Ingaba ukhuselo lomzimba wakho lubuthathaka? Masifunde nge-agranulocytosis.

Ngaba uhlala ufumana umkhuhlane kunye nomkhuhlane uze uzive ugula kakhulu? Ngamanye amaxesha, nokuba sisifo esincinci sinokuba yingozi kakhulu kwaye kuthathe ixesha elide ukuba siphile? Isizathu esiphambili soku sisenokuba bubuthathaka kwinkqubo yomzimba wakho yokuzikhusela, oko kukuthi, umkhosi osikhusela kwizifo. Namhlanje sithetha ngemeko enokukrokrelwa ngamaxesha anjalo, enokuba yingozi kancinci, kodwa inokunyangeka.

Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-Agranulocytosis?

I-Agranulocytosis (ebizwa ngokuba yi-"a-gra-nu-lo-cy-to-sis") yimeko esongela ubomi apho inani lee-neutrophils, uhlobo lweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi, egazini lethu lincitshiswa kakhulu.

Khawucinge nje ukuba imizimba yethu ifana nelizwe. Iiseli zegazi ezimhlophe ngumkhosi okhusela elo lizwe. Kukho iibhetali ezahlukeneyo kulo mkhosi. Phakathi kwazo , ii-neutrophils liqela elikhethekileyo lee-commando eliya kuhlasela iintsholongwane ngokukhawuleza nje ukuba lizibona . Ngoko ke xa inani lala ma-commando lincipha kakhulu, kwanentsholongwane encinci evela ngaphandle inokuhlasela imizimba yethu ngokulula ize isigulise.

Le meko inokukwenza ube sesichengeni sosulelo olunzima, kwanakwiintsholongwane ezingasiniki bungozi.

Ngoko ke yintoni umahluko phakathi kweNeutropenia kunye neAgranulocytosis?

Usenokuba ukhe waliva igama elithi neutropenia. Nangona ezi zimbini zivakala zifana, kukho umahluko omncinci.

• I-Neutropenia: Nayiphi na imeko apho inani lee-neutrophils liphantsi kunesiqhelo.
• I-Agranulocytosis: Olu lolona hlobo lubi kakhulu noluyingozi lwe-neutropenia.

Ngamafutshane, xa amanqanaba e-neutrophil ehla kakhulu, siyibiza ngokuba yi-Agranulocytosis.

Ziziphi izizathu ezibangela le meko?

I-Agranulocytosis inokwenzeka ngeendlela ezimbini eziphambili.

1. I-Agranulocytosis Ezuzwe Njengelifa: Oku kubangelwa sisiphene kwiijini ezenza ii-neutrophils. Oku kunqabile kakhulu kwaye kuxhaphake kakhulu kwiintsana ezincinci kunye nabantwana.

2. I-Acquired Agranulocytosis: Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo. Kunokubakho izizathu ezininzi zoku. Kodwa malunga ne-70% yamatyala, sisiphumo esibi samayeza athile esiwasebenzisayo. Olu hlobo luxhaphake kakhulu kubantu abadala.

Izizathu eziphambili ze-agranulocytosis elandelayo

• Amayeza athile: Le meko inokubangelwa ngamayeza anjengezinye ii-antibiotics, amayeza ezifo zengqondo (umz. i-clozapine), kunye namayeza ezifo ze-thyroid (umz. i-methimazole).
• Unyango lweKhemotherapy: Xa iiseli zomhlaza zitshatyalaliswa, ii-neutrophils, eziziiseli eziphilileyo ezihlukana ngokukhawuleza, nazo zinokonakala.
• Izifo ezizikhusela ngokwazo: Oku kwenzeka xa inkqubo yomzimba wethu yokuzikhusela iziphatha kakubi kwaye ihlasela iiseli zayo ezisempilweni. Imizekelo ibandakanya izifo ezifana neLupus kunye neRheumatoid Arthritis.
• Izifo zeBone Marrow: Umongo wethambo ngumzi-mveliso ovelisa zonke iiseli zethu zegazi. Ngoko ke, izifo ezichaphazela le mveliso, ezifana nomhlaza ofana ne-leukemia okanye i-aplastic anemia, zinokuphazamisa ukuveliswa kwe-neutrophil.
• Ezinye izifo: Le meko inokubangelwa zizifo ezinzima ezifana nemalariya kunye nesifo sephepha.
• Ukunqongophala kwesondlo: Le ngozi ikwakho nokunqongophala kwexesha elide kwezakhamzimba ezifana ne-vitamin B12 kunye ne-folate.
• Iikhemikhali ezinobuthi: Ukutyiwa kweekhemikhali ezinobuthi ezifana nelothe okanye i-mercury.

Ziziphi iimpawu ze-agranulocytosis?

