unesithuthwane, okanye indlela yokuzikhusela okanye yokuzikhusela kumntu omthandayo, ungathandabuzi ukubona ugqirha.
Umyalezo Wokugqibela Wokuya Ekhaya
Kulungile, ngoko ke sithethe kakhulu ngesifo sokuxhuzula namhlanje. Nazi ezinye zezinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule:
Ukuxhuzula sisenzo esingaqhelekanga sombane engqondweni. Asikuko konke ukuxhuzula okufanayo, kwaye iimpawu ziyahluka.
Zininzi izizathu. Ezinye zezokwexeshana, ngelixa ezinye zibangelwa ziimeko zempilo ezingabonakaliyo.
Ukuba unesithuthwane okanye ulahlekelwa zingqondo okokuqala, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko.
Ukuba unesifo sokuxhuzula rhoqo, thetha nogqirha wakho ukuze uyile isicwangciso sonyango kunye nolawulo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukusebenzisa amayeza akho ngokuchanekileyo.
Chonga `(Izinto ezibangela iingxaki)` uze uzame ukuziphepha.
Awuwedwa. Ukuba uziva uxinezelekile ngale meko, thetha nogqirha wakho okanye nomcebisi wezempilo yengqondo ngayo.
Ndiyathemba ukuba olu lwazi luluncedo kuwe. Hlala usempilweni!
Ukuxhuzula , Intloko ebuhlungu, Izifo zobuchopho, Izifo ze-Neurological, Iimpawu zokuxhuzula, Unyango lokuxhuzula

⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.

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Ulwazi lwezeMpilo ngokubanziJulayi 16, 2026
Ngaba wakha wakha wahlelwa yile nto? Masifunde ukuba yintoni kanye kanye i-surticulation!
Dr. Priya SammaniMedical Verification
⏱ 13 min read
📋Table of Contents
1. Yintoni ukuxhuzula? Masiyiqonde ngokulula.
2. Ziziphi iintlobo ze-seizures?
3. Ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga neentlobo zokuxhuzula ngokubanzi
4. Masifunde nangeentlobo ze-focal seizures.
5. Ixhaphake kangakanani le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-seizure?
6. Zithini iimpawu zokuxhuzula?
7. Ngaba kukho amanqanaba okuxhuzula?
8. Ziziphi iimpawu ezibonisa ukuba umntu unesifo sokuwa ngaphambi kokuba ahlaselwe?
9. Kutheni ezi zifo zisenzeka? Zithini izizathu?
10. Izinto ezibangela ukuxhuzula
11. Ezinye izifo ezibangela ukuxhuzula
12. Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokuba nesithuthwane?
13. Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho xa umntu exhuzula?
14. Ngaba kukho unxibelelwano phakathi kokuxhuzula kunye nempilo yengqondo?
15. Uyibona njani le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-seizure?
16. Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezenziwayo koku?
17. Ziziphi iindlela zonyango zokuxhuzula?
18. Amayeza okuxhuzula
19. Ngaba ukuxhuzula kungathintelwa?
20. Yintoni onokuyilindela xa unesithuthwane? Injani imeko yakho?
21. Inokuhlala ixesha elingakanani i-surticulty?
22. Iyintoni ingqikelelo yokuxhuzula?
23. Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?
24. Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha?
25. Ziziphi iintlobo zesifo sokuwa ezichaphazela abantwana?
26. Ingaba kukhuselekile ukukhulelwa xa ndinesifo sokuxhuzula?
27. Umyalezo Wokugqibela Wokuya Ekhaya
Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngesihloko esinobuzaza, nesingaqondakaliyo kubantu abaninzi. Oko kukuxhuzula, okanye njengoko kubizwa ngesiNgesi, "iSeizure". Usenokuba ukhe weva ngako, okanye mhlawumbi ukubonile. Nangona kunjalo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ukuba yintoni kanye kanye. Kuba, ukuba into efana nale yehlela umntu, kuya kukunceda kungekuphela nje ekumncedeni, kodwa nasekuphepheni uloyiko olungeyomfuneko.
Yintoni ukuxhuzula? Masiyiqonde ngokulula.
