Ubunzima bokuthetha kubantu abanesifo sikaParkinson: Masithethe ngale nto!

Isifo sikaParkinson sisifo sobuchopho esichaphazela iintshukumo zomzimba wethu, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha senza kube nzima ngathi ukuthetha nokunxibelelana nabanye. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, kukho iindlela zokusinceda sijamelane nale meko. Masithethe ngayo namhlanje.

Ixhaphake kangakanani ingxaki yokuthetha kwisifo sikaParkinson?

Enyanisweni, abantu abaninzi abanesifo sikaParkinson banengxaki yokuthetha. Oogqirha babiza le meko ngokuthi yi-dysarthria . Phakathi kwama-75% nama-90% abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezisixhenxe kwihlabathi liphela abanesifo sikaParkinson, okanye malunga nabantu abathathu kwabane , banokufumana iingxaki zelizwi nentetho ngexesha lesi sifo. Ngoko ke le yinto echaphazela abantu abaninzi.

Kutheni abantu abanesifo sikaParkinson benengxaki yokuthetha?

Ngamafutshane, isifo sikaParkinson sichaphazela ukusebenza kwemithambo-luvo kunye nemisipha ebandakanyekayo ekukwazini kwethu ukuthetha. Cinga ngezinto ezininzi ekufuneka zisebenze kunye xa sithetha. Nazi ke iindawo ezinokuchaphazeleka sesi sifo:

• Ibhokisi yakho yelizwi `(I-Larynx)` . Le yindawo ephambili apho sivelisa khona ilizwi lethu.
• Umqala kunye nemisipha ehambelana nawo.
• Izihlunu zokuphefumla . Kunzima ukuthetha xa ungakwazi ukuphefumla kakuhle, akunjalo?
• Inkalakahla, ulwimi, kunye nemilebe yomlomo . Ezi zinto kufuneka zisebenze kakuhle ukuze zibize amagama ngokucacileyo.
• Iintshukumo zemisipha yobuso . Kwanembonakalo yobuso ibalulekile xa sithetha.
• Ingachaphazela neendawo ezithile zobuchopho ezilawula ukuva, ilizwi, kunye nenkqubo yentetho .

Ziziphi iingxaki zentetho nelizwi ezinokubakho kwisifo sikaParkinson?

Ukuba unesifo sikaParkinson, unokufumana olu tshintsho kwintetho nakwilizwi:

• Ilizwi liyathamba, isandi siya sihla.
• Ilizwi elithetha into enye, elingenalo utshintsho kwithoni. Njengerobhothi.
• Ilizwi elitshothozayo okanye ukuziva ukrwitshiwe.
• Umoya ophantsi kwelizwi. Oku kulula ukukuqonda kwabo baphulaphuleyo.
• Kuvakala ngathi ngumzamo omkhulu, njengokuncitshiswa kwamandla, ngathi ibhetri "iyaphela" ngelixa uthetha.
• Ubunzima bokubiza oonobumba namagama ngokucacileyo nangokulula.
• Ukungcangcazela kwelizwi.
• Ukungathethi kakuhle, ngokungathi amazwi ayathethwa.
• Ukukhawuleza kokuthetha kukufunda amagama amaninzi ngaxeshanye ngokukhawuleza nangokuqhubekayo.
• Ukulahlekelwa yimbonakalo yobuso. Iimvakalelo esizibonakalisa ebusweni bethu xa sithetha ziyancipha.

Okubalulekileyo kukuba, usenokungazi ukuba ezi nguqu zentetho zakho. Utshintsho kumgangatho welizwi lakho ludla ngokuba luphawu lokuqala. Oku kulandelwa kukungakwazi ukuthetha ngokucacileyo nangokutyibilikayo. Ubunzima bokuthetha budla ngokuba bukhulu ngokwaneleyo ukuba kube nzima kwabanye ukubuqonda, kwaye oku kudla ngokuvela kamva kwesi sifo.