Ngenxa yokuba inani le-neutrophil liphantsi, iimpawu eziphambili zale meko zezosulelo . Ezi zinokuvela ngequbuliso okanye zikhule kancinci kancinci.

Iimpawu eziphambili ezibonakalayo zezi:

• Ndiziva ndibanda kakhulu, ndingcangcazela, kwaye ndinomkhuhlane .
• Ukwanda kwesantya sentliziyo kunye nesantya sokuphefumla.
• Ukuziva udiniwe kwaye ubuthathaka emzimbeni obungekho ngaphambili .
• Umphimbo obuhlungu, iintsini ezidumbileyo nezophayo.
• Ubunzima bokuginya ngenxa yezilonda emlonyeni nasemqaleni .
• Ukwehla ngequbuliso koxinzelelo lwegazi (hypotension) okukhokelela ekuziveni uphelelwe lithemba kunye nesiyezi.

Ugqirha uyixilonga njani le meko?

Ukuba unezinye zeempawu ezidweliswe apha ngasentla, ingakumbi ukuba unezifo ezixhaphakileyo, ugqirha uza kukuhlola. Uvavanyo olubalulekileyo lokufumanisa ukuba unale meko kukubalwa kwegazi okupheleleyo (CBC) . Ngamanye amaxesha oku sikubiza ngokuba kukubalwa kwegazi okupheleleyo (FBC).

Olu vavanyo lulinganisa inani elichanekileyo lee-neutrophils egazini lakho. Ukuba inani lee-neutrophil lingaphantsi kwe-100 nge-microliter nganye, lifunyaniswa njenge-Agranulocytosis.

Ukongeza, ugqirha unokuyalela iimvavanyo ezongezelelweyo ukuze kufunyanwe unobangela.

• I-Bone Marrow Biopsy: Olu vavanyo lwenziwa ukuze kubonwe ukuba kukho ingxaki na kumongo wethambo, umzi-mveliso owenza iiseli zegazi.
• Uvavanyo lweMfuzo: Ukuba kukho ukurhaneleka kokuba le yimeko yokuzalwa, ungathunyelwa kolu vavanyo.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwe-agranulocytosis?

Nangona le yimeko eyingozi, iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba kukho unyango olusebenzayo lwayo. Unyango luxhomekeke kwinto ebangela le meko.

• Ukuyeka Amayeza Abangela Isifo: Ukuba unobangela wale meko liyeza olisebenzisayo, into yokuqala neyona ibalulekileyo ekufuneka uyenze kukuyeka ukusela elo yeza. Nangona kunjalo, ungaze uyeke ukusela amayeza akho wedwa. Qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho kwaye ulandele imiyalelo yakhe ukuze wenze njalo ngokukhuselekileyo.

• Ii-antibiotics: Ukuba sele unentsholongwane emzimbeni wakho, ugqirha wakho uya kukunika ii-antibiotics ezinamandla zokulwa nayo.

• Iinaliti ze-G-CSF: Ezi zibizwa ngokuba yiGranulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor (G-CSF). Ezi naliti zivuselela umongo wethambo kwaye zincede ekuveliseni iiseli ze-neutrophil ngokukhawuleza.

• Izinto ezithintela amasosha omzimba: Ukuba unobangela sisifo sokuzikhusela komzimba, amayeza anjenge-prednisone anokunikwa ukuze azole inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela esebenza kakhulu.

• Ukufakelwa kweBone Marrow: Ukuba ezinye iindlela zonyango aziphumeleli, ukufakelwa kwebone marrow kumntu ophilileyo kunokwenziwa njengesisombululo sokugqibela.

Ndingazikhusela njani kwiintsholongwane ngexesha lonyango?

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukunqanda ukosuleleka xa unyanga umntu onesi sifo.

• Hlamba izandla zakho ngesepha rhoqo.
• Nciphisa ukuya kwiindawo ezinabantu abaninzi kangangoko unako.
• Nxiba imaski yobuso xa uphuma.
• Yitya kuphela ukutya okuphekiweyo kakuhle nokucocekileyo.

Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba uphile ngokupheleleyo kule meko?

Ewe, uninzi lwexesha kunokwenzeka. Ixesha lokuchacha lixhomekeke kwisizathu.

Ukuba unobangela liyeza, inani lee-neutrophil lidla ngokubuyela kwisiqhelo kwiiveki ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-3 emva kokuyeka ukusebenzisa iyeza.

Ukuba ifunyenwe kwaye inyangwa kwangethuba, le meko inokulawulwa ngokupheleleyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ayinyangwa, inokukhokelela kwiintsholongwane ezinzima kunye neemeko ezisongela ubomi ezifana ne -sepsis . Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala kunye nabo banezinye izifo zentliziyo, izintso, okanye imiphunga basengozini enkulu yeengxaki.