Ngamafutshane, ukuxhuzula kukuqhuma okungaqhelekanga, okungalindelekanga komsebenzi wombane engqondweni yethu. Cinga ngako njengenkqubo yekhompyutha entsonkothileyo. Iqulethe izigidi zeeseli zemithambo-luvo ezibizwa ngokuba zii-neurons. Ezi zinxibelelana ngemiqondiso emincinci yombane. Ngoko ke, ukuba ngesizathu esithile kukho ukuphazamiseka okukhawulezileyo kule nkqubo yesignali yombane, okanye ukuba kukho umsebenzi omninzi wombane, kulapho kwenzeka ukuxhuzula. Xa uninzi lwabantu lucinga ngokuxhuzula, lucinga ngemeko enzima apho umzimba ushukuma khona baze balahlekelwe zingqondo. Elo liphawu elinye. Nangona kunjalo, ayizizo zonke ii-seizures ezifanayo. Ngamanye amaxesha umntu unokuyeka oko akwenzayo aze ajonge engenanto okwethutyana. Omnye umntu unokuba nokuxhuzula okanye ukuxhuzula ingalo okanye umlenze, okanye izihlunu zakhe zinokuxhuzula. Abanye abantu banokuba nokuxhuzula kube kanye kuphela ebomini babo. Abanye banokuba nokuxhuzula okuliqela ngosuku. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuba unesifo sokuxhuzula, sinokuhluka kakhulu kwinto anayo omnye umntu. Kunokubakho izizathu ezininzi zoku. Kuba kukho izinto ezininzi ezinokuphazamisa iipatheni eziqhelekileyo zombane engqondweni. Kunokubangelwa yinto yonke ukusuka kutshintsho kumanqanaba eswekile yegazi ukuya kwisifo, ingozi, okanye imeko yezonyango engaphantsi. Kungoko ke kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha ukuze ufumane ukuba loluphi unyango olukufaneleyo.
Ziziphi iintlobo ze-seizures?
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zokuxhuzula. Masijonge ukuba ziyintoni na. 1. Ukuxhuzula Okuqhelekileyo: Oku kuxa umsebenzi wombane uqala kumacala omabini engqondo ngaxeshanye. Ngeli xesha, umzimba wakho unokuxhuzula kumacala omabini, icala elinye linokuxhuzula, okanye ungayeka into obuyenza uze ujonge nje. Nangona oku kudla ngokuvela kakhulu kubantwana abancinci okanye kubantu abadala abancinci, le meko inokwenzeka nakubani na wanoma yimuphi ubudala. 2. Ukuxhuzula Okujoliswe Kumntu Oyintloko: Oku kuxa umsebenzi wombane uqala kwelinye icala lengqondo, okanye kwindawo ethile (`(focus)`). Iimpawu zihlala zichaphazela icala elinye lomzimba, kwaye usenokuba ungazi okanye awuzi. Oku kuthetha ukuba usenokuba ukhumbula okanye awukhumbuli ukuxhuzula. Ukuxhuzula Okujoliswe Kumntu Oyintloko ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba yinto ejolise Kumntu Oyintloko okanye isasazeke kumacala omabini engqondo.
Ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga neentlobo zokuxhuzula ngokubanzi
Kukwakho neentlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-generalized seizures. Makhe sijonge nezo zinto:
Ukuxhuzula Ukungabikho: Kule nto, ngequbuliso uyeka into obuyenza uze ujonge ungenanto. Ubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo kwimizuzwana embalwa. Umntu obukeleyo ngaphandle usenokungayiboni le nto.
Ukuxhuzula kwe-Atonic (Ukuxhuzula kwe-Drop): Kule nto, kukho ukulahlekelwa ngequbuliso kolawulo lwemisipha , nto leyo ebangela ukuba umntu awe phantsi. Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-`(Ukuxhuzula kwe-Drop)`.
Ukuxhuzula kweClonic: Oku kunokubangela ukuxhuzula kumacala omabini omzimba kunye nokulahlekelwa zingqondo. Okanye kunokubangela ukuxhuzula kwelinye icala lomzimba ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa zingqondo.
Ukuxhuzula kwe-Myoclonic: Oku kukuhlasela ngequbuliso kwemisipha enye okanye ezininzi emzimbeni, ngokungathi zibethelwe kukuxhuzula ngombane.
Ukuxhuzula Okuqhelekileyo Kwesibini: Kule meko, kuqala kubekho ukuxhuzula okujolise kwingcinga (oko kuthetha ukuba umsebenzi wombane uqala kwenye inxalenye yengqondo), kuze kube yilapho kuba kukuxhuzula okuqhelekileyo (oko kuthetha ukuba umsebenzi wombane usasazeka kumacala omabini engqondo).
Ukuxhuzula kweTonic-Clonic: Olu lolona hlobo lunzima abantu abaninzi abalucingayo xa besiva igama elithi " ukuxhuzula ." Izihlunu ziyaqina (tonic), zilahlekelwe zingqondo, uze umzimba ushukume (clonic).