Ndingafumana uncedo kubani ngezi ngxaki zokuthetha?

Ukuba uneengxaki ngelizwi lakho okanye ukuthetha, kungcono ukubona ingcali yolwimi lokuthetha . Ugqirha wakho wosapho okanye ugqirha wakho onyangayo unokukunceda ufumane ingcali yolwimi lokuthetha elungileyo kwindawo okuyo. Abanye abagqirha bolwimi lokuthetha baqeqeshwe ngokukodwa ukuqinisa amazwi abantu abanesifo sikaParkinson, okanye ukwandisa isandi sabo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yiLee Silverman Voice Treatment .

Iingcali zonyango lolwimi kunye nentetho ngabantu abaqeqeshwe ngokukodwa ukuxilonga nokunyanga iingxaki zokuthetha, ulwimi, kunye nokuginya. Ukuba unesifo sikaParkinson, ingcali yonyango ingakunceda:

• Ikunceda ugcine izakhono zakho zonxibelelwano kakuhle kangangoko unako .
• Uza kufundiswa neendlela zokugcina amandla, oko kukuthi, unxibelelwano olungenalo ilizwi, oluquka ukuveza izimvo ngezenzo nangeempawu ngaphandle kwamagama.
• Siza kukwazisa ngezixhobo zokunceda kunye neendlela zokwenza incoko yakho ibe lula.
• Kucetyiswa ukuzilolonga okukhethekileyo ukuqinisa izihlunu ezifunekayo ekuthetheni nokuphucula intshukumo.

Ukuba unengxaki yokuthetha, ungenza ntoni ukuphucula unxibelelwano?

Kulungile, ngoku makhe sibone ukuba ungenza ntoni ukuze kube lula ukuthetha nabanye ukuba uneengxaki zelizwi nentetho. Ezi zinto zincinci zinokukunceda:

• Khetha indawo ezolileyo nengenangxolo ingako yokuthetha. Cima naziphi na izinto ezikhwazayo ezifana neTV okanye irediyo. Oku kuya kunceda umntu okumameleyo ukuba akuve ngokucacileyo oko ukuthethayo.
• Thetha kancinci. Musa ukungxama.
• Xa uthetha, qiniseka ukuba umntu okumameleyo uyabubona ubuso bakho. Mjonge emehlweni uze uthethe. Ukuthetha kwigumbi elikhanyiswe kakuhle kuphucula unxibelelwano lobuso ngobuso kwaye kwenza kube lula ukuqonda into oyithethayo.
• Sebenzisa izivakalisi ezimfutshane. Biza igama elinye okanye amabini okanye isilabhili enye okanye amabini ngokuphefumla kanye.
• Ngaphambi kokuba uthethe nomntu okanye utsalele umnxeba, cwangcisa ukuphumza ilizwi lakho kancinci .
• Khumbula ukuba ukudinwa kunokuchaphazela kakhulu ubuchule bakho bokuthetha. Ezinye iindlela ezisebenzayo kusasa zisenokungasebenzi kakuhle ngokuhlwa, xa udiniwe.
• Gcina umqala wakho umanzi. Sela amanzi amaninzi. Ziphephe iziselo ezine-caffeine (ezifana nekofu neti) kunye notywala. Ukuba umoya okwikhaya lakho womile, sebenzisa i-humidifier.
• Gcina umzimba wakho uthe tye, isilevu siphezulu, nentamo iphakanyisiwe kancinci. Oku kuya kunceda umoya uphume emiphungeni yakho uye kwibhokisi yelizwi lakho.
• Ukuba ilizwi lakho lithambile okanye liphantsi kakhulu, cinga ngokusebenzisa i-amplifier. Oku kunokunceda ukwandisa ivolumu yelizwi lakho.

Ukuba unengxaki yokuqonda oko kuthethwa ngabanye, yintoni enye onokuyenza?

