Ngaba wakha wambona umntu kusapho lwakho, mhlawumbi umakhulu wakho, utatomkhulu wakho, umama, okanye utata, ngequbuliso engakwazi ukuthetha okanye ukufiphalaza amazwi akhe? Okanye wakha wambona enengxaki yokuqonda into oyithethayo? Ngaba wakha wambona esokola ukuchaza into ayicingayo ngamazwi? Unobangela wale meko usenokuba yimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-aphasia . Abantu abaninzi abayazi le nto. Ngoko masithethe ngayo ngokulula nangokucacileyo namhlanje.
Kalula nje, yintoni i-aphasia?
I-Aphasia yimeko echaphazela unxibelelwano, okanye ukukwazi ukunxibelelana. Yenza kube nzima ukusebenzisa amagama, ukuthetha, ukubhala, nokuqonda oko kuthethwa ngabanye. Kwenzeka xa kwenzeka umonakalo kwiindawo zengqondo ezilawula ulwimi. Ihlala isenzeka emva kwestroke . Le ngozi iyanda, ingakumbi njengoko sikhula.
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba i-aphasia ayikokulahlekelwa bubulumko. Oko kukuthi, umntu onesi sifo akaphulukani nobuchule bakhe bokucinga okanye bokuqonda. Ingxaki abanayo kuphela kukuba abakwazi ukuveza iingcinga zabo ngamazwi kwaye banengxaki yokuqonda oko kuthethwa ngabanye abantu.
Ziziphi iimpawu eziphambili zale meko?
Ubunzima be-aphasia bunokwahluka kumntu nomntu. Abanye abantu banokuchaphazeleka kancinci, ngelixa abanye banokuchaphazeleka kakhulu.
| Uphawu | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Ubunzima bokuthetha | Kunzima ukufumana amagama achanekileyo. Incoko iyaphela phakathi. |
| Ayikwazi ukufumana igama elichanekileyo | Nangona eli gama lisentliziyweni yakho, aliphumi emlonyeni wakho. Uhlala usithi izinto ezinje, 'Yintoni... yintoni leyo...' |
| Ukusebenzisa amagama angafanelekanga okanye angachanekanga | Endaweni yegama elithi "indebe," igama elingabalulekanga kwaphela njengelithi "ikama" linokufundwa. |
| Ubunzima bokuqonda oko kuthethwa ngabanye | Kunzima ukuqonda oko kuthethwayo, ingakumbi kwindawo enabantu abaninzi, xa abantu bethetha ngokukhawuleza. |
| Ubunzima bokubhala | Izinto ezinje ngokubhala izivakalisi ezingenamsebenzi nokutshintsha oonobumba zinokwenzeka. |
| Ukuthetha ngezivakalisi ezimfutshane | Endaweni yezivakalisi ezinde, ibali liphela ngamagama amabini okanye amathathu. |
Umahluko phakathi kwe-aphasia ethambileyo neqatha
Umntu one- aphasia encinci unokunxibelelana ngendlela eqhelekileyo, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha unobunzima bokufumana amagama afanelekileyo. Kwi -aphasia enzima , unxibelelwano luncinci kakhulu. Basenokuthetha igama elinye okanye amabini kuphela, okanye basenokungathethi kwaphela.
Ngaba kukho iintlobo eziphambili ze-aphasia?
Ewe, kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-aphasia. Nganye kuzo ineempawu ezahluke kancinci. Zinokwahlulwa zibe ziintlobo ezimbini eziphambili.
- I-Aphasia Etyibilikayo: Aba bantu banokuthetha ngezivakalisi ezihambelanayo nezinde. Kodwa ezo zivakalisi zisenokungabi nantsingiselo. Zisenokuvakala ngathi zidibanisa amagama angadibaniyo.
- I-Aphasia engathethi kakuhle : Kulapho intetho iphela khona phakathi. Kuthatha umgudu omkhulu ukukhupha amagama. Izivakalisi zimfutshane, azichanekanga ngokwegrama, kodwa uninzi lwexesha, awukwazi ukuqonda kakuhle oko kuthethwayo.
Ukongeza, kukho ezinye iintlobo ezininzi ezikhethekileyo:
1. I-Expressive aphasia (i-Broca's aphasia): Uyazi kakuhle into ofuna ukuyithetha, kodwa kunzima kakhulu ukuyithetha ngomlomo okanye ukuyibhala phantsi.
2. I-aphasia yokwamkela ( i-Wernicke's aphasia ): Xa usiva oko kuthethwa ngabanye abantu, awukwazi ukuqonda ukuba bathetha ukuthini. Oko bakuthethayo kusenokukubhida, kuba awuyiqondi into abayithethayo.
3.I-aphasia yehlabathi: Olu lolona hlobo lubi kakhulu lwe-aphasia. Le meko inokubonwa kwangoko emva kokuba umntu ekhubazekile. Ukukwazi ukuthetha, ukuqonda, ukufunda nokubhala kuyanyamalala ngequbuliso.
4. I-aphasia eqhubekayo ephambili: Le yimeko engaqhelekanga kakhulu. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ubuchule bokuthetha, ukufunda, ukubhala, nokuqonda buyaphela kancinci kancinci. Olu luhlobo lwe-dementia.
Kutheni umntu eba ne-aphasia?