Ukuxhuzula kweTonic: Kule nto, kukho ukuphelelwa yingqondo kunye nokuqina kwemisipha, kodwa akukho kuxhuzula kwenzekayo.
Masifunde nangeentlobo ze-focal seizures.
Kukwakho neentlobo ezimbini eziphambili ze-focal seizures:
Ukuxhuzula Okuqaphelekayo (Ukuxhuzula Okungaphelelanga): Kule nto, uyazazi ukuba uxhuzula kwaye unokukhumbula.
Ukuxhuzula kolwazi olujongene nokungaqini kakuhle (Ukuxhuzula okuntsonkothileyo): Kolu hlobo lokuxhuzula, ulahlekelwa zingqondo kwaye uzive udidekile (`(ukudideka)`). Awunankumbulo yokuxhuzula.
Ixhaphake kangakanani le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-seizure?
Ubusazi na ukuba malunga ne-10% yabantu kwihlabathi liphela bakha bahlaselwe sisisu esinye ubuncinane ebomini babo? Oko kuthetha ukuba asinto ingaqhelekanga kangako.
Zithini iimpawu zokuxhuzula?
Iimpawu zinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo kunye nobukhali bokuxhuzula. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ezinokubonakala:
Ukulahlekelwa yingqondo.
Iintshukumo ezingalawulekiyo zamalungu omzimba (umz., ukuxhuzula, ukuqaqamba kwemisipha , ukuxhuzula).
Ejonge ngaphandle kwesizathu.
Ukongeza koku, ezinye iimpawu zinokubonwa:
Utshintsho olukhawulezileyo lweemvakalelo (umz., ukudideka, uloyiko, ulonwabo, ixhala ).
Isixhobo sokuhluza amazinyo .
Ukuvuza amathe.
Iintshukumo zamehlo ezingaqhelekanga.
Ukulahlekelwa kulawulo lomchamo okanye amathumbu.
Ukwenza izandi ezingaqhelekanga (umz., ukurhona).
Ezi mpawu zezokwexeshana, zihlala ukusuka kwimizuzwana embalwa ukuya kwimizuzu embalwa.
Ngaba kukho amanqanaba okuxhuzula?
Ewe, ukuxhuzula kunokuba namanqanaba aliqela. Kodwa ayinguye wonke umntu ohlangabezana nazo zonke. 1. Isigaba seProdrome: Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuxhuzula, unokufumana utshintsho kwimo yakho okanye kwindlela oziphatha ngayo, uzive unesizungu, okanye ube nobunzima bokugxila. Abanye abantu banokuba nengxaki yokulala. 2. Isigaba se-Aura: Ngaphambi nje kokuba iimpawu zokuqala zokuxhuzula ziqale, unokufumana utshintsho embonweni wakho (izibane ezikhanyayo, umbono ogqwethekileyo), intloko ebuhlungu, isiyezi, isicaphucaphu, uloyiko okanye ixhala, kunye notshintsho kwiimvakalelo zakho (incasa, ivumba, isandi, ukuchukumisa). Oku kufana nomqondiso omncinci wesilumkiso ngaphambi kokuba ukuxhuzula kuqale. 3. Isigaba se-Ictal: Kulapho ukuxhuzula kwenzeka khona ngokwenene. Eli linqanaba apho ufumana khona iimpawu zokuxhuzula. 4. Isigaba sePostictal: Emva nje kokuba ukuxhuzula kuphelile, ungaziva udiniwe kakhulu, unesizungu, uneentlungu zomzimba, kwaye ube neemvakalelo ezinzulu (ezifana nosizi okanye ulonwabo). Ngeli nqanaba, umntu unokuba nobuthongo obukhulu.
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba ayinguye wonke umntu ohlangabezana nazo zonke ezi zigaba. Ingakumbi isigaba se-"Aura". Amaxesha amaninzi, ukuxhuzula kuvela ngequbuliso, kwaye usenokungaziva naziphi na iimpawu ezilumkisayo.
Ziziphi iimpawu ezibonisa ukuba umntu unesifo sokuwa ngaphambi kokuba ahlaselwe?
Abanye abantu banokufumana iimpawu ezilumkisayo ngaphambi kokuba baxhuzule. Ezi zifana nesigaba se-"aura".