Ukuba ngamanye amaxesha ufumana kunzima kwabanye ukuqonda into oyithethayo, zama ezi ndlela:

• Ukuba uyakwazi ukubhala ngaphandle kobunzima, hlala ugcina ipeni nephepha kufutshane. Emva koko ungabhala phantsi into ofuna ukuyithetha uze uyibonise.
• Ukuba ukubhala kunzima, sebenzisa ibhodi yealfabhethi. Ungakhomba okanye ukhombe unobumba wokuqala wamagama owathethayo.
• Ukuba awuwaqondi amagama, wapele ngokuvakalayo okanye uwabonise ebhodini lealfabhethi.
• Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukuthetha, chaza umxholo oza kuthetha ngawo. Oku kuya kwenza kube lula ukuba umphulaphuli awuqonde.
• Sebenzisa intetho ye-telegraphic. Oko kukuthi, susa amagama angeyomfuneko kwaye usebenzise amagama ambalwa ukudlulisela kuphela intsingiselo yesihloko.
• Ukuba awuqondi igama, sebenzisa amagama afanayo, uwabhale phantsi, uze uwaphinde ngokuvakalayo, unobumba nonobumba.
• Sebenzisa izimbo zomzimba kumagama aziwa ngumntu wonke, njengokushukumisa isandla sakho ukuze uthi "yeka." Sebenzisa izimbo zomzimba xa usithi amagama.

Zeziphi ezinye izixhobo zonxibelelwano ezinceda kwiingxaki zelizwi nezentetho?

Ukuba ukufumanisa kunzima ukuthetha, uziva udanile okanye uxinezelekile ngenxa yokungakwazi ukuthetha, okanye uzifumana unengxaki yokuthetha, cinga ngezi zixhobo kunye neendlela ezinokukunceda wenze umyalezo wakho uqondakale ngakumbi:

• Ukukhulisa ilizwi: Oku kungaba sisandisi-lizwi esiphathwayo okanye isandisi-lizwi sefowuni. Ezi zingasetyenziselwa ukwandisa isandi selizwi lomntu onelizwi elithambileyo. Isandisi-lizwi sikwanciphisa ukudinwa kwelizwi.
• Inkqubo yokudlulisa imiyalezo yefowuni ye-TTY: Le yifowuni enekhibhodi. Ungachwetheza into oyithethayo uze uyifundele umntu omameleyo ngomqhubi werelay. Ungachwetheza umyalezo wonke, okanye amagama ongawaqondiyo.
• Izixhobo ezisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuphantsi: Imizekelo yezixhobo ezincedisayo ezisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuphantsi ibandakanya iincwadi kunye neebhodi ezisekelwe ephepheni, iibhodi zoonobumba (apho ukhomba unobumba wokuqala wegama ngalinye elibalulekileyo olithethayo, okanye ubize igama unobumba ngoonobumba), kunye nezixhobo zokuchwetheza.
• Izixhobo zokuphucula intetho ze-elektroniki zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu, izixhobo zonxibelelwano: Iikhompyutha ezinezixhobo zokudibanisa ilizwi kunye nezixhobo ezivelisa intetho ziyafumaneka ngoku. Thetha nogqirha wakho wengqondo kunye nolwimi malunga nezixhobo zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu ezifanela iimfuno zakho.

Abantu abavayo banokumnceda njani umntu onengxaki yokuthetha?

Nazi ezinye iindlela zokunceda abahlobo nosapho benze kube lula ukuba umntu onesifo sikaParkinson athethe:

• Thetha nomntu onesifo sikaParkinson ubuso ngobuso, uze umjonge xa ​​ethetha.
• Buza imibuzo enokuphendulwa ngo-"ewe" okanye "hayi" nje.
• Phinda inxalenye yesivakalisi oyiqondayo. (Umzekelo, "Ufuna ndiye phezulu ndiyokuthatha ntoni?")
• Mcele ukuba aphinde into ayithethileyo, athethe kancinci, okanye abhale amagama ongawaqondiyo.