Isizathu esiphambili nesixhaphakileyo se-aphasia sistroke . Istroke kukonakala kweeseli zengqondo okubangelwa kukuvaleka okanye ukuqhekeka komthambo wegazi ohambisa ingqondo. I-Aphasia yenzeka xa iindawo zengqondo ezilawula ulwimi zonakele ngale ndlela.
Ukongeza kwi-paralism, kunokubakho nezinye izizathu:
- Ukulimala kakhulu entloko
- Ithumba lobuchopho
- Iintsholongwane ezichaphazela ingqondo
- Izifo ze-neurological ezifana ne-dementia
Ngamanye amaxesha, iimpawu ze-aphasia zinokubonakala okwethutyana kwiimeko ezifana ne-migraines okanye i-TIA (uhlaselo lwe-ischemic oludlulayo) , oluyingxaki yexeshana yokuhamba kwegazi ukuya engqondweni.
Ugqirha uyibona njani le nto?
Ugqirha wakho uhlala efumanisa ukuba une-aphasia xa unyangwa imeko efana nokukhubazeka. Angabuza imibuzo elula, akucele ukuba wenze izinto ezithile, okanye akucele ukuba ubhale amagama ezinto kwimifanekiso. Oku kuya kunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba unayo na i-aphasia kwaye inzima kangakanani.
Ukongeza, iimvavanyo ezinje ngezi zenziwa ukuze kubonwe ukuba kuphi kwaye kungakanani umonakalo wobuchopho:
- Iskeni ye-CT (iskeni ye-Computed Tomography)
- Iskeni ye-MRI (iskeni yeMagnetic Resonance Imaging)
- Iskeni yePET (iskeni yePositron Emission Tomography)
Ugqirha wakho angakuthumela kwiNgcali yezifo zolwimi lokuthetha . Baziingcali kweli candelo. Baza kuhlola izakhono zakho zolwimi ngokweenkcukacha.
Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?
Unyango luxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kuquka ubudala bakho, unobangela wokonakala kwengqondo, kunye nohlobo lwe-aphasia.
Unyango oluphambili lunyango lokuthetha nolwimi . Okukhona uqala oku ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona iziphumo zingcono. Ingcali yokunyanga iza kukunceda ukhumbule amagama, wakhe izivakalisi, kwaye uthethe. Baza kukufundisa nendlela yokuziveza ngemifanekiso nemiqondiso xa ungakwazi ukuthetha.
Ukongeza, unyango lweqela kunye namalungu osaphoKukunika isiqabu esikhulu. Kukwenza uzive ngathi awuwedwa, kwaye kukunika nethuba lokuthetha nabanye nokuziqhelanisa.
Khumbula ezi zinto xa uthetha nomntu one-aphasia:
Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho onale meko, zininzi iindlela onokumnceda ngazo.
- Nika ingqalelo phambi kokuba uthethe: Biza ngegama uze ulinde ukuba akujonge.
- Thetha kwindawo ezolileyo: cima unomathotholo kunye neTV, uze wenze imeko-bume ezolileyo.
- Sebenzisa amagama alula nezivakalisi ezimfutshane: Kodwa musa ukuthetha ngokungathi uthetha nomntwana. Thetha ngentlonelo.
- Thetha kancinci: Mnike ixesha lokuqonda.
- Mnike ixesha: Mnike ixesha lokufumana amagama neempendulo. Musa ukumngxamela.
- Musa ukuzama ukugqiba izivakalisi zakhe: mvumele azame ngokwakhe.
- Buza imibuzo enokuphendulwa ngo "ewe" okanye "hayi."
- Sebenzisa imiqondiso, imifanekiso, kunye nokubhala: Ukuba amagama awanelanga, bonisa ngezandla zakho, ubhale, okanye uzobe umfanekiso.
- Musa ukukhwaza kakhulu: bayakuva. Ingxaki kukuqonda.
Kunini apho kufuneka ufumane ingcebiso yezonyango ezingxamisekileyo?
I-Aphasia idla ngokuba luphawu lwemeko enzima, efana nokukhubazeka. Ngoko ke, ukuba oku kwenzeka kuwe okanye kumntu omaziyo, mse kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) esibhedlele ngoko nangoko .
- Ukungakwazi ukuthetha ngequbuliso
- Ukungakwazi ukuqonda oko kuthethwayo
- Ukungakwazi ukukhumbula amagama
- Ukungakwazi ukufunda okanye ukubhala
Ezi zinokuba ziimpawu ezilumkisayo zestroke. Ngoko ke musa ukulibazisa umzuzwana. Ukufuna uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza kunokunciphisa umonakalo engqondweni.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Aphasia ayisiyongxaki echaphazela ingqondo yomntu okanye amandla akhe okucinga, yingxaki echaphazela unxibelelwano kuphela.
- Isizathu esiphambili soku kukuba istroke yonakalisa iindawo zengqondo ezilawula ulwimi.
- Ukuba ngequbuliso ufumana ubunzima bokuthetha okanye ukuqonda, kufuneka uyithathe njengengxamiseko yezonyango kwaye ngoko nangoko uye kwi- ETU yesibhedlele.
- Unyango lolwimi nolwimi lolona nyango luphambili. Okukhona unyango luqala ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona iziphumo zingcono.
- Umonde, uthando, kunye nenkxaso yosapho kunye nabantu obathandayo kubaluleke kakhulu kumntu one-aphasia.
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