Iimpawu zeemvakalelo: ukubona izibane ezikhanyayo, ukuphazamiseka kwembonakalo, izandi ezikhawulezileyo, incasa engaqhelekanga (eyesinyithi okanye ekrakra) okanye amavumba , iimvakalelo ezingaqhelekanga zesikhumba ( ukungaziva okanye ukurhawuzelela).
Utshintsho lweemvakalelo: uloyiko okanye uvuyo ngequbuliso, i-deja vuIzinto ezifana ``(jamais vu)`` (amava amatsha avakala ngathi aqhelekile) okanye ``(jamais vu)`` (amava aqhelekileyo avakala ngathi matsha ngandlela thile).
Iimpawu zokuzimela: Ezi zichaphazela iinkqubo zomzimba ezilawulwa ngokuzenzekelayo yingqondo yethu. Umzekelo, ukubila, ukuvuza amathe , isisu esibuhlungu, kunye nolusu olumhlophe.
Kodwa khumbula, ayinguye wonke umntu ofumana ezi mpawu ngaphambi kokuba axhuzule.
Kutheni ezi zifo zisenzeka? Zithini izizathu?
Njengoko besikhe sathetha ngaphambili, ukuxhuzula kubangelwa kukuqhuma ngequbuliso komsebenzi wombane engqondweni. Iiseli zemithambo-luvo ezikwingqondo yethu ziyanxibelelana ngokuthumela imiqondiso yombane. Xa ukuxhuzula kwenzeka, iiseli zengqondo ezichaphazelekayo ziqala ukuthumela imiqondiso kwezinye iiseli ezikummandla ojikelezileyo ngaphandle kolawulo. Lo msebenzi wombane ogqithisileyo ugqithisa kakhulu iindawo ezifanelekileyo zobuchopho, nto leyo ebangela iimpawu zokuxhuzula. Izizathu zokuxhuzula zinokwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezimbini eziphambili, ngokusekelwe kwisizathu sokuba zenzeke.
Ukuxhuzula Okubangelwa Yingxungu (Akukho ntlungu yokuxhuzula): Oku kubangelwa yinto ebangela ukuba umntu axhuzule. Oko kukuthi, imeko yexeshana okanye iimeko ezithile zinokubangela iimpawu zokuxhuzula. Oku akubangelwa sisifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-"Epilepsy."
Ukuxhuzula Okungavuswanga (Ukuxhuzula): Oku kuxhuzula kwenzeka ngokungacwangciswanga, ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo. Kunokwenzeka rhoqo. Olu hlobo lokuxhuzula luphawu oluphambili lwesifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-`(Ukuxhuzula).`
Ukuxhuzula okungafumaneki sizathu sichanekileyo kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-idiopathic seizures .
Izinto ezibangela ukuxhuzula
Izinto ezithile zinokunyusa umngcipheko wokuba ne-arthritic. Sikwabiza ezi "Triggers".
Amanqanaba eswekile egazini angaqhelekanga (iswekile yegazi ephantsi okanye iswekile yegazi ephezulu kakhulu).
Amanye amayeza, umzekelo `(Wellbutrin®)` okanye `(bupropion)`.
Izibane ezidanyazayo okanye ezikhazimlayo.
Isifo sobushushu.
Umkhuhlane ophezulu.
Ukungalali ngokwaneleyo.
Uxinzelelo.
Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi (kuquka ukuyeka utywala).
Ezi "Triggers" azifani kuye wonke umntu. Ukuba unesifo sokuxhuzula rhoqo, kungcono ukugcina irekhodi lezinto obuzenza ngaphambi kokuba uxhuzule. Ugqirha angajonga olo lwazi aze akuncede ufumanise ukuba zeziphi "Triggers" zakho.
Ezinye izifo ezibangela ukuxhuzula
Ezinye iimeko ezininzi zempilo zinokubangela ukuxhuzula. Nazi imizekelo embalwa:
Ii-aneurysms zobuchopho.
Iithumba zobuchopho.
Ukunqongophala kweoksijini engqondweni (i-cerebral hypoxia).
Isifo semithambo yegazi.
Isifo seswekile.
Ukulimala kakhulu entloko, ingakumbi oko kubangela ukulahlekelwa zingqondo (Ukubetheka kakhulu kwengqondo kunye nokwenzakala kwengqondo okubuhlungu).
Izifo eziye zibutyhafise kancinci kancinci ubuchopho, ezifana nesifo sika-Alzheimer okanye isifo sengqondo esibangelwa yi-frontotemporal dementia.
Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kunye nokuxhuzula ngexesha lokukhulelwa (i-Eclampsia).