Zeziphi izinto ekufuneka umntu onesifo sikaParkinson kunye nobunzima bokuthetha abe nazo xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo?

Ukuze ulungiselele imeko engxamisekileyo, cinga ngezi zinto:

• Sebenzisa inkqubo ye-intercom okanye imonitha yomntwana ukuze wazise abanye xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo.
• Ukuba awukwazi ukuthetha , sebenzisa iintsimbi okanye ii-buzzers. Sebenzisa "iikhowudi" ukubonisa ukungxamiseka. Umzekelo, intsimbi encinci ingathetha "Ndifuna ukuthetha nomntu," okanye i-air horn ingathetha imeko engxamisekileyo.
• Gcina ifowuni yakho ineenombolo ezicwangcisiweyo kwangaphambili. Cwangcisa zonke iifowuni zakho kwangaphambili ukuze zikwazi ukufowunela ngokuzenzekelayo iinombolo ezingxamisekileyo.
• Ukuba ungumntu ochitha ixesha wedwa, bhalisela inkonzo yeqhosha elithi "Life Call". Ucofa iqhosha kwisixhobo, esidla ngokunxitywa esihlahleni okanye entanyeni yakho, elithumela umyalezo kwinkampani yenkonzo, eya kwazisa abantu obathandayo kunye/okanye iinkonzo zikaxakeka zasekuhlaleni.

Ngaba ubunzima bokuginya (iDysphagia) kwisifo sikaParkinson buchaphazela ukuthetha?

Ubunzima bokuginya, imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi -dysphagia, ikwaxhaphakile nakubantu abanesifo sikaParkinson. Oku kunokwenzeka nakweyiphi na inqanaba lesi sifo, kutshintshe njengoko isifo siqhubeka, kwaye kube mandundu njengoko iimpawu zisiba mandundu. Xelela ugqirha wakho kunye/okanye ingcali yentetho kunye nolwimi ngokukhawuleza nje ukuba uqaphela ukuba unengxaki yokuginya. Iimpawu zobunzima bokuginya ziquka: ukuvuza amathe, ukukrwitshwa, ukukhohlela, ubunzima bokuginya iipilisi, ukuthatha ixesha elide ukutya, ukwehla kobunzima, kunye nokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni.

Eyona ngxaki inkulu yobunzima bokuginya - kwaye isizathu sokuba ufanele ubone ugqirha ngoko nangoko - yile:Ukufutha. Ukufutha kuxa ukutya okanye ulwelo lungena kwi-windpipe yakho (trachea) luze luye emiphungeni yakho. Oku kunokubangela imeko enzima ebizwa ngokuba yi-aspiration pneumonia .

Nangona ubunzima bokuginya busenokungachaphazeli ngokuthe ngqo amandla akho okuthetha, iingxaki zokuginya kunye neengxaki zelizwi kunye nentetho zihlala zisenzeka ngaxeshanye.

Okokugqibela, khumbula oku.

Kuqhelekile ukuba abantu abanesifo sikaParkinson babe neengxaki zokuthetha nokuthetha, ingakumbi njengoko esi sifo siqhubeka. Ezi ngxaki zinokwenza kube nzima kuwe ukunxibelelana emsebenzini, nosapho, kunye nabahlobo. Zinokuchaphazela nomgangatho wobomi bakho.

Kodwa eyona nto ilungileyo kukuba, ingcali yentetho nolwimi ingakunceda uphuhlise inkqubo yonyango esebenzayo eya kukunceda uphucule izakhono zakho zonxibelelwano. Ngoko ke, ukuba unale ngxaki, musa ukubandezeleka wedwa, kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo funa ingcebiso yezonyango kunye nenkxaso yonyango. Khumbula, awuwedwa kolu hambo, kwaye baninzi abantu abanokukunceda.

Isifo sikaParkinson , ubunzima bokuthetha, i-dysarthria, ilizwi, unxibelelwano, unyango lokuthetha, ubunzima bokuginya