Ukungalingani kwiityuwa zomzimba, ingakumbi i-sodium ephantsi (hyponatremia), i-calcium ephantsi okanye i-magnesium.
Isifo sokuwa (ukuwa okuphindaphindiweyo ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo).
Iimeko zemfuza.
Ezinye izizathu ezinokubakho:
Utshintsho olunxulumene namahomoni.
Iintsholongwane, ingakumbi i-encephalitis, i-meningitis, okanye i-sepsis.
Ukudumba okubangelwa ziimeko zokuzikhusela komzimba.
Iingxaki zempilo yengqondo (ezikwabizwa ngokuba yi-"psychogenic seizures"), umz. "conversion disorder".
Iingxaki zophuhliso lobuchopho (ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo okubangelwa kukuzalwa).
Izibetho.
Izinto ezinobuthi (ezifana nokutyhefa i-carbon monoxide okanye ukutyhefa i-heavy metal).
Ukulunywa yinyoka okanye ezinye izilwanyana ezinetyhefu.
Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokuba nesithuthwane?
Nabani na unokuba nesifo sokuxhuzula nokuba uneminyaka emingaphi. Nangona kunjalo, usenokuba sengozini enkulu ukuba:
Ukuba unenye ingxaki yempilo engabonakaliyo.
Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho oye waba nokuxhuzula (impembelelo yemfuza).
Ukuba ungumntwana (ongaphantsi kweminyaka eli-18 ubudala).
Ukuba uneminyaka engaphezu kwama-50 ubudala.
Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho xa umntu exhuzula?
Ngexesha lokuxhuzula, ungalahlekelwa zingqondo uze uwe. Ukuba wenza njalo, unokwenzakala ngokuwa okanye ngokuyeka ngequbuliso into obuyenza (njengokuqhuba imoto, ukusebenzisa oomatshini, okanye ukunyuka indawo ephakamileyo). Ngexesha lokuxhuzula, amalungu akho angabetha izinto ezinzima, okubangela amanxeba, ukukrweleka, okanye amathambo aphukileyo. I-Status epilepticus yimeko eyenzeka xa ukuxhuzula kuqhubeka ngaphezu kwemizuzu emihlanu, okanye xa kwenzeka okunye ukuxhuzula ngaphambi kokuba uphile ngokupheleleyo emva kokuxhuzula okukodwa. Le yingxamiseko yezonyango esongela ubomi. Ingabangela umonakalo engqondweni okanye nokufa.
Ngaba kukho unxibelelwano phakathi kokuxhuzula kunye nempilo yengqondo?
Ewe, ukuxhuzula kunokuba nefuthe elikhulu kwimpilo yakho yengqondo. Kuqhelekile ukuba neempawu ezifana noxinzelelo kunye nokudakumba kunye nokuxhuzula. Oku kungenxa yokuba ukuxhuzula kunokuphazamisa ubomi bakho obuqhelekileyo. Kunokukugcina kude nezinto ozithandayo. Ungaziva uxhalabile kwaye ukhathazekile malunga nokuba nokuxhuzula kwakhona. Ungalahlekelwa bubuthongo ebusuku uzibuza ukuba okulandelayo kuza kufika nini. Ukuba uxhuzula phambi kwabanye, ungaziva uneentloni kwaye ungafuni ukuphuma okanye ukuchitha ixesha nabahlobo. Ekubeni ukuxhuzula kuyinto engaphaya kwamandla akho, kuqhelekile ukuba nezi mvakalelo. Ingcali yezempilo yengqondo inokukunceda ulawule impembelelo yokuba ukuxhuzula kunayo kwimpilo-ntle yakho yeemvakalelo.
Uyibona njani le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-seizure?
Ingcali yezifo zengqondo idla ngokuba yiyo exilonga isifo sokuxhuzula. Oku kuquka uvavanyo lomzimba, uvavanyo lwezifo zengqondo, kunye nezinye iimvavanyo ezininzi. Ngexesha lovavanyo, ugqirha uya kukubuza ngeempawu zakho, imbali yakho yezonyango, kunye nembali yempilo yosapho lwakho. Kunganceda ukuzisa umntu obone isifo sokuxhuzula nawe kugqirha. Ekubeni usenokuba awukhumbuli okwenzekileyo, loo mntu unokuchaza oko ukubonileyo.
Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezenziwayo koku?
Olu vavanyo lunokunceda ekufumaniseni ukuba ngaba unesifo sokuxhuzula, kwaye ukuba kunjalo, yintoni ebangela oko. Inxalenye ebalulekileyo yokuxilonga isifo sokuxhuzula kukufumana indawo ethile engqondweni (`(focal point)`) apho isifo siqala khona. Ukufumana indawo enjalo kunokunceda ugqirha wakho ukuba acwangcise unyango. Ezinye zeemvavanyo ezisetyenziselwa ukuxilonga isifo sokuxhuzula ziquka:
Uvavanyo lwegazi.
Iskeni se-CT `(Iskeni se-CT esibalwe ngekhompyutha)`.
Uvavanyo lwe-EEG (i-Electroencephalogram (i-EEG)). Olu vavanyo lulinganisa umsebenzi wombane wengqondo.
Uvavanyo lwemfuza.
Iskeni se-MRI `(Umfanekiso we-Magnetic resonance (MRI))`.
Iskeni yePET `(Iskeni yePositron emission tomography (PET))`.
Uvavanyo lokubhoboza umqolo (ukubhoboza i-lumbar).
Ukuba kukho ukurhanelwa kokuba ukuxhuzula kubangele ukwenzakala okanye enye ingxaki, oogqirha banokucebisa olunye uvavanyo. Ugqirha uza kukuxelela (okanye umntu okwenzela izigqibo zonyango) ukuba zeziphi iimvavanyo ezicetyiswayo kunye nesizathu sokuba zenziwe.
Ziziphi iindlela zonyango zokuxhuzula?
Iindlela zonyango ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo, ubukhali, kunye nesizathu sokuxhuzula. Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa izinto ezifana nezi:
Ukulawula izizathu okanye iimeko zempilo ezingundoqo: Ugqirha uza kuqala azame ukunyanga naziphi na iimeko zempilo ezingundoqo ezibangela ukuxhuzula (umz., isifo sohlangothi, iswekile ephantsi egazini). Oku kunokunceda ukuthintela ukuxhuzula kwixesha elizayo.
Ukusebenzisa amayeza okuthintela ukuxhuzula:La mayeza anceda ekuthinteleni ukuxhuzula okanye ukunciphisa ukuxhaphaka kwazo.
Utyando: Ngokunyanga indawo yobuchopho (``indawo egxile kuyo``) apho kuqala khona ukuxhuzula, utyando lunokunciphisa ukuxhaphaka nobunzima bokuxhuzula.
Ukuvuselela ubuchopho: Ugqirha wotyando ufaka isixhobo engqondweni aze akhuphe umbane omncinci ngaso. Lo mbane uphazamisa ukusebenza kombane okungaqhelekanga kwengqondo aze azame ukuwumisa. Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokwenza oku, umzekelo, `(ukuvuselela imithambo-luvo ye-vagus)`.
Ukuba ezinye iindlela zonyango azisebenzi, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa utshintsho kwindlela otya ngayo. Ezinye izifundo zibonise ukuba ukutya okune-carb ephantsi okanye okungena-carb (`(ketogenic diet)`) kunokunciphisa ukuxhaphaka kwe-seizures. Nangona kunjalo, uphando lusaqhubeka ngale nto.
Amayeza okuxhuzula
Amayeza anokunceda ukulawula ukuxhuzula ngezi ndlela zilandelayo:
Yeka ukuxhuzula ngokukhawuleza xa kusenzeka.
Nqanda ukuxhuzula kwixesha elizayo.
Nciphisa ubukhali bokuxhuzula.
Nciphisa ukuxhaphaka kokuxhuzula.
Amanye amayeza asetyenziswa kakhulu ekuthinteleni isifo sokuwa zezi:
`Benzodiazepine`
`ICarbamazepine`
`I-Diazepam`
`Gabapentin`
`I-Lamotrigine`
`Oxcarbazepine`
`Phenytoin`
`I-Pregabalin`
`I-asidi yeValproic`
Emva kokuba uqalise amayeza amatsha, ugqirha wakho uza kukubona rhoqo ukuze alandele amanyathelo okulandela ukuze abone ukuba asebenza kakuhle kangakanani na. Kungathatha iinyanga ezininzi ukufumana amayeza afanelekileyo kunye nomthamo ofanelekileyo kuwe. Soloko usela amayeza akho kanye njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuxelela. Musa ukuyeka ukuwasebenzisa nokuba uzive ungcono. Izifundo zibonise ukuba malunga nama-33% abantu abathatha amayeza okuthintela ukuxhuzula bayayeka ngokupheleleyo ukuba nokuxhuzula. Abanye abangama-33% bathi ukuxhuzula kwabo akudlali rhoqo emva kokuthatha la mayeza.
Ngaba ukuxhuzula kungathintelwa?
Ngenxa yokuba ukuxhuzula akunakuqikelelwa, akunakuthintelwa ngokupheleleyo. Eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukuphepha izinto ezinokubangela ukuxhuzula, okanye "Izinto Ezibangela Ukuxhuzula." Umzekelo, ukulawula amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho, nokuzikhusela kwizifo nasekwenzakaleni.
Yintoni onokuyilindela xa unesithuthwane? Injani imeko yakho?
Bangaphantsi kwesiqingatha abantu abaye baxhuzula ngaphandle kwesizathu baza kuphinda baxhuzule. Ukuba kuvela ukuxhuzula okwesibini, oogqirha banokucebisa ukuba baqalise amayeza okuthintela ukuxhuzula. Kwimeko yokuxhuzula okubangelwe kukuphazamiseka, umngcipheko wokuba nokuxhuzula okunye uxhomekeke kwinto ebangele ukuxhuzula kokuqala. Ukuba unonyango, umngcipheko wokuba nokuxhuzula okunye uphantsi (ngaphandle kokuba imeko ebangele ukuxhuzula kokuqala iphinda ibuyele). Amayeza anokunceda ukuthintela ukuxhuzula okanye ukunciphisa ukuxhaphaka kokuxhuzula. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha kuyimfuneko ukuzama amayeza aliqela (okanye indibaniselwano yamayeza) ukuze ufumane elona lisebenza kakuhle. Kwezinye iimeko, kunokuba nzima ukulawula ukuxhuzula ngamayeza kuphela. Kwimeko enjalo, ugqirha unokucebisa utyando, ukutya okukhethekileyo, okanye olunye unyango. Ukuba uxhuzula rhoqo, ugqirha wakho unokukunceda uhlale ukhuselekile. Unganxiba okanye uphathe i-ID yezonyango okanye ikhadi ukuze abanye bazi ukuba benze ntoni ukuba uxhuzula.
Inokuhlala ixesha elingakanani i-surticulty?
Iimpawu zokuxhuzula zihlala ziqala kwimizuzwana embalwa ukuya kwimizuzu embalwa, ixesha elide liyimizuzu eli-15. Ukuba kuvela ukuxhuzula okuninzi ngokulandelelana (le yingxamiseko yezonyango), iimpawu zinokuhlala ixesha elide.
Iyintoni ingqikelelo yokuxhuzula?
Ngenxa yokuba amava omntu wonke okuxhuzula ahlukile, indlela ojonga ngayo izinto inokwahluka kakhulu. Indlela ojonga ngayo izinto inokuxhomekeka kwizinto ezahlukeneyo, kuquka:
Ngaba ufumene isizathu?
Ngaba loo nto ingalawulwa okanye inyangwe?
Luhlobo luni lokuxhuzula owakha walufumana?
Bekunzima kangakanani ukuxhuzula kwaye kuthathe ixesha elingakanani?
Ingaba le yingxaki yakho yokuqala yokuxhuzula?
Ngaba unesifo esithile esibangela ukuba uxhuzule luphawu oluqhelekileyo?
Ziziphi iindlela zonyango ezikhoyo zokunceda ukulawula olu hlobo lokuxhuzula?
Ugqirha wakho unolwazi lwamva nje malunga noko unokukulindela. Ukuba unemibuzo, mbuze.
Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?
Ukuba unesithuthwane okokuqala ebomini bakho, okanye ukuba ulahlekelwa zingqondo kwaye awuyazi imbangela, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka uye kwigumbi longxamiseko. Ukuba uwedwa kwaye ucinga ukuba unesithuthwane okokuqala, kuya kufuneka ubone okanye uthethe nogqirha ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba ukhe wanesithuthwane ngaphambili, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele esinye. Ukuba unesithuthwane sesibini, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza.Ukuxhuzula kubangela utshintsho engqondweni yakho, nto leyo ekwenza ube namathuba amaninzi okuxhuzula. Ke ngoko, kungcono uxilongwe kwaye unyangwe kwangethuba. Kumntu oxhuzula rhoqo, kusenokungabi yimfuneko ukubiza i-ambulensi emva kokuxhuzula. Nangona kunjalo, nokuba uyazi ukuba kutheni ube nesifo sokuxhuzula, usenokuba wenzekele izinto ezifuna unyango.
Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha?
Ukuba unesifo sokuxhuzula, ungabuza ugqirha wakho imibuzo efana nale:
Kutheni ndibe nesi sifo sokuxhuzula?
Ndingaziphepha njani izinto ezibangela ukuba `(Izinto ezibangela ukuba umntu angasebenzi)`?
Luhlobo luni lonyango olucetyiswayo?
Ngaba kukho naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kuloo nyango?
Ngaba ndiza kuphinda ndibe nesithuthwane?
Ndingazikhusela njani?
Ziziphi iintlobo zesifo sokuwa ezichaphazela abantwana?
Abantwana nabo banokuba nokuxhuzula. Ezi zinto zibangela ukuxhuzula kubantu abadala zihlala zichaphazela abantwana. Ezinye zezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo zokuxhuzula kunye neengxaki zokuxhuzula ezibonwa ebuntwaneni zezi:
Ukuxhuzula kokungabikho (ukuxhuzula kokungabikho ebuntwaneni).
Isifo sokuwa ebantwaneni.
Ukuxhuzula okubangelwa bubushushu (ukuxhuzula okwenzeka xa umkhuhlane usanda).
Ukuqaqamba kwabantwana.
Isifo sokuwa esibangelwa yi-myoclonic yabantwana.
Isifo sikaLennox-Gastaut.
Ukuxhuzula kwe-Tonic-clonic.
Ingaba kukhuselekile ukukhulelwa xa ndinesifo sokuxhuzula?
Ewe, ungaba nokukhulelwa okukhuselekileyo ukuba unesithuthwane. Nangona kunjalo, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuvavanywa rhoqo ukuze kujongwe impilo yakho neyeyomntwana wakho. Amanye amayeza okuthintela isithuthwane akakhuselekanga ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Ke ngoko, ugqirha wakho uya kucebisa amayeza akhuselekileyo anokunceda ukulawula iimpawu zakho. Ukuba unemibuzo okanye iinkxalabo, ugqirha wakho ngumntu olungileyo ukuthetha naye. Isithuthwane sinokubonakala njengeziganeko ezimangalisayo ozibonayo kwiTV okanye kwiimuvi, kodwa sinokuba yinto wena okanye umntu omthandayo ohlangabezana nayo yonke imihla okanye rhoqo. Azimnandi ukuzifumana kwaye zoyikeka ngakumbi ukuzibukela. Ungaziva ungaphilanga kakuhle ngaphambi, ngexesha, nasemva kwesithuthwane, kwaye kungathatha ixesha ukuba uphile. Nokuba isithuthwane sakho singaphaya kwamandla akho, ugqirha unokukunceda ulawule iimpawu zakho. Ugqirha wakho uya kukufundisa iindlela zokulawula imeko yakho engaphantsi, okanye ukuchonga nokuphepha izinto ezibangela esi sifo. Amayeza anokunceda ukunciphisa ukuxhaphaka kwesithuthwane, kwaye utyando lunokuba lukhetho ukuba ezinye iindlela zonyango azisebenzi.
Ukuba unemibuzo malunga nokuba ungalindela ntoni xa unesithuthwane, okanye indlela yokuzikhusela okanye yokuzikhusela kumntu omthandayo, ungathandabuzi ukubona ugqirha.
Umyalezo Wokugqibela Wokuya Ekhaya
Kulungile, ngoko ke sithethe kakhulu ngesifo sokuxhuzula namhlanje. Nazi ezinye zezinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule:
Ukuxhuzula sisenzo esingaqhelekanga sombane engqondweni. Asikuko konke ukuxhuzula okufanayo, kwaye iimpawu ziyahluka.
Zininzi izizathu. Ezinye zezokwexeshana, ngelixa ezinye zibangelwa ziimeko zempilo ezingabonakaliyo.
Ukuba unesithuthwane okanye ulahlekelwa zingqondo okokuqala, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko.
Ukuba unesifo sokuxhuzula rhoqo, thetha nogqirha wakho ukuze uyile isicwangciso sonyango kunye nolawulo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukusebenzisa amayeza akho ngokuchanekileyo.
Chonga `(Izinto ezibangela iingxaki)` uze uzame ukuziphepha.
Awuwedwa. Ukuba uziva uxinezelekile ngale meko, thetha nogqirha wakho okanye nomcebisi wezempilo yengqondo ngayo.
Ndiyathemba ukuba olu lwazi luluncedo kuwe. Hlala usempilweni!
Ukuxhuzula , Intloko ebuhlungu, Izifo zobuchopho, Izifo ze-Neurological, Iimpawu zokuxhuzula, Unyango lokuxhuzula
⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